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   3 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Appendix D.  GNU General Public License version 3</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.74.3" /><link rel="home" href="../spine.html" title="The GNU C++ Library Documentation" /><link rel="up" href="spine.html" title="The GNU C++ Library" /><link rel="prev" href="appendix_free.html" title="Appendix C.  Free Software Needs Free Documentation" /><link rel="next" href="appendix_gfdl.html" title="Appendix E. GNU Free Documentation License" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Appendix D.
   4     GNU General Public License version 3
   5   </th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="appendix_free.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">The GNU C++ Library</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="appendix_gfdl.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="appendix" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="appendix.gpl-3.0"></a>Appendix D.
   6     <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License version 3
   7   </h2></div></div></div><p>
   8     Version 3, 29 June 2007
   9   </p><p>
  10     Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
  11     <a class="ulink" href="http://fsf.org/" target="_top">http://fsf.org/</a>
  12   </p><p>
  13     Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license
  14     document, but changing it is not allowed.
  15   </p><h2><a id="gpl-3-preamble"></a>
  16     Preamble
  17   </h2><p>
  18     The <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License is a free, copyleft
  19     license for software and other kinds of works.
  20   </p><p>
  21     The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed to
  22     take away your freedom to share and change the works.  By contrast, the
  23     <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License is intended to guarantee your
  24     freedom to share and change all versions of a program—to make sure it
  25     remains free software for all its users.  We, the Free Software Foundation,
  26     use the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License for most of our
  27     software; it applies also to any other work released this way by its
  28     authors.  You can apply it to your programs, too.
  29   </p><p>
  30     When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price.  Our
  31     General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom
  32     to distribute copies of free software (and charge for them if you wish),
  33     that you receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you can
  34     change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs, and that you
  35     know you can do these things.
  36   </p><p>
  37     To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from denying you these
  38     rights or asking you to surrender the rights.  Therefore, you have certain
  39     responsibilities if you distribute copies of the software, or if you modify
  40     it: responsibilities to respect the freedom of others.
  41   </p><p>
  42     For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or
  43     for a fee, you must pass on to the recipients the same freedoms that you
  44     received.  You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source
  45     code.  And you must show them these terms so they know their rights.
  46   </p><p>
  47     Developers that use the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> <acronym class="acronym">GPL</acronym>
  48     protect your rights with two steps: (1) assert copyright on the software,
  49     and (2) offer you this License giving you legal permission to copy,
  50     distribute and/or modify it.
  51   </p><p>
  52     For the developers’ and authors’ protection, the
  53     <acronym class="acronym">GPL</acronym> clearly explains that there is no warranty for this
  54     free software.  For both users’ and authors’ sake, the
  55     <acronym class="acronym">GPL</acronym> requires that modified versions be marked as changed,
  56     so that their problems will not be attributed erroneously to authors of
  57     previous versions.
  58   </p><p>
  59     Some devices are designed to deny users access to install or run modified
  60     versions of the software inside them, although the manufacturer can do so.
  61     This is fundamentally incompatible with the aim of protecting users’
  62     freedom to change the software.  The systematic pattern of such abuse occurs
  63     in the area of products for individuals to use, which is precisely where it
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  69   </p><p>
  70     Finally, every program is threatened constantly by software patents.  States
  71     should not allow patents to restrict development and use of software on
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  73     special danger that patents applied to a free program could make it
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  75     assures that patents cannot be used to render the program non-free.
  76   </p><p>
  77     The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification
  78     follow.
  79   </p><h2><a id="id590646"></a>
  80     TERMS AND CONDITIONS
  81   </h2><h2><a id="gpl-3-definitions"></a>
  82     0. Definitions.
  83   </h2><p>
  84     “This License” refers to version 3 of the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym>
  85     General Public License.
  86   </p><p>
  87     “Copyright” also means copyright-like laws that apply to other
  88     kinds of works, such as semiconductor masks.
  89   </p><p>
  90     “The Program” refers to any copyrightable work licensed under
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  92     “Licensees” and “recipients” may be individuals or
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  95     To “modify” a work means to copy from or adapt all or part of
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 101     A “covered work” means either the unmodified Program or a work
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 104     To “propagate” a work means to do anything with it that, without
 105     permission, would make you directly or secondarily liable for infringement
 106     under applicable copyright law, except executing it on a computer or
 107     modifying a private copy.  Propagation includes copying, distribution (with
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 111     To “convey” a work means any kind of propagation that enables
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 163   </p><h2><a id="BasicPermissions"></a>
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 206     You may convey verbatim copies of the Program’s source code as you
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 214     You may charge any price or no price for each copy that you convey, and you
 215     may offer support or warranty protection for a fee.
 216   </p><h2><a id="ConveyingModified"></a>
 217     5. Conveying Modified Source Versions.
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 219     You may convey a work based on the Program, or the modifications to produce
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 224         giving a relevant date.
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 226         The work must carry prominent notices stating that it is released under
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 228         modifies the requirement in section 4 to “keep intact all
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 250     permit.  Inclusion of a covered work in an aggregate does not cause
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 252   </p><h2><a id="ConveyingNonSource"></a>
 253     6. Conveying Non-Source Forms.
