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1 \input texinfo.tex @c -*-texinfo-*-
2 @c @ifnothtml
3 @c %**start of header
4 @setfilename gccinstall.info
5 @settitle Installing GCC
6 @setchapternewpage odd
7 @c %**end of header
8 @c @end ifnothtml
9
10 @include gcc-common.texi
11
12 @c Specify title for specific html page
13 @ifset indexhtml
14 @settitle Installing GCC
15 @end ifset
16 @ifset specifichtml
17 @settitle Host/Target specific installation notes for GCC
18 @end ifset
19 @ifset prerequisiteshtml
20 @settitle Prerequisites for GCC
21 @end ifset
22 @ifset downloadhtml
23 @settitle Downloading GCC
24 @end ifset
25 @ifset configurehtml
26 @settitle Installing GCC: Configuration
27 @end ifset
28 @ifset buildhtml
29 @settitle Installing GCC: Building
30 @end ifset
31 @ifset testhtml
32 @settitle Installing GCC: Testing
33 @end ifset
34 @ifset finalinstallhtml
35 @settitle Installing GCC: Final installation
36 @end ifset
37 @ifset binarieshtml
38 @settitle Installing GCC: Binaries
39 @end ifset
40 @ifset oldhtml
41 @settitle Installing GCC: Old documentation
42 @end ifset
43 @ifset gfdlhtml
44 @settitle Installing GCC: GNU Free Documentation License
45 @end ifset
46
47 @c Copyright (C) 1988, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998,
48 @c 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
49 @c *** Converted to texinfo by Dean Wakerley, dean@wakerley.com
50
51 @c IMPORTANT: whenever you modify this file, run `install.texi2html' to
52 @c test the generation of HTML documents for the gcc.gnu.org web pages.
53 @c
54 @c Do not use @footnote{} in this file as it breaks install.texi2html!
55
56 @c Include everything if we're not making html
57 @ifnothtml
58 @set indexhtml
59 @set specifichtml
60 @set prerequisiteshtml
61 @set downloadhtml
62 @set configurehtml
63 @set buildhtml
64 @set testhtml
65 @set finalinstallhtml
66 @set binarieshtml
67 @set oldhtml
68 @set gfdlhtml
69 @end ifnothtml
70
71 @c Part 2 Summary Description and Copyright
72 @copying
73 Copyright @copyright{} 1988, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998,
74 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
75 @sp 1
76 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
77 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
78 any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
79 Invariant Sections, the Front-Cover texts being (a) (see below), and
80 with the Back-Cover Texts being (b) (see below). A copy of the
81 license is included in the section entitled ``@uref{./gfdl.html,,GNU
82 Free Documentation License}''.
83
84 (a) The FSF's Front-Cover Text is:
85
86 A GNU Manual
87
88 (b) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is:
89
90 You have freedom to copy and modify this GNU Manual, like GNU
91 software. Copies published by the Free Software Foundation raise
92 funds for GNU development.
93 @end copying
94 @ifinfo
95 @insertcopying
96 @end ifinfo
97 @dircategory Software development
98 @direntry
99 * gccinstall: (gccinstall). Installing the GNU Compiler Collection.
100 @end direntry
101
102 @c Part 3 Titlepage and Copyright
103 @titlepage
104 @title Installing GCC
105 @versionsubtitle
106
107 @c The following two commands start the copyright page.
108 @page
109 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll
110 @insertcopying
111 @end titlepage
112
113 @c Part 4 Top node, Master Menu, and/or Table of Contents
114 @ifinfo
115 @node Top, , , (dir)
116 @comment node-name, next, Previous, up
117
118 @menu
119 * Installing GCC:: This document describes the generic installation
120 procedure for GCC as well as detailing some target
121 specific installation instructions.
122
123 * Specific:: Host/target specific installation notes for GCC.
124 * Binaries:: Where to get pre-compiled binaries.
125
126 * Old:: Old installation documentation.
127
128 * GNU Free Documentation License:: How you can copy and share this manual.
129 * Concept Index:: This index has two entries.
130 @end menu
131 @end ifinfo
132
133 @iftex
134 @contents
135 @end iftex
136
137 @c Part 5 The Body of the Document
138 @c ***Installing GCC**********************************************************
139 @ifnothtml
140 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
141 @node Installing GCC, Binaries, , Top
142 @end ifnothtml
143 @ifset indexhtml
144 @ifnothtml
145 @chapter Installing GCC
146 @end ifnothtml
147
148 The latest version of this document is always available at
149 @uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/install/,,http://gcc.gnu.org/install/}.
150
151 This document describes the generic installation procedure for GCC as well
152 as detailing some target specific installation instructions.
153
154 GCC includes several components that previously were separate distributions
155 with their own installation instructions. This document supersedes all
156 package specific installation instructions.
157
158 @emph{Before} starting the build/install procedure please check the
159 @ifnothtml
160 @ref{Specific, host/target specific installation notes}.
161 @end ifnothtml
162 @ifhtml
163 @uref{specific.html,,host/target specific installation notes}.
164 @end ifhtml
165 We recommend you browse the entire generic installation instructions before
166 you proceed.
167
168 Lists of successful builds for released versions of GCC are
169 available at @uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/buildstat.html}.
170 These lists are updated as new information becomes available.
171
172 The installation procedure itself is broken into five steps.
173
174 @ifinfo
175 @menu
176 * Prerequisites::
177 * Downloading the source::
178 * Configuration::
179 * Building::
180 * Testing:: (optional)
181 * Final install::
182 @end menu
183 @end ifinfo
184 @ifhtml
185 @enumerate
186 @item
187 @uref{prerequisites.html,,Prerequisites}
188 @item
189 @uref{download.html,,Downloading the source}
190 @item
191 @uref{configure.html,,Configuration}
192 @item
193 @uref{build.html,,Building}
194 @item
195 @uref{test.html,,Testing} (optional)
196 @item
197 @uref{finalinstall.html,,Final install}
198 @end enumerate
199 @end ifhtml
200
201 Please note that GCC does not support @samp{make uninstall} and probably
202 won't do so in the near future as this would open a can of worms. Instead,
203 we suggest that you install GCC into a directory of its own and simply
204 remove that directory when you do not need that specific version of GCC
205 any longer, and, if shared libraries are installed there as well, no
206 more binaries exist that use them.
207
208 @ifhtml
209 There are also some @uref{old.html,,old installation instructions},
210 which are mostly obsolete but still contain some information which has
211 not yet been merged into the main part of this manual.
212 @end ifhtml
213
214 @html
215 <hr />
216 <p>
217 @end html
218 @ifhtml
219 @uref{./index.html,,Return to the GCC Installation page}
220
221 @insertcopying
222 @end ifhtml
223 @end ifset
224
225 @c ***Prerequisites**************************************************
226 @ifnothtml
227 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
228 @node Prerequisites, Downloading the source, , Installing GCC
229 @end ifnothtml
230 @ifset prerequisiteshtml
231 @ifnothtml
232 @chapter Prerequisites
233 @end ifnothtml
234 @cindex Prerequisites
235
236 GCC requires that various tools and packages be available for use in the
237 build procedure. Modifying GCC sources requires additional tools
238 described below.
239
240 @heading Tools/packages necessary for building GCC
241 @table @asis
242 @item ISO C90 compiler
243 Necessary to bootstrap GCC, although versions of GCC prior
244 to 3.4 also allow bootstrapping with a traditional (K&R) C compiler.
245
246 To build all languages in a cross-compiler or other configuration where
247 3-stage bootstrap is not performed, you need to start with an existing
248 GCC binary (version 2.95 or later) because source code for language
249 frontends other than C might use GCC extensions.
250
251 @item GNAT
252
253 In order to build the Ada compiler (GNAT) you must already have GNAT
254 installed because portions of the Ada frontend are written in Ada (with
255 GNAT extensions.) Refer to the Ada installation instructions for more
256 specific information.
257
258 @item A ``working'' POSIX compatible shell, or GNU bash
259
260 Necessary when running @command{configure} because some
261 @command{/bin/sh} shells have bugs and may crash when configuring the
262 target libraries. In other cases, @command{/bin/sh} or @command{ksh}
263 have disastrous corner-case performance problems. This
264 can cause target @command{configure} runs to literally take days to
265 complete in some cases.
266
267 So on some platforms @command{/bin/ksh} is sufficient, on others it
268 isn't. See the host/target specific instructions for your platform, or
269 use @command{bash} to be sure. Then set @env{CONFIG_SHELL} in your
270 environment to your ``good'' shell prior to running
271 @command{configure}/@command{make}.
272
273 @command{zsh} is not a fully compliant POSIX shell and will not
274 work when configuring GCC@.
275
276 @item GNU binutils
277
278 Necessary in some circumstances, optional in others. See the
279 host/target specific instructions for your platform for the exact
280 requirements.
281
282 @item gzip version 1.2.4 (or later) or
283 @itemx bzip2 version 1.0.2 (or later)
284
285 Necessary to uncompress GCC @command{tar} files when source code is
286 obtained via FTP mirror sites.
287
288 @item GNU make version 3.79.1 (or later)
289
290 You must have GNU make installed to build GCC@.
291
292 @item GNU tar version 1.14 (or later)
293
294 Necessary (only on some platforms) to untar the source code. Many
295 systems' @command{tar} programs will also work, only try GNU
296 @command{tar} if you have problems.
297
298 @item GNU Multiple Precision Library (GMP) version 4.1 (or later)
299
300 Necessary to build GCC. If you do not have it installed in your
301 library search path, you will have to configure with the
302 @option{--with-gmp} configure option. See also
303 @option{--with-gmp-lib} and @option{--with-gmp-include}.
304
305 @item MPFR Library version 2.2.1 (or later)
306
307 Necessary to build GCC. It can be downloaded from
308 @uref{http://www.mpfr.org/}. The version of MPFR that is bundled with
309 GMP 4.1.x contains numerous bugs. Although GCC may appear to function
310 with the buggy versions of MPFR, there are a few bugs that will not be
311 fixed when using this version. It is strongly recommended to upgrade
312 to the recommended version of MPFR.
313
314 The @option{--with-mpfr} configure option should be used if your MPFR
315 Library is not installed in your default library search path. See
316 also @option{--with-mpfr-lib} and @option{--with-mpfr-include}.
317
318 @item @command{jar}, or InfoZIP (@command{zip} and @command{unzip})
319
320 Necessary to build libgcj, the GCJ runtime.
321
322 @end table
323
324
325 @heading Tools/packages necessary for modifying GCC
326 @table @asis
327 @item autoconf versions 2.13 and 2.59
328 @itemx GNU m4 version 1.4 (or later)
329
330 Necessary when modifying @file{configure.ac}, @file{aclocal.m4}, etc.@:
331 to regenerate @file{configure} and @file{config.in} files. Most
332 directories require autoconf 2.59 (exactly), but the toplevel
333 still requires autoconf 2.13 (exactly).
334
335 @item automake version 1.9.6
336
337 Necessary when modifying a @file{Makefile.am} file to regenerate its
338 associated @file{Makefile.in}.
339
340 Much of GCC does not use automake, so directly edit the @file{Makefile.in}
341 file. Specifically this applies to the @file{gcc}, @file{intl},
342 @file{libcpp}, @file{libiberty}, @file{libobjc} directories as well
343 as any of their subdirectories.
344
345 For directories that use automake, GCC requires the latest release in
346 the 1.9.x series, which is currently 1.9.6. When regenerating a directory
347 to a newer version, please update all the directories using an older 1.9.x
348 to the latest released version.
349
350 @item gettext version 0.14.5 (or later)
351
352 Needed to regenerate @file{gcc.pot}.
353
354 @item gperf version 2.7.2 (or later)
355
356 Necessary when modifying @command{gperf} input files, e.g.@:
357 @file{gcc/cp/cfns.gperf} to regenerate its associated header file, e.g.@:
358 @file{gcc/cp/cfns.h}.
359
360 @item DejaGnu 1.4.4
361 @itemx Expect
362 @itemx Tcl
363
364 Necessary to run the GCC testsuite; see the section on testing for details.
365
366 @item autogen version 5.5.4 (or later) and
367 @itemx guile version 1.4.1 (or later)
368
369 Necessary to regenerate @file{fixinc/fixincl.x} from
370 @file{fixinc/inclhack.def} and @file{fixinc/*.tpl}.
371
372 Necessary to run @samp{make check} for @file{fixinc}.
373
374 Necessary to regenerate the top level @file{Makefile.in} file from
375 @file{Makefile.tpl} and @file{Makefile.def}.
376
377 @item GNU Bison version 1.28 (or later)
378 Berkeley @command{yacc} (@command{byacc}) is also reported to work other
379 than for GCJ.
380
381 Necessary when modifying @file{*.y} files.
382
383 Necessary to build GCC during development because the generated output
384 files are not included in the SVN repository. They are included in
385 releases.
386
387 @item Flex version 2.5.4 (or later)
388
389 Necessary when modifying @file{*.l} files.
390
391 Necessary to build GCC during development because the generated output
392 files are not included in the SVN repository. They are included in
393 releases.
394
395 @item Texinfo version 4.4 (or later)
396
397 Necessary for running @command{makeinfo} when modifying @file{*.texi}
398 files to test your changes.
399
400 Necessary for running @command{make dvi} or @command{make pdf} to
401 create printable documentation in DVI or PDF format. Texinfo version
402 4.8 or later is required for @command{make pdf}.
403
404 Necessary to build GCC documentation during development because the
405 generated output files are not included in the SVN repository. They are
406 included in releases.
407
408 @item @TeX{} (any working version)
409
410 Necessary for running @command{texi2dvi} and @command{texi2pdf}, which
411 are used when running @command{make dvi} or @command{make pdf} to create
412 DVI or PDF files, respectively.
413
414 @item SVN (any version)
415 @itemx SSH (any version)
416
417 Necessary to access the SVN repository. Public releases and weekly
418 snapshots of the development sources are also available via FTP@.
419
420 @item Perl version 5.6.1 (or later)
421
422 Necessary when regenerating @file{Makefile} dependencies in libiberty.
423 Necessary when regenerating @file{libiberty/functions.texi}.
424 Necessary when generating manpages from Texinfo manuals.
425 Necessary when targetting Darwin, building libstdc++,
426 and not using @option{--disable-symvers}.
427 Used by various scripts to generate some files included in SVN (mainly
428 Unicode-related and rarely changing) from source tables.
429
430 @item GNU diffutils version 2.7 (or later)
431
432 Useful when submitting patches for the GCC source code.
433
434 @item patch version 2.5.4 (or later)
435
436 Necessary when applying patches, created with @command{diff}, to one's
437 own sources.
438
439 @item ecj1
440 @itemx gjavah
441
442 If you wish to modify @file{.java} files in libjava, you will need to
443 configure with @option{--enable-java-maintainer-mode}, and you will need
444 to have executables named @command{ecj1} and @command{gjavah} in your path.
445 The @command{ecj1} executable should run the Eclipse Java compiler via
446 the GCC-specific entry point. You can download a suitable jar from
447 @uref{ftp://sourceware.org/pub/java/}, or by running the script
448 @command{contrib/download_ecj}.
449
450 @end table
451
452 @html
453 <hr />
454 <p>
455 @end html
456 @ifhtml
457 @uref{./index.html,,Return to the GCC Installation page}
458 @end ifhtml
459 @end ifset
460
461 @c ***Downloading the source**************************************************
462 @ifnothtml
463 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
464 @node Downloading the source, Configuration, Prerequisites, Installing GCC
465 @end ifnothtml
466 @ifset downloadhtml
467 @ifnothtml
468 @chapter Downloading GCC
469 @end ifnothtml
470 @cindex Downloading GCC
471 @cindex Downloading the Source
472
473 GCC is distributed via @uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/svn.html,,SVN} and FTP
474 tarballs compressed with @command{gzip} or
475 @command{bzip2}. It is possible to download a full distribution or specific
476 components.
477
478 Please refer to the @uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/releases.html,,releases web page}
479 for information on how to obtain GCC@.
480
481 The full distribution includes the C, C++, Objective-C, Fortran, Java,
482 and Ada (in the case of GCC 3.1 and later) compilers. The full
483 distribution also includes runtime libraries for C++, Objective-C,
484 Fortran, and Java. In GCC 3.0 and later versions, the GNU compiler
485 testsuites are also included in the full distribution.
486
487 If you choose to download specific components, you must download the core
488 GCC distribution plus any language specific distributions you wish to
489 use. The core distribution includes the C language front end as well as the
490 shared components. Each language has a tarball which includes the language
491 front end as well as the language runtime (when appropriate).
492
493 Unpack the core distribution as well as any language specific
494 distributions in the same directory.
495
496 If you also intend to build binutils (either to upgrade an existing
497 installation or for use in place of the corresponding tools of your
498 OS), unpack the binutils distribution either in the same directory or
499 a separate one. In the latter case, add symbolic links to any
500 components of the binutils you intend to build alongside the compiler
501 (@file{bfd}, @file{binutils}, @file{gas}, @file{gprof}, @file{ld},
502 @file{opcodes}, @dots{}) to the directory containing the GCC sources.
503
504 @html
505 <hr />
506 <p>
507 @end html
508 @ifhtml
509 @uref{./index.html,,Return to the GCC Installation page}
510 @end ifhtml
511 @end ifset
512
513 @c ***Configuration***********************************************************
514 @ifnothtml
515 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
516 @node Configuration, Building, Downloading the source, Installing GCC
517 @end ifnothtml
518 @ifset configurehtml
519 @ifnothtml
520 @chapter Installing GCC: Configuration
521 @end ifnothtml
522 @cindex Configuration
523 @cindex Installing GCC: Configuration
524
525 Like most GNU software, GCC must be configured before it can be built.
526 This document describes the recommended configuration procedure
527 for both native and cross targets.
528
529 We use @var{srcdir} to refer to the toplevel source directory for
530 GCC; we use @var{objdir} to refer to the toplevel build/object directory.
531
532 If you obtained the sources via SVN, @var{srcdir} must refer to the top
533 @file{gcc} directory, the one where the @file{MAINTAINERS} can be found,
534 and not its @file{gcc} subdirectory, otherwise the build will fail.
535
536 If either @var{srcdir} or @var{objdir} is located on an automounted NFS
537 file system, the shell's built-in @command{pwd} command will return
538 temporary pathnames. Using these can lead to various sorts of build
539 problems. To avoid this issue, set the @env{PWDCMD} environment
540 variable to an automounter-aware @command{pwd} command, e.g.,
541 @command{pawd} or @samp{amq -w}, during the configuration and build
542 phases.
543
544 First, we @strong{highly} recommend that GCC be built into a
545 separate directory than the sources which does @strong{not} reside
546 within the source tree. This is how we generally build GCC; building
547 where @var{srcdir} == @var{objdir} should still work, but doesn't
548 get extensive testing; building where @var{objdir} is a subdirectory
549 of @var{srcdir} is unsupported.
550
551 If you have previously built GCC in the same directory for a
552 different target machine, do @samp{make distclean} to delete all files
553 that might be invalid. One of the files this deletes is @file{Makefile};
554 if @samp{make distclean} complains that @file{Makefile} does not exist
555 or issues a message like ``don't know how to make distclean'' it probably
556 means that the directory is already suitably clean. However, with the
557 recommended method of building in a separate @var{objdir}, you should
558 simply use a different @var{objdir} for each target.
559
560 Second, when configuring a native system, either @command{cc} or
561 @command{gcc} must be in your path or you must set @env{CC} in
562 your environment before running configure. Otherwise the configuration
563 scripts may fail.
564
565 @ignore
566 Note that the bootstrap compiler and the resulting GCC must be link
567 compatible, else the bootstrap will fail with linker errors about
568 incompatible object file formats. Several multilibed targets are
569 affected by this requirement, see
570 @ifnothtml
571 @ref{Specific, host/target specific installation notes}.
572 @end ifnothtml
573 @ifhtml
574 @uref{specific.html,,host/target specific installation notes}.
575 @end ifhtml
576 @end ignore
577
578 To configure GCC:
579
580 @smallexample
581 % mkdir @var{objdir}
582 % cd @var{objdir}
583 % @var{srcdir}/configure [@var{options}] [@var{target}]
584 @end smallexample
585
586
587 @heading Target specification
588 @itemize @bullet
589 @item
590 GCC has code to correctly determine the correct value for @var{target}
591 for nearly all native systems. Therefore, we highly recommend you not
592 provide a configure target when configuring a native compiler.
593
594 @item
595 @var{target} must be specified as @option{--target=@var{target}}
596 when configuring a cross compiler; examples of valid targets would be
597 m68k-coff, sh-elf, etc.
598
599 @item
600 Specifying just @var{target} instead of @option{--target=@var{target}}
601 implies that the host defaults to @var{target}.
602 @end itemize
603
604
605 @heading Options specification
606
607 Use @var{options} to override several configure time options for
608 GCC@. A list of supported @var{options} follows; @samp{configure
609 --help} may list other options, but those not listed below may not
610 work and should not normally be used.
611
612 Note that each @option{--enable} option has a corresponding
613 @option{--disable} option and that each @option{--with} option has a
614 corresponding @option{--without} option.
615
616 @table @code
617 @item --prefix=@var{dirname}
618 Specify the toplevel installation
619 directory. This is the recommended way to install the tools into a directory
620 other than the default. The toplevel installation directory defaults to
621 @file{/usr/local}.
622
623 We @strong{highly} recommend against @var{dirname} being the same or a
624 subdirectory of @var{objdir} or vice versa. If specifying a directory
625 beneath a user's home directory tree, some shells will not expand
626 @var{dirname} correctly if it contains the @samp{~} metacharacter; use
627 @env{$HOME} instead.
628
629 The following standard @command{autoconf} options are supported. Normally you
630 should not need to use these options.
631 @table @code
632 @item --exec-prefix=@var{dirname}
633 Specify the toplevel installation directory for architecture-dependent
634 files. The default is @file{@var{prefix}}.
635
636 @item --bindir=@var{dirname}
637 Specify the installation directory for the executables called by users
638 (such as @command{gcc} and @command{g++}). The default is
639 @file{@var{exec-prefix}/bin}.
640
641 @item --libdir=@var{dirname}
642 Specify the installation directory for object code libraries and
643 internal data files of GCC@. The default is @file{@var{exec-prefix}/lib}.
644
645 @item --libexecdir=@var{dirname}
646 Specify the installation directory for internal executables of GCC@.
647 The default is @file{@var{exec-prefix}/libexec}.
648
649 @item --with-slibdir=@var{dirname}
650 Specify the installation directory for the shared libgcc library. The
651 default is @file{@var{libdir}}.
652
653 @item --infodir=@var{dirname}
654 Specify the installation directory for documentation in info format.
655 The default is @file{@var{prefix}/info}.
656
657 @item --datadir=@var{dirname}
658 Specify the installation directory for some architecture-independent
659 data files referenced by GCC@. The default is @file{@var{prefix}/share}.
660
661 @item --mandir=@var{dirname}
662 Specify the installation directory for manual pages. The default is
663 @file{@var{prefix}/man}. (Note that the manual pages are only extracts from
664 the full GCC manuals, which are provided in Texinfo format. The manpages
665 are derived by an automatic conversion process from parts of the full
666 manual.)
