1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 -- GNAT COMPILER COMPONENTS --
5 -- E X P _ S P A R K --
9 -- Copyright (C) 1992-2020, Free Software Foundation, Inc. --
11 -- GNAT is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under --
12 -- terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Soft- --
13 -- ware Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later ver- --
14 -- sion. GNAT is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITH- --
15 -- OUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY --
16 -- or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License --
17 -- for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General --
18 -- Public License distributed with GNAT; see file COPYING3. If not, go to --
19 -- http://www.gnu.org/licenses for a complete copy of the license. --
21 -- GNAT was originally developed by the GNAT team at New York University. --
22 -- Extensive contributions were provided by Ada Core Technologies Inc. --
24 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
26 with Atree; use Atree;
27 with Checks; use Checks;
28 with Einfo; use Einfo;
31 with Exp_Ch5; use Exp_Ch5;
32 with Exp_Dbug; use Exp_Dbug;
33 with Exp_Util; use Exp_Util;
34 with Namet; use Namet;
35 with Nlists; use Nlists;
36 with Nmake; use Nmake;
37 with Rtsfind; use Rtsfind;
39 with Sem_Ch8; use Sem_Ch8;
40 with Sem_Prag; use Sem_Prag;
41 with Sem_Res; use Sem_Res;
42 with Sem_Util; use Sem_Util;
43 with Sinfo; use Sinfo;
44 with Snames; use Snames;
45 with Stand; use Stand;
46 with Tbuild; use Tbuild;
47 with Uintp; use Uintp;
49 package body Exp_SPARK is
51 -----------------------
52 -- Local Subprograms --
53 -----------------------
55 procedure Expand_SPARK_N_Aggregate (N : Node_Id);
56 -- Perform aggregate-specific expansion
58 procedure Expand_SPARK_N_Attribute_Reference (N : Node_Id);
59 -- Perform attribute-reference-specific expansion
61 procedure Expand_SPARK_N_Delta_Aggregate (N : Node_Id);
62 -- Perform delta-aggregate-specific expansion
64 procedure Expand_SPARK_N_Freeze_Type (E : Entity_Id);
65 -- Build the DIC procedure of a type when needed, if not already done
67 procedure Expand_SPARK_N_Loop_Statement (N : Node_Id);
68 -- Perform loop-statement-specific expansion
70 procedure Expand_SPARK_N_Object_Declaration (N : Node_Id);
71 -- Perform object-declaration-specific expansion
73 procedure Expand_SPARK_N_Object_Renaming_Declaration (N : Node_Id);
74 -- Perform name evaluation for a renamed object
76 procedure Expand_SPARK_N_Op_Ne (N : Node_Id);
77 -- Rewrite operator /= based on operator = when defined explicitly
79 procedure Expand_SPARK_Delta_Or_Update (Typ : Entity_Id; Aggr : Node_Id);
80 -- Common expansion for attribute Update and delta aggregates
86 procedure Expand_SPARK (N : Node_Id) is
90 -- Qualification of entity names in formal verification mode
91 -- is limited to the addition of a suffix for homonyms (see
92 -- Exp_Dbug.Qualify_Entity_Name). We used to qualify entity names
93 -- as full expansion does, but this was removed as this prevents the
94 -- verification back-end from using a short name for debugging and
95 -- user interaction. The verification back-end already takes care
96 -- of qualifying names when needed.
98 when N_Block_Statement
101 | N_Package_Declaration
102 | N_Protected_Type_Declaration
104 | N_Task_Type_Declaration
106 Qualify_Entity_Names (N);
109 Expand_SPARK_N_Aggregate (N);
111 -- Replace occurrences of System'To_Address by calls to
112 -- System.Storage_Elements.To_Address.
114 when N_Attribute_Reference =>
115 Expand_SPARK_N_Attribute_Reference (N);
117 when N_Delta_Aggregate =>
118 Expand_SPARK_N_Delta_Aggregate (N);
123 Expand_SPARK_Potential_Renaming (N);
125 -- Loop iterations over arrays need to be expanded, to avoid getting
126 -- two names referring to the same object in memory (the array and
127 -- the iterator) in GNATprove, especially since both can be written
128 -- (thus possibly leading to interferences due to aliasing). No such
129 -- problem arises with quantified expressions over arrays, which are
130 -- dealt with specially in GNATprove.
