2 * Copyright (c) 2007 The Hewlett-Packard Development Company
5 * The license below extends only to copyright in the software and shall
6 * not be construed as granting a license to any other intellectual
7 * property including but not limited to intellectual property relating
8 * to a hardware implementation of the functionality of the software
9 * licensed hereunder. You may use the software subject to the license
10 * terms below provided that you ensure that this notice is replicated
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12 * modified or unmodified, in source code or in binary form.
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15 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
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17 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer;
18 * redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
19 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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21 * neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its
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23 * this software without specific prior written permission.
25 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
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40 #include "arch/x86/system.hh"
42 #include "arch/vtophys.hh"
43 #include "arch/x86/bios/intelmp.hh"
44 #include "arch/x86/bios/smbios.hh"
45 #include "arch/x86/isa_traits.hh"
46 #include "arch/x86/regs/misc.hh"
47 #include "base/intmath.hh"
48 #include "base/loader/object_file.hh"
49 #include "base/loader/symtab.hh"
50 #include "base/trace.hh"
51 #include "cpu/thread_context.hh"
52 #include "mem/port_proxy.hh"
53 #include "params/X86System.hh"
54 #include "sim/byteswap.hh"
56 using namespace LittleEndianGuest
;
57 using namespace X86ISA
;
59 X86System::X86System(Params
*p
) :
60 System(p
), smbiosTable(p
->smbios_table
),
61 mpFloatingPointer(p
->intel_mp_pointer
),
62 mpConfigTable(p
->intel_mp_table
),
63 rsdp(p
->acpi_description_table_pointer
)
68 X86ISA::installSegDesc(ThreadContext
*tc
, SegmentRegIndex seg
,
69 SegDescriptor desc
, bool longmode
)
71 uint64_t base
= desc
.baseLow
+ (desc
.baseHigh
<< 24);
72 bool honorBase
= !longmode
|| seg
== SEGMENT_REG_FS
||
73 seg
== SEGMENT_REG_GS
||
74 seg
== SEGMENT_REG_TSL
||
75 seg
== SYS_SEGMENT_REG_TR
;
76 uint64_t limit
= desc
.limitLow
| (desc
.limitHigh
<< 16);
82 attr
.defaultSize
= desc
.d
;
83 attr
.longMode
= desc
.l
;
85 attr
.granularity
= desc
.g
;
86 attr
.present
= desc
.p
;
88 attr
.type
= desc
.type
;
90 if (desc
.type
.codeOrData
) {
93 attr
.readable
= desc
.type
.r
;
97 attr
.expandDown
= desc
.type
.e
;
99 attr
.writable
= desc
.type
.w
;
107 tc
->setMiscReg(MISCREG_SEG_BASE(seg
), base
);
108 tc
->setMiscReg(MISCREG_SEG_EFF_BASE(seg
), honorBase
? base
: 0);
109 tc
->setMiscReg(MISCREG_SEG_LIMIT(seg
), limit
);
110 tc
->setMiscReg(MISCREG_SEG_ATTR(seg
), (MiscReg
)attr
);
114 X86System::initState()
119 fatal("No kernel to load.\n");
121 if (kernel
->getArch() == ObjectFile::I386
)
122 fatal("Loading a 32 bit x86 kernel is not supported.\n");
124 ThreadContext
*tc
= threadContexts
[0];
125 // This is the boot strap processor (BSP). Initialize it to look like
126 // the boot loader has just turned control over to the 64 bit OS. We
127 // won't actually set up real mode or legacy protected mode descriptor
128 // tables because we aren't executing any code that would require
129 // them. We do, however toggle the control bits in the correct order
130 // while allowing consistency checks and the underlying mechansims
133 const int NumPDTs
= 4;
135 const Addr PageMapLevel4
= 0x70000;
136 const Addr PageDirPtrTable
= 0x71000;
137 const Addr PageDirTable
[NumPDTs
] =
138 {0x72000, 0x73000, 0x74000, 0x75000};
139 const Addr GDTBase