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 255     You may convey a covered work in object code form under the terms of
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 259         Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product (including
 260         a physical distribution medium), accompanied by the Corresponding Source
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 264         Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product (including
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 298     A separable portion of the object code, whose source code is excluded from
 299     the Corresponding Source as a System Library, need not be included in
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 302     A “User Product” is either (1) a “consumer product”,
 303     which means any tangible personal property which is normally used for
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 307     For a particular product received by a particular user, “normally
 308     used” refers to a typical or common use of that class of product,
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 315     “Installation Information” for a User Product means any methods,
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 323     If you convey an object code work under this section in, or with, or
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 334     The requirement to provide Installation Information does not include a
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 346     copying.
 347   </p><h2><a id="AdditionalTerms"></a>
 348      7. Additional Terms.
 349    </h2><p>
 350      “Additional permissions” are terms that supplement the terms of
 351      this License by making exceptions from one or more of its conditions.
 352      Additional permissions that are applicable to the entire Program shall be
 353      treated as though they were included in this License, to the extent that
 354      they are valid under applicable law.  If additional permissions apply only
 355      to part of the Program, that part may be used separately under those
 356      permissions, but the entire Program remains governed by this License
 357      without regard to the additional permissions.
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 359      When you convey a copy of a covered work, you may at your option remove any
 360      additional permissions from that copy, or from any part of it.  (Additional
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 366      Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, for material you add
 367      to a covered work, you may (if authorized by the copyright holders of that
 368      material) supplement the terms of this License with terms:
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 370          Disclaiming warranty or limiting liability differently from the terms
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 412      8. Termination.
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 473    </p><h2><a id="Patents"></a>
 474     11. Patents.
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 476     A “contributor” is a copyright holder who authorizes use under
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 480   </p><p>
 481     A contributor’s “essential patent claims” are all patent
 482     claims owned or controlled by the contributor, whether already acquired or
 483     hereafter acquired, that would be infringed by some manner, permitted by
 484     this License, of making, using, or selling its contributor version, but do
 485     not include claims that would be infringed only as a consequence of further
 486     modification of the contributor version.  For purposes of this definition,
 487     “control” includes the right to grant patent sublicenses in a
 488     manner consistent with the requirements of this License.
 489   </p><p>
 490     Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free patent
 491     license under the contributor’s essential patent claims, to make, use,
 492     sell, offer for sale, import and otherwise run, modify and propagate the
 493     contents of its contributor version.
 494   </p><p>
 495     In the following three paragraphs, a “patent license” is any
 496     express agreement or commitment, however denominated, not to enforce a
 497     patent (such as an express permission to practice a patent or covenant not
 498     to sue for patent infringement).  To “grant” such a patent
 499     license to a party means to make such an agreement or commitment not to
 500     enforce a patent against the party.
 501   </p><p>
 502     If you convey a covered work, knowingly relying on a patent license, and the
 503     Corresponding Source of the work is not available for anyone to copy, free
 504     of charge and under the terms of this License, through a publicly available
 505     network server or other readily accessible means, then you must either (1)
 506     cause the Corresponding Source to be so available, or (2) arrange to deprive
 507     yourself of the benefit of the patent license for this particular work, or
 508     (3) arrange, in a manner consistent with the requirements of this License,
 509     to extend the patent license to downstream recipients.  “Knowingly
 510     relying” means you have actual knowledge that, but for the patent
 511     license, your conveying the covered work in a country, or your
 512     recipient’s use of the covered work in a country, would infringe one
 513     or more identifiable patents in that country that you have reason to believe
 514     are valid.
 515   </p><p>
 516     If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or arrangement,
 517     you convey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a covered work, and
 518     grant a patent license to some of the parties receiving the covered work
 519     authorizing them to use, propagate, modify or convey a specific copy of the
 520     covered work, then the patent license you grant is automatically extended to
 521     all recipients of the covered work and works based on it.
 522   </p><p>
 523     A patent license is “discriminatory” if it does not include
 524     within the scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is
 525     conditioned on the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are
 526     specifically granted under this License.  You may not convey a covered work
 527     if you are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is in the
 528     business of distributing software, under which you make payment to the third
 529     party based on the extent of your activity of conveying the work, and under
 530     which the third party grants, to any of the parties who would receive the
 531     covered work from you, a discriminatory patent license (a) in connection
 532     with copies of the covered work conveyed by you (or copies made from those
 533     copies), or (b) primarily for and in connection with specific products or
 534     compilations that contain the covered work, unless you entered into that
 535     arrangement, or that patent license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007.
 536   </p><p>
 537     Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting any
 538     implied license or other defenses to infringement that may otherwise be
 539     available to you under applicable patent law.
 540   </p><h2><a id="NoSurrender"></a>
 541     12. No Surrender of Others’ Freedom.
 542   </h2><p>
 543     If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
 544     otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
 545     excuse you from the conditions of this License.  If you cannot convey a
 546     covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
 547     License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may
 548     not convey it at all.  For example, if you agree to terms that obligate you
 549     to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey the
 550     Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this License
 551     would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program.