132 when N_Loop_Statement =>
133 Expand_SPARK_N_Loop_Statement (N);
135 when N_Object_Declaration =>
136 Expand_SPARK_N_Object_Declaration (N);
138 when N_Object_Renaming_Declaration =>
139 Expand_SPARK_N_Object_Renaming_Declaration (N);
142 Expand_SPARK_N_Op_Ne (N);
144 when N_Freeze_Entity =>
145 if Is_Type (Entity (N)) then
146 Expand_SPARK_N_Freeze_Type (Entity (N));
149 -- In SPARK mode, no other constructs require expansion
156 ----------------------------------
157 -- Expand_SPARK_Delta_Or_Update --
158 ----------------------------------
160 procedure Expand_SPARK_Delta_Or_Update
167 Comp_Type : Entity_Id;
170 Index_Typ : Entity_Id;
174 -- Apply scalar range checks on the updated components, if needed
176 if Is_Array_Type (Typ) then
178 -- Multidimensional arrays
180 if Present (Next_Index (First_Index (Typ))) then
181 Assoc := First (Component_Associations (Aggr));
183 while Present (Assoc) loop
184 Expr := Expression (Assoc);
185 Comp_Type := Component_Type (Typ);
187 if Is_Scalar_Type (Comp_Type) then
188 Apply_Scalar_Range_Check (Expr, Comp_Type);
191 -- The current association contains a sequence of indexes
192 -- denoting an element of a multidimensional array:
194 -- (Index_1, ..., Index_N)
196 Expr := First (Choices (Assoc));
198 pragma Assert (Nkind (Aggr) = N_Aggregate);
200 while Present (Expr) loop
201 Index := First (Expressions (Expr));
202 Index_Typ := First_Index (Typ);
204 while Present (Index_Typ) loop
205 Apply_Scalar_Range_Check (Index, Etype (Index_Typ));
207 Next_Index (Index_Typ);
216 -- One-dimensional arrays
219 Assoc := First (Component_Associations (Aggr));
221 while Present (Assoc) loop
222 Expr := Expression (Assoc);
223 Comp_Type := Component_Type (Typ);
225 -- Analyze expression of the iterated_component_association
226 -- with its index parameter in scope.
228 if Nkind (Assoc) = N_Iterated_Component_Association then
229 Push_Scope (Scope (Defining_Identifier (Assoc)));
230 Analyze_And_Resolve (Expr, Comp_Type);
233 if Is_Scalar_Type (Comp_Type) then
234 Apply_Scalar_Range_Check (Expr, Comp_Type);
237 -- Restore scope of the iterated_component_association
239 if Nkind (Assoc) = N_Iterated_Component_Association then
243 Index := First (Choice_List (Assoc));
244 Index_Typ := First_Index (Typ);
246 while Present (Index) loop
247 -- If the index denotes a range of elements or a constrained
248 -- subtype indication, then their low and high bounds
249 -- already have range checks applied.
251 if Nkind (Index) in N_Range | N_Subtype_Indication then
254 -- Otherwise the index denotes a single expression where
255 -- range checks need to be applied or a subtype name
256 -- (without range constraints) where applying checks is
259 -- In delta_aggregate and Update attribute on array the
260 -- others_choice is not allowed.
262 else pragma Assert (Nkind (Index) in N_Subexpr);
263 Apply_Scalar_Range_Check (Index, Etype (Index_Typ));
273 else pragma Assert (Is_Record_Type (Typ));
275 -- If the aggregate has multiple component choices, e.g.:
277 -- X'Update (A | B | C => 123)
279 -- then each component might be of a different type and might or
280 -- might not require a range check. We first rewrite associations
281 -- into single-component choices, e.g.:
283 -- X'Update (A => 123, B => 123, C => 123)
285 -- and then apply range checks to individual copies of the
286 -- expressions. We do the same for delta aggregates, accordingly.
288 -- Iterate over associations of the original aggregate
290 Assoc := First (Component_Associations (Aggr));
292 -- Rewrite into a new aggregate and decorate
299 (Sloc => Sloc (Aggr),
300 Component_Associations => New_List));
302 when N_Delta_Aggregate =>
306 (Sloc => Sloc (Aggr),
307 Expression => Expression (Aggr),
308 Component_Associations => New_List));
314 Set_Etype (Aggr, Typ);
316 -- Populate the new aggregate with component associations
318 while Present (Assoc) loop
319 Expr := Expression (Assoc);
320 Comp := First (Choices (Assoc));
322 while Present (Comp) loop
323 Comp_Id := Entity (Comp);
324 Comp_Type := Etype (Comp_Id);
327 Make_Component_Association
328 (Sloc => Sloc (Assoc),
331 (New_Occurrence_Of (Comp_Id, Sloc (Comp))),
332 Expression => New_Copy_Tree (Expr));
334 -- New association must be attached to the aggregate before we
337 Append (New_Assoc, Component_Associations (Aggr));
339 Analyze_And_Resolve (Expression (New_Assoc), Comp_Type);
341 if Is_Scalar_Type (Comp_Type) then
342 Apply_Scalar_Range_Check
343 (Expression (New_Assoc), Comp_Type);
352 end Expand_SPARK_Delta_Or_Update;
354 --------------------------------
355 -- Expand_SPARK_N_Freeze_Type --
356 --------------------------------
358 procedure Expand_SPARK_N_Freeze_Type (E : Entity_Id) is
360 -- When a DIC is inherited by a tagged type, it may need to be
361 -- specialized to the descendant type, hence build a separate DIC
362 -- procedure for it as done during regular expansion for compilation.