667
668 @item --with-gxx-include-dir=@var{dirname}
669 Specify
670 the installation directory for G++ header files. The default is
671 @file{@var{prefix}/include/c++/@var{version}}.
672
673 @end table
674
675 @item --program-prefix=@var{prefix}
676 GCC supports some transformations of the names of its programs when
677 installing them. This option prepends @var{prefix} to the names of
678 programs to install in @var{bindir} (see above). For example, specifying
679 @option{--program-prefix=foo-} would result in @samp{gcc}
680 being installed as @file{/usr/local/bin/foo-gcc}.
681
682 @item --program-suffix=@var{suffix}
683 Appends @var{suffix} to the names of programs to install in @var{bindir}
684 (see above). For example, specifying @option{--program-suffix=-3.1}
685 would result in @samp{gcc} being installed as
686 @file{/usr/local/bin/gcc-3.1}.
687
688 @item --program-transform-name=@var{pattern}
689 Applies the @samp{sed} script @var{pattern} to be applied to the names
690 of programs to install in @var{bindir} (see above). @var{pattern} has to
691 consist of one or more basic @samp{sed} editing commands, separated by
692 semicolons. For example, if you want the @samp{gcc} program name to be
693 transformed to the installed program @file{/usr/local/bin/myowngcc} and
694 the @samp{g++} program name to be transformed to
695 @file{/usr/local/bin/gspecial++} without changing other program names,
696 you could use the pattern
697 @option{--program-transform-name='s/^gcc$/myowngcc/; s/^g++$/gspecial++/'}
698 to achieve this effect.
699
700 All three options can be combined and used together, resulting in more
701 complex conversion patterns. As a basic rule, @var{prefix} (and
702 @var{suffix}) are prepended (appended) before further transformations
703 can happen with a special transformation script @var{pattern}.
704
705 As currently implemented, this option only takes effect for native
706 builds; cross compiler binaries' names are not transformed even when a
707 transformation is explicitly asked for by one of these options.
708
709 For native builds, some of the installed programs are also installed
710 with the target alias in front of their name, as in
711 @samp{i686-pc-linux-gnu-gcc}. All of the above transformations happen
712 before the target alias is prepended to the name---so, specifying
713 @option{--program-prefix=foo-} and @option{program-suffix=-3.1}, the
714 resulting binary would be installed as
715 @file{/usr/local/bin/i686-pc-linux-gnu-foo-gcc-3.1}.
716
717 As a last shortcoming, none of the installed Ada programs are
718 transformed yet, which will be fixed in some time.
719
720 @item --with-local-prefix=@var{dirname}
721 Specify the
722 installation directory for local include files. The default is
723 @file{/usr/local}. Specify this option if you want the compiler to
724 search directory @file{@var{dirname}/include} for locally installed
725 header files @emph{instead} of @file{/usr/local/include}.
726
727 You should specify @option{--with-local-prefix} @strong{only} if your
728 site has a different convention (not @file{/usr/local}) for where to put
729 site-specific files.
730
731 The default value for @option{--with-local-prefix} is @file{/usr/local}
732 regardless of the value of @option{--prefix}. Specifying
733 @option{--prefix} has no effect on which directory GCC searches for
734 local header files. This may seem counterintuitive, but actually it is
735 logical.
736
737 The purpose of @option{--prefix} is to specify where to @emph{install
738 GCC}. The local header files in @file{/usr/local/include}---if you put
739 any in that directory---are not part of GCC@. They are part of other
740 programs---perhaps many others. (GCC installs its own header files in
741 another directory which is based on the @option{--prefix} value.)
742
743 Both the local-prefix include directory and the GCC-prefix include
744 directory are part of GCC's ``system include'' directories. Although these
745 two directories are not fixed, they need to be searched in the proper
746 order for the correct processing of the include_next directive. The
747 local-prefix include directory is searched before the GCC-prefix
748 include directory. Another characteristic of system include directories
749 is that pedantic warnings are turned off for headers in these directories.
750
751 Some autoconf macros add @option{-I @var{directory}} options to the
752 compiler command line, to ensure that directories containing installed
753 packages' headers are searched. When @var{directory} is one of GCC's
754 system include directories, GCC will ignore the option so that system
755 directories continue to be processed in the correct order. This
756 may result in a search order different from what was specified but the
757 directory will still be searched.
758
759 GCC automatically searches for ordinary libraries using
760 @env{GCC_EXEC_PREFIX}. Thus, when the same installation prefix is
761 used for both GCC and packages, GCC will automatically search for
762 both headers and libraries. This provides a configuration that is
763 easy to use. GCC behaves in a manner similar to that when it is
764 installed as a system compiler in @file{/usr}.
765
766 Sites that need to install multiple versions of GCC may not want to
767 use the above simple configuration. It is possible to use the
768 @option{--program-prefix}, @option{--program-suffix} and
769 @option{--program-transform-name} options to install multiple versions
770 into a single directory, but it may be simpler to use different prefixes
771 and the @option{--with-local-prefix} option to specify the location of the
772 site-specific files for each version. It will then be necessary for
773 users to specify explicitly the location of local site libraries
774 (e.g., with @env{LIBRARY_PATH}).
775
776 The same value can be used for both @option{--with-local-prefix} and
777 @option{--prefix} provided it is not @file{/usr}. This can be used
778 to avoid the default search of @file{/usr/local/include}.
779
780 @strong{Do not} specify @file{/usr} as the @option{--with-local-prefix}!
781 The directory you use for @option{--with-local-prefix} @strong{must not}
782 contain any of the system's standard header files. If it did contain
783 them, certain programs would be miscompiled (including GNU Emacs, on
784 certain targets), because this would override and nullify the header
785 file corrections made by the @command{fixincludes} script.
786
787 Indications are that people who use this option use it based on mistaken
788 ideas of what it is for. People use it as if it specified where to
789 install part of GCC@. Perhaps they make this assumption because
790 installing GCC creates the directory.
791
792 @item --enable-shared[=@var{package}[,@dots{}]]
793 Build shared versions of libraries, if shared libraries are supported on
794 the target platform. Unlike GCC 2.95.x and earlier, shared libraries
795 are enabled by default on all platforms that support shared libraries.
796
797 If a list of packages is given as an argument, build shared libraries
798 only for the listed packages. For other packages, only static libraries
799 will be built. Package names currently recognized in the GCC tree are
800 @samp{libgcc} (also known as @samp{gcc}), @samp{libstdc++} (not
801 @samp{libstdc++-v3}), @samp{libffi}, @samp{zlib}, @samp{boehm-gc},
802 @samp{ada}, @samp{libada}, @samp{libjava} and @samp{libobjc}.
803 Note @samp{libiberty} does not support shared libraries at all.
804
805 Use @option{--disable-shared} to build only static libraries. Note that
806 @option{--disable-shared} does not accept a list of package names as
807 argument, only @option{--enable-shared} does.
808
809 @item @anchor{with-gnu-as}--with-gnu-as
810 Specify that the compiler should assume that the
811 assembler it finds is the GNU assembler. However, this does not modify
812 the rules to find an assembler and will result in confusion if the
813 assembler found is not actually the GNU assembler. (Confusion may also
814 result if the compiler finds the GNU assembler but has not been
815 configured with @option{--with-gnu-as}.) If you have more than one
816 assembler installed on your system, you may want to use this option in
817 connection with @option{--with-as=@var{pathname}} or
818 @option{--with-build-time-tools=@var{pathname}}.
819
820 The following systems are the only ones where it makes a difference
821 whether you use the GNU assembler. On any other system,
822 @option{--with-gnu-as} has no effect.
823
824 @itemize @bullet
825 @item @samp{hppa1.0-@var{any}-@var{any}}
826 @item @samp{hppa1.1-@var{any}-@var{any}}
827 @item @samp{i386-@var{any}-sysv}
828 @item @samp{m68k-bull-sysv}
829 @item @samp{m68k-hp-hpux}
830 @item @samp{m68000-hp-hpux}
831 @item @samp{m68000-att-sysv}
832 @item @samp{sparc-sun-solaris2.@var{any}}
833 @item @samp{sparc64-@var{any}-solaris2.@var{any}}
834 @end itemize
835
836 On the systems listed above (except for the HP-PA, the SPARC, for ISC on
837 the 386, if you use the GNU assembler, you should also use the GNU linker
838 (and specify @option{--with-gnu-ld}).
839
840 @item @anchor{with-as}--with-as=@var{pathname}
841 Specify that the compiler should use the assembler pointed to by
842 @var{pathname}, rather than the one found by the standard rules to find
843 an assembler, which are:
844 @itemize @bullet
845 @item
846 Unless GCC is being built with a cross compiler, check the
847 @file{@var{libexec}/gcc/@var{target}/@var{version}} directory.
848 @var{libexec} defaults to @file{@var{exec-prefix}/libexec};
849 @var{exec-prefix} defaults to @var{prefix}, which
850 defaults to @file{/usr/local} unless overridden by the
851 @option{--prefix=@var{pathname}} switch described above. @var{target}
852 is the target system triple, such as @samp{sparc-sun-solaris2.7}, and
853 @var{version} denotes the GCC version, such as 3.0.
854
855 @item
856 If the target system is the same that you are building on, check
857 operating system specific directories (e.g.@: @file{/usr/ccs/bin} on
858 Sun Solaris 2).
859
860 @item
861 Check in the @env{PATH} for a tool whose name is prefixed by the
862 target system triple.
863
864 @item
865 Check in the @env{PATH} for a tool whose name is not prefixed by the
866 target system triple, if the host and target system triple are
867 the same (in other words, we use a host tool if it can be used for
868 the target as well).
869 @end itemize
870
871 You may want to use @option{--with-as} if no assembler
872 is installed in the directories listed above, or if you have multiple
873 assemblers installed and want to choose one that is not found by the
874 above rules.
875
876 @item @anchor{with-gnu-ld}--with-gnu-ld
877 Same as @uref{#with-gnu-as,,@option{--with-gnu-as}}
878 but for the linker.
879
880 @item --with-ld=@var{pathname}
881 Same as @uref{#with-as,,@option{--with-as}}
882 but for the linker.
883
884 @item --with-stabs
885 Specify that stabs debugging
886 information should be used instead of whatever format the host normally
887 uses. Normally GCC uses the same debug format as the host system.
888
889 On MIPS based systems and on Alphas, you must specify whether you want
890 GCC to create the normal ECOFF debugging format, or to use BSD-style
891 stabs passed through the ECOFF symbol table. The normal ECOFF debug
892 format cannot fully handle languages other than C@. BSD stabs format can
893 handle other languages, but it only works with the GNU debugger GDB@.
894
895 Normally, GCC uses the ECOFF debugging format by default; if you
896 prefer BSD stabs, specify @option{--with-stabs} when you configure GCC@.
897
898 No matter which default you choose when you configure GCC, the user
899 can use the @option{-gcoff} and @option{-gstabs+} options to specify explicitly
900 the debug format for a particular compilation.
901
902 @option{--with-stabs} is meaningful on the ISC system on the 386, also, if
903 @option{--with-gas} is used. It selects use of stabs debugging
904 information embedded in COFF output. This kind of debugging information
905 supports C++ well; ordinary COFF debugging information does not.
906
907 @option{--with-stabs} is also meaningful on 386 systems running SVR4. It
908 selects use of stabs debugging information embedded in ELF output. The
909 C++ compiler currently (2.6.0) does not support the DWARF debugging
910 information normally used on 386 SVR4 platforms; stabs provide a
911 workable alternative. This requires gas and gdb, as the normal SVR4
912 tools can not generate or interpret stabs.
913
914 @item --disable-multilib
915 Specify that multiple target
916 libraries to support different target variants, calling
917 conventions, etc.@: should not be built. The default is to build a
918 predefined set of them.
919
920 Some targets provide finer-grained control over which multilibs are built
921 (e.g., @option{--disable-softfloat}):
922 @table @code
923 @item arc-*-elf*
924 biendian.
925
926 @item arm-*-*
927 fpu, 26bit, underscore, interwork, biendian, nofmult.
928
929 @item m68*-*-*
930 softfloat, m68881, m68000, m68020.
931
932 @item mips*-*-*
933 single-float, biendian, softfloat.
934
935 @item powerpc*-*-*, rs6000*-*-*
936 aix64, pthread, softfloat, powercpu, powerpccpu, powerpcos, biendian,
937 sysv, aix.
938
939 @end table
940
941 @item --enable-threads
942 Specify that the target
943 supports threads. This affects the Objective-C compiler and runtime
944 library, and exception handling for other languages like C++ and Java.
945 On some systems, this is the default.
946
947 In general, the best (and, in many cases, the only known) threading
948 model available will be configured for use. Beware that on some
949 systems, GCC has not been taught what threading models are generally
950 available for the system. In this case, @option{--enable-threads} is an
951 alias for @option{--enable-threads=single}.
952
953 @item --disable-threads
954 Specify that threading support should be disabled for the system.
955 This is an alias for @option{--enable-threads=single}.
956
957 @item --enable-threads=@var{lib}
958 Specify that
959 @var{lib} is the thread support library. This affects the Objective-C
960 compiler and runtime library, and exception handling for other languages
961 like C++ and Java. The possibilities for @var{lib} are:
962
963 @table @code
964 @item aix
965 AIX thread support.
966 @item dce
967 DCE thread support.
968 @item gnat
969 Ada tasking support. For non-Ada programs, this setting is equivalent
970 to @samp{single}. When used in conjunction with the Ada run time, it
971 causes GCC to use the same thread primitives as Ada uses. This option
972 is necessary when using both Ada and the back end exception handling,
973 which is the default for most Ada targets.
974 @item mach
975 Generic MACH thread support, known to work on NeXTSTEP@. (Please note
976 that the file needed to support this configuration, @file{gthr-mach.h}, is
977 missing and thus this setting will cause a known bootstrap failure.)
978 @item no
979 This is an alias for @samp{single}.
980 @item posix
981 Generic POSIX/Unix98 thread support.
982 @item posix95
983 Generic POSIX/Unix95 thread support.
984 @item rtems
985 RTEMS thread support.
986 @item single
987 Disable thread support, should work for all platforms.
988 @item solaris
989 Sun Solaris 2 thread support.
990 @item vxworks
991 VxWorks thread support.
992 @item win32
993 Microsoft Win32 API thread support.
994 @item nks
995 Novell Kernel Services thread support.
996 @end table
997
998 @item --enable-tls
999 Specify that the target supports TLS (Thread Local Storage). Usually
1000 configure can correctly determine if TLS is supported. In cases where
1001 it guesses incorrectly, TLS can be explicitly enabled or disabled with
1002 @option{--enable-tls} or @option{--disable-tls}. This can happen if
1003 the assembler supports TLS but the C library does not, or if the
1004 assumptions made by the configure test are incorrect.
1005
1006 @item --disable-tls
1007 Specify that the target does not support TLS.
1008 This is an alias for @option{--enable-tls=no}.
1009
1010 @item --with-cpu=@var{cpu}
1011 Specify which cpu variant the compiler should generate code for by default.
1012 @var{cpu} will be used as the default value of the @option{-mcpu=} switch.
1013 This option is only supported on some targets, including ARM, i386, M68k,
1014 PowerPC, and SPARC@.
1015
1016 @item --with-schedule=@var{cpu}
1017 @itemx --with-arch=@var{cpu}
1018 @itemx --with-tune=@var{cpu}
1019 @itemx --with-abi=@var{abi}
1020 @itemx --with-fpu=@var{type}
1021 @itemx --with-float=@var{type}
1022 These configure options provide default values for the @option{-mschedule=},
1023 @option{-march=}, @option{-mtune=}, @option{-mabi=}, and @option{-mfpu=}
1024 options and for @option{-mhard-float} or @option{-msoft-float}. As with
1025 @option{--with-cpu}, which switches will be accepted and acceptable values
1026 of the arguments depend on the target.
1027
1028 @item --with-mode=@var{mode}
1029 Specify if the compiler should default to @option{-marm} or @option{-mthumb}.
1030 This option is only supported on ARM targets.
1031
1032 @item --with-divide=@var{type}
1033 Specify how the compiler should generate code for checking for
1034 division by zero. This option is only supported on the MIPS target.
1035 The possibilities for @var{type} are:
1036 @table @code
1037 @item traps
1038 Division by zero checks use conditional traps (this is the default on
1039 systems that support conditional traps).
1040 @item breaks
1041 Division by zero checks use the break instruction.
1042 @end table
1043
1044 @item --enable-__cxa_atexit
1045 Define if you want to use __cxa_atexit, rather than atexit, to
1046 register C++ destructors for local statics and global objects.
1047 This is essential for fully standards-compliant handling of
1048 destructors, but requires __cxa_atexit in libc. This option is currently
1049 only available on systems with GNU libc. When enabled, this will cause
1050 @option{-fuse-cxa-exit} to be passed by default.
1051
1052 @item --enable-target-optspace
1053 Specify that target
1054 libraries should be optimized for code space instead of code speed.
1055 This is the default for the m32r platform.
1056
1057 @item --disable-cpp
1058 Specify that a user visible @command{cpp} program should not be installed.
1059
1060 @item --with-cpp-install-dir=@var{dirname}
1061 Specify that the user visible @command{cpp} program should be installed
1062 in @file{@var{prefix}/@var{dirname}/cpp}, in addition to @var{bindir}.
1063
1064 @item --enable-initfini-array
1065 Force the use of sections @code{.init_array} and @code{.fini_array}
1066 (instead of @code{.init} and @code{.fini}) for constructors and
1067 destructors. Option @option{--disable-initfini-array} has the
1068 opposite effect. If neither option is specified, the configure script
1069 will try to guess whether the @code{.init_array} and
1070 @code{.fini_array} sections are supported and, if they are, use them.
1071
1072 @item --enable-maintainer-mode
1073 The build rules that
1074 regenerate the GCC master message catalog @file{gcc.pot} are normally
1075 disabled. This is because it can only be rebuilt if the complete source
1076 tree is present. If you have changed the sources and want to rebuild the
1077 catalog, configuring with @option{--enable-maintainer-mode} will enable
1078 this. Note that you need a recent version of the @code{gettext} tools
1079 to do so.
1080
1081 @item --disable-bootstrap
1082 For a native build, the default configuration is to perform
1083 a 3-stage bootstrap of the compiler when @samp{make} is invoked,
1084 testing that GCC can compile itself correctly. If you want to disable
1085 this process, you can configure with @option{--disable-bootstrap}.
1086
1087 @item --enable-bootstrap
1088 In special cases, you may want to perform a 3-stage build
1089 even if the target and host triplets are different.
1090 This could happen when the host can run code compiled for
1091 the target (e.g.@: host is i686-linux, target is i486-linux).
1092 Starting from GCC 4.2, to do this you have to configure explicitly
1093 with @option{--enable-bootstrap}.
1094
1095 @item --enable-generated-files-in-srcdir
1096 Neither the .c and .h files that are generated from Bison and flex nor the
1097 info manuals and man pages that are built from the .texi files are present
1098 in the SVN development tree. When building GCC from that development tree,
1099 or from one of our snapshots, those generated files are placed in your
1100 build directory, which allows for the source to be in a readonly
1101 directory.
1102
1103 If you configure with @option{--enable-generated-files-in-srcdir} then those
1104 generated files will go into the source directory. This is mainly intended
1105 for generating release or prerelease tarballs of the GCC sources, since it
1106 is not a requirement that the users of source releases to have flex, Bison,
1107 or makeinfo.
1108
1109 @item --enable-version-specific-runtime-libs
1110 Specify
1111 that runtime libraries should be installed in the compiler specific
1112 subdirectory (@file{@var{libdir}/gcc}) rather than the usual places. In
1113 addition, @samp{libstdc++}'s include files will be installed into
1114 @file{@var{libdir}} unless you overruled it by using
1115 @option{--with-gxx-include-dir=@var{dirname}}. Using this option is
1116 particularly useful if you intend to use several versions of GCC in
1117 parallel. This is currently supported by @samp{libgfortran},
1118 @samp{libjava}, @samp{libmudflap}, @samp{libstdc++}, and @samp{libobjc}.
1119
1120 @item --enable-languages=@var{lang1},@var{lang2},@dots{}
1121 Specify that only a particular subset of compilers and
1122 their runtime libraries should be built. For a list of valid values for
1123 @var{langN} you can issue the following command in the
1124 @file{gcc} directory of your GCC source tree:@*
1125 @smallexample
1126 grep language= */config-lang.in
1127 @end smallexample
1128 Currently, you can use any of the following:
1129 @code{all}, @code{ada}, @code{c}, @code{c++}, @code{fortran}, @code{java},
1130 @code{objc}, @code{obj-c++}, @code{treelang}.
1131 Building the Ada compiler has special requirements, see below.
1132 If you do not pass this flag, or specify the option @code{all}, then all
1133 default languages available in the @file{gcc} sub-tree will be configured.
1134 Ada, Objective-C++, and treelang are not default languages; the rest are.
1135 Re-defining @code{LANGUAGES} when calling @samp{make} @strong{does not}
1136 work anymore, as those language sub-directories might not have been
1137 configured!
1138
1139 @item --enable-stage1-languages=@var{lang1},@var{lang2},@dots{}
1140 Specify that a particular subset of compilers and their runtime
1141 libraries should be built with the system C compiler during stage 1 of
1142 the bootstrap process, rather than only in later stages with the
1143 bootstrapped C compiler. The list of valid values is the same as for
1144 @option{--enable-languages}, and the option @code{all} will select all
1145 of the languages enabled by @option{--enable-languages}. This option is
1146 primarily useful for GCC development; for instance, when a development
1147 version of the compiler cannot bootstrap due to compiler bugs, or when
1148 one is debugging front ends other than the C front end. When this
1149 option is used, one can then build the target libraries for the
1150 specified languages with the stage-1 compiler by using @command{make
1151 stage1-bubble all-target}, or run the testsuite on the stage-1 compiler
1152 for the specified languages using @command{make stage1-start check-gcc}.
1153
1154 @item --disable-libada
1155 Specify that the run-time libraries and tools used by GNAT should not
1156 be built. This can be useful for debugging, or for compatibility with
1157 previous Ada build procedures, when it was required to explicitly
1158 do a @samp{make -C gcc gnatlib_and_tools}.
1159
1160 @item --disable-libssp
1161 Specify that the run-time libraries for stack smashing protection
1162 should not be built.
1163
1164 @item --disable-libgomp
1165 Specify that the run-time libraries used by GOMP should not be built.
1166
1167 @item --with-dwarf2
1168 Specify that the compiler should
1169 use DWARF 2 debugging information as the default.
1170
1171 @item --enable-targets=all
1172 @itemx --enable-targets=@var{target_list}
1173 Some GCC targets, e.g.@: powerpc64-linux, build bi-arch compilers.
1174 These are compilers that are able to generate either 64-bit or 32-bit
1175 code. Typically, the corresponding 32-bit target, e.g.@:
1176 powerpc-linux for powerpc64-linux, only generates 32-bit code. This
1177 option enables the 32-bit target to be a bi-arch compiler, which is
1178 useful when you want a bi-arch compiler that defaults to 32-bit, and
1179 you are building a bi-arch or multi-arch binutils in a combined tree.