 552   </p><h2><a id="UsedWithAGPL"></a>
 553     13. Use with the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> Affero General Public License.
 554   </h2><p>
 555     Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have permission to
 556     link or combine any covered work with a work licensed under version 3 of the
 557     <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> Affero General Public License into a single combined
 558     work, and to convey the resulting work.  The terms of this License will
 559     continue to apply to the part which is the covered work, but the special
 560     requirements of the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> Affero General Public License,
 561     section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the
 562     combination as such.
 563   </p><h2><a id="RevisedVersions"></a>
 564     14. Revised Versions of this License.
 565   </h2><p>
 566     The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the
 567     <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License from time to time.  Such new
 568     versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in
 569     detail to address new problems or concerns.
 570   </p><p>
 571     Each version is given a distinguishing version number.  If the Program
 572     specifies that a certain numbered version of the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym>
 573     General Public License “or any later version” applies to it, you
 574     have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that
 575     numbered version or of any later version published by the Free Software
 576     Foundation.  If the Program does not specify a version number of the
 577     <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License, you may choose any version
 578     ever published by the Free Software Foundation.
 579   </p><p>
 580     If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of
 581     the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License can be used, that
 582     proxy’s public statement of acceptance of a version permanently
 583     authorizes you to choose that version for the Program.
 584   </p><p>
 585     Later license versions may give you additional or different permissions.
 586     However, no additional obligations are imposed on any author or copyright
 587     holder as a result of your choosing to follow a later version.
 588   </p><h2><a id="WarrantyDisclaimer"></a>
 589     15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
 590   </h2><p>
 591     THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE
 592     LAW.  EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR
 593     OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF
 594     ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 595     IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
 596     THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH
 597     YOU.  SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL
 598     NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
 599   </p><h2><a id="LiabilityLimitation"></a>
 600     16. Limitation of Liability.
 601   </h2><p>
 602     IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL
 603     ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS THE
 604     PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
 605     GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE
 606     OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA
 607     OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD
 608     PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
 609     EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 610     SUCH DAMAGES.
 611   </p><h2><a id="InterpretationSecs1516"></a>
 612     17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
 613   </h2><p>
 614     If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided above
 615     cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms, reviewing
 616     courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates an absolute
 617     waiver of all civil liability in connection with the Program, unless a
 618     warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a copy of the Program in
 619     return for a fee.
 620   </p><h2><a id="id534935"></a>
 621     END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
 622   </h2><h2><a id="HowToApply"></a>
 623     How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
 624   </h2><p>
 625     If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible
 626     use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software
 627     which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
 628   </p><p>
 629     To do so, attach the following notices to the program.  It is safest to
 630     attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively state the
 631     exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the
 632     “copyright” line and a pointer to where the full notice is
 633     found.
 634   </p><pre class="screen">
 635 <em class="replaceable"><code>one line to give the program’s name and a brief idea of what it does.</code></em>
 636 Copyright (C) <em class="replaceable"><code>year</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>name of author</code></em>
 637
 638 This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 639 it under the terms of the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License as published by
 640 the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 641 (at your option) any later version.
 642
 643 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 644 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 645 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 646 <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License for more details.
 647
 648 You should have received a copy of the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License
 649 along with this program.  If not, see <a class="ulink" href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/" target="_top">http://www.gnu.org/licenses/</a>.
 650   </pre><p>
 651     Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
 652   </p><p>
 653     If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short notice like
 654     this when it starts in an interactive mode:
 655   </p><pre class="screen">
 656 <em class="replaceable"><code>program</code></em> Copyright (C) <em class="replaceable"><code>year</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>name of author</code></em>
 657 This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type ‘<code class="literal">show w</code>’.
 658 This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
 659 under certain conditions; type ‘<code class="literal">show c</code>’ for details.
 660   </pre><p>
 661     The hypothetical commands ‘<code class="literal">show w</code>’ and
 662     ‘<code class="literal">show c</code>’ should show the appropriate parts of
 663     the General Public License.  Of course, your program’s commands might be
 664     different; for a GUI interface, you would use an “about box”.
 665   </p><p>
 666     You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
 667     if any, to sign a “copyright disclaimer” for the program, if
 668     necessary.  For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the
 669     <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> <acronym class="acronym">GPL</acronym>, see
 670     <a class="ulink" href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/" target="_top">http://www.gnu.org/licenses/</a>.
 671   </p><p>
 672     The <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License does not permit
 673     incorporating your program into proprietary programs.  If your program is a
 674     subroutine library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking
 675     proprietary applications with the library.  If this is what you want to do,
 676     use the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> Lesser General Public License instead of this
 677     License.  But first, please read <a class="ulink" href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html" target="_top">http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html</a>.
 678   </p></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="appendix_free.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="spine.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="appendix_gfdl.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Appendix C.
 679   Free Software Needs Free Documentation
 680
 681  </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../spine.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Appendix E. GNU Free Documentation License</td></tr></table></div></body></html>