libjava/posix-threads.cc

   1 // posix-threads.cc - interface between libjava and POSIX threads.
   2
   3 /* Copyright (C) 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2004  Free Software Foundation
   4
   5    This file is part of libgcj.
   6
   7 This software is copyrighted work licensed under the terms of the
   8 Libgcj License.  Please consult the file "LIBGCJ_LICENSE" for
   9 details.  */
  10
  11 // TO DO:
  12 // * Document signal handling limitations
  13
  14 #include <config.h>
  15
  16 // If we're using the Boehm GC, then we need to override some of the
  17 // thread primitives.  This is fairly gross.
  18 #ifdef HAVE_BOEHM_GC
  19 #include <gc.h>
  20 #endif /* HAVE_BOEHM_GC */
  21
  22 #include <stdlib.h>
  23 #include <time.h>
  24 #include <signal.h>
  25 #include <errno.h>
  26 #include <limits.h>
  27 #ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
  28 #include <unistd.h>     // To test for _POSIX_THREAD_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING
  29 #endif
  30
  31 #include <gcj/cni.h>
  32 #include <jvm.h>
  33 #include <java/lang/Thread.h>
  34 #include <java/lang/System.h>
  35 #include <java/lang/Long.h>
  36 #include <java/lang/OutOfMemoryError.h>
  37 #include <java/lang/InternalError.h>
  38
  39 // This is used to implement thread startup.
  40 struct starter
  41 {
  42   _Jv_ThreadStartFunc *method;
  43   _Jv_Thread_t *data;
  44 };
  45
  46 // This is the key used to map from the POSIX thread value back to the
  47 // Java object representing the thread.  The key is global to all
  48 // threads, so it is ok to make it a global here.
  49 pthread_key_t _Jv_ThreadKey;
  50
  51 // This is the key used to map from the POSIX thread value back to the
  52 // _Jv_Thread_t* representing the thread.
  53 pthread_key_t _Jv_ThreadDataKey;
  54
  55 // We keep a count of all non-daemon threads which are running.  When
  56 // this reaches zero, _Jv_ThreadWait returns.
  57 static pthread_mutex_t daemon_mutex;
  58 static pthread_cond_t daemon_cond;
  59 static int non_daemon_count;
  60
  61 // The signal to use when interrupting a thread.
  62 #if defined(LINUX_THREADS) || defined(FREEBSD_THREADS)
  63   // LinuxThreads (prior to glibc 2.1) usurps both SIGUSR1 and SIGUSR2.
  64   // GC on FreeBSD uses both SIGUSR1 and SIGUSR2.
  65 #  define INTR SIGHUP
  66 #else /* LINUX_THREADS */
  67 #  define INTR SIGUSR2
  68 #endif /* LINUX_THREADS */
  69
  70 //
  71 // These are the flags that can appear in _Jv_Thread_t.
  72 //
  73
  74 // Thread started.
  75 #define FLAG_START   0x01
  76 // Thread is daemon.
  77 #define FLAG_DAEMON  0x02
  78
  79 \f
  80
  81 // Wait for the condition variable "CV" to be notified.
  82 // Return values:
  83 // 0: the condition was notified, or the timeout expired.
  84 // _JV_NOT_OWNER: the thread does not own the mutex "MU".
  85 // _JV_INTERRUPTED: the thread was interrupted. Its interrupted flag is set.
  86 int
  87 _Jv_CondWait (_Jv_ConditionVariable_t *cv, _Jv_Mutex_t *mu,
  88               jlong millis, jint nanos)
  89 {
  90   pthread_t self = pthread_self();
  91   if (mu->owner != self)
  92     return _JV_NOT_OWNER;
  93
  94   struct timespec ts;
  95   jlong m, startTime;
  96
  97   if (millis > 0 || nanos > 0)
  98     {
  99       startTime = java::lang::System::currentTimeMillis();
 100       m = millis + startTime;
 101       ts.tv_sec = m / 1000;
 102       ts.tv_nsec = ((m % 1000) * 1000000) + nanos;
 103     }
 104
 105   _Jv_Thread_t *current = _Jv_ThreadCurrentData ();
 106   java::lang::Thread *current_obj = _Jv_ThreadCurrent ();
 107
 108   pthread_mutex_lock (&current->wait_mutex);
 109
 110   // Now that we hold the wait mutex, check if this thread has been
 111   // interrupted already.
 112   if (current_obj->interrupt_flag)
 113     {
 114       pthread_mutex_unlock (&current->wait_mutex);
 115       return _JV_INTERRUPTED;
 116     }
 117
 118   // Add this thread to the cv's wait set.