364 if Has_DIC (E) and then Is_Tagged_Type (E) then
365 Build_DIC_Procedure_Body (E, For_Freeze => True);
367 end Expand_SPARK_N_Freeze_Type;
369 ------------------------------
370 -- Expand_SPARK_N_Aggregate --
371 ------------------------------
373 procedure Expand_SPARK_N_Aggregate (N : Node_Id) is
374 Assoc : Node_Id := First (Component_Associations (N));
376 -- For compilation, frontend analyses a copy of the
377 -- iterated_component_association's expression for legality checking;
378 -- (then the expression is copied again when expanding association into
379 -- assignments for the individual choices). For SPARK we analyze the
380 -- original expression and apply range checks, if required.
382 while Present (Assoc) loop
383 if Nkind (Assoc) = N_Iterated_Component_Association then
385 Typ : constant Entity_Id := Etype (N);
387 Comp_Type : constant Entity_Id := Component_Type (Typ);
388 Expr : constant Node_Id := Expression (Assoc);
389 Index_Typ : constant Entity_Id := First_Index (Typ);
394 -- Analyze expression with index parameter in scope
396 Push_Scope (Scope (Defining_Identifier (Assoc)));
397 Enter_Name (Defining_Identifier (Assoc));
398 Analyze_And_Resolve (Expr, Comp_Type);
400 if Is_Scalar_Type (Comp_Type) then
401 Apply_Scalar_Range_Check (Expr, Comp_Type);
406 -- Analyze discrete choices
408 Index := First (Discrete_Choices (Assoc));
410 while Present (Index) loop
412 -- The index denotes a range of elements where range checks
413 -- have been already applied.
415 if Nkind (Index) in N_Others_Choice
417 | N_Subtype_Indication
421 -- Otherwise the index denotes a single element (or a
422 -- subtype name which doesn't require range checks).
424 else pragma Assert (Nkind (Index) in N_Subexpr);
425 Apply_Scalar_Range_Check (Index, Etype (Index_Typ));
435 end Expand_SPARK_N_Aggregate;
437 ----------------------------------------
438 -- Expand_SPARK_N_Attribute_Reference --
439 ----------------------------------------
441 procedure Expand_SPARK_N_Attribute_Reference (N : Node_Id) is
442 Aname : constant Name_Id := Attribute_Name (N);
443 Attr_Id : constant Attribute_Id := Get_Attribute_Id (Aname);
444 Loc : constant Source_Ptr := Sloc (N);
445 Pref : constant Node_Id := Prefix (N);
446 Typ : constant Entity_Id := Etype (N);
450 if Attr_Id = Attribute_To_Address then
452 -- Extract and convert argument to expected type for call
455 Make_Type_Conversion (Loc,
457 New_Occurrence_Of (RTE (RE_Integer_Address), Loc),
458 Expression => Relocate_Node (First (Expressions (N))));
460 -- Replace attribute reference with call
463 Make_Function_Call (Loc,
465 New_Occurrence_Of (RTE (RE_To_Address), Loc),
466 Parameter_Associations => New_List (Expr)));
467 Analyze_And_Resolve (N, Typ);
469 elsif Attr_Id = Attribute_Object_Size
470 or else Attr_Id = Attribute_Size
471 or else Attr_Id = Attribute_Value_Size
472 or else Attr_Id = Attribute_VADS_Size
474 Exp_Attr.Expand_Size_Attribute (N);
476 -- For attributes which return Universal_Integer, introduce a conversion
477 -- to the expected type with the appropriate check flags set.