1180 Currently, this option only affects powerpc-linux and x86-linux.
1181
1182 @item --enable-secureplt
1183 This option enables @option{-msecure-plt} by default for powerpc-linux.
1184 @ifnothtml
1185 @xref{RS/6000 and PowerPC Options,, RS/6000 and PowerPC Options, gcc,
1186 Using the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)},
1187 @end ifnothtml
1188 @ifhtml
1189 See ``RS/6000 and PowerPC Options'' in the main manual
1190 @end ifhtml
1191
1192 @item --enable-win32-registry
1193 @itemx --enable-win32-registry=@var{key}
1194 @itemx --disable-win32-registry
1195 The @option{--enable-win32-registry} option enables Microsoft Windows-hosted GCC
1196 to look up installations paths in the registry using the following key:
1197
1198 @smallexample
1199 @code{HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Free Software Foundation\@var{key}}
1200 @end smallexample
1201
1202 @var{key} defaults to GCC version number, and can be overridden by the
1203 @option{--enable-win32-registry=@var{key}} option. Vendors and distributors
1204 who use custom installers are encouraged to provide a different key,
1205 perhaps one comprised of vendor name and GCC version number, to
1206 avoid conflict with existing installations. This feature is enabled
1207 by default, and can be disabled by @option{--disable-win32-registry}
1208 option. This option has no effect on the other hosts.
1209
1210 @item --nfp
1211 Specify that the machine does not have a floating point unit. This
1212 option only applies to @samp{m68k-sun-sunos@var{n}}. On any other
1213 system, @option{--nfp} has no effect.
1214
1215 @item --enable-werror
1216 @itemx --disable-werror
1217 @itemx --enable-werror=yes
1218 @itemx --enable-werror=no
1219 When you specify this option, it controls whether certain files in the
1220 compiler are built with @option{-Werror} in bootstrap stage2 and later.
1221 If you don't specify it, @option{-Werror} is turned on for the main
1222 development trunk. However it defaults to off for release branches and
1223 final releases. The specific files which get @option{-Werror} are
1224 controlled by the Makefiles.
1225
1226 @item --enable-checking
1227 @itemx --enable-checking=@var{list}
1228 When you specify this option, the compiler is built to perform internal
1229 consistency checks of the requested complexity. This does not change the
1230 generated code, but adds error checking within the compiler. This will
1231 slow down the compiler and may only work properly if you are building
1232 the compiler with GCC@. This is @samp{yes} by default when building
1233 from SVN or snapshots, but @samp{release} for releases. More control
1234 over the checks may be had by specifying @var{list}. The categories of
1235 checks available are @samp{yes} (most common checks
1236 @samp{assert,misc,tree,gc,rtlflag,runtime}), @samp{no} (no checks at
1237 all), @samp{all} (all but @samp{valgrind}), @samp{release} (cheapest
1238 checks @samp{assert,runtime}) or @samp{none} (same as @samp{no}).
1239 Individual checks can be enabled with these flags @samp{assert},
1240 @samp{fold}, @samp{gc}, @samp{gcac} @samp{misc}, @samp{rtl},
1241 @samp{rtlflag}, @samp{runtime}, @samp{tree}, and @samp{valgrind}.
1242
1243 The @samp{valgrind} check requires the external @command{valgrind}
1244 simulator, available from @uref{http://valgrind.org/}. The
1245 @samp{rtl}, @samp{gcac} and @samp{valgrind} checks are very expensive.
1246 To disable all checking, @samp{--disable-checking} or
1247 @samp{--enable-checking=none} must be explicitly requested. Disabling
1248 assertions will make the compiler and runtime slightly faster but
1249 increase the risk of undetected internal errors causing wrong code to be
1250 generated.
1251
1252 @item --enable-coverage
1253 @itemx --enable-coverage=@var{level}
1254 With this option, the compiler is built to collect self coverage
1255 information, every time it is run. This is for internal development
1256 purposes, and only works when the compiler is being built with gcc. The
1257 @var{level} argument controls whether the compiler is built optimized or
1258 not, values are @samp{opt} and @samp{noopt}. For coverage analysis you
1259 want to disable optimization, for performance analysis you want to
1260 enable optimization. When coverage is enabled, the default level is
1261 without optimization.
1262
1263 @item --enable-gather-detailed-mem-stats
1264 When this option is specified more detailed information on memory
1265 allocation is gathered. This information is printed when using
1266 @option{-fmem-report}.
1267
1268 @item --with-gc
1269 @itemx --with-gc=@var{choice}
1270 With this option you can specify the garbage collector implementation
1271 used during the compilation process. @var{choice} can be one of
1272 @samp{page} and @samp{zone}, where @samp{page} is the default.
1273
1274 @item --enable-nls
1275 @itemx --disable-nls
1276 The @option{--enable-nls} option enables Native Language Support (NLS),
1277 which lets GCC output diagnostics in languages other than American
1278 English. Native Language Support is enabled by default if not doing a
1279 canadian cross build. The @option{--disable-nls} option disables NLS@.
1280
1281 @item --with-included-gettext
1282 If NLS is enabled, the @option{--with-included-gettext} option causes the build
1283 procedure to prefer its copy of GNU @command{gettext}.
1284
1285 @item --with-catgets
1286 If NLS is enabled, and if the host lacks @code{gettext} but has the
1287 inferior @code{catgets} interface, the GCC build procedure normally
1288 ignores @code{catgets} and instead uses GCC's copy of the GNU
1289 @code{gettext} library. The @option{--with-catgets} option causes the
1290 build procedure to use the host's @code{catgets} in this situation.
1291
1292 @item --with-libiconv-prefix=@var{dir}
1293 Search for libiconv header files in @file{@var{dir}/include} and
1294 libiconv library files in @file{@var{dir}/lib}.
1295
1296 @item --enable-obsolete
1297 Enable configuration for an obsoleted system. If you attempt to
1298 configure GCC for a system (build, host, or target) which has been
1299 obsoleted, and you do not specify this flag, configure will halt with an
1300 error message.
1301
1302 All support for systems which have been obsoleted in one release of GCC
1303 is removed entirely in the next major release, unless someone steps
1304 forward to maintain the port.
1305
1306 @item --enable-decimal-float
1307 @itemx --enable-decimal-float=yes
1308 @itemx --enable-decimal-float=no
1309 @itemx --enable-decimal-float=bid
1310 @itemx --enable-decimal-float=dpd
1311 @itemx --disable-decimal-float
1312 Enable (or disable) support for the C decimal floating point extension
1313 that is in the IEEE 754R extension to the IEEE754 floating point
1314 standard. This is enabled by default only on PowerPC, i386, and
1315 x86_64 GNU/Linux systems. Other systems may also support it, but
1316 require the user to specifically enable it. You can optionally
1317 control which decimal floating point format is used (either @samp{bid}
1318 or @samp{dpd}). The @samp{bid} (binary integer decimal) format is
1319 default on i386 and x86_64 systems, and the @samp{dpd} (densely packed
1320 decimal) format is default on PowerPC systems.
1321
1322 @item --with-long-double-128
1323 Specify if @code{long double} type should be 128-bit by default on selected
1324 GNU/Linux architectures. If using @code{--without-long-double-128},
1325 @code{long double} will be by default 64-bit, the same as @code{double} type.
1326 When neither of these configure options are used, the default will be
1327 128-bit @code{long double} when built against GNU C Library 2.4 and later,
1328 64-bit @code{long double} otherwise.
1329
1330 @item --with-gmp=@var{pathname}
1331 @itemx --with-gmp-include=@var{pathname}
1332 @itemx --with-gmp-lib=@var{pathname}
1333 @itemx --with-mpfr=@var{pathname}
1334 @itemx --with-mpfr-include=@var{pathname}
1335 @itemx --with-mpfr-lib=@var{pathname}
1336 If you do not have GMP (the GNU Multiple Precision library) and the
1337 MPFR Libraries installed in a standard location and you want to build
1338 GCC, you can explicitly specify the directory where they are installed
1339 (@samp{--with-gmp=@var{gmpinstalldir}},
1340 @samp{--with-mpfr=@var{mpfrinstalldir}}). The
1341 @option{--with-gmp=@var{gmpinstalldir}} option is shorthand for
1342 @option{--with-gmp-lib=@var{gmpinstalldir}/lib} and
1343 @option{--with-gmp-include=@var{gmpinstalldir}/include}. Likewise the
1344 @option{--with-mpfr=@var{mpfrinstalldir}} option is shorthand for
1345 @option{--with-mpfr-lib=@var{mpfrinstalldir}/lib} and
1346 @option{--with-mpfr-include=@var{mpfrinstalldir}/include}. If these
1347 shorthand assumptions are not correct, you can use the explicit
1348 include and lib options directly.
1349
1350 @end table
1351
1352 @subheading Cross-Compiler-Specific Options
1353 The following options only apply to building cross compilers.
1354 @table @code
1355 @item --with-sysroot
1356 @itemx --with-sysroot=@var{dir}
1357 Tells GCC to consider @var{dir} as the root of a tree that contains a
1358 (subset of) the root filesystem of the target operating system.
1359 Target system headers, libraries and run-time object files will be
1360 searched in there. The specified directory is not copied into the
1361 install tree, unlike the options @option{--with-headers} and
1362 @option{--with-libs} that this option obsoletes. The default value,
1363 in case @option{--with-sysroot} is not given an argument, is
1364 @option{$@{gcc_tooldir@}/sys-root}. If the specified directory is a
1365 subdirectory of @option{$@{exec_prefix@}}, then it will be found relative to
1366 the GCC binaries if the installation tree is moved.
1367
1368 @item --with-build-sysroot
1369 @itemx --with-build-sysroot=@var{dir}
1370 Tells GCC to consider @var{dir} as the system root (see
1371 @option{--with-sysroot}) while building target libraries, instead of
1372 the directory specified with @option{--with-sysroot}. This option is
1373 only useful when you are already using @option{--with-sysroot}. You
1374 can use @option{--with-build-sysroot} when you are configuring with
1375 @option{--prefix} set to a directory that is different from the one in
1376 which you are installing GCC and your target libraries.
1377
1378 This option affects the system root for the compiler used to build
1379 target libraries (which runs on the build system); it does not affect
1380 the compiler which is used to build GCC itself.
1381
1382 @item --with-headers
1383 @itemx --with-headers=@var{dir}
1384 Deprecated in favor of @option{--with-sysroot}.
1385 Specifies that target headers are available when building a cross compiler.
1386 The @var{dir} argument specifies a directory which has the target include
1387 files. These include files will be copied into the @file{gcc} install
1388 directory. @emph{This option with the @var{dir} argument is required} when
1389 building a cross compiler, if @file{@var{prefix}/@var{target}/sys-include}
1390 doesn't pre-exist. If @file{@var{prefix}/@var{target}/sys-include} does
1391 pre-exist, the @var{dir} argument may be omitted. @command{fixincludes}
1392 will be run on these files to make them compatible with GCC@.
1393
1394 @item --without-headers
1395 Tells GCC not use any target headers from a libc when building a cross
1396 compiler. When crossing to GNU/Linux, you need the headers so GCC
1397 can build the exception handling for libgcc.
1398
1399 @item --with-libs
1400 @itemx --with-libs=``@var{dir1} @var{dir2} @dots{} @var{dirN}''
1401 Deprecated in favor of @option{--with-sysroot}.
1402 Specifies a list of directories which contain the target runtime
1403 libraries. These libraries will be copied into the @file{gcc} install
1404 directory. If the directory list is omitted, this option has no
1405 effect.
1406
1407 @item --with-newlib
1408 Specifies that @samp{newlib} is
1409 being used as the target C library. This causes @code{__eprintf} to be
1410 omitted from @file{libgcc.a} on the assumption that it will be provided by
1411 @samp{newlib}.
1412
1413 @item --with-build-time-tools=@var{dir}
1414 Specifies where to find the set of target tools (assembler, linker, etc.)
1415 that will be used while building GCC itself. This option can be useful
1416 if the directory layouts are different between the system you are building
1417 GCC on, and the system where you will deploy it.
1418
1419 For example, on a @option{ia64-hp-hpux} system, you may have the GNU
1420 assembler and linker in @file{/usr/bin}, and the native tools in a
1421 different path, and build a toolchain that expects to find the
1422 native tools in @file{/usr/bin}.
1423
1424 When you use this option, you should ensure that @var{dir} includes
1425 @command{ar}, @command{as}, @command{ld}, @command{nm},
1426 @command{ranlib} and @command{strip} if necessary, and possibly
1427 @command{objdump}. Otherwise, GCC may use an inconsistent set of
1428 tools.
1429 @end table
1430
1431 @subheading Java-Specific Options
1432
1433 The following option applies to the build of the Java front end.
1434
1435 @table @code
1436 @item --disable-libgcj
1437 Specify that the run-time libraries
1438 used by GCJ should not be built. This is useful in case you intend
1439 to use GCJ with some other run-time, or you're going to install it
1440 separately, or it just happens not to build on your particular
1441 machine. In general, if the Java front end is enabled, the GCJ
1442 libraries will be enabled too, unless they're known to not work on
1443 the target platform. If GCJ is enabled but @samp{libgcj} isn't built, you
1444 may need to port it; in this case, before modifying the top-level
1445 @file{configure.in} so that @samp{libgcj} is enabled by default on this platform,
1446 you may use @option{--enable-libgcj} to override the default.
1447
1448 @end table
1449
1450 The following options apply to building @samp{libgcj}.
1451
1452 @subsubheading General Options
1453
1454 @table @code
1455 @item --enable-java-maintainer-mode
1456 By default the @samp{libjava} build will not attempt to compile the
1457 @file{.java} source files to @file{.class}. Instead, it will use the
1458 @file{.class} files from the source tree. If you use this option you
1459 must have executables named @command{ecj1} and @command{gjavah} in your path
1460 for use by the build. You must use this option if you intend to
1461 modify any @file{.java} files in @file{libjava}.
1462
1463 @item --with-java-home=@var{dirname}
1464 This @samp{libjava} option overrides the default value of the
1465 @samp{java.home} system property. It is also used to set
1466 @samp{sun.boot.class.path} to @file{@var{dirname}/lib/rt.jar}. By
1467 default @samp{java.home} is set to @file{@var{prefix}} and
1468 @samp{sun.boot.class.path} to
1469 @file{@var{datadir}/java/libgcj-@var{version}.jar}.
1470
1471 @item --with-ecj-jar=@var{filename}
1472 This option can be used to specify the location of an external jar
1473 file containing the Eclipse Java compiler. A specially modified
1474 version of this compiler is used by @command{gcj} to parse
1475 @file{.java} source files. If this option is given, the
1476 @samp{libjava} build will create and install an @file{ecj1} executable
1477 which uses this jar file at runtime.
1478
1479 If this option is not given, but an @file{ecj.jar} file is found in
1480 the topmost source tree at configure time, then the @samp{libgcj}
1481 build will create and install @file{ecj1}, and will also install the
1482 discovered @file{ecj.jar} into a suitable place in the install tree.
1483
1484 If @file{ecj1} is not installed, then the user will have to supply one
1485 on his path in order for @command{gcj} to properly parse @file{.java}
1486 source files. A suitable jar is available from
1487 @uref{ftp://sourceware.org/pub/java/}.
1488
1489 @item --disable-getenv-properties
1490 Don't set system properties from @env{GCJ_PROPERTIES}.
1491
1492 @item --enable-hash-synchronization
1493 Use a global hash table for monitor locks. Ordinarily,
1494 @samp{libgcj}'s @samp{configure} script automatically makes
1495 the correct choice for this option for your platform. Only use
1496 this if you know you need the library to be configured differently.
1497
1498 @item --enable-interpreter
1499 Enable the Java interpreter. The interpreter is automatically
1500 enabled by default on all platforms that support it. This option
1501 is really only useful if you want to disable the interpreter
1502 (using @option{--disable-interpreter}).
1503
1504 @item --disable-java-net
1505 Disable java.net. This disables the native part of java.net only,
1506 using non-functional stubs for native method implementations.
1507
1508 @item --disable-jvmpi
1509 Disable JVMPI support.
1510
1511 @item --with-ecos
1512 Enable runtime eCos target support.
1513
1514 @item --without-libffi
1515 Don't use @samp{libffi}. This will disable the interpreter and JNI
1516 support as well, as these require @samp{libffi} to work.
1517
1518 @item --enable-libgcj-debug
1519 Enable runtime debugging code.
1520
1521 @item --enable-libgcj-multifile
1522 If specified, causes all @file{.java} source files to be
1523 compiled into @file{.class} files in one invocation of
1524 @samp{gcj}. This can speed up build time, but is more
1525 resource-intensive. If this option is unspecified or
1526 disabled, @samp{gcj} is invoked once for each @file{.java}
1527 file to compile into a @file{.class} file.
1528
1529 @item --with-libiconv-prefix=DIR
1530 Search for libiconv in @file{DIR/include} and @file{DIR/lib}.
1531
1532 @item --enable-sjlj-exceptions
1533 Force use of the @code{setjmp}/@code{longjmp}-based scheme for exceptions.
1534 @samp{configure} ordinarily picks the correct value based on the platform.
1535 Only use this option if you are sure you need a different setting.
1536
1537 @item --with-system-zlib
1538 Use installed @samp{zlib} rather than that included with GCC@.
1539
1540 @item --with-win32-nlsapi=ansi, unicows or unicode
1541 Indicates how MinGW @samp{libgcj} translates between UNICODE
1542 characters and the Win32 API@.
1543 @table @code
1544 @item ansi
1545 Use the single-byte @code{char} and the Win32 A functions natively,
1546 translating to and from UNICODE when using these functions. If
1547 unspecified, this is the default.
1548
1549 @item unicows
1550 Use the @code{WCHAR} and Win32 W functions natively. Adds
1551 @code{-lunicows} to @file{libgcj.spec} to link with @samp{libunicows}.
1552 @file{unicows.dll} needs to be deployed on Microsoft Windows 9X machines
1553 running built executables. @file{libunicows.a}, an open-source
1554 import library around Microsoft's @code{unicows.dll}, is obtained from
1555 @uref{http://libunicows.sourceforge.net/}, which also gives details
1556 on getting @file{unicows.dll} from Microsoft.
1557
1558 @item unicode
1559 Use the @code{WCHAR} and Win32 W functions natively. Does @emph{not}
1560 add @code{-lunicows} to @file{libgcj.spec}. The built executables will
1561 only run on Microsoft Windows NT and above.
1562 @end table
1563 @end table
1564
1565 @subsubheading AWT-Specific Options
1566
1567 @table @code
1568 @item --with-x
1569 Use the X Window System.
1570
1571 @item --enable-java-awt=PEER(S)
1572 Specifies the AWT peer library or libraries to build alongside
1573 @samp{libgcj}. If this option is unspecified or disabled, AWT
1574 will be non-functional. Current valid values are @option{gtk} and
1575 @option{xlib}. Multiple libraries should be separated by a
1576 comma (i.e.@: @option{--enable-java-awt=gtk,xlib}).
1577
1578 @item --enable-gtk-cairo
1579 Build the cairo Graphics2D implementation on GTK@.
1580
1581 @item --enable-java-gc=TYPE
1582 Choose garbage collector. Defaults to @option{boehm} if unspecified.
1583
1584 @item --disable-gtktest
1585 Do not try to compile and run a test GTK+ program.
1586
1587 @item --disable-glibtest
1588 Do not try to compile and run a test GLIB program.
1589
1590 @item --with-libart-prefix=PFX
1591 Prefix where libart is installed (optional).
1592
1593 @item --with-libart-exec-prefix=PFX
1594 Exec prefix where libart is installed (optional).
1595
1596 @item --disable-libarttest
1597 Do not try to compile and run a test libart program.
1598
1599 @end table
1600
1601 @html
1602 <hr />
1603 <p>
1604 @end html
1605 @ifhtml
1606 @uref{./index.html,,Return to the GCC Installation page}
1607 @end ifhtml
1608 @end ifset
1609
1610 @c ***Building****************************************************************
1611 @ifnothtml
1612 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
1613 @node Building, Testing, Configuration, Installing GCC
1614 @end ifnothtml
1615 @ifset buildhtml
1616 @ifnothtml
1617 @chapter Building
1618 @end ifnothtml
1619 @cindex Installing GCC: Building
1620
1621 Now that GCC is configured, you are ready to build the compiler and
1622 runtime libraries.
1623
1624 Some commands executed when making the compiler may fail (return a
1625 nonzero status) and be ignored by @command{make}. These failures, which
1626 are often due to files that were not found, are expected, and can safely
1627 be ignored.
1628
1629 It is normal to have compiler warnings when compiling certain files.
1630 Unless you are a GCC developer, you can generally ignore these warnings
1631 unless they cause compilation to fail. Developers should attempt to fix
1632 any warnings encountered, however they can temporarily continue past
1633 warnings-as-errors by specifying the configure flag
1634 @option{--disable-werror}.
1635
1636 On certain old systems, defining certain environment variables such as
1637 @env{CC} can interfere with the functioning of @command{make}.
1638
1639 If you encounter seemingly strange errors when trying to build the
1640 compiler in a directory other than the source directory, it could be
1641 because you have previously configured the compiler in the source
1642 directory. Make sure you have done all the necessary preparations.
1643
1644 If you build GCC on a BSD system using a directory stored in an old System
1645 V file system, problems may occur in running @command{fixincludes} if the
1646 System V file system doesn't support symbolic links. These problems
1647 result in a failure to fix the declaration of @code{size_t} in
1648 @file{sys/types.h}. If you find that @code{size_t} is a signed type and
1649 that type mismatches occur, this could be the cause.
1650
1651 The solution is not to use such a directory for building GCC@.
1652
1653 When building from SVN or snapshots, or if you modify parser sources,
1654 you need the Bison parser generator installed. If you do not modify
1655 parser sources, releases contain the Bison-generated files and you do
1656 not need Bison installed to build them.
1657
1658 When building from SVN or snapshots, or if you modify Texinfo
1659 documentation, you need version 4.4 or later of Texinfo installed if you
1660 want Info documentation to be regenerated. Releases contain Info
1661 documentation pre-built for the unmodified documentation in the release.
1662
1663 @section Building a native compiler
1664
1665 For a native build, the default configuration is to perform
1666 a 3-stage bootstrap of the compiler when @samp{make} is invoked.
1667 This will build the entire GCC system and ensure that it compiles
1668 itself correctly. It can be disabled with the @option{--disable-bootstrap}
1669 parameter to @samp{configure}, but bootstrapping is suggested because
1670 the compiler will be tested more completely and could also have
1671 better performance.
1672
1673 The bootstrapping process will complete the following steps:
1674
1675 @itemize @bullet
1676 @item
1677 Build tools necessary to build the compiler.
1678
1679 @item
1680 Perform a 3-stage bootstrap of the compiler. This includes building
1681 three times the target tools for use by the compiler such as binutils
1682 (bfd, binutils, gas, gprof, ld, and opcodes) if they have been
1683 individually linked or moved into the top level GCC source tree before
1684 configuring.
1685
1686 @item
1687 Perform a comparison test of the stage2 and stage3 compilers.
1688
1689 @item
1690 Build runtime libraries using the stage3 compiler from the previous step.
1691
1692 @end itemize
1693
1694 If you are short on disk space you might consider @samp{make
1695 bootstrap-lean} instead. The sequence of compilation is the
1696 same described above, but object files from the stage1 and
1697 stage2 of the 3-stage bootstrap of the compiler are deleted as
1698 soon as they are no longer needed.