 119   current->next = NULL;
 120
 121   if (cv->first == NULL)
 122     cv->first = current;
 123   else
 124     for (_Jv_Thread_t *t = cv->first;; t = t->next)
 125       {
 126         if (t->next == NULL)
 127           {
 128             t->next = current;
 129             break;
 130           }
 131       }
 132
 133   // Record the current lock depth, so it can be restored when we re-aquire it.
 134   int count = mu->count;
 135
 136   // Release the monitor mutex.
 137   mu->count = 0;
 138   mu->owner = 0;
 139   pthread_mutex_unlock (&mu->mutex);
 140
 141   int r = 0;
 142   bool done_sleeping = false;
 143
 144   while (! done_sleeping)
 145     {
 146       if (millis == 0 && nanos == 0)
 147         r = pthread_cond_wait (&current->wait_cond, &current->wait_mutex);
 148       else
 149         r = pthread_cond_timedwait (&current->wait_cond, &current->wait_mutex,
 150                                     &ts);
 151
 152       // In older glibc's (prior to 2.1.3), the cond_wait functions may
 153       // spuriously wake up on a signal. Catch that here.
 154       if (r != EINTR)
 155         done_sleeping = true;
 156     }
 157
 158   // Check for an interrupt *before* releasing the wait mutex.
 159   jboolean interrupted = current_obj->interrupt_flag;
 160
 161   pthread_mutex_unlock (&current->wait_mutex);
 162
 163   //  Reaquire the monitor mutex, and restore the lock count.
 164   pthread_mutex_lock (&mu->mutex);
 165   mu->owner = self;
 166   mu->count = count;
 167
 168   // If we were interrupted, or if a timeout occurred, remove ourself from
 169   // the cv wait list now. (If we were notified normally, notify() will have
 170   // already taken care of this)
 171   if (r == ETIMEDOUT || interrupted)
 172     {
 173       _Jv_Thread_t *prev = NULL;
 174       for (_Jv_Thread_t *t = cv->first; t != NULL; t = t->next)
 175         {
 176           if (t == current)
 177             {
 178               if (prev != NULL)
 179                 prev->next = t->next;
 180               else
 181                 cv->first = t->next;
 182               t->next = NULL;
 183               break;
 184             }
 185           prev = t;
 186         }
 187       if (interrupted)
 188         return _JV_INTERRUPTED;
 189     }
 190
 191   return 0;
 192 }
 193
 194 int
 195 _Jv_CondNotify (_Jv_ConditionVariable_t *cv, _Jv_Mutex_t *mu)
 196 {
 197   if (_Jv_MutexCheckMonitor (mu))
 198     return _JV_NOT_OWNER;
 199
 200   _Jv_Thread_t *target;
 201   _Jv_Thread_t *prev = NULL;
 202
 203   for (target = cv->first; target != NULL; target = target->next)
 204     {
 205       pthread_mutex_lock (&target->wait_mutex);
 206
 207       if (target->thread_obj->interrupt_flag)
 208         {
 209           // Don't notify a thread that has already been interrupted.
 210           pthread_mutex_unlock (&target->wait_mutex);
 211           prev = target;
 212           continue;
 213         }
 214
 215       pthread_cond_signal (&target->wait_cond);
 216       pthread_mutex_unlock (&target->wait_mutex);
 217
 218       // Two concurrent notify() calls must not be delivered to the same
 219       // thread, so remove the target thread from the cv wait list now.
 220       if (prev == NULL)
 221         cv->first = target->next;
 222       else
 223         prev->next = target->next;
 224
 225       target->next = NULL;
 226
 227       break;
 228     }
 229
 230   return 0;
 231 }
 232
 233 int
 234 _Jv_CondNotifyAll (_Jv_ConditionVariable_t *cv, _Jv_Mutex_t *mu)
 235 {
 236   if (_Jv_MutexCheckMonitor (mu))
 237     return _JV_NOT_OWNER;
 238
 239   _Jv_Thread_t *target;
 240   _Jv_Thread_t *prev = NULL;
 241
 242   for (target = cv->first; target != NULL; target = target->next)
 243     {
 244       pthread_mutex_lock (&target->wait_mutex);
 245       pthread_cond_signal (&target->wait_cond);
 246       pthread_mutex_unlock (&target->wait_mutex);
 247
 248       if (prev != NULL)
 249         prev->next = NULL;
 250       prev = target;
 251     }
 252   if (prev != NULL)
 253     prev->next = NULL;
 254
 255   cv->first = NULL;
 256
 257   return 0;
 258 }
 259
 260 void
 261 _Jv_ThreadInterrupt (_Jv_Thread_t *data)
 262 {
 263   pthread_mutex_lock (&data->wait_mutex);
 264
 265   // Set the thread's interrupted flag *after* aquiring its wait_mutex. This
 266   // ensures that there are no races with the interrupt flag being set after
 267   // the waiting thread checks it and before pthread_cond_wait is entered.