479 elsif Attr_Id = Attribute_Alignment
480 or else Attr_Id = Attribute_Bit
481 or else Attr_Id = Attribute_Bit_Position
482 or else Attr_Id = Attribute_Descriptor_Size
483 or else Attr_Id = Attribute_First_Bit
484 or else Attr_Id = Attribute_Last_Bit
485 or else Attr_Id = Attribute_Length
486 or else Attr_Id = Attribute_Max_Size_In_Storage_Elements
487 or else Attr_Id = Attribute_Pos
488 or else Attr_Id = Attribute_Position
489 or else Attr_Id = Attribute_Range_Length
490 or else Attr_Id = Attribute_Aft
491 or else Attr_Id = Attribute_Max_Alignment_For_Allocation
493 -- If the expected type is Long_Long_Integer, there will be no check
494 -- flag as the compiler assumes attributes always fit in this type.
495 -- Since in SPARK_Mode we do not take Storage_Error into account, we
496 -- cannot make this assumption and need to produce a check.
497 -- ??? It should be enough to add this check for attributes
498 -- 'Length, 'Range_Length and 'Pos when the type is as big
499 -- as Long_Long_Integer.
504 if Attr_Id = Attribute_Range_Length
505 or else Attr_Id = Attribute_Pos
507 Typ := Etype (Prefix (N));
509 elsif Attr_Id = Attribute_Length then
510 Typ := Get_Index_Subtype (N);
516 Apply_Universal_Integer_Attribute_Checks (N);
519 and then RM_Size (Typ) = RM_Size (Standard_Long_Long_Integer)
521 -- ??? This should rather be a range check, but this would
522 -- crash GNATprove which somehow recovers the proper kind
524 Set_Do_Overflow_Check (N);
528 elsif Attr_Id = Attribute_Constrained then
530 -- If the prefix is an access to object, the attribute applies to
531 -- the designated object, so rewrite with an explicit dereference.
533 if Is_Access_Type (Etype (Pref))
535 (not Is_Entity_Name (Pref) or else Is_Object (Entity (Pref)))
538 Make_Explicit_Dereference (Loc, Relocate_Node (Pref)));
539 Analyze_And_Resolve (N, Standard_Boolean);
542 elsif Attr_Id = Attribute_Update then
543 Expand_SPARK_Delta_Or_Update (Typ, First (Expressions (N)));
545 end Expand_SPARK_N_Attribute_Reference;
547 ------------------------------------
548 -- Expand_SPARK_N_Delta_Aggregate --
549 ------------------------------------
551 procedure Expand_SPARK_N_Delta_Aggregate (N : Node_Id) is
553 Expand_SPARK_Delta_Or_Update (Etype (N), N);
554 end Expand_SPARK_N_Delta_Aggregate;
556 -----------------------------------
557 -- Expand_SPARK_N_Loop_Statement --
558 -----------------------------------
560 procedure Expand_SPARK_N_Loop_Statement (N : Node_Id) is
561 Scheme : constant Node_Id := Iteration_Scheme (N);
564 -- Loop iterations over arrays need to be expanded, to avoid getting
565 -- two names referring to the same object in memory (the array and the
566 -- iterator) in GNATprove, especially since both can be written (thus
567 -- possibly leading to interferences due to aliasing). No such problem
568 -- arises with quantified expressions over arrays, which are dealt with
569 -- specially in GNATprove.
572 and then Present (Iterator_Specification (Scheme))
573 and then Is_Iterator_Over_Array (Iterator_Specification (Scheme))
575 Expand_Iterator_Loop_Over_Array (N);
577 end Expand_SPARK_N_Loop_Statement;
579 ---------------------------------------
580 -- Expand_SPARK_N_Object_Declaration --
581 ---------------------------------------
583 procedure Expand_SPARK_N_Object_Declaration (N : Node_Id) is
584 Loc : constant Source_Ptr := Sloc (N);
585 Obj_Id : constant Entity_Id := Defining_Identifier (N);
586 Typ : constant Entity_Id := Etype (Obj_Id);
591 -- If the object declaration denotes a variable without initialization
592 -- whose type is subject to pragma Default_Initial_Condition, create
593 -- and analyze a dummy call to the DIC procedure of the type in order
594 -- to detect potential elaboration issues.