1699
1700 If you want to save additional space during the bootstrap and in
1701 the final installation as well, you can build the compiler binaries
1702 without debugging information as in the following example. This will save
1703 roughly 40% of disk space both for the bootstrap and the final installation.
1704 (Libraries will still contain debugging information.)
1705
1706 @smallexample
1707 make CFLAGS='-O' LIBCFLAGS='-g -O2' \
1708 LIBCXXFLAGS='-g -O2 -fno-implicit-templates' bootstrap
1709 @end smallexample
1710
1711 If you wish to use non-default GCC flags when compiling the stage2 and
1712 stage3 compilers, set @code{BOOT_CFLAGS} on the command line when doing
1713 @samp{make}. Non-default optimization flags are less well
1714 tested here than the default of @samp{-g -O2}, but should still work.
1715 In a few cases, you may find that you need to specify special flags such
1716 as @option{-msoft-float} here to complete the bootstrap; or, if the
1717 native compiler miscompiles the stage1 compiler, you may need to work
1718 around this, by choosing @code{BOOT_CFLAGS} to avoid the parts of the
1719 stage1 compiler that were miscompiled, or by using @samp{make
1720 bootstrap4} to increase the number of stages of bootstrap.
1721
1722 Note that using non-standard @code{CFLAGS} can cause bootstrap to fail
1723 if these trigger a warning with the new compiler. For example using
1724 @samp{-O2 -g -mcpu=i686} on @code{i686-pc-linux-gnu} will cause bootstrap
1725 failure as @option{-mcpu=} is deprecated in 3.4.0 and above.
1726
1727
1728 If you used the flag @option{--enable-languages=@dots{}} to restrict
1729 the compilers to be built, only those you've actually enabled will be
1730 built. This will of course only build those runtime libraries, for
1731 which the particular compiler has been built. Please note,
1732 that re-defining @env{LANGUAGES} when calling @samp{make}
1733 @strong{does not} work anymore!
1734
1735 If the comparison of stage2 and stage3 fails, this normally indicates
1736 that the stage2 compiler has compiled GCC incorrectly, and is therefore
1737 a potentially serious bug which you should investigate and report. (On
1738 a few systems, meaningful comparison of object files is impossible; they
1739 always appear ``different''. If you encounter this problem, you will
1740 need to disable comparison in the @file{Makefile}.)
1741
1742 If you do not want to bootstrap your compiler, you can configure with
1743 @option{--disable-bootstrap}. In particular cases, you may want to
1744 bootstrap your compiler even if the target system is not the same as
1745 the one you are building on: for example, you could build a
1746 @code{powerpc-unknown-linux-gnu} toolchain on a
1747 @code{powerpc64-unknown-linux-gnu} host. In this case, pass
1748 @option{--enable-bootstrap} to the configure script.
1749
1750
1751 @section Building a cross compiler
1752
1753 When building a cross compiler, it is not generally possible to do a
1754 3-stage bootstrap of the compiler. This makes for an interesting problem
1755 as parts of GCC can only be built with GCC@.
1756
1757 To build a cross compiler, we first recommend building and installing a
1758 native compiler. You can then use the native GCC compiler to build the
1759 cross compiler. The installed native compiler needs to be GCC version
1760 2.95 or later.
1761
1762 Assuming you have already installed a native copy of GCC and configured
1763 your cross compiler, issue the command @command{make}, which performs the
1764 following steps:
1765
1766 @itemize @bullet
1767 @item
1768 Build host tools necessary to build the compiler.
1769
1770 @item
1771 Build target tools for use by the compiler such as binutils (bfd,
1772 binutils, gas, gprof, ld, and opcodes)
1773 if they have been individually linked or moved into the top level GCC source
1774 tree before configuring.
1775
1776 @item
1777 Build the compiler (single stage only).
1778
1779 @item
1780 Build runtime libraries using the compiler from the previous step.
1781 @end itemize
1782
1783 Note that if an error occurs in any step the make process will exit.
1784
1785 If you are not building GNU binutils in the same source tree as GCC,
1786 you will need a cross-assembler and cross-linker installed before
1787 configuring GCC@. Put them in the directory
1788 @file{@var{prefix}/@var{target}/bin}. Here is a table of the tools
1789 you should put in this directory:
1790
1791 @table @file
1792 @item as
1793 This should be the cross-assembler.
1794
1795 @item ld
1796 This should be the cross-linker.
1797
1798 @item ar
1799 This should be the cross-archiver: a program which can manipulate
1800 archive files (linker libraries) in the target machine's format.
1801
1802 @item ranlib
1803 This should be a program to construct a symbol table in an archive file.
1804 @end table
1805
1806 The installation of GCC will find these programs in that directory,
1807 and copy or link them to the proper place to for the cross-compiler to
1808 find them when run later.
1809
1810 The easiest way to provide these files is to build the Binutils package.
1811 Configure it with the same @option{--host} and @option{--target}
1812 options that you use for configuring GCC, then build and install
1813 them. They install their executables automatically into the proper
1814 directory. Alas, they do not support all the targets that GCC
1815 supports.
1816
1817 If you are not building a C library in the same source tree as GCC,
1818 you should also provide the target libraries and headers before
1819 configuring GCC, specifying the directories with
1820 @option{--with-sysroot} or @option{--with-headers} and
1821 @option{--with-libs}. Many targets also require ``start files'' such
1822 as @file{crt0.o} and
1823 @file{crtn.o} which are linked into each executable. There may be several
1824 alternatives for @file{crt0.o}, for use with profiling or other
1825 compilation options. Check your target's definition of
1826 @code{STARTFILE_SPEC} to find out what start files it uses.
1827
1828 @section Building in parallel
1829
1830 GNU Make 3.79 and above, which is necessary to build GCC, support
1831 building in parallel. To activate this, you can use @samp{make -j 2}
1832 instead of @samp{make}. You can also specify a bigger number, and
1833 in most cases using a value greater than the number of processors in
1834 your machine will result in fewer and shorter I/O latency hits, thus
1835 improving overall throughput; this is especially true for slow drives
1836 and network filesystems.
1837
1838 @section Building the Ada compiler
1839
1840 In order to build GNAT, the Ada compiler, you need a working GNAT
1841 compiler (GNAT version 3.14 or later, or GCC version 3.1 or later).
1842 This includes GNAT tools such as @command{gnatmake} and
1843 @command{gnatlink}, since the Ada front end is written in Ada and
1844 uses some GNAT-specific extensions.
1845
1846 In order to build a cross compiler, it is suggested to install
1847 the new compiler as native first, and then use it to build the cross
1848 compiler.
1849
1850 @command{configure} does not test whether the GNAT installation works
1851 and has a sufficiently recent version; if too old a GNAT version is
1852 installed, the build will fail unless @option{--enable-languages} is
1853 used to disable building the Ada front end.
1854
1855 @section Building with profile feedback
1856
1857 It is possible to use profile feedback to optimize the compiler itself. This
1858 should result in a faster compiler binary. Experiments done on x86 using gcc
1859 3.3 showed approximately 7 percent speedup on compiling C programs. To
1860 bootstrap the compiler with profile feedback, use @code{make profiledbootstrap}.
1861
1862 When @samp{make profiledbootstrap} is run, it will first build a @code{stage1}
1863 compiler. This compiler is used to build a @code{stageprofile} compiler
1864 instrumented to collect execution counts of instruction and branch
1865 probabilities. Then runtime libraries are compiled with profile collected.
1866 Finally a @code{stagefeedback} compiler is built using the information collected.
1867
1868 Unlike standard bootstrap, several additional restrictions apply. The
1869 compiler used to build @code{stage1} needs to support a 64-bit integral type.
1870 It is recommended to only use GCC for this. Also parallel make is currently
1871 not supported since collisions in profile collecting may occur.
1872
1873 @html
1874 <hr />
1875 <p>
1876 @end html
1877 @ifhtml
1878 @uref{./index.html,,Return to the GCC Installation page}
1879 @end ifhtml
1880 @end ifset
1881
1882 @c ***Testing*****************************************************************
1883 @ifnothtml
1884 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
1885 @node Testing, Final install, Building, Installing GCC
1886 @end ifnothtml
1887 @ifset testhtml
1888 @ifnothtml
1889 @chapter Installing GCC: Testing
1890 @end ifnothtml
1891 @cindex Testing
1892 @cindex Installing GCC: Testing
1893 @cindex Testsuite
1894
1895 Before you install GCC, we encourage you to run the testsuites and to
1896 compare your results with results from a similar configuration that have
1897 been submitted to the
1898 @uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-testresults/,,gcc-testresults mailing list}.
1899 Some of these archived results are linked from the build status lists
1900 at @uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/buildstat.html}, although not everyone who
1901 reports a successful build runs the testsuites and submits the results.
1902 This step is optional and may require you to download additional software,
1903 but it can give you confidence in your new GCC installation or point out
1904 problems before you install and start using your new GCC@.
1905
1906 First, you must have @uref{download.html,,downloaded the testsuites}.
1907 These are part of the full distribution, but if you downloaded the
1908 ``core'' compiler plus any front ends, you must download the testsuites
1909 separately.
1910
1911 Second, you must have the testing tools installed. This includes
1912 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/dejagnu/,,DejaGnu}, Tcl, and Expect;
1913 the DejaGnu site has links to these.
1914
1915 If the directories where @command{runtest} and @command{expect} were
1916 installed are not in the @env{PATH}, you may need to set the following
1917 environment variables appropriately, as in the following example (which
1918 assumes that DejaGnu has been installed under @file{/usr/local}):
1919
1920 @smallexample
1921 TCL_LIBRARY = /usr/local/share/tcl8.0
1922 DEJAGNULIBS = /usr/local/share/dejagnu
1923 @end smallexample
1924
1925 (On systems such as Cygwin, these paths are required to be actual
1926 paths, not mounts or links; presumably this is due to some lack of
1927 portability in the DejaGnu code.)
1928
1929
1930 Finally, you can run the testsuite (which may take a long time):
1931 @smallexample
1932 cd @var{objdir}; make -k check
1933 @end smallexample
1934
1935 This will test various components of GCC, such as compiler
1936 front ends and runtime libraries. While running the testsuite, DejaGnu
1937 might emit some harmless messages resembling
1938 @samp{WARNING: Couldn't find the global config file.} or
1939 @samp{WARNING: Couldn't find tool init file} that can be ignored.
1940
1941 @section How can you run the testsuite on selected tests?
1942
1943 In order to run sets of tests selectively, there are targets
1944 @samp{make check-gcc} and @samp{make check-g++}
1945 in the @file{gcc} subdirectory of the object directory. You can also
1946 just run @samp{make check} in a subdirectory of the object directory.
1947
1948
1949 A more selective way to just run all @command{gcc} execute tests in the
1950 testsuite is to use
1951
1952 @smallexample
1953 make check-gcc RUNTESTFLAGS="execute.exp @var{other-options}"
1954 @end smallexample
1955
1956 Likewise, in order to run only the @command{g++} ``old-deja'' tests in
1957 the testsuite with filenames matching @samp{9805*}, you would use
1958
1959 @smallexample
1960 make check-g++ RUNTESTFLAGS="old-deja.exp=9805* @var{other-options}"
1961 @end smallexample
1962
1963 The @file{*.exp} files are located in the testsuite directories of the GCC
1964 source, the most important ones being @file{compile.exp},
1965 @file{execute.exp}, @file{dg.exp} and @file{old-deja.exp}.
1966 To get a list of the possible @file{*.exp} files, pipe the
1967 output of @samp{make check} into a file and look at the
1968 @samp{Running @dots{} .exp} lines.
1969
1970 @section Passing options and running multiple testsuites
1971
1972 You can pass multiple options to the testsuite using the
1973 @samp{--target_board} option of DejaGNU, either passed as part of
1974 @samp{RUNTESTFLAGS}, or directly to @command{runtest} if you prefer to
1975 work outside the makefiles. For example,
1976
1977 @smallexample
1978 make check-g++ RUNTESTFLAGS="--target_board=unix/-O3/-fmerge-constants"
1979 @end smallexample
1980
1981 will run the standard @command{g++} testsuites (``unix'' is the target name
1982 for a standard native testsuite situation), passing
1983 @samp{-O3 -fmerge-constants} to the compiler on every test, i.e.,
1984 slashes separate options.
1985
1986 You can run the testsuites multiple times using combinations of options
1987 with a syntax similar to the brace expansion of popular shells:
1988
1989 @smallexample
1990 @dots{}"--target_board=arm-sim/@{-mhard-float,-msoft-float@}@{-O1,-O2,-O3,@}"
1991 @end smallexample
1992
1993 (Note the empty option caused by the trailing comma in the final group.)
1994 The following will run each testsuite eight times using the @samp{arm-sim}
1995 target, as if you had specified all possible combinations yourself:
1996
1997 @smallexample
1998 --target_board=arm-sim/-mhard-float/-O1
1999 --target_board=arm-sim/-mhard-float/-O2
2000 --target_board=arm-sim/-mhard-float/-O3
2001 --target_board=arm-sim/-mhard-float
2002 --target_board=arm-sim/-msoft-float/-O1
2003 --target_board=arm-sim/-msoft-float/-O2
2004 --target_board=arm-sim/-msoft-float/-O3
2005 --target_board=arm-sim/-msoft-float
2006 @end smallexample
2007
2008 They can be combined as many times as you wish, in arbitrary ways. This
2009 list:
2010
2011 @smallexample
2012 @dots{}"--target_board=unix/-Wextra@{-O3,-fno-strength-reduce@}@{-fomit-frame-pointer,@}"
2013 @end smallexample
2014
2015 will generate four combinations, all involving @samp{-Wextra}.
2016
2017 The disadvantage to this method is that the testsuites are run in serial,
2018 which is a waste on multiprocessor systems. For users with GNU Make and
2019 a shell which performs brace expansion, you can run the testsuites in
2020 parallel by having the shell perform the combinations and @command{make}
2021 do the parallel runs. Instead of using @samp{--target_board}, use a
2022 special makefile target:
2023
2024 @smallexample
2025 make -j@var{N} check-@var{testsuite}//@var{test-target}/@var{option1}/@var{option2}/@dots{}
2026 @end smallexample
2027
2028 For example,
2029
2030 @smallexample
2031 make -j3 check-gcc//sh-hms-sim/@{-m1,-m2,-m3,-m3e,-m4@}/@{,-nofpu@}
2032 @end smallexample
2033
2034 will run three concurrent ``make-gcc'' testsuites, eventually testing all
2035 ten combinations as described above. Note that this is currently only
2036 supported in the @file{gcc} subdirectory. (To see how this works, try
2037 typing @command{echo} before the example given here.)
2038
2039
2040 @section Additional testing for Java Class Libraries
2041
2042 The Java runtime tests can be executed via @samp{make check}
2043 in the @file{@var{target}/libjava/testsuite} directory in
2044 the build tree.
2045
2046 The @uref{http://sourceware.org/mauve/,,Mauve Project} provides
2047 a suite of tests for the Java Class Libraries. This suite can be run
2048 as part of libgcj testing by placing the Mauve tree within the libjava
2049 testsuite at @file{libjava/testsuite/libjava.mauve/mauve}, or by
2050 specifying the location of that tree when invoking @samp{make}, as in
2051 @samp{make MAUVEDIR=~/mauve check}.
2052
2053 @section How to interpret test results
2054
2055 The result of running the testsuite are various @file{*.sum} and @file{*.log}
2056 files in the testsuite subdirectories. The @file{*.log} files contain a
2057 detailed log of the compiler invocations and the corresponding
2058 results, the @file{*.sum} files summarize the results. These summaries
2059 contain status codes for all tests:
2060
2061 @itemize @bullet
2062 @item
2063 PASS: the test passed as expected
2064 @item
2065 XPASS: the test unexpectedly passed
2066 @item
2067 FAIL: the test unexpectedly failed
2068 @item
2069 XFAIL: the test failed as expected
2070 @item
2071 UNSUPPORTED: the test is not supported on this platform
2072 @item
2073 ERROR: the testsuite detected an error
2074 @item
2075 WARNING: the testsuite detected a possible problem
2076 @end itemize
2077
2078 It is normal for some tests to report unexpected failures. At the
2079 current time the testing harness does not allow fine grained control
2080 over whether or not a test is expected to fail. This problem should
2081 be fixed in future releases.
2082
2083
2084 @section Submitting test results
2085
2086 If you want to report the results to the GCC project, use the
2087 @file{contrib/test_summary} shell script. Start it in the @var{objdir} with
2088
2089 @smallexample
2090 @var{srcdir}/contrib/test_summary -p your_commentary.txt \
2091 -m gcc-testresults@@gcc.gnu.org |sh
2092 @end smallexample
2093
2094 This script uses the @command{Mail} program to send the results, so
2095 make sure it is in your @env{PATH}. The file @file{your_commentary.txt} is
2096 prepended to the testsuite summary and should contain any special
2097 remarks you have on your results or your build environment. Please
2098 do not edit the testsuite result block or the subject line, as these
2099 messages may be automatically processed.
2100
2101 @html
2102 <hr />
2103 <p>
2104 @end html
2105 @ifhtml
2106 @uref{./index.html,,Return to the GCC Installation page}
2107 @end ifhtml
2108 @end ifset
2109
2110 @c ***Final install***********************************************************
2111 @ifnothtml
2112 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
2113 @node Final install, , Testing, Installing GCC
2114 @end ifnothtml
2115 @ifset finalinstallhtml
2116 @ifnothtml
2117 @chapter Installing GCC: Final installation
2118 @end ifnothtml
2119
2120 Now that GCC has been built (and optionally tested), you can install it with
2121 @smallexample
2122 cd @var{objdir}; make install
2123 @end smallexample
2124
2125 We strongly recommend to install into a target directory where there is
2126 no previous version of GCC present. Also, the GNAT runtime should not
2127 be stripped, as this would break certain features of the debugger that
2128 depend on this debugging information (catching Ada exceptions for
2129 instance).
2130
2131 That step completes the installation of GCC; user level binaries can
2132 be found in @file{@var{prefix}/bin} where @var{prefix} is the value
2133 you specified with the @option{--prefix} to configure (or
2134 @file{/usr/local} by default). (If you specified @option{--bindir},
2135 that directory will be used instead; otherwise, if you specified
2136 @option{--exec-prefix}, @file{@var{exec-prefix}/bin} will be used.)
2137 Headers for the C++ and Java libraries are installed in
2138 @file{@var{prefix}/include}; libraries in @file{@var{libdir}}
2139 (normally @file{@var{prefix}/lib}); internal parts of the compiler in
2140 @file{@var{libdir}/gcc} and @file{@var{libexecdir}/gcc}; documentation
2141 in info format in @file{@var{infodir}} (normally
2142 @file{@var{prefix}/info}).
2143
2144 When installing cross-compilers, GCC's executables
2145 are not only installed into @file{@var{bindir}}, that
2146 is, @file{@var{exec-prefix}/bin}, but additionally into
2147 @file{@var{exec-prefix}/@var{target-alias}/bin}, if that directory
2148 exists. Typically, such @dfn{tooldirs} hold target-specific
2149 binutils, including assembler and linker.
2150
2151 Installation into a temporary staging area or into a @command{chroot}
2152 jail can be achieved with the command
2153
2154 @smallexample
2155 make DESTDIR=@var{path-to-rootdir} install
2156 @end smallexample
2157
2158 @noindent where @var{path-to-rootdir} is the absolute path of
2159 a directory relative to which all installation paths will be
2160 interpreted. Note that the directory specified by @code{DESTDIR}
2161 need not exist yet; it will be created if necessary.
2162
2163 There is a subtle point with tooldirs and @code{DESTDIR}:
2164 If you relocate a cross-compiler installation with
2165 e.g.@: @samp{DESTDIR=@var{rootdir}}, then the directory
2166 @file{@var{rootdir}/@var{exec-prefix}/@var{target-alias}/bin} will
2167 be filled with duplicated GCC executables only if it already exists,
2168 it will not be created otherwise. This is regarded as a feature,
2169 not as a bug, because it gives slightly more control to the packagers
2170 using the @code{DESTDIR} feature.
2171
2172 If you are bootstrapping a released version of GCC then please
2173 quickly review the build status page for your release, available from
2174 @uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/buildstat.html}.
2175 If your system is not listed for the version of GCC that you built,
2176 send a note to
2177 @email{gcc@@gcc.gnu.org} indicating
2178 that you successfully built and installed GCC@.
2179 Include the following information:
2180
2181 @itemize @bullet
2182 @item
2183 Output from running @file{@var{srcdir}/config.guess}. Do not send
2184 that file itself, just the one-line output from running it.
2185
2186 @item
2187 The output of @samp{gcc -v} for your newly installed @command{gcc}.
2188 This tells us which version of GCC you built and the options you passed to
2189 configure.
2190
2191 @item
2192 Whether you enabled all languages or a subset of them. If you used a
2193 full distribution then this information is part of the configure
2194 options in the output of @samp{gcc -v}, but if you downloaded the
2195 ``core'' compiler plus additional front ends then it isn't apparent
2196 which ones you built unless you tell us about it.
2197
2198 @item
2199 If the build was for GNU/Linux, also include:
2200 @itemize @bullet
2201 @item
2202 The distribution name and version (e.g., Red Hat 7.1 or Debian 2.2.3);
2203 this information should be available from @file{/etc/issue}.
2204
2205 @item
2206 The version of the Linux kernel, available from @samp{uname --version}
2207 or @samp{uname -a}.
2208
2209 @item
2210 The version of glibc you used; for RPM-based systems like Red Hat,
2211 Mandrake, and SuSE type @samp{rpm -q glibc} to get the glibc version,
2212 and on systems like Debian and Progeny use @samp{dpkg -l libc6}.
2213 @end itemize
2214 For other systems, you can include similar information if you think it is
2215 relevant.
2216
2217 @item
2218 Any other information that you think would be useful to people building
2219 GCC on the same configuration. The new entry in the build status list
2220 will include a link to the archived copy of your message.
2221 @end itemize
2222
2223 We'd also like to know if the
2224 @ifnothtml
2225 @ref{Specific, host/target specific installation notes}
2226 @end ifnothtml
2227 @ifhtml
2228 @uref{specific.html,,host/target specific installation notes}
2229 @end ifhtml
2230 didn't include your host/target information or if that information is
2231 incomplete or out of date. Send a note to
2232 @email{gcc@@gcc.gnu.org} detailing how the information should be changed.
2233
2234 If you find a bug, please report it following the
2235 @uref{../bugs.html,,bug reporting guidelines}.
2236
2237 If you want to print the GCC manuals, do @samp{cd @var{objdir}; make
2238 dvi}. You will need to have @command{texi2dvi} (version at least 4.4)
2239 and @TeX{} installed. This creates a number of @file{.dvi} files in
2240 subdirectories of @file{@var{objdir}}; these may be converted for
2241 printing with programs such as @command{dvips}. Alternately, by using
2242 @samp{make pdf} in place of @samp{make dvi}, you can create documentation
2243 in the form of @file{.pdf} files; this requires @command{texi2pdf}, which
2244 is included with Texinfo version 4.8 and later. You can also
2245 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html,,buy printed manuals from the
2246 Free Software Foundation}, though such manuals may not be for the most
2247 recent version of GCC@.