 268   data->thread_obj->interrupt_flag = true;
 269
 270   // Interrupt blocking system calls using a signal.
 271   pthread_kill (data->thread, INTR);
 272
 273   pthread_cond_signal (&data->wait_cond);
 274
 275   pthread_mutex_unlock (&data->wait_mutex);
 276 }
 277
 278 static void
 279 handle_intr (int)
 280 {
 281   // Do nothing.
 282 }
 283
 284 static void
 285 block_sigchld()
 286 {
 287   sigset_t mask;
 288   sigemptyset (&mask);
 289   sigaddset (&mask, SIGCHLD);
 290   int c = pthread_sigmask (SIG_BLOCK, &mask, NULL);
 291   if (c != 0)
 292     JvFail (strerror (c));
 293 }
 294
 295 void
 296 _Jv_InitThreads (void)
 297 {
 298   pthread_key_create (&_Jv_ThreadKey, NULL);
 299   pthread_key_create (&_Jv_ThreadDataKey, NULL);
 300   pthread_mutex_init (&daemon_mutex, NULL);
 301   pthread_cond_init (&daemon_cond, 0);
 302   non_daemon_count = 0;
 303
 304   // Arrange for the interrupt signal to interrupt system calls.
 305   struct sigaction act;
 306   act.sa_handler = handle_intr;
 307   sigemptyset (&act.sa_mask);
 308   act.sa_flags = 0;
 309   sigaction (INTR, &act, NULL);
 310
 311   // Block SIGCHLD here to ensure that any non-Java threads inherit the new
 312   // signal mask.
 313   block_sigchld();
 314
 315   // Check/set the thread stack size.
 316   size_t min_ss = 32 * 1024;
 317
 318   if (sizeof (void *) == 8)
 319     // Bigger default on 64-bit systems.
 320     min_ss *= 2;
 321
 322   if (min_ss < PTHREAD_STACK_MIN)
 323     min_ss = PTHREAD_STACK_MIN;
 324
 325   if (gcj::stack_size > 0 && gcj::stack_size < min_ss)
 326     gcj::stack_size = min_ss;
 327 }
 328
 329 _Jv_Thread_t *
 330 _Jv_ThreadInitData (java::lang::Thread *obj)
 331 {
 332   _Jv_Thread_t *data = (_Jv_Thread_t *) _Jv_Malloc (sizeof (_Jv_Thread_t));
 333   data->flags = 0;
 334   data->thread_obj = obj;
 335
 336   pthread_mutex_init (&data->wait_mutex, NULL);
 337   pthread_cond_init (&data->wait_cond, NULL);
 338
 339   return data;
 340 }
 341
 342 void
 343 _Jv_ThreadDestroyData (_Jv_Thread_t *data)
 344 {
 345   pthread_mutex_destroy (&data->wait_mutex);
 346   pthread_cond_destroy (&data->wait_cond);
 347   _Jv_Free ((void *)data);
 348 }
 349
 350 void
 351 _Jv_ThreadSetPriority (_Jv_Thread_t *data, jint prio)
 352 {
 353 #ifdef _POSIX_THREAD_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING
 354   if (data->flags & FLAG_START)
 355     {
 356       struct sched_param param;
 357
 358       param.sched_priority = prio;
 359       pthread_setschedparam (data->thread, SCHED_OTHER, &param);
 360     }
 361 #endif
 362 }
 363
 364 void
 365 _Jv_ThreadRegister (_Jv_Thread_t *data)
 366 {
 367   pthread_setspecific (_Jv_ThreadKey, data->thread_obj);
 368   pthread_setspecific (_Jv_ThreadDataKey, data);
 369
 370   // glibc 2.1.3 doesn't set the value of `thread' until after start_routine
 371   // is called. Since it may need to be accessed from the new thread, work
 372   // around the potential race here by explicitly setting it again.
 373   data->thread = pthread_self ();
 374
 375 # ifdef SLOW_PTHREAD_SELF
 376     // Clear all self cache slots that might be needed by this thread.