596 if Comes_From_Source (Obj_Id)
597 and then Ekind (Obj_Id) = E_Variable
598 and then Has_DIC (Typ)
599 and then Present (DIC_Procedure (Typ))
600 and then not Has_Init_Expression (N)
602 Call := Build_DIC_Call (Loc, Obj_Id, Typ);
604 -- Partially insert the call into the tree by setting its parent
607 Set_Parent (Call, N);
610 end Expand_SPARK_N_Object_Declaration;
612 ------------------------------------------------
613 -- Expand_SPARK_N_Object_Renaming_Declaration --
614 ------------------------------------------------
616 procedure Expand_SPARK_N_Object_Renaming_Declaration (N : Node_Id) is
617 CFS : constant Boolean := Comes_From_Source (N);
618 Loc : constant Source_Ptr := Sloc (N);
619 Obj_Id : constant Entity_Id := Defining_Entity (N);
620 Nam : constant Node_Id := Name (N);
621 Typ : constant Entity_Id := Etype (Obj_Id);
624 -- Transform a renaming of the form
626 -- Obj_Id : <subtype mark> renames <function call>;
630 -- Obj_Id : constant <subtype mark> := <function call>;
632 -- Invoking Evaluate_Name and ultimately Remove_Side_Effects introduces
633 -- a temporary to capture the function result. Once potential renamings
634 -- are rewritten for SPARK, the temporary may be leaked out into source
635 -- constructs and lead to confusing error diagnostics. Using an object
636 -- declaration prevents this unwanted side effect.
638 if Nkind (Nam) = N_Function_Call then
640 Make_Object_Declaration (Loc,
641 Defining_Identifier => Obj_Id,
642 Constant_Present => True,
643 Object_Definition => New_Occurrence_Of (Typ, Loc),
646 -- Inherit the original Comes_From_Source status of the renaming
648 Set_Comes_From_Source (N, CFS);
650 -- Sever the link to the renamed function result because the entity
651 -- will no longer alias anything.
653 Set_Renamed_Object (Obj_Id, Empty);
655 -- Remove the entity of the renaming declaration from visibility as
656 -- the analysis of the object declaration will reintroduce it again.
658 Remove_Entity_And_Homonym (Obj_Id);
661 -- Otherwise unconditionally remove all side effects from the name
666 end Expand_SPARK_N_Object_Renaming_Declaration;
668 --------------------------
669 -- Expand_SPARK_N_Op_Ne --
670 --------------------------
672 procedure Expand_SPARK_N_Op_Ne (N : Node_Id) is
673 Typ : constant Entity_Id := Etype (Left_Opnd (N));
676 -- Case of elementary type with standard operator
678 if Is_Elementary_Type (Typ)
679 and then Sloc (Entity (N)) = Standard_Location
684 Exp_Ch4.Expand_N_Op_Ne (N);
686 end Expand_SPARK_N_Op_Ne;
688 -------------------------------------
689 -- Expand_SPARK_Potential_Renaming --
690 -------------------------------------
692 procedure Expand_SPARK_Potential_Renaming (N : Node_Id) is
693 function In_Insignificant_Pragma (Nod : Node_Id) return Boolean;
694 -- Determine whether arbitrary node Nod appears within a significant
697 -----------------------------
698 -- In_Insignificant_Pragma --
699 -----------------------------
701 function In_Insignificant_Pragma (Nod : Node_Id) return Boolean is
705 -- Climb the parent chain looking for an enclosing pragma
708 while Present (Par) loop
709 if Nkind (Par) = N_Pragma then
710 return not Pragma_Significant_In_SPARK (Get_Pragma_Id (Par));
712 -- Prevent the search from going too far
714 elsif Is_Body_Or_Package_Declaration (Par) then
722 end In_Insignificant_Pragma;
726 Loc : constant Source_Ptr := Sloc (N);
727 Obj_Id : constant Entity_Id := Entity (N);
728 Typ : constant Entity_Id := Etype (N);
731 -- Start of processing for Expand_SPARK_Potential_Renaming
734 -- Replace a reference to a renaming with the actual renamed object
736 if Is_Object (Obj_Id) then
737 Ren := Renamed_Object (Obj_Id);
739 if Present (Ren) then
741 -- Do not process a reference when it appears within a pragma of
742 -- no significance to SPARK. It is assumed that the replacement
743 -- will violate the semantics of the pragma and cause a spurious
746 if In_Insignificant_Pragma (N) then
749 -- Instantiations and inlining of subprograms employ "prologues"
750 -- which map actual to formal parameters by means of renamings.
751 -- Replace a reference to a formal by the corresponding actual
754 elsif Nkind (Ren) in N_Entity then
755 Rewrite (N, New_Occurrence_Of (Ren, Loc));
757 -- Otherwise the renamed object denotes a name
760 Rewrite (N, New_Copy_Tree (Ren, New_Sloc => Loc));
761 Reset_Analyzed_Flags (N);
764 Analyze_And_Resolve (N, Typ);
767 end Expand_SPARK_Potential_Renaming;