2248
2249 If you would like to generate online HTML documentation, do @samp{cd
2250 @var{objdir}; make html} and HTML will be generated for the gcc manuals in
2251 @file{@var{objdir}/gcc/HTML}.
2252
2253 @html
2254 <hr />
2255 <p>
2256 @end html
2257 @ifhtml
2258 @uref{./index.html,,Return to the GCC Installation page}
2259 @end ifhtml
2260 @end ifset
2261
2262 @c ***Binaries****************************************************************
2263 @ifnothtml
2264 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
2265 @node Binaries, Specific, Installing GCC, Top
2266 @end ifnothtml
2267 @ifset binarieshtml
2268 @ifnothtml
2269 @chapter Installing GCC: Binaries
2270 @end ifnothtml
2271 @cindex Binaries
2272 @cindex Installing GCC: Binaries
2273
2274 We are often asked about pre-compiled versions of GCC@. While we cannot
2275 provide these for all platforms, below you'll find links to binaries for
2276 various platforms where creating them by yourself is not easy due to various
2277 reasons.
2278
2279 Please note that we did not create these binaries, nor do we
2280 support them. If you have any problems installing them, please
2281 contact their makers.
2282
2283 @itemize
2284 @item
2285 AIX:
2286 @itemize
2287 @item
2288 @uref{http://www.bullfreeware.com,,Bull's Freeware and Shareware Archive for AIX};
2289
2290 @item
2291 @uref{http://aixpdslib.seas.ucla.edu,,UCLA Software Library for AIX}.
2292 @end itemize
2293
2294 @item
2295 DOS---@uref{http://www.delorie.com/djgpp/,,DJGPP}.
2296
2297 @item
2298 Renesas H8/300[HS]---@uref{http://h8300-hms.sourceforge.net/,,GNU
2299 Development Tools for the Renesas H8/300[HS] Series}.
2300
2301 @item
2302 HP-UX:
2303 @itemize
2304 @item
2305 @uref{http://hpux.cs.utah.edu/,,HP-UX Porting Center};
2306
2307 @item
2308 @uref{ftp://sunsite.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/pub/packages/gcc_hpux/,,Binaries for HP-UX 11.00 at Aachen University of Technology}.
2309 @end itemize
2310
2311 @item
2312 Motorola 68HC11/68HC12---@uref{http://www.gnu-m68hc11.org,,GNU
2313 Development Tools for the Motorola 68HC11/68HC12}.
2314
2315 @item
2316 @uref{http://www.sco.com/skunkware/devtools/index.html#gcc,,SCO
2317 OpenServer/Unixware}.
2318
2319 @item
2320 Solaris 2 (SPARC, Intel)---@uref{http://www.sunfreeware.com/,,Sunfreeware}.
2321
2322 @item
2323 SGI---@uref{http://freeware.sgi.com/,,SGI Freeware}.
2324
2325 @item
2326 Microsoft Windows:
2327 @itemize
2328 @item
2329 The @uref{http://sourceware.org/cygwin/,,Cygwin} project;
2330 @item
2331 The @uref{http://www.mingw.org/,,MinGW} project.
2332 @end itemize
2333
2334 @item
2335 @uref{ftp://ftp.thewrittenword.com/packages/by-name/,,The
2336 Written Word} offers binaries for
2337 AIX 4.3.2.
2338 IRIX 6.5,
2339 Digital UNIX 4.0D and 5.1,
2340 GNU/Linux (i386),
2341 HP-UX 10.20, 11.00, and 11.11, and
2342 Solaris/SPARC 2.5.1, 2.6, 7, 8, and 9.
2343
2344 @item
2345 @uref{http://www.openpkg.org/,,OpenPKG} offers binaries for quite a
2346 number of platforms.
2347
2348 @item
2349 The @uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/wiki/GFortranBinaries,,GFortran Wiki} has
2350 links to GNU Fortran binaries for several platforms.
2351 @end itemize
2352
2353 In addition to those specific offerings, you can get a binary
2354 distribution CD-ROM from the
2355 @uref{http://www.gnu.org/order/order.html,,Free Software Foundation}.
2356 It contains binaries for a number of platforms, and
2357 includes not only GCC, but other stuff as well. The current CD does
2358 not contain the latest version of GCC, but it should allow
2359 bootstrapping the compiler. An updated version of that disk is in the
2360 works.
2361
2362 @html
2363 <hr />
2364 <p>
2365 @end html
2366 @ifhtml
2367 @uref{./index.html,,Return to the GCC Installation page}
2368 @end ifhtml
2369 @end ifset
2370
2371 @c ***Specific****************************************************************
2372 @ifnothtml
2373 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
2374 @node Specific, Old, Binaries, Top
2375 @end ifnothtml
2376 @ifset specifichtml
2377 @ifnothtml
2378 @chapter Host/target specific installation notes for GCC
2379 @end ifnothtml
2380 @cindex Specific
2381 @cindex Specific installation notes
2382 @cindex Target specific installation
2383 @cindex Host specific installation
2384 @cindex Target specific installation notes
2385
2386 Please read this document carefully @emph{before} installing the
2387 GNU Compiler Collection on your machine.
2388
2389 Note that this list of install notes is @emph{not} a list of supported
2390 hosts or targets. Not all supported hosts and targets are listed
2391 here, only the ones that require host-specific or target-specific
2392 information are.
2393
2394 @ifhtml
2395 @itemize
2396 @item
2397 @uref{#alpha-x-x,,alpha*-*-*}
2398 @item
2399 @uref{#alpha-dec-osf,,alpha*-dec-osf*}
2400 @item
2401 @uref{#alphaev5-cray-unicosmk,,alphaev5-cray-unicosmk*}
2402 @item
2403 @uref{#arc-x-elf,,arc-*-elf}
2404 @item
2405 @uref{#arm-x-elf,,arm-*-elf}
2406 @uref{#arm-x-coff,,arm-*-coff}
2407 @uref{#arm-x-aout,,arm-*-aout}
2408 @item
2409 @uref{#xscale-x-x,,xscale-*-*}
2410 @item
2411 @uref{#avr,,avr}
2412 @item
2413 @uref{#bfin,,Blackfin}
2414 @item
2415 @uref{#c4x,,c4x}
2416 @item
2417 @uref{#dos,,DOS}
2418 @item
2419 @uref{#x-x-freebsd,,*-*-freebsd*}
2420 @item
2421 @uref{#h8300-hms,,h8300-hms}
2422 @item
2423 @uref{#hppa-hp-hpux,,hppa*-hp-hpux*}
2424 @item
2425 @uref{#hppa-hp-hpux10,,hppa*-hp-hpux10}
2426 @item
2427 @uref{#hppa-hp-hpux11,,hppa*-hp-hpux11}
2428 @item
2429 @uref{#x-x-linux-gnu,,*-*-linux-gnu}
2430 @item
2431 @uref{#ix86-x-linuxaout,,i?86-*-linux*aout}
2432 @item
2433 @uref{#ix86-x-linux,,i?86-*-linux*}
2434 @item
2435 @uref{#ix86-x-sco32v5,,i?86-*-sco3.2v5*}
2436 @item
2437 @uref{#ix86-x-solaris210,,i?86-*-solaris2.10}
2438 @item
2439 @uref{#ix86-x-udk,,i?86-*-udk}
2440 @item
2441 @uref{#ia64-x-linux,,ia64-*-linux}
2442 @item
2443 @uref{#ia64-x-hpux,,ia64-*-hpux*}
2444 @item
2445 @uref{#x-ibm-aix,,*-ibm-aix*}
2446 @item
2447 @uref{#iq2000-x-elf,,iq2000-*-elf}
2448 @item
2449 @uref{#m32c-x-elf,,m32c-*-elf}
2450 @item
2451 @uref{#m32r-x-elf,,m32r-*-elf}
2452 @item
2453 @uref{#m6811-elf,,m6811-elf}
2454 @item
2455 @uref{#m6812-elf,,m6812-elf}
2456 @item
2457 @uref{#m68k-x-x,,m68k-*-*}
2458 @item
2459 @uref{#m68k-hp-hpux,,m68k-hp-hpux}
2460 @item
2461 @uref{#m68k-uclinux,,m68k-uclinux}
2462 @item
2463 @uref{#mips-x-x,,mips-*-*}
2464 @item
2465 @uref{#mips-sgi-irix5,,mips-sgi-irix5}
2466 @item
2467 @uref{#mips-sgi-irix6,,mips-sgi-irix6}
2468 @item
2469 @uref{#powerpc-x-x,,powerpc*-*-*, powerpc-*-sysv4}
2470 @item
2471 @uref{#powerpc-x-darwin,,powerpc-*-darwin*}
2472 @item
2473 @uref{#powerpc-x-elf,,powerpc-*-elf, powerpc-*-sysv4}
2474 @item
2475 @uref{#powerpc-x-linux-gnu,,powerpc*-*-linux-gnu*}
2476 @item
2477 @uref{#powerpc-x-netbsd,,powerpc-*-netbsd*}
2478 @item
2479 @uref{#powerpc-x-eabisim,,powerpc-*-eabisim}
2480 @item
2481 @uref{#powerpc-x-eabi,,powerpc-*-eabi}
2482 @item
2483 @uref{#powerpcle-x-elf,,powerpcle-*-elf, powerpcle-*-sysv4}
2484 @item
2485 @uref{#powerpcle-x-eabisim,,powerpcle-*-eabisim}
2486 @item
2487 @uref{#powerpcle-x-eabi,,powerpcle-*-eabi}
2488 @item
2489 @uref{#s390-x-linux,,s390-*-linux*}
2490 @item
2491 @uref{#s390x-x-linux,,s390x-*-linux*}
2492 @item
2493 @uref{#s390x-ibm-tpf,,s390x-ibm-tpf*}
2494 @item
2495 @uref{#x-x-solaris2,,*-*-solaris2*}
2496 @item
2497 @uref{#sparc-sun-solaris2,,sparc-sun-solaris2*}
2498 @item
2499 @uref{#sparc-sun-solaris27,,sparc-sun-solaris2.7}
2500 @item
2501 @uref{#sparc-x-linux,,sparc-*-linux*}
2502 @item
2503 @uref{#sparc64-x-solaris2,,sparc64-*-solaris2*}
2504 @item
2505 @uref{#sparcv9-x-solaris2,,sparcv9-*-solaris2*}
2506 @item
2507 @uref{#x-x-sysv,,*-*-sysv*}
2508 @item
2509 @uref{#vax-dec-ultrix,,vax-dec-ultrix}
2510 @item
2511 @uref{#x-x-vxworks,,*-*-vxworks*}
2512 @item
2513 @uref{#x86-64-x-x,,x86_64-*-*, amd64-*-*}
2514 @item
2515 @uref{#xtensa-x-elf,,xtensa-*-elf}
2516 @item
2517 @uref{#xtensa-x-linux,,xtensa-*-linux*}
2518 @item
2519 @uref{#windows,,Microsoft Windows}
2520 @item
2521 @uref{#os2,,OS/2}
2522 @item
2523 @uref{#older,,Older systems}
2524 @end itemize
2525
2526 @itemize
2527 @item
2528 @uref{#elf,,all ELF targets} (SVR4, Solaris 2, etc.)
2529 @end itemize
2530 @end ifhtml
2531
2532
2533 @html
2534 <!-- -------- host/target specific issues start here ---------------- -->
2535 <hr />
2536 @end html
2537 @heading @anchor{alpha-x-x}alpha*-*-*
2538
2539 This section contains general configuration information for all
2540 alpha-based platforms using ELF (in particular, ignore this section for
2541 DEC OSF/1, Digital UNIX and Tru64 UNIX)@. In addition to reading this
2542 section, please read all other sections that match your target.
2543
2544 We require binutils 2.11.2 or newer.
2545 Previous binutils releases had a number of problems with DWARF 2
2546 debugging information, not the least of which is incorrect linking of
2547 shared libraries.
2548
2549 @html
2550 <hr />
2551 @end html
2552 @heading @anchor{alpha-dec-osf}alpha*-dec-osf*
2553 Systems using processors that implement the DEC Alpha architecture and
2554 are running the DEC/Compaq Unix (DEC OSF/1, Digital UNIX, or Compaq
2555 Tru64 UNIX) operating system, for example the DEC Alpha AXP systems.
2556
2557 As of GCC 3.2, versions before @code{alpha*-dec-osf4} are no longer
2558 supported. (These are the versions which identify themselves as DEC
2559 OSF/1.)
2560
2561 In Digital Unix V4.0, virtual memory exhausted bootstrap failures
2562 may be fixed by configuring with @option{--with-gc=simple},
2563 reconfiguring Kernel Virtual Memory and Swap parameters
2564 per the @command{/usr/sbin/sys_check} Tuning Suggestions,
2565 or applying the patch in
2566 @uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc/2002-08/msg00822.html}.
2567
2568 In Tru64 UNIX V5.1, Compaq introduced a new assembler that does not
2569 currently (2001-06-13) work with @command{mips-tfile}. As a workaround,
2570 we need to use the old assembler, invoked via the barely documented
2571 @option{-oldas} option. To bootstrap GCC, you either need to use the
2572 Compaq C Compiler:
2573
2574 @smallexample
2575 % CC=cc @var{srcdir}/configure [@var{options}] [@var{target}]
2576 @end smallexample
2577
2578 or you can use a copy of GCC 2.95.3 or higher built on Tru64 UNIX V4.0:
2579
2580 @smallexample
2581 % CC=gcc -Wa,-oldas @var{srcdir}/configure [@var{options}] [@var{target}]
2582 @end smallexample
2583
2584 As of GNU binutils 2.11.2, neither GNU @command{as} nor GNU @command{ld}
2585 are supported on Tru64 UNIX, so you must not configure GCC with
2586 @option{--with-gnu-as} or @option{--with-gnu-ld}.
2587
2588 GCC writes a @samp{.verstamp} directive to the assembler output file
2589 unless it is built as a cross-compiler. It gets the version to use from
2590 the system header file @file{/usr/include/stamp.h}. If you install a
2591 new version of DEC Unix, you should rebuild GCC to pick up the new version
2592 stamp.
2593
2594 Note that since the Alpha is a 64-bit architecture, cross-compilers from
2595 32-bit machines will not generate code as efficient as that generated
2596 when the compiler is running on a 64-bit machine because many
2597 optimizations that depend on being able to represent a word on the
2598 target in an integral value on the host cannot be performed. Building
2599 cross-compilers on the Alpha for 32-bit machines has only been tested in
2600 a few cases and may not work properly.
2601
2602 @samp{make compare} may fail on old versions of DEC Unix unless you add
2603 @option{-save-temps} to @code{CFLAGS}. On these systems, the name of the
2604 assembler input file is stored in the object file, and that makes
2605 comparison fail if it differs between the @code{stage1} and
2606 @code{stage2} compilations. The option @option{-save-temps} forces a
2607 fixed name to be used for the assembler input file, instead of a
2608 randomly chosen name in @file{/tmp}. Do not add @option{-save-temps}
2609 unless the comparisons fail without that option. If you add
2610 @option{-save-temps}, you will have to manually delete the @samp{.i} and
2611 @samp{.s} files after each series of compilations.
2612
2613 GCC now supports both the native (ECOFF) debugging format used by DBX
2614 and GDB and an encapsulated STABS format for use only with GDB@. See the
2615 discussion of the @option{--with-stabs} option of @file{configure} above
2616 for more information on these formats and how to select them.
2617
2618 There is a bug in DEC's assembler that produces incorrect line numbers
2619 for ECOFF format when the @samp{.align} directive is used. To work
2620 around this problem, GCC will not emit such alignment directives
2621 while writing ECOFF format debugging information even if optimization is
2622 being performed. Unfortunately, this has the very undesirable
2623 side-effect that code addresses when @option{-O} is specified are
2624 different depending on whether or not @option{-g} is also specified.
2625
2626 To avoid this behavior, specify @option{-gstabs+} and use GDB instead of
2627 DBX@. DEC is now aware of this problem with the assembler and hopes to
2628 provide a fix shortly.
2629
2630 @html
2631 <hr />
2632 @end html
2633 @heading @anchor{alphaev5-cray-unicosmk}alphaev5-cray-unicosmk*
2634 Cray T3E systems running Unicos/Mk.
2635
2636 This port is incomplete and has many known bugs. We hope to improve the
2637 support for this target soon. Currently, only the C front end is supported,
2638 and it is not possible to build parallel applications. Cray modules are not
2639 supported; in particular, Craylibs are assumed to be in
2640 @file{/opt/ctl/craylibs/craylibs}.
2641
2642 On this platform, you need to tell GCC where to find the assembler and
2643 the linker. The simplest way to do so is by providing @option{--with-as}
2644 and @option{--with-ld} to @file{configure}, e.g.@:
2645
2646 @smallexample
2647 configure --with-as=/opt/ctl/bin/cam --with-ld=/opt/ctl/bin/cld \
2648 --enable-languages=c
2649 @end smallexample
2650
2651 The comparison test at the end of the bootstrapping process fails on Unicos/Mk
2652 because the assembler inserts timestamps into object files. You should
2653 be able to work around this by doing @samp{make all} after getting this
2654 failure.
2655
2656 @html
2657 <hr />
2658 @end html
2659 @heading @anchor{arc-x-elf}arc-*-elf
2660 Argonaut ARC processor.
2661 This configuration is intended for embedded systems.
2662
2663 @html
2664 <hr />
2665 @end html
2666 @heading @anchor{arm-x-elf}arm-*-elf
2667 @heading @anchor{xscale-x-x}xscale-*-*
2668 ARM-family processors. Subtargets that use the ELF object format
2669 require GNU binutils 2.13 or newer. Such subtargets include:
2670 @code{arm-*-freebsd}, @code{arm-*-netbsdelf}, @code{arm-*-*linux},
2671 @code{arm-*-rtems} and @code{arm-*-kaos}.
2672
2673 @html
2674 <hr />
2675 @end html
2676 @heading @anchor{arm-x-coff}arm-*-coff
2677 ARM-family processors. Note that there are two different varieties
2678 of PE format subtarget supported: @code{arm-wince-pe} and
2679 @code{arm-pe} as well as a standard COFF target @code{arm-*-coff}.
2680
2681 @html
2682 <hr />
2683 @end html
2684 @heading @anchor{arm-x-aout}arm-*-aout
2685 ARM-family processors. These targets support the AOUT file format:
2686 @code{arm-*-aout}, @code{arm-*-netbsd}.
2687
2688 @html
2689 <hr />
2690 @end html
2691 @heading @anchor{avr}avr
2692
2693 ATMEL AVR-family micro controllers. These are used in embedded
2694 applications. There are no standard Unix configurations.
2695 @ifnothtml
2696 @xref{AVR Options,, AVR Options, gcc, Using the GNU Compiler
2697 Collection (GCC)},
2698 @end ifnothtml
2699 @ifhtml
2700 See ``AVR Options'' in the main manual
2701 @end ifhtml
2702 for the list of supported MCU types.
2703
2704 Use @samp{configure --target=avr --enable-languages="c"} to configure GCC@.
2705
2706 Further installation notes and other useful information about AVR tools
2707 can also be obtained from:
2708
2709 @itemize @bullet
2710 @item
2711 @uref{http://www.nongnu.org/avr/,,http://www.nongnu.org/avr/}
2712 @item
2713 @uref{http://home.overta.ru/users/denisc/,,http://home.overta.ru/users/denisc/}
2714 @item
2715 @uref{http://www.amelek.gda.pl/avr/,,http://www.amelek.gda.pl/avr/}
2716 @end itemize
2717
2718 We @emph{strongly} recommend using binutils 2.13 or newer.
2719
2720 The following error:
2721 @smallexample
2722 Error: register required
2723 @end smallexample
2724
2725 indicates that you should upgrade to a newer version of the binutils.
2726
2727 @html
2728 <hr />
2729 @end html
2730 @heading @anchor{bfin}Blackfin
2731
2732 The Blackfin processor, an Analog Devices DSP.
2733 @ifnothtml
2734 @xref{Blackfin Options,, Blackfin Options, gcc, Using the GNU Compiler
2735 Collection (GCC)},
2736 @end ifnothtml
2737 @ifhtml
2738 See ``Blackfin Options'' in the main manual
2739 @end ifhtml
2740
2741 More information, and a version of binutils with support for this processor,
2742 is available at @uref{http://blackfin.uclinux.org}
2743
2744 @html
2745 <hr />
2746 @end html
2747 @heading @anchor{c4x}c4x
2748
2749 Texas Instruments TMS320C3x and TMS320C4x Floating Point Digital Signal
2750 Processors. These are used in embedded applications. There are no
2751 standard Unix configurations.
2752 @ifnothtml
2753 @xref{TMS320C3x/C4x Options,, TMS320C3x/C4x Options, gcc, Using the
2754 GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)},
2755 @end ifnothtml
2756 @ifhtml
2757 See ``TMS320C3x/C4x Options'' in the main manual
2758 @end ifhtml
2759 for the list of supported MCU types.
2760
2761 GCC can be configured as a cross compiler for both the C3x and C4x
2762 architectures on the same system. Use @samp{configure --target=c4x
2763 --enable-languages="c,c++"} to configure.
2764
2765
2766 Further installation notes and other useful information about C4x tools
2767 can also be obtained from:
2768
2769 @itemize @bullet
2770 @item
2771 @uref{http://www.elec.canterbury.ac.nz/c4x/,,http://www.elec.canterbury.ac.nz/c4x/}
2772 @end itemize
2773
2774 @html
2775 <hr />
2776 @end html
2777 @heading @anchor{cris}CRIS
2778
2779 CRIS is the CPU architecture in Axis Communications ETRAX system-on-a-chip
2780 series. These are used in embedded applications.
2781
2782 @ifnothtml
2783 @xref{CRIS Options,, CRIS Options, gcc, Using the GNU Compiler
2784 Collection (GCC)},
2785 @end ifnothtml
2786 @ifhtml
2787 See ``CRIS Options'' in the main manual
2788 @end ifhtml
2789 for a list of CRIS-specific options.
2790
2791 There are a few different CRIS targets:
2792 @table @code
2793 @item cris-axis-aout
2794 Old target. Includes a multilib for the @samp{elinux} a.out-based
2795 target. No multilibs for newer architecture variants.
2796 @item cris-axis-elf
2797 Mainly for monolithic embedded systems. Includes a multilib for the
2798 @samp{v10} core used in @samp{ETRAX 100 LX}.
2799 @item cris-axis-linux-gnu
2800 A GNU/Linux port for the CRIS architecture, currently targeting
2801 @samp{ETRAX 100 LX} by default.
2802 @end table
2803
2804 For @code{cris-axis-aout} and @code{cris-axis-elf} you need binutils 2.11
2805 or newer. For @code{cris-axis-linux-gnu} you need binutils 2.12 or newer.
2806
2807 Pre-packaged tools can be obtained from
2808 @uref{ftp://ftp.axis.com/pub/axis/tools/cris/compiler-kit/}. More
2809 information about this platform is available at
2810 @uref{http://developer.axis.com/}.
2811
2812 @html
2813 <hr />
2814 @end html
2815 @heading @anchor{crx}CRX
2816
2817 The CRX CompactRISC architecture is a low-power 32-bit architecture with
2818 fast context switching and architectural extensibility features.