 377     int dummy;
 378     int low_index = SC_INDEX(&dummy) + SC_CLEAR_MIN;
 379     int high_index = SC_INDEX(&dummy) + SC_CLEAR_MAX;
 380     for (int i = low_index; i <= high_index; ++i)
 381       {
 382         int current_index = i;
 383         if (current_index < 0)
 384           current_index += SELF_CACHE_SIZE;
 385         if (current_index >= SELF_CACHE_SIZE)
 386           current_index -= SELF_CACHE_SIZE;
 387         _Jv_self_cache[current_index].high_sp_bits = BAD_HIGH_SP_VALUE;
 388       }
 389 # endif
 390   // Block SIGCHLD which is used in natPosixProcess.cc.
 391   block_sigchld();
 392 }
 393
 394 void
 395 _Jv_ThreadUnRegister ()
 396 {
 397   pthread_setspecific (_Jv_ThreadKey, NULL);
 398   pthread_setspecific (_Jv_ThreadDataKey, NULL);
 399 }
 400
 401 // This function is called when a thread is started.  We don't arrange
 402 // to call the `run' method directly, because this function must
 403 // return a value.
 404 static void *
 405 really_start (void *x)
 406 {
 407   struct starter *info = (struct starter *) x;
 408
 409   _Jv_ThreadRegister (info->data);
 410
 411   info->method (info->data->thread_obj);
 412
 413   if (! (info->data->flags & FLAG_DAEMON))
 414     {
 415       pthread_mutex_lock (&daemon_mutex);
 416       --non_daemon_count;
 417       if (! non_daemon_count)
 418         pthread_cond_signal (&daemon_cond);
 419       pthread_mutex_unlock (&daemon_mutex);
 420     }
 421
 422   return NULL;
 423 }
 424
 425 void
 426 _Jv_ThreadStart (java::lang::Thread *thread, _Jv_Thread_t *data,
 427                  _Jv_ThreadStartFunc *meth)
 428 {
 429   struct sched_param param;
 430   pthread_attr_t attr;
 431   struct starter *info;
 432
 433   if (data->flags & FLAG_START)
 434     return;
 435   data->flags |= FLAG_START;
 436
 437   // Block SIGCHLD which is used in natPosixProcess.cc.
 438   // The current mask is inherited by the child thread.
 439   block_sigchld();
 440
 441   param.sched_priority = thread->getPriority();
 442
 443   pthread_attr_init (&attr);
 444   pthread_attr_setschedparam (&attr, &param);
 445   pthread_attr_setdetachstate (&attr, PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED);
 446
 447   // Set stack size if -Xss option was given.
 448   if (gcj::stack_size > 0)
 449     {
 450       int e = pthread_attr_setstacksize (&attr, gcj::stack_size);
 451       if (e != 0)
 452         JvFail (strerror (e));
 453     }
 454
 455   info = (struct starter *) _Jv_AllocBytes (sizeof (struct starter));
 456   info->method = meth;
 457   info->data = data;
 458
 459   if (! thread->isDaemon())
 460     {
 461       pthread_mutex_lock (&daemon_mutex);
 462       ++non_daemon_count;
 463       pthread_mutex_unlock (&daemon_mutex);
 464     }
 465   else
 466     data->flags |= FLAG_DAEMON;
 467   int r = pthread_create (&data->thread, &attr, really_start, (void *) info);
 468
 469   pthread_attr_destroy (&attr);
 470
 471   if (r)
 472     {
 473       const char* msg = "Cannot create additional threads";
 474       throw new java::lang::OutOfMemoryError (JvNewStringUTF (msg));
 475     }
 476 }
 477
 478 void
 479 _Jv_ThreadWait (void)
 480 {
 481   pthread_mutex_lock (&daemon_mutex);
 482   if (non_daemon_count)
 483     pthread_cond_wait (&daemon_cond, &daemon_mutex);
 484   pthread_mutex_unlock (&daemon_mutex);
 485 }
 486
 487 #if defined(SLOW_PTHREAD_SELF)
 488
 489 #include "sysdep/locks.h"
 490
 491 // Support for pthread_self() lookup cache.
 492 volatile self_cache_entry _Jv_self_cache[SELF_CACHE_SIZE];
 493
 494 _Jv_ThreadId_t
 495 _Jv_ThreadSelf_out_of_line(volatile self_cache_entry *sce, size_t high_sp_bits)
 496 {
 497   pthread_t self = pthread_self();
 498   sce -> high_sp_bits = high_sp_bits;
 499   write_barrier();
 500   sce -> self = self;
 501   return self;
 502 }
 503
 504 #endif /* SLOW_PTHREAD_SELF */