2819
2820 @ifnothtml
2821 @xref{CRX Options,, CRX Options, gcc, Using and Porting the GNU Compiler
2822 Collection (GCC)},
2823 @end ifnothtml
2824
2825 @ifhtml
2826 See ``CRX Options'' in the main manual for a list of CRX-specific options.
2827 @end ifhtml
2828
2829 Use @samp{configure --target=crx-elf --enable-languages=c,c++} to configure
2830 GCC@ for building a CRX cross-compiler. The option @samp{--target=crx-elf}
2831 is also used to build the @samp{newlib} C library for CRX.
2832
2833 It is also possible to build libstdc++-v3 for the CRX architecture. This
2834 needs to be done in a separate step with the following configure settings:
2835 @samp{gcc/libstdc++-v3/configure --host=crx-elf --with-newlib
2836 --enable-sjlj-exceptions --enable-cxx-flags='-fexceptions -frtti'}
2837
2838 @html
2839 <hr />
2840 @end html
2841 @heading @anchor{dos}DOS
2842
2843 Please have a look at the @uref{binaries.html,,binaries page}.
2844
2845 You cannot install GCC by itself on MSDOS; it will not compile under
2846 any MSDOS compiler except itself. You need to get the complete
2847 compilation package DJGPP, which includes binaries as well as sources,
2848 and includes all the necessary compilation tools and libraries.
2849
2850 @html
2851 <hr />
2852 @end html
2853 @heading @anchor{x-x-freebsd}*-*-freebsd*
2854
2855 The version of binutils installed in @file{/usr/bin} probably works with
2856 this release of GCC@. However, on FreeBSD 4, bootstrapping against the
2857 latest FSF binutils is known to improve overall testsuite results; and,
2858 on FreeBSD/alpha, using binutils 2.14 or later is required to build libjava.
2859
2860 Support for FreeBSD 1 was discontinued in GCC 3.2.
2861
2862 Support for FreeBSD 2 will be discontinued after GCC 3.4. The
2863 following was true for GCC 3.1 but the current status is unknown.
2864 For FreeBSD 2 or any mutant a.out versions of FreeBSD 3: All
2865 configuration support and files as shipped with GCC 2.95 are still in
2866 place. FreeBSD 2.2.7 has been known to bootstrap completely; however,
2867 it is unknown which version of binutils was used (it is assumed that it
2868 was the system copy in @file{/usr/bin}) and C++ EH failures were noted.
2869
2870 For FreeBSD using the ELF file format: DWARF 2 debugging is now the
2871 default for all CPU architectures. It had been the default on
2872 FreeBSD/alpha since its inception. You may use @option{-gstabs} instead
2873 of @option{-g}, if you really want the old debugging format. There are
2874 no known issues with mixing object files and libraries with different
2875 debugging formats. Otherwise, this release of GCC should now match more
2876 of the configuration used in the stock FreeBSD configuration of GCC@. In
2877 particular, @option{--enable-threads} is now configured by default.
2878 However, as a general user, do not attempt to replace the system
2879 compiler with this release. Known to bootstrap and check with good
2880 results on FreeBSD 4.9-STABLE and 5-CURRENT@. In the past, known to
2881 bootstrap and check with good results on FreeBSD 3.0, 3.4, 4.0, 4.2,
2882 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.8-STABLE@.
2883
2884 In principle, @option{--enable-threads} is now compatible with
2885 @option{--enable-libgcj} on FreeBSD@. However, it has only been built
2886 and tested on @samp{i386-*-freebsd[45]} and @samp{alpha-*-freebsd[45]}.
2887 The static
2888 library may be incorrectly built (symbols are missing at link time).
2889 There is a rare timing-based startup hang (probably involves an
2890 assumption about the thread library). Multi-threaded boehm-gc (required for
2891 libjava) exposes severe threaded signal-handling bugs on FreeBSD before
2892 4.5-RELEASE@. Other CPU architectures
2893 supported by FreeBSD will require additional configuration tuning in, at
2894 the very least, both boehm-gc and libffi.
2895
2896 Shared @file{libgcc_s.so} is now built and installed by default.
2897
2898 @html
2899 <hr />
2900 @end html
2901 @heading @anchor{h8300-hms}h8300-hms
2902 Renesas H8/300 series of processors.
2903
2904 Please have a look at the @uref{binaries.html,,binaries page}.
2905
2906 The calling convention and structure layout has changed in release 2.6.
2907 All code must be recompiled. The calling convention now passes the
2908 first three arguments in function calls in registers. Structures are no
2909 longer a multiple of 2 bytes.
2910
2911 @html
2912 <hr />
2913 @end html
2914 @heading @anchor{hppa-hp-hpux}hppa*-hp-hpux*
2915 Support for HP-UX version 9 and older was discontinued in GCC 3.4.
2916
2917 We require using gas/binutils on all hppa platforms;
2918 you may encounter a variety of problems if you try to use the HP assembler.
2919
2920 Specifically, @option{-g} does not work on HP-UX (since that system
2921 uses a peculiar debugging format which GCC does not know about), unless
2922 you use GAS and GDB@. It may be helpful to configure GCC with the
2923 @uref{./configure.html#with-gnu-as,,@option{--with-gnu-as}} and
2924 @option{--with-as=@dots{}} options to ensure that GCC can find GAS@.
2925
2926 If you wish to use the pa-risc 2.0 architecture support with a 32-bit
2927 runtime, you must use gas/binutils 2.11 or newer.
2928
2929 There are two default scheduling models for instructions. These are
2930 PROCESSOR_7100LC and PROCESSOR_8000. They are selected from the pa-risc
2931 architecture specified for the target machine when configuring.
2932 PROCESSOR_8000 is the default. PROCESSOR_7100LC is selected when
2933 the target is a @samp{hppa1*} machine.
2934
2935 The PROCESSOR_8000 model is not well suited to older processors. Thus,
2936 it is important to completely specify the machine architecture when
2937 configuring if you want a model other than PROCESSOR_8000. The macro
2938 TARGET_SCHED_DEFAULT can be defined in BOOT_CFLAGS if a different
2939 default scheduling model is desired.
2940
2941 As of GCC 4.0, GCC uses the UNIX 95 namespace for HP-UX 10.10
2942 through 11.00, and the UNIX 98 namespace for HP-UX 11.11 and later.
2943 This namespace change might cause problems when bootstrapping with
2944 an earlier version of GCC or the HP compiler as essentially the same
2945 namespace is required for an entire build. This problem can be avoided
2946 in a number of ways. With HP cc, @env{UNIX_STD} can be set to @samp{95}
2947 or @samp{98}. Another way is to add an appropriate set of predefines
2948 to @env{CC}. The description for the @option{munix=} option contains
2949 a list of the predefines used with each standard.
2950
2951 As of GCC 4.1, @env{DWARF2} exception handling is available on HP-UX.
2952 It is now the default. This exposed a bug in the handling of data
2953 relocations in the GAS assembler. The handling of 64-bit data relocations
2954 was seriously broken, affecting debugging and exception support on all
2955 @samp{hppa64-*-*} targets. Under some circumstances, 32-bit data relocations
2956 could also be handled incorrectly. This problem is fixed in GAS version
2957 2.16.91 20051125.
2958
2959 GCC versions prior to 4.1 incorrectly passed and returned complex
2960 values. They are now passed in the same manner as aggregates.
2961
2962 More specific information to @samp{hppa*-hp-hpux*} targets follows.
2963
2964 @html
2965 <hr />
2966 @end html
2967 @heading @anchor{hppa-hp-hpux10}hppa*-hp-hpux10
2968
2969 For hpux10.20, we @emph{highly} recommend you pick up the latest sed patch
2970 @code{PHCO_19798} from HP@. HP has two sites which provide patches free of
2971 charge:
2972
2973 @itemize @bullet
2974 @item
2975 @html
2976 <a href="http://us.itrc.hp.com/service/home/home.do">US, Canada, Asia-Pacific, and
2977 Latin-America</a>
2978 @end html
2979 @ifnothtml
2980 @uref{http://us.itrc.hp.com/service/home/home.do,,} US, Canada, Asia-Pacific,
2981 and Latin-America.
2982 @end ifnothtml
2983 @item
2984 @uref{http://europe.itrc.hp.com/service/home/home.do,,} Europe.
2985 @end itemize
2986
2987 The HP assembler on these systems has some problems. Most notably the
2988 assembler inserts timestamps into each object file it creates, causing
2989 the 3-stage comparison test to fail during a bootstrap.
2990 You should be able to continue by saying @samp{make all-host all-target}
2991 after getting the failure from @samp{make}.
2992
2993 GCC 4.0 requires CVS binutils as of April 28, 2004 or later. Earlier
2994 versions require binutils 2.8 or later.
2995
2996 The C++ ABI has changed incompatibly in GCC 4.0. COMDAT subspaces are
2997 used for one-only code and data. This resolves many of the previous
2998 problems in using C++ on this target. However, the ABI is not compatible
2999 with the one implemented under HP-UX 11 using secondary definitions.
3000
3001 @html
3002 <hr />
3003 @end html
3004 @heading @anchor{hppa-hp-hpux11}hppa*-hp-hpux11
3005
3006 GCC 3.0 and up support HP-UX 11. GCC 2.95.x is not supported and cannot
3007 be used to compile GCC 3.0 and up.
3008
3009 Refer to @uref{binaries.html,,binaries} for information about obtaining
3010 precompiled GCC binaries for HP-UX@. Precompiled binaries must be obtained
3011 to build the Ada language as it can't be bootstrapped using C@. Ada is
3012 only available for the 32-bit PA-RISC runtime. The libffi and libjava
3013 haven't been ported to HP-UX and don't build.
3014
3015 Starting with GCC 3.4 an ISO C compiler is required to bootstrap. The
3016 bundled compiler supports only traditional C; you will need either HP's
3017 unbundled compiler, or a binary distribution of GCC@.
3018
3019 It is possible to build GCC 3.3 starting with the bundled HP compiler,
3020 but the process requires several steps. GCC 3.3 can then be used to
3021 build later versions. The fastjar program contains ISO C code and
3022 can't be built with the HP bundled compiler. This problem can be
3023 avoided by not building the Java language. For example, use the
3024 @option{--enable-languages="c,c++,f77,objc"} option in your configure
3025 command.
3026
3027 There are several possible approaches to building the distribution.
3028 Binutils can be built first using the HP tools. Then, the GCC
3029 distribution can be built. The second approach is to build GCC
3030 first using the HP tools, then build binutils, then rebuild GCC@.
3031 There have been problems with various binary distributions, so it
3032 is best not to start from a binary distribution.
3033
3034 On 64-bit capable systems, there are two distinct targets. Different
3035 installation prefixes must be used if both are to be installed on
3036 the same system. The @samp{hppa[1-2]*-hp-hpux11*} target generates code
3037 for the 32-bit PA-RISC runtime architecture and uses the HP linker.
3038 The @samp{hppa64-hp-hpux11*} target generates 64-bit code for the
3039 PA-RISC 2.0 architecture. The HP and GNU linkers are both supported
3040 for this target.
3041
3042 The script config.guess now selects the target type based on the compiler
3043 detected during configuration. You must define @env{PATH} or @env{CC} so
3044 that configure finds an appropriate compiler for the initial bootstrap.
3045 When @env{CC} is used, the definition should contain the options that are
3046 needed whenever @env{CC} is used.
3047
3048 Specifically, options that determine the runtime architecture must be
3049 in @env{CC} to correctly select the target for the build. It is also
3050 convenient to place many other compiler options in @env{CC}. For example,
3051 @env{CC="cc -Ac +DA2.0W -Wp,-H16376 -D_CLASSIC_TYPES -D_HPUX_SOURCE"}
3052 can be used to bootstrap the GCC 3.3 branch with the HP compiler in
3053 64-bit K&R/bundled mode. The @option{+DA2.0W} option will result in
3054 the automatic selection of the @samp{hppa64-hp-hpux11*} target. The
3055 macro definition table of cpp needs to be increased for a successful
3056 build with the HP compiler. _CLASSIC_TYPES and _HPUX_SOURCE need to
3057 be defined when building with the bundled compiler, or when using the
3058 @option{-Ac} option. These defines aren't necessary with @option{-Ae}.
3059
3060 It is best to explicitly configure the @samp{hppa64-hp-hpux11*} target
3061 with the @option{--with-ld=@dots{}} option. This overrides the standard
3062 search for ld. The two linkers supported on this target require different
3063 commands. The default linker is determined during configuration. As a
3064 result, it's not possible to switch linkers in the middle of a GCC build.
3065 This has been been reported to sometimes occur in unified builds of
3066 binutils and GCC@.
3067
3068 GCC 3.0 through 3.2 require binutils 2.11 or above. GCC 3.3 through
3069 GCC 4.0 require binutils 2.14 or later.
3070
3071 Although the HP assembler can be used for an initial build, it shouldn't
3072 be used with any languages other than C and perhaps Fortran due to its
3073 many limitations. For example, it does not support weak symbols or alias
3074 definitions. As a result, explicit template instantiations are required
3075 when using C++. This makes it difficult if not impossible to build many
3076 C++ applications. You can't generate debugging information when using
3077 the HP assembler. Finally, bootstrapping fails in the final
3078 comparison of object modules due to the time stamps that it inserts into
3079 the modules. The bootstrap can be continued from this point with
3080 @samp{make all-host all-target}.
3081
3082 A recent linker patch must be installed for the correct operation of
3083 GCC 3.3 and later. @code{PHSS_26559} and @code{PHSS_24304} are the
3084 oldest linker patches that are known to work. They are for HP-UX
3085 11.00 and 11.11, respectively. @code{PHSS_24303}, the companion to
3086 @code{PHSS_24304}, might be usable but it hasn't been tested. These
3087 patches have been superseded. Consult the HP patch database to obtain
3088 the currently recommended linker patch for your system.
3089
3090 The patches are necessary for the support of weak symbols on the
3091 32-bit port, and for the running of initializers and finalizers. Weak
3092 symbols are implemented using SOM secondary definition symbols. Prior
3093 to HP-UX 11, there are bugs in the linker support for secondary symbols.
3094 The patches correct a problem of linker core dumps creating shared
3095 libraries containing secondary symbols, as well as various other
3096 linking issues involving secondary symbols.
3097
3098 GCC 3.3 uses the ELF DT_INIT_ARRAY and DT_FINI_ARRAY capabilities to
3099 run initializers and finalizers on the 64-bit port. The 32-bit port
3100 uses the linker @option{+init} and @option{+fini} options for the same
3101 purpose. The patches correct various problems with the +init/+fini
3102 options, including program core dumps. Binutils 2.14 corrects a
3103 problem on the 64-bit port resulting from HP's non-standard use of
3104 the .init and .fini sections for array initializers and finalizers.
3105
3106 There are a number of issues to consider in selecting which linker to
3107 use with the 64-bit port. The GNU 64-bit linker can only create dynamic
3108 binaries. The @option{-static} option causes linking with archive
3109 libraries but doesn't produce a truly static binary. Dynamic binaries
3110 still require final binding by the dynamic loader to resolve a set of
3111 dynamic-loader-defined symbols. The default behavior of the HP linker
3112 is the same as the GNU linker. However, it can generate true 64-bit
3113 static binaries using the @option{+compat} option.
3114
3115 The HP 64-bit linker doesn't support linkonce semantics. As a
3116 result, C++ programs have many more sections than they should.
3117
3118 The GNU 64-bit linker has some issues with shared library support
3119 and exceptions. As a result, we only support libgcc in archive
3120 format. For similar reasons, dwarf2 unwind and exception support
3121 are disabled. The GNU linker also has problems creating binaries
3122 with @option{-static}. It doesn't provide stubs for internal
3123 calls to global functions in shared libraries, so these calls
3124 can't be overloaded.
3125
3126 Thread support is not implemented in GCC 3.0 through 3.2, so the
3127 @option{--enable-threads} configure option does not work. In 3.3
3128 and later, POSIX threads are supported. The optional DCE thread
3129 library is not supported.
3130
3131 This port still is undergoing significant development.
3132
3133 @html
3134 <hr />
3135 @end html
3136 @heading @anchor{x-x-linux-gnu}*-*-linux-gnu
3137
3138 Versions of libstdc++-v3 starting with 3.2.1 require bug fixes present
3139 in glibc 2.2.5 and later. More information is available in the
3140 libstdc++-v3 documentation.
3141
3142 @html
3143 <hr />
3144 @end html
3145 @heading @anchor{ix86-x-linuxaout}i?86-*-linux*aout
3146 Use this configuration to generate @file{a.out} binaries on Linux-based
3147 GNU systems. This configuration is being superseded.
3148
3149 @html
3150 <hr />
3151 @end html
3152 @heading @anchor{ix86-x-linux}i?86-*-linux*
3153
3154 As of GCC 3.3, binutils 2.13.1 or later is required for this platform.
3155 See @uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/PR10877,,bug 10877} for more information.
3156
3157 If you receive Signal 11 errors when building on GNU/Linux, then it is
3158 possible you have a hardware problem. Further information on this can be
3159 found on @uref{http://www.bitwizard.nl/sig11/,,www.bitwizard.nl}.
3160
3161 @html
3162 <hr />
3163 @end html
3164 @heading @anchor{ix86-x-sco32v5}i?86-*-sco3.2v5*
3165 Use this for the SCO OpenServer Release 5 family of operating systems.
3166
3167 Unlike earlier versions of GCC, the ability to generate COFF with this
3168 target is no longer provided.
3169
3170 Earlier versions of GCC emitted DWARF 1 when generating ELF to allow
3171 the system debugger to be used. That support was too burdensome to
3172 maintain. GCC now emits only DWARF 2 for this target. This means you
3173 may use either the UDK debugger or GDB to debug programs built by this
3174 version of GCC@.
3175
3176 GCC is now only supported on releases 5.0.4 and later, and requires that
3177 you install Support Level Supplement OSS646B or later, and Support Level
3178 Supplement OSS631C or later. If you are using release 5.0.7 of
3179 OpenServer, you must have at least the first maintenance pack installed
3180 (this includes the relevant portions of OSS646). OSS646, also known as
3181 the ``Execution Environment Update'', provides updated link editors and
3182 assemblers, as well as updated standard C and math libraries. The C
3183 startup modules are also updated to support the System V gABI draft, and
3184 GCC relies on that behavior. OSS631 provides a collection of commonly
3185 used open source libraries, some of which GCC depends on (such as GNU
3186 gettext and zlib). SCO OpenServer Release 5.0.7 has all of this built
3187 in by default, but OSS631C and later also apply to that release. Please
3188 visit
3189 @uref{ftp://ftp.sco.com/pub/openserver5,,ftp://ftp.sco.com/pub/openserver5}
3190 for the latest versions of these (and other potentially useful)
3191 supplements.
3192
3193 Although there is support for using the native assembler, it is
3194 recommended that you configure GCC to use the GNU assembler. You do
3195 this by using the flags
3196 @uref{./configure.html#with-gnu-as,,@option{--with-gnu-as}}. You should
3197 use a modern version of GNU binutils. Version 2.13.2.1 was used for all
3198 testing. In general, only the @option{--with-gnu-as} option is tested.
3199 A modern bintuils (as well as a plethora of other development related
3200 GNU utilities) can be found in Support Level Supplement OSS658A, the
3201 ``GNU Development Tools'' package. See the SCO web and ftp sites for details.
3202 That package also contains the currently ``officially supported'' version of
3203 GCC, version 2.95.3. It is useful for bootstrapping this version.
3204
3205 @html
3206 <hr />
3207 @end html
3208 @heading @anchor{ix86-x-solaris210}i?86-*-solaris2.10
3209 Use this for Solaris 10 or later on x86 and x86-64 systems. This
3210 configuration is supported by GCC 4.0 and later versions only.
3211
3212 It is recommended that you configure GCC to use the GNU assembler in
3213 @file{/usr/sfw/bin/gas} but the Sun linker, using the options
3214 @option{--with-gnu-as --with-as=/usr/sfw/bin/gas --without-gnu-ld
3215 --with-ld=/usr/ccs/bin/ld}.
3216
3217 @html
3218 <hr />
3219 @end html
3220 @heading @anchor{ix86-x-udk}i?86-*-udk
3221
3222 This target emulates the SCO Universal Development Kit and requires that
3223 package be installed. (If it is installed, you will have a
3224 @file{/udk/usr/ccs/bin/cc} file present.) It's very much like the
3225 @samp{i?86-*-unixware7*} target
3226 but is meant to be used when hosting on a system where UDK isn't the
3227 default compiler such as OpenServer 5 or Unixware 2. This target will
3228 generate binaries that will run on OpenServer, Unixware 2, or Unixware 7,
3229 with the same warnings and caveats as the SCO UDK@.
3230
3231 This target is a little tricky to build because we have to distinguish
3232 it from the native tools (so it gets headers, startups, and libraries
3233 from the right place) while making the tools not think we're actually
3234 building a cross compiler. The easiest way to do this is with a configure
3235 command like this:
3236
3237 @smallexample
3238 CC=/udk/usr/ccs/bin/cc @var{/your/path/to}/gcc/configure \
3239 --host=i686-pc-udk --target=i686-pc-udk --program-prefix=udk-
3240 @end smallexample
3241
3242 @emph{You should substitute @samp{i686} in the above command with the appropriate
3243 processor for your host.}
3244
3245 After the usual @samp{make} and
3246 @samp{make install}, you can then access the UDK-targeted GCC
3247 tools by adding @command{udk-} before the commonly known name. For
3248 example, to invoke the C compiler, you would use @command{udk-gcc}.
3249 They will coexist peacefully with any native-target GCC tools you may
3250 have installed.
3251
3252
3253 @html
3254 <hr />
3255 @end html
3256 @heading @anchor{ia64-x-linux}ia64-*-linux
3257 IA-64 processor (also known as IPF, or Itanium Processor Family)
3258 running GNU/Linux.
3259
3260 If you are using the installed system libunwind library with
3261 @option{--with-system-libunwind}, then you must use libunwind 0.98 or
3262 later.
3263
3264 None of the following versions of GCC has an ABI that is compatible
3265 with any of the other versions in this list, with the exception that
3266 Red Hat 2.96 and Trillian 000171 are compatible with each other:
3267 3.1, 3.0.2, 3.0.1, 3.0, Red Hat 2.96, and Trillian 000717.
3268 This primarily affects C++ programs and programs that create shared libraries.
3269 GCC 3.1 or later is recommended for compiling linux, the kernel.
3270 As of version 3.1 GCC is believed to be fully ABI compliant, and hence no
3271 more major ABI changes are expected.
3272
3273 @html
3274 <hr />
3275 @end html
3276 @heading @anchor{ia64-x-hpux}ia64-*-hpux*
3277 Building GCC on this target requires the GNU Assembler. The bundled HP
3278 assembler will not work. To prevent GCC from using the wrong assembler,
3279 the option @option{--with-gnu-as} may be necessary.
3280
3281 The GCC libunwind library has not been ported to HPUX@. This means that for
3282 GCC versions 3.2.3 and earlier, @option{--enable-libunwind-exceptions}
3283 is required to build GCC@. For GCC 3.3 and later, this is the default.
3284 For gcc 3.4.3 and later, @option{--enable-libunwind-exceptions} is
3285 removed and the system libunwind library will always be used.
3286
3287 @html
3288 <hr />
3289 <!-- rs6000-ibm-aix*, powerpc-ibm-aix* -->
3290 @end html
3291 @heading @anchor{x-ibm-aix}*-ibm-aix*
3292 Support for AIX version 3 and older was discontinued in GCC 3.4.
3293
3294 ``out of memory'' bootstrap failures may indicate a problem with
3295 process resource limits (ulimit). Hard limits are configured in the
3296 @file{/etc/security/limits} system configuration file.
3297
3298 To speed up the configuration phases of bootstrapping and installing GCC,
3299 one may use GNU Bash instead of AIX @command{/bin/sh}, e.g.,
3300
3301 @smallexample
3302 % CONFIG_SHELL=/opt/freeware/bin/bash
3303 % export CONFIG_SHELL
3304 @end smallexample
3305
3306 and then proceed as described in @uref{build.html,,the build
3307 instructions}, where we strongly recommend specifying an absolute path
3308 to invoke @var{srcdir}/configure.
3309
3310 Because GCC on AIX is built as a 32-bit executable by default,
3311 (although it can generate 64-bit programs) the GMP and MPFR libraries
3312 required by gfortran must be 32-bit libraries. Building GMP and MPFR
3313 as static archive libraries works better than shared libraries.
3314
3315 Errors involving @code{alloca} when building GCC generally are due
3316 to an incorrect definition of @code{CC} in the Makefile or mixing files
3317 compiled with the native C compiler and GCC@. During the stage1 phase of
3318 the build, the native AIX compiler @strong{must} be invoked as @command{cc}
3319 (not @command{xlc}). Once @command{configure} has been informed of
3320 @command{xlc}, one needs to use @samp{make distclean} to remove the
3321 configure cache files and ensure that @env{CC} environment variable
3322 does not provide a definition that will confuse @command{configure}.
3323 If this error occurs during stage2 or later, then the problem most likely
3324 is the version of Make (see above).
3325
3326 The native @command{as} and @command{ld} are recommended for bootstrapping
3327 on AIX 4 and required for bootstrapping on AIX 5L@. The GNU Assembler
3328 reports that it supports WEAK symbols on AIX 4, which causes GCC to try to
3329 utilize weak symbol functionality although it is not supported. The GNU
3330 Assembler and Linker do not support AIX 5L sufficiently to bootstrap GCC@.
3331 The native AIX tools do interoperate with GCC@.
3332
3333 Building @file{libstdc++.a} requires a fix for an AIX Assembler bug
3334 APAR IY26685 (AIX 4.3) or APAR IY25528 (AIX 5.1). It also requires a
3335 fix for another AIX Assembler bug and a co-dependent AIX Archiver fix
3336 referenced as APAR IY53606 (AIX 5.2) or a APAR IY54774 (AIX 5.1)
3337
3338 @samp{libstdc++} in GCC 3.4 increments the major version number of the
3339 shared object and GCC installation places the @file{libstdc++.a}
3340 shared library in a common location which will overwrite the and GCC
3341 3.3 version of the shared library. Applications either need to be
3342 re-linked against the new shared library or the GCC 3.1 and GCC 3.3
3343 versions of the @samp{libstdc++} shared object needs to be available
3344 to the AIX runtime loader. The GCC 3.1 @samp{libstdc++.so.4}, if
3345 present, and GCC 3.3 @samp{libstdc++.so.5} shared objects can be
3346 installed for runtime dynamic loading using the following steps to set
3347 the @samp{F_LOADONLY} flag in the shared object for @emph{each}
3348 multilib @file{libstdc++.a} installed:
3349
3350 Extract the shared objects from the currently installed
3351 @file{libstdc++.a} archive:
3352 @smallexample
3353 % ar -x libstdc++.a libstdc++.so.4 libstdc++.so.5
3354 @end smallexample
3355
3356 Enable the @samp{F_LOADONLY} flag so that the shared object will be
3357 available for runtime dynamic loading, but not linking:
3358 @smallexample
3359 % strip -e libstdc++.so.4 libstdc++.so.5
3360 @end smallexample
3361
3362 Archive the runtime-only shared object in the GCC 3.4
3363 @file{libstdc++.a} archive:
3364 @smallexample
3365 % ar -q libstdc++.a libstdc++.so.4 libstdc++.so.5
3366 @end smallexample
3367
3368 Linking executables and shared libraries may produce warnings of
3369 duplicate symbols. The assembly files generated by GCC for AIX always
3370 have included multiple symbol definitions for certain global variable
3371 and function declarations in the original program. The warnings should
3372 not prevent the linker from producing a correct library or runnable
3373 executable.
3374
3375 AIX 4.3 utilizes a ``large format'' archive to support both 32-bit and
3376 64-bit object modules. The routines provided in AIX 4.3.0 and AIX 4.3.1
3377 to parse archive libraries did not handle the new format correctly.
3378 These routines are used by GCC and result in error messages during
3379 linking such as ``not a COFF file''. The version of the routines shipped
3380 with AIX 4.3.1 should work for a 32-bit environment. The @option{-g}
3381 option of the archive command may be used to create archives of 32-bit
3382 objects using the original ``small format''. A correct version of the
3383 routines is shipped with AIX 4.3.2 and above.
3384
3385 Some versions of the AIX binder (linker) can fail with a relocation
3386 overflow severe error when the @option{-bbigtoc} option is used to link
3387 GCC-produced object files into an executable that overflows the TOC@. A fix
3388 for APAR IX75823 (OVERFLOW DURING LINK WHEN USING GCC AND -BBIGTOC) is
3389 available from IBM Customer Support and from its
3390 @uref{http://techsupport.services.ibm.com/,,techsupport.services.ibm.com}
3391 website as PTF U455193.
3392
3393 The AIX 4.3.2.1 linker (bos.rte.bind_cmds Level 4.3.2.1) will dump core
3394 with a segmentation fault when invoked by any version of GCC@. A fix for
3395 APAR IX87327 is available from IBM Customer Support and from its
3396 @uref{http://techsupport.services.ibm.com/,,techsupport.services.ibm.com}
3397 website as PTF U461879. This fix is incorporated in AIX 4.3.3 and above.
3398
3399 The initial assembler shipped with AIX 4.3.0 generates incorrect object
3400 files. A fix for APAR IX74254 (64BIT DISASSEMBLED OUTPUT FROM COMPILER FAILS
3401 TO ASSEMBLE/BIND) is available from IBM Customer Support and from its
3402 @uref{http://techsupport.services.ibm.com/,,techsupport.services.ibm.com}
3403 website as PTF U453956. This fix is incorporated in AIX 4.3.1 and above.
3404
3405 AIX provides National Language Support (NLS)@. Compilers and assemblers
3406 use NLS to support locale-specific representations of various data
3407 formats including floating-point numbers (e.g., @samp{.} vs @samp{,} for
3408 separating decimal fractions). There have been problems reported where
3409 GCC does not produce the same floating-point formats that the assembler
3410 expects. If one encounters this problem, set the @env{LANG}
3411 environment variable to @samp{C} or @samp{En_US}.
3412
3413 By default, GCC for AIX 4.1 and above produces code that can be used on
3414 both Power or PowerPC processors.
3415
3416 A default can be specified with the @option{-mcpu=@var{cpu_type}}
3417 switch and using the configure option @option{--with-cpu-@var{cpu_type}}.
3418
3419 @html
3420 <hr />
3421 @end html
3422 @heading @anchor{iq2000-x-elf}iq2000-*-elf
3423 Vitesse IQ2000 processors. These are used in embedded
3424 applications. There are no standard Unix configurations.
3425
3426 @html
3427 <hr />
3428 @end html
3429 @heading @anchor{m32c-x-elf}m32c-*-elf
3430 Renesas M32C processor.
3431 This configuration is intended for embedded systems.
3432
3433 @html
3434 <hr />
3435 @end html
3436 @heading @anchor{m32r-x-elf}m32r-*-elf
3437 Renesas M32R processor.
3438 This configuration is intended for embedded systems.
3439
3440 @html
3441 <hr />
3442 @end html
3443 @heading @anchor{m6811-elf}m6811-elf
3444 Motorola 68HC11 family micro controllers. These are used in embedded
3445 applications. There are no standard Unix configurations.
3446
3447 @html
3448 <hr />
3449 @end html
3450 @heading @anchor{m6812-elf}m6812-elf
3451 Motorola 68HC12 family micro controllers. These are used in embedded
3452 applications. There are no standard Unix configurations.
3453
3454 @html
3455 <hr />
3456 @end html
3457 @heading @anchor{m68k-x-x}m68k-*-*
3458 By default, @samp{m68k-*-aout}, @samp{m68k-*-coff*},
3459 @samp{m68k-*-elf*}, @samp{m68k-*-rtems} and @samp{m68k-*-uclinux}
3460 build libraries for both M680x0 and ColdFire processors. If you only
3461 need the M680x0 libraries, you can omit the ColdFire ones by passing
3462 @option{--with-arch=m68k} to @command{configure}. Alternatively, you
3463 can omit the M680x0 libraries by passing @option{--with-arch=cf} to
3464 @command{configure}. These targets default to 5206 code when
3465 configured with @option{--with-arch=cf} and 68020 code otherwise.
3466
3467 The @samp{m68k-*-linux-gnu}, @samp{m68k-*-netbsd} and
3468 @samp{m68k-*-openbsd} targets also support the @option{--with-arch}
3469 option. They will generate ColdFire CFV4e code when configured with
3470 @option{--with-arch=cf} and 68020 code otherwise.
3471
3472 You can override the default processors listed above by configuring
3473 with @option{--with-cpu=@var{target}}. This @var{target} can either
3474 be a @option{-mcpu} argument or one of the following values:
3475 @samp{m68000}, @samp{m68010}, @samp{m68020}, @samp{m68030},
3476 @samp{m68040}, @samp{m68060}, @samp{m68020-40} and @samp{m68020-60}.
3477
3478 @html
3479 <hr />
3480 @end html
3481 @heading @anchor{m68k-hp-hpux}m68k-hp-hpux
3482 HP 9000 series 300 or 400 running HP-UX@. HP-UX version 8.0 has a bug in
3483 the assembler that prevents compilation of GCC@. This
3484 bug manifests itself during the first stage of compilation, while
3485 building @file{libgcc2.a}:
3486
3487 @smallexample
3488 _floatdisf
3489 cc1: warning: `-g' option not supported on this version of GCC
3490 cc1: warning: `-g1' option not supported on this version of GCC
3491 ./xgcc: Internal compiler error: program as got fatal signal 11
3492 @end smallexample
3493
3494 A patched version of the assembler is available as the file
3495 @uref{ftp://altdorf.ai.mit.edu/archive/cph/hpux-8.0-assembler}. If you
3496 have HP software support, the patch can also be obtained directly from
3497 HP, as described in the following note:
3498
3499 @quotation
3500 This is the patched assembler, to patch SR#1653-010439, where the
3501 assembler aborts on floating point constants.
3502
3503 The bug is not really in the assembler, but in the shared library
3504 version of the function ``cvtnum(3c)''. The bug on ``cvtnum(3c)'' is
3505 SR#4701-078451. Anyway, the attached assembler uses the archive
3506 library version of ``cvtnum(3c)'' and thus does not exhibit the bug.
3507 @end quotation
3508
3509 This patch is also known as PHCO_4484.
3510
3511 In addition gdb does not understand that native HP-UX format, so
3512 you must use gas if you wish to use gdb.
3513
3514 On HP-UX version 8.05, but not on 8.07 or more recent versions, the
3515 @command{fixproto} shell script triggers a bug in the system shell. If you
3516 encounter this problem, upgrade your operating system or use BASH (the
3517 GNU shell) to run @command{fixproto}. This bug will cause the fixproto
3518 program to report an error of the form:
3519
3520 @smallexample
3521 ./fixproto: sh internal 1K buffer overflow
3522 @end smallexample
3523
3524 To fix this, you can also change the first line of the fixproto script
3525 to look like:
3526
3527 @smallexample
3528 #!/bin/ksh
3529 @end smallexample
3530
3531 @html
3532 <hr />
3533 @end html
3534 @heading @anchor{m68k-x-uclinux}m68k-*-uclinux
3535 GCC 4.3 changed the uClinux configuration so that it uses the
3536 @samp{m68k-linux-gnu} ABI rather than the @samp{m68k-elf} ABI.
3537 It also added improved support for C++ and flat shared libraries,
3538 both of which were ABI changes. However, you can still use the
3539 original ABI by configuring for @samp{m68k-uclinuxoldabi} or
3540 @samp{m68k-@var{vendor}-uclinuxoldabi}.
3541
3542 @html
3543 <hr />
3544 @end html
3545 @heading @anchor{mips-x-x}mips-*-*
3546 If on a MIPS system you get an error message saying ``does not have gp
3547 sections for all it's [sic] sectons [sic]'', don't worry about it. This
3548 happens whenever you use GAS with the MIPS linker, but there is not
3549 really anything wrong, and it is okay to use the output file. You can
3550 stop such warnings by installing the GNU linker.
3551
3552 It would be nice to extend GAS to produce the gp tables, but they are
3553 optional, and there should not be a warning about their absence.
3554
3555 The libstdc++ atomic locking routines for MIPS targets requires MIPS II
3556 and later. A patch went in just after the GCC 3.3 release to
3557 make @samp{mips*-*-*} use the generic implementation instead. You can also
3558 configure for @samp{mipsel-elf} as a workaround. The
3559 @samp{mips*-*-linux*} target continues to use the MIPS II routines. More
3560 work on this is expected in future releases.
3561
3562 MIPS systems check for division by zero (unless
3563 @option{-mno-check-zero-division} is passed to the compiler) by
3564 generating either a conditional trap or a break instruction. Using
3565 trap results in smaller code, but is only supported on MIPS II and
3566 later. Also, some versions of the Linux kernel have a bug that
3567 prevents trap from generating the proper signal (@code{SIGFPE}). To enable
3568 the use of break, use the @option{--with-divide=breaks}
3569 @command{configure} option when configuring GCC@. The default is to
3570 use traps on systems that support them.
3571
3572 Cross-compilers for the MIPS as target using the MIPS assembler
3573 currently do not work, because the auxiliary programs
3574 @file{mips-tdump.c} and @file{mips-tfile.c} can't be compiled on
3575 anything but a MIPS. It does work to cross compile for a MIPS
3576 if you use the GNU assembler and linker.
3577
3578 The assembler from GNU binutils 2.17 and earlier has a bug in the way
3579 it sorts relocations for REL targets (o32, o64, EABI). This can cause
3580 bad code to be generated for simple C++ programs. Also the linker
3581 from GNU binutils versions prior to 2.17 has a bug which causes the
3582 runtime linker stubs in very large programs, like @file{libgcj.so}, to
3583 be incorrectly generated. Binutils CVS snapshots and releases made
3584 after Nov. 9, 2006 are thought to be free from both of these problems.
3585
3586 @html
3587 <hr />
3588 @end html
3589 @heading @anchor{mips-sgi-irix5}mips-sgi-irix5
3590
3591 In order to compile GCC on an SGI running IRIX 5, the @samp{compiler_dev.hdr}
3592 subsystem must be installed from the IDO CD-ROM supplied by SGI@.
3593 It is also available for download from
3594 @uref{ftp://ftp.sgi.com/sgi/IRIX5.3/iris-development-option-5.3.tardist}.
3595
3596 If you use the MIPS C compiler to bootstrap, it may be necessary
3597 to increase its table size for switch statements with the
3598 @option{-Wf,-XNg1500} option. If you use the @option{-O2}
3599 optimization option, you also need to use @option{-Olimit 3000}.
3600
3601 To enable debugging under IRIX 5, you must use GNU binutils 2.15 or
3602 later, and use the @option{--with-gnu-ld} @command{configure} option
3603 when configuring GCC@. You need to use GNU @command{ar} and @command{nm},
3604 also distributed with GNU binutils.
3605
3606 Some users have reported that @command{/bin/sh} will hang during bootstrap.
3607 This problem can be avoided by running the commands:
3608
3609 @smallexample
3610 % CONFIG_SHELL=/bin/ksh
3611 % export CONFIG_SHELL
3612 @end smallexample
3613
3614 before starting the build.
3615
3616 @html
3617 <hr />
3618 @end html
3619 @heading @anchor{mips-sgi-irix6}mips-sgi-irix6
3620
3621 If you are using SGI's MIPSpro @command{cc} as your bootstrap compiler, you must
3622 ensure that the N32 ABI is in use. To test this, compile a simple C
3623 file with @command{cc} and then run @command{file} on the
3624 resulting object file. The output should look like:
3625
3626 @smallexample
3627 test.o: ELF N32 MSB @dots{}
3628 @end smallexample
3629
3630 If you see:
3631
3632 @smallexample
3633 test.o: ELF 32-bit MSB @dots{}
3634 @end smallexample
3635
3636 or
3637
3638 @smallexample
3639 test.o: ELF 64-bit MSB @dots{}
3640 @end smallexample
3641
3642 then your version of @command{cc} uses the O32 or N64 ABI by default. You
3643 should set the environment variable @env{CC} to @samp{cc -n32}
3644 before configuring GCC@.
3645
3646 If you want the resulting @command{gcc} to run on old 32-bit systems
3647 with the MIPS R4400 CPU, you need to ensure that only code for the @samp{mips3}
3648 instruction set architecture (ISA) is generated. While GCC 3.x does
3649 this correctly, both GCC 2.95 and SGI's MIPSpro @command{cc} may change
3650 the ISA depending on the machine where GCC is built. Using one of them
3651 as the bootstrap compiler may result in @samp{mips4} code, which won't run at
3652 all on @samp{mips3}-only systems. For the test program above, you should see:
3653
3654 @smallexample
3655 test.o: ELF N32 MSB mips-3 @dots{}
3656 @end smallexample
3657
3658 If you get:
3659
3660 @smallexample
3661 test.o: ELF N32 MSB mips-4 @dots{}
3662 @end smallexample
3663
3664 instead, you should set the environment variable @env{CC} to @samp{cc
3665 -n32 -mips3} or @samp{gcc -mips3} respectively before configuring GCC@.
3666
3667 MIPSpro C 7.4 may cause bootstrap failures, due to a bug when inlining
3668 @code{memcmp}. Either add @code{-U__INLINE_INTRINSICS} to the @env{CC}
3669 environment variable as a workaround or upgrade to MIPSpro C 7.4.1m.
3670
3671 GCC on IRIX 6 is usually built to support the N32, O32 and N64 ABIs. If
3672 you build GCC on a system that doesn't have the N64 libraries installed
3673 or cannot run 64-bit binaries,
3674 you need to configure with @option{--disable-multilib} so GCC doesn't
3675 try to use them. This will disable building the O32 libraries, too.
3676 Look for @file{/usr/lib64/libc.so.1} to see if you
3677 have the 64-bit libraries installed.
3678
3679 To enable debugging for the O32 ABI, you must use GNU @command{as} from
3680 GNU binutils 2.15 or later. You may also use GNU @command{ld}, but
3681 this is not required and currently causes some problems with Ada.
3682
3683 The @option{--enable-threads} option doesn't currently work, a patch is
3684 in preparation for a future release. The @option{--enable-libgcj}
3685 option is disabled by default: IRIX 6 uses a very low default limit
3686 (20480) for the command line length. Although @command{libtool} contains a
3687 workaround for this problem, at least the N64 @samp{libgcj} is known not
3688 to build despite this, running into an internal error of the native
3689 @command{ld}. A sure fix is to increase this limit (@samp{ncargs}) to
3690 its maximum of 262144 bytes. If you have root access, you can use the
3691 @command{systune} command to do this.
3692
3693 @code{wchar_t} support in @samp{libstdc++} is not available for old
3694 IRIX 6.5.x releases, @math{x < 19}. The problem cannot be autodetected
3695 and in order to build GCC for such targets you need to configure with
3696 @option{--disable-wchar_t}.
3697
3698 See @uref{http://freeware.sgi.com/} for more
3699 information about using GCC on IRIX platforms.
3700
3701 @html
3702 <hr />
3703 @end html
3704 @heading @anchor{powerpc-x-x}powerpc-*-*
3705
3706 You can specify a default version for the @option{-mcpu=@var{cpu_type}}
3707 switch by using the configure option @option{--with-cpu-@var{cpu_type}}.
3708
3709 @html
3710 <hr />
3711 @end html
3712 @heading @anchor{powerpc-x-darwin}powerpc-*-darwin*
3713 PowerPC running Darwin (Mac OS X kernel).
3714
3715 Pre-installed versions of Mac OS X may not include any developer tools,
3716 meaning that you will not be able to build GCC from source. Tool
3717 binaries are available at
3718 @uref{http://developer.apple.com/darwin/projects/compiler/} (free
3719 registration required).
3720
3721 This version of GCC requires at least cctools-590.36. The
3722 cctools-590.36 package referenced from
3723 @uref{http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc/2006-03/msg00507.html} will not work
3724 on systems older than 10.3.9 (aka darwin7.9.0).
3725
3726 @html
3727 <hr />
3728 @end html
3729 @heading @anchor{powerpc-x-elf}powerpc-*-elf, powerpc-*-sysv4
3730 PowerPC system in big endian mode, running System V.4.
3731
3732 @html
3733 <hr />
3734 @end html
3735 @heading @anchor{powerpc-x-linux-gnu}powerpc*-*-linux-gnu*
3736
3737 You will need
3738 @uref{ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/devel/binutils,,binutils 2.15}
3739 or newer for a working GCC@.
3740
3741 @html
3742 <hr />
3743 @end html
3744 @heading @anchor{powerpc-x-netbsd}powerpc-*-netbsd*
3745 PowerPC system in big endian mode running NetBSD@. To build the
3746 documentation you will need Texinfo version 4.4 (NetBSD 1.5.1 included
3747 Texinfo version 3.12).
3748
3749 @html
3750 <hr />
3751 @end html
3752 @heading @anchor{powerpc-x-eabisim}powerpc-*-eabisim
3753 Embedded PowerPC system in big endian mode for use in running under the
3754 PSIM simulator.
3755
3756 @html
3757 <hr />
3758 @end html
3759 @heading @anchor{powerpc-x-eabi}powerpc-*-eabi
3760 Embedded PowerPC system in big endian mode.
3761
3762 @html
3763 <hr />
3764 @end html
3765 @heading @anchor{powerpcle-x-elf}powerpcle-*-elf, powerpcle-*-sysv4
3766 PowerPC system in little endian mode, running System V.4.
3767
3768 @html
3769 <hr />
3770 @end html
3771 @heading @anchor{powerpcle-x-eabisim}powerpcle-*-eabisim
3772 Embedded PowerPC system in little endian mode for use in running under
3773 the PSIM simulator.
3774
3775 @html
3776 <hr />
3777 @end html
3778 @heading @anchor{powerpcle-x-eabi}powerpcle-*-eabi
3779 Embedded PowerPC system in little endian mode.
3780
3781 @html
3782 <hr />
3783 @end html
3784 @heading @anchor{s390-x-linux}s390-*-linux*
3785 S/390 system running GNU/Linux for S/390@.
3786
3787 @html
3788 <hr />
3789 @end html
3790 @heading @anchor{s390x-x-linux}s390x-*-linux*
3791 zSeries system (64-bit) running GNU/Linux for zSeries@.
3792
3793 @html
3794 <hr />
3795 @end html
3796 @heading @anchor{s390x-ibm-tpf}s390x-ibm-tpf*
3797 zSeries system (64-bit) running TPF@. This platform is
3798 supported as cross-compilation target only.
3799
3800 @html
3801 <hr />
3802 @end html
3803 @c Please use Solaris 2 to refer to all release of Solaris, starting
3804 @c with 2.0 until 2.6, 7, 8, etc. Solaris 1 was a marketing name for
3805 @c SunOS 4 releases which we don't use to avoid confusion. Solaris
3806 @c alone is too unspecific and must be avoided.
3807 @heading @anchor{x-x-solaris2}*-*-solaris2*
3808
3809 Sun does not ship a C compiler with Solaris 2. To bootstrap and install
3810 GCC you first have to install a pre-built compiler, see the
3811 @uref{binaries.html,,binaries page} for details.
3812
3813 The Solaris 2 @command{/bin/sh} will often fail to configure
3814 @file{libstdc++-v3}, @file{boehm-gc} or @file{libjava}. We therefore
3815 recommend using the following initial sequence of commands
3816
3817 @smallexample
3818 % CONFIG_SHELL=/bin/ksh
3819 % export CONFIG_SHELL
3820 @end smallexample
3821
3822 and proceed as described in @uref{configure.html,,the configure instructions}.
3823 In addition we strongly recommend specifying an absolute path to invoke
3824 @var{srcdir}/configure.
3825
3826 Solaris 2 comes with a number of optional OS packages. Some of these
3827 are needed to use GCC fully, namely @code{SUNWarc},
3828 @code{SUNWbtool}, @code{SUNWesu}, @code{SUNWhea}, @code{SUNWlibm},
3829 @code{SUNWsprot}, and @code{SUNWtoo}. If you did not install all
3830 optional packages when installing Solaris 2, you will need to verify that
3831 the packages that GCC needs are installed.
3832
3833 To check whether an optional package is installed, use
3834 the @command{pkginfo} command. To add an optional package, use the
3835 @command{pkgadd} command. For further details, see the Solaris 2
3836 documentation.
3837
3838 Trying to use the linker and other tools in
3839 @file{/usr/ucb} to install GCC has been observed to cause trouble.
3840 For example, the linker may hang indefinitely. The fix is to remove
3841 @file{/usr/ucb} from your @env{PATH}.
3842
3843 The build process works more smoothly with the legacy Sun tools so, if you
3844 have @file{/usr/xpg4/bin} in your @env{PATH}, we recommend that you place
3845 @file{/usr/bin} before @file{/usr/xpg4/bin} for the duration of the build.
3846
3847 All releases of GNU binutils prior to 2.11.2 have known bugs on this
3848 platform. We recommend the use of GNU binutils 2.11.2 or later, or the
3849 vendor tools (Sun @command{as}, Sun @command{ld}). Note that your mileage
3850 may vary if you use a combination of the GNU tools and the Sun tools: while
3851 the combination GNU @command{as} + Sun @command{ld} should reasonably work,
3852 the reverse combination Sun @command{as} + GNU @command{ld} is known to
3853 cause memory corruption at runtime in some cases for C++ programs.
3854
3855 The stock GNU binutils 2.15 release is broken on this platform because of a
3856 single bug. It has been fixed on the 2.15 branch in the CVS repository.
3857 You can obtain a working version by checking out the binutils-2_15-branch
3858 from the CVS repository or applying the patch
3859 @uref{http://sourceware.org/ml/binutils-cvs/2004-09/msg00036.html} to the
3860 release.
3861
3862 We recommend using GNU binutils 2.16 or later in conjunction with GCC 4.x,
3863 or the vendor tools (Sun @command{as}, Sun @command{ld}). However, for
3864 Solaris 10 and above, an additional patch is required in order for the GNU
3865 linker to be able to cope with a new flavor of shared libraries. You
3866 can obtain a working version by checking out the binutils-2_16-branch from
3867 the CVS repository or applying the patch
3868 @uref{http://sourceware.org/ml/binutils-cvs/2005-07/msg00122.html} to the
3869 release.
3870
3871 Sun bug 4296832 turns up when compiling X11 headers with GCC 2.95 or
3872 newer: @command{g++} will complain that types are missing. These headers assume
3873 that omitting the type means @code{int}; this assumption worked for C89 but
3874 is wrong for C++, and is now wrong for C99 also.
3875
3876 @command{g++} accepts such (invalid) constructs with the option
3877 @option{-fpermissive}; it
3878 will assume that any missing type is @code{int} (as defined by C89).
3879
3880 There are patches for Solaris 2.6 (105633-56 or newer for SPARC,
3881 106248-42 or newer for Intel), Solaris 7 (108376-21 or newer for SPARC,
3882 108377-20 for Intel), and Solaris 8 (108652-24 or newer for SPARC,
3883 108653-22 for Intel) that fix this bug.
3884
3885 Sun bug 4927647 sometimes causes random spurious testsuite failures
3886 related to missing diagnostic output. This bug doesn't affect GCC
3887 itself, rather it is a kernel bug triggered by the @command{expect}
3888 program which is used only by the GCC testsuite driver. When the bug
3889 causes the @command{expect} program to miss anticipated output, extra
3890 testsuite failures appear.
3891
3892 There are patches for Solaris 8 (117350-12 or newer for SPARC,
3893 117351-12 or newer for Intel) and Solaris 9 (117171-11 or newer for
3894 SPARC, 117172-11 or newer for Intel) that address this problem.
3895
3896 @html
3897 <hr />
3898 @end html
3899 @heading @anchor{sparc-sun-solaris2}sparc-sun-solaris2*
3900
3901 When GCC is configured to use binutils 2.11.2 or later the binaries
3902 produced are smaller than the ones produced using Sun's native tools;
3903 this difference is quite significant for binaries containing debugging
3904 information.
3905
3906 Sun @command{as} 4.x is broken in that it cannot cope with long symbol names.
3907 A typical error message might look similar to the following:
3908
3909 @smallexample
3910 /usr/ccs/bin/as: "/var/tmp/ccMsw135.s", line 11041: error:
3911 can't compute value of an expression involving an external symbol.
3912 @end smallexample
3913
3914 This is Sun bug 4237974. This is fixed with patch 108908-02 for Solaris
3915 2.6 and has been fixed in later (5.x) versions of the assembler,
3916 starting with Solaris 7.
3917
3918 Starting with Solaris 7, the operating system is capable of executing
3919 64-bit SPARC V9 binaries. GCC 3.1 and later properly supports
3920 this; the @option{-m64} option enables 64-bit code generation.
3921 However, if all you want is code tuned for the UltraSPARC CPU, you
3922 should try the @option{-mtune=ultrasparc} option instead, which produces
3923 code that, unlike full 64-bit code, can still run on non-UltraSPARC
3924 machines.
3925
3926 When configuring on a Solaris 7 or later system that is running a kernel
3927 that supports only 32-bit binaries, one must configure with
3928 @option{--disable-multilib}, since we will not be able to build the
3929 64-bit target libraries.
3930
3931 GCC 3.3 and GCC 3.4 trigger code generation bugs in earlier versions of
3932 the GNU compiler (especially GCC 3.0.x versions), which lead to the
3933 miscompilation of the stage1 compiler and the subsequent failure of the
3934 bootstrap process. A workaround is to use GCC 3.2.3 as an intermediary
3935 stage, i.e.@: to bootstrap that compiler with the base compiler and then
3936 use it to bootstrap the final compiler.
3937
3938 GCC 3.4 triggers a code generation bug in versions 5.4 (Sun ONE Studio 7)
3939 and 5.5 (Sun ONE Studio 8) of the Sun compiler, which causes a bootstrap
3940 failure in form of a miscompilation of the stage1 compiler by the Sun
3941 compiler. This is Sun bug 4974440. This is fixed with patch 112760-07.
3942
3943 GCC 3.4 changed the default debugging format from STABS to DWARF-2 for
3944 32-bit code on Solaris 7 and later. If you use the Sun assembler, this
3945 change apparently runs afoul of Sun bug 4910101 (which is referenced as
3946 a x86-only problem by Sun, probably because they do not use DWARF-2).
3947 A symptom of the problem is that you cannot compile C++ programs like
3948 @command{groff} 1.19.1 without getting messages similar to the following:
3949
3950 @smallexample
3951 ld: warning: relocation error: R_SPARC_UA32: @dots{}
3952 external symbolic relocation against non-allocatable section
3953 .debug_info cannot be processed at runtime: relocation ignored.
3954 @end smallexample
3955
3956 To work around this problem, compile with @option{-gstabs+} instead of
3957 plain @option{-g}.
3958
3959 When configuring the GNU Multiple Precision Library (GMP) or the MPFR
3960 library on a Solaris 7 or later system, the canonical target triplet
3961 must be specified as the @command{build} parameter on the configure
3962 line. This triplet can be obtained by invoking ./config.guess in
3963 the toplevel source directory of GCC (and not that of GMP or MPFR).
3964 For example on a Solaris 7 system:
3965
3966 @smallexample
3967 % ./configure --build=sparc-sun-solaris2.7 --prefix=xxx
3968 @end smallexample
3969
3970 @html
3971 <hr />
3972 @end html
3973 @heading @anchor{sparc-sun-solaris27}sparc-sun-solaris2.7
3974
3975 Sun patch 107058-01 (1999-01-13) for Solaris 7/SPARC triggers a bug in
3976 the dynamic linker. This problem (Sun bug 4210064) affects GCC 2.8
3977 and later, including all EGCS releases. Sun formerly recommended
3978 107058-01 for all Solaris 7 users, but around 1999-09-01 it started to
3979 recommend it only for people who use Sun's compilers.
3980
3981 Here are some workarounds to this problem:
3982 @itemize @bullet
3983 @item
3984 Do not install Sun patch 107058-01 until after Sun releases a
3985 complete patch for bug 4210064. This is the simplest course to take,
3986 unless you must also use Sun's C compiler. Unfortunately 107058-01
3987 is preinstalled on some new Solaris 7-based hosts, so you may have to
3988 back it out.
3989
3990 @item
3991 Copy the original, unpatched Solaris 7
3992 @command{/usr/ccs/bin/as} into
3993 @command{/usr/local/libexec/gcc/sparc-sun-solaris2.7/3.4/as},
3994 adjusting the latter name to fit your local conventions and software
3995 version numbers.
3996
3997 @item
3998 Install Sun patch 106950-03 (1999-05-25) or later. Nobody with
3999 both 107058-01 and 106950-03 installed has reported the bug with GCC
4000 and Sun's dynamic linker. This last course of action is riskiest,
4001 for two reasons. First, you must install 106950 on all hosts that
4002 run code generated by GCC; it doesn't suffice to install it only on
4003 the hosts that run GCC itself. Second, Sun says that 106950-03 is
4004 only a partial fix for bug 4210064, but Sun doesn't know whether the
4005 partial fix is adequate for GCC@. Revision -08 or later should fix
4006 the bug. The current (as of 2004-05-23) revision is -24, and is included in
4007 the Solaris 7 Recommended Patch Cluster.
4008 @end itemize
4009
4010 GCC 3.3 triggers a bug in version 5.0 Alpha 03/27/98 of the Sun assembler,
4011 which causes a bootstrap failure when linking the 64-bit shared version of
4012 libgcc. A typical error message is:
4013
4014 @smallexample
4015 ld: fatal: relocation error: R_SPARC_32: file libgcc/sparcv9/_muldi3.o:
4016 symbol <unknown>: offset 0xffffffff7ec133e7 is non-aligned.
4017 @end smallexample
4018
4019 This bug has been fixed in the final 5.0 version of the assembler.
4020
4021 A similar problem was reported for version Sun WorkShop 6 99/08/18 of the
4022 Sun assembler, which causes a bootstrap failure with GCC 4.0.0:
4023
4024 @smallexample
4025 ld: fatal: relocation error: R_SPARC_DISP32:
4026 file .libs/libstdc++.lax/libsupc++convenience.a/vterminate.o:
4027 symbol <unknown>: offset 0xfccd33ad is non-aligned
4028 @end smallexample
4029
4030 This bug has been fixed in more recent revisions of the assembler.
4031
4032 @html
4033 <hr />
4034 @end html
4035 @heading @anchor{sparc-x-linux}sparc-*-linux*
4036
4037 GCC versions 3.0 and higher require binutils 2.11.2 and glibc 2.2.4
4038 or newer on this platform. All earlier binutils and glibc
4039 releases mishandled unaligned relocations on @code{sparc-*-*} targets.
4040
4041
4042 @html
4043 <hr />
4044 @end html
4045 @heading @anchor{sparc64-x-solaris2}sparc64-*-solaris2*
4046
4047 When configuring the GNU Multiple Precision Library (GMP) or the
4048 MPFR library, the canonical target triplet must be specified as
4049 the @command{build} parameter on the configure line. For example
4050 on a Solaris 7 system:
4051
4052 @smallexample
4053 % ./configure --build=sparc64-sun-solaris2.7 --prefix=xxx
4054 @end smallexample
4055
4056 The following compiler flags must be specified in the configure
4057 step in order to bootstrap this target with the Sun compiler:
4058
4059 @smallexample
4060 % CC="cc -xarch=v9 -xildoff" @var{srcdir}/configure [@var{options}] [@var{target}]
4061 @end smallexample
4062
4063 @option{-xarch=v9} specifies the SPARC-V9 architecture to the Sun toolchain
4064 and @option{-xildoff} turns off the incremental linker.
4065
4066 @html
4067 <hr />
4068 @end html
4069 @heading @anchor{sparcv9-x-solaris2}sparcv9-*-solaris2*
4070
4071 This is a synonym for sparc64-*-solaris2*.
4072
4073 @html
4074 <hr />
4075 @end html
4076 @heading @anchor{x-x-sysv}*-*-sysv*
4077 On System V release 3, you may get this error message
4078 while linking:
4079
4080 @smallexample
4081 ld fatal: failed to write symbol name @var{something}
4082 in strings table for file @var{whatever}
4083 @end smallexample
4084
4085 This probably indicates that the disk is full or your ulimit won't allow
4086 the file to be as large as it needs to be.
4087
4088 This problem can also result because the kernel parameter @code{MAXUMEM}
4089 is too small. If so, you must regenerate the kernel and make the value
4090 much larger. The default value is reported to be 1024; a value of 32768
4091 is said to work. Smaller values may also work.
4092
4093 On System V, if you get an error like this,
4094
4095 @smallexample
4096 /usr/local/lib/bison.simple: In function `yyparse':
4097 /usr/local/lib/bison.simple:625: virtual memory exhausted
4098 @end smallexample
4099
4100 @noindent
4101 that too indicates a problem with disk space, ulimit, or @code{MAXUMEM}.
4102
4103 On a System V release 4 system, make sure @file{/usr/bin} precedes
4104 @file{/usr/ucb} in @code{PATH}. The @command{cc} command in
4105 @file{/usr/ucb} uses libraries which have bugs.
4106
4107 @html
4108 <hr />
4109 @end html
4110 @heading @anchor{vax-dec-ultrix}vax-dec-ultrix
4111 Don't try compiling with VAX C (@command{vcc}). It produces incorrect code
4112 in some cases (for example, when @code{alloca} is used).
4113
4114 @html
4115 <hr />
4116 @end html
4117 @heading @anchor{x-x-vxworks}*-*-vxworks*
4118 Support for VxWorks is in flux. At present GCC supports @emph{only} the
4119 very recent VxWorks 5.5 (aka Tornado 2.2) release, and only on PowerPC@.
4120 We welcome patches for other architectures supported by VxWorks 5.5.
4121 Support for VxWorks AE would also be welcome; we believe this is merely
4122 a matter of writing an appropriate ``configlette'' (see below). We are
4123 not interested in supporting older, a.out or COFF-based, versions of
4124 VxWorks in GCC 3.
4125
4126 VxWorks comes with an older version of GCC installed in
4127 @file{@var{$WIND_BASE}/host}; we recommend you do not overwrite it.
4128 Choose an installation @var{prefix} entirely outside @var{$WIND_BASE}.
4129 Before running @command{configure}, create the directories @file{@var{prefix}}
4130 and @file{@var{prefix}/bin}. Link or copy the appropriate assembler,
4131 linker, etc.@: into @file{@var{prefix}/bin}, and set your @var{PATH} to
4132 include that directory while running both @command{configure} and
4133 @command{make}.
4134
4135 You must give @command{configure} the
4136 @option{--with-headers=@var{$WIND_BASE}/target/h} switch so that it can
4137 find the VxWorks system headers. Since VxWorks is a cross compilation
4138 target only, you must also specify @option{--target=@var{target}}.
4139 @command{configure} will attempt to create the directory
4140 @file{@var{prefix}/@var{target}/sys-include} and copy files into it;
4141 make sure the user running @command{configure} has sufficient privilege
4142 to do so.
4143
4144 GCC's exception handling runtime requires a special ``configlette''
4145 module, @file{contrib/gthr_supp_vxw_5x.c}. Follow the instructions in
4146 that file to add the module to your kernel build. (Future versions of
4147 VxWorks will incorporate this module.)
4148
4149 @html
4150 <hr />
4151 @end html
4152 @heading @anchor{x86-64-x-x}x86_64-*-*, amd64-*-*
4153
4154 GCC supports the x86-64 architecture implemented by the AMD64 processor
4155 (amd64-*-* is an alias for x86_64-*-*) on GNU/Linux, FreeBSD and NetBSD@.
4156 On GNU/Linux the default is a bi-arch compiler which is able to generate
4157 both 64-bit x86-64 and 32-bit x86 code (via the @option{-m32} switch).
4158
4159 @html
4160 <hr />
4161 @end html
4162 @heading @anchor{xtensa-x-elf}xtensa-*-elf
4163
4164 This target is intended for embedded Xtensa systems using the
4165 @samp{newlib} C library. It uses ELF but does not support shared
4166 objects. Designed-defined instructions specified via the
4167 Tensilica Instruction Extension (TIE) language are only supported
4168 through inline assembly.
4169
4170 The Xtensa configuration information must be specified prior to
4171 building GCC@. The @file{include/xtensa-config.h} header
4172 file contains the configuration information. If you created your
4173 own Xtensa configuration with the Xtensa Processor Generator, the
4174 downloaded files include a customized copy of this header file,
4175 which you can use to replace the default header file.
4176
4177 @html
4178 <hr />
4179 @end html
4180 @heading @anchor{xtensa-x-linux}xtensa-*-linux*
4181
4182 This target is for Xtensa systems running GNU/Linux. It supports ELF
4183 shared objects and the GNU C library (glibc). It also generates
4184 position-independent code (PIC) regardless of whether the
4185 @option{-fpic} or @option{-fPIC} options are used. In other
4186 respects, this target is the same as the
4187 @uref{#xtensa-*-elf,,@samp{xtensa-*-elf}} target.
4188
4189 @html
4190 <hr />
4191 @end html
4192 @heading @anchor{windows}Microsoft Windows (32-bit)
4193
4194 Ports of GCC are included with the
4195 @uref{http://www.cygwin.com/,,Cygwin environment}.
4196
4197 GCC will build under Cygwin without modification; it does not build
4198 with Microsoft's C++ compiler and there are no plans to make it do so.
4199
4200 @html
4201 <hr />
4202 @end html
4203 @heading @anchor{os2}OS/2
4204
4205 GCC does not currently support OS/2. However, Andrew Zabolotny has been
4206 working on a generic OS/2 port with pgcc. The current code can be found
4207 at @uref{http://www.goof.com/pcg/os2/,,http://www.goof.com/pcg/os2/}.
4208
4209 @html
4210 <hr />
4211 @end html
4212 @heading @anchor{older}Older systems
4213
4214 GCC contains support files for many older (1980s and early
4215 1990s) Unix variants. For the most part, support for these systems
4216 has not been deliberately removed, but it has not been maintained for
4217 several years and may suffer from bitrot.
4218
4219 Starting with GCC 3.1, each release has a list of ``obsoleted'' systems.
4220 Support for these systems is still present in that release, but
4221 @command{configure} will fail unless the @option{--enable-obsolete}
4222 option is given. Unless a maintainer steps forward, support for these
4223 systems will be removed from the next release of GCC@.
4224
4225 Support for old systems as hosts for GCC can cause problems if the
4226 workarounds for compiler, library and operating system bugs affect the
4227 cleanliness or maintainability of the rest of GCC@. In some cases, to
4228 bring GCC up on such a system, if still possible with current GCC, may
4229 require first installing an old version of GCC which did work on that
4230 system, and using it to compile a more recent GCC, to avoid bugs in the
4231 vendor compiler. Old releases of GCC 1 and GCC 2 are available in the
4232 @file{old-releases} directory on the @uref{../mirrors.html,,GCC mirror
4233 sites}. Header bugs may generally be avoided using
4234 @command{fixincludes}, but bugs or deficiencies in libraries and the
4235 operating system may still cause problems.
4236
4237 Support for older systems as targets for cross-compilation is less
4238 problematic than support for them as hosts for GCC; if an enthusiast
4239 wishes to make such a target work again (including resurrecting any of
4240 the targets that never worked with GCC 2, starting from the last
4241 version before they were removed), patches
4242 @uref{../contribute.html,,following the usual requirements} would be
4243 likely to be accepted, since they should not affect the support for more
4244 modern targets.
4245
4246 For some systems, old versions of GNU binutils may also be useful,
4247 and are available from @file{pub/binutils/old-releases} on
4248 @uref{http://sourceware.org/mirrors.html,,sourceware.org mirror sites}.
4249
4250 Some of the information on specific systems above relates to
4251 such older systems, but much of the information
4252 about GCC on such systems (which may no longer be applicable to
4253 current GCC) is to be found in the GCC texinfo manual.
4254
4255 @html
4256 <hr />
4257 @end html
4258 @heading @anchor{elf}all ELF targets (SVR4, Solaris 2, etc.)
4259
4260 C++ support is significantly better on ELF targets if you use the
4261 @uref{./configure.html#with-gnu-ld,,GNU linker}; duplicate copies of
4262 inlines, vtables and template instantiations will be discarded
4263 automatically.
4264
4265
4266 @html
4267 <hr />
4268 <p>
4269 @end html
4270 @ifhtml
4271 @uref{./index.html,,Return to the GCC Installation page}
4272 @end ifhtml
4273 @end ifset
4274
4275 @c ***Old documentation******************************************************
4276 @ifset oldhtml
4277 @include install-old.texi
4278 @html
4279 <hr />
4280 <p>
4281 @end html
4282 @ifhtml
4283 @uref{./index.html,,Return to the GCC Installation page}
4284 @end ifhtml
4285 @end ifset
4286
4287 @c ***GFDL********************************************************************
4288 @ifset gfdlhtml
4289 @include fdl.texi
4290 @html
4291 <hr />
4292 <p>
4293 @end html
4294 @ifhtml
4295 @uref{./index.html,,Return to the GCC Installation page}
4296 @end ifhtml
4297 @end ifset
4298
4299 @c ***************************************************************************
4300 @c Part 6 The End of the Document
4301 @ifinfo
4302 @comment node-name, next, previous, up
4303 @node Concept Index, , GNU Free Documentation License, Top
4304 @end ifinfo
4305
4306 @ifinfo
4307 @unnumbered Concept Index
4308
4309 @printindex cp
4310
4311 @contents
4312 @end ifinfo
4313 @bye