= 0x76000;
141 const int PML4Bits
= 9;
142 const int PDPTBits
= 9;
143 const int PDTBits
= 9;
148 uint8_t numGDTEntries
= 0;
149 // Place holder at selector 0
150 uint64_t nullDescriptor
= 0;
151 physProxy
.writeBlob(GDTBase
+ numGDTEntries
* 8,
152 (uint8_t *)(&nullDescriptor
), 8);
155 SegDescriptor initDesc
= 0;
156 initDesc
.type
.codeOrData
= 0; // code or data type
157 initDesc
.type
.c
= 0; // conforming
158 initDesc
.type
.r
= 1; // readable
159 initDesc
.dpl
= 0; // privilege
160 initDesc
.p
= 1; // present
161 initDesc
.l
= 1; // longmode - 64 bit
162 initDesc
.d
= 0; // operand size
163 initDesc
.g
= 1; // granularity
164 initDesc
.s
= 1; // system segment
165 initDesc
.limitHigh
= 0xFFFF;
166 initDesc
.limitLow
= 0xF;
167 initDesc
.baseHigh
= 0x0;
168 initDesc
.baseLow
= 0x0;
170 //64 bit code segment
171 SegDescriptor csDesc
= initDesc
;
172 csDesc
.type
.codeOrData
= 1;
174 //Because we're dealing with a pointer and I don't think it's
175 //guaranteed that there isn't anything in a nonvirtual class between
176 //it's beginning in memory and it's actual data, we'll use an
178 uint64_t csDescVal
= csDesc
;
179 physProxy
.writeBlob(GDTBase
+ numGDTEntries
* 8,
180 (uint8_t *)(&csDescVal
), 8);
185 cs
.si
= numGDTEntries
- 1;
187 tc
->setMiscReg(MISCREG_CS
, (MiscReg
)cs
);
189 //32 bit data segment
190 SegDescriptor dsDesc
= initDesc
;
191 uint64_t dsDescVal
= dsDesc
;
192 physProxy
.writeBlob(GDTBase
+ numGDTEntries
* 8,
193 (uint8_t *)(&dsDescVal
), 8);
198 ds
.si
= numGDTEntries
- 1;
200 tc
->setMiscReg(MISCREG_DS
, (MiscReg
)ds
);
201 tc
->setMiscReg(MISCREG_ES
, (MiscReg
)ds
);
202 tc
->setMiscReg(MISCREG_FS
, (MiscReg
)ds
);
203 tc
->setMiscReg(MISCREG_GS
, (MiscReg
)ds
);
204 tc
->setMiscReg(MISCREG_SS
, (MiscReg
)ds
);
206 tc
->setMiscReg(MISCREG_TSL
, 0);
207 tc
->setMiscReg(MISCREG_TSG_BASE
, GDTBase
);
208 tc
->setMiscReg(MISCREG_TSG_LIMIT
, 8 * numGDTEntries
- 1);
210 SegDescriptor tssDesc
= initDesc
;
211 uint64_t tssDescVal
= tssDesc
;
212 physProxy
.writeBlob(GDTBase
+ numGDTEntries
* 8,
213 (uint8_t *)(&tssDescVal
), 8);
218 tss
.si
= numGDTEntries
- 1;
220 tc
->setMiscReg(MISCREG_TR
, (MiscReg
)tss
);
221 installSegDesc(tc
, SYS_SEGMENT_REG_TR
, tssDesc
, true);
224 * Identity map the first 4GB of memory. In order to map this region
225 * of memory in long mode, there needs to be one actual page map level
226 * 4 entry which points to one page directory pointer table which
227 * points to 4 different page directory tables which are full of two
228 * megabyte pages. All of the other entries in valid tables are set
229 * to indicate that they don't pertain to anything valid and will
230 * cause a fault if used.
233 // Put valid values in all of the various table entries which indicate
234 // that those entries don't point to further tables or pages. Then
235 // set the values of those entries which are needed.
239 // read/write, user, not present
240 uint64_t pml4e
= X86ISA::htog(0x6);
241 for (int offset
= 0; offset
< (1 << PML4Bits
) * 8; offset
+= 8) {
242 physProxy
.writeBlob(PageMapLevel4
+ offset
, (uint8_t *)(&pml4e
), 8);
244 // Point to the only PDPT
245 pml4e
= X86ISA::htog(0x7 | PageDirPtrTable
);
246 physProxy
.writeBlob(PageMapLevel4
, (uint8_t *)(&pml4e
), 8);
248 // Page Directory Pointer Table
250 // read/write, user, not present
251 uint64_t pdpe
= X86ISA::htog(0x6);
252 for (int offset
= 0; offset
< (1 << PDPTBits
) * 8; offset
+= 8) {
253 physProxy
.writeBlob(PageDirPtrTable
+ offset
,
254 (uint8_t *)(&pdpe
), 8);
257 for (int table
= 0; table
< NumPDTs
; table
++) {
258 pdpe
= X86ISA::htog(0x7 | PageDirTable
[table
]);
259 physProxy
.writeBlob(PageDirPtrTable
+ table
* 8,
260 (uint8_t *)(&pdpe
), 8);
263 // Page Directory Tables
266 const Addr pageSize
= 2 << 20;
267 for (int table
= 0; table
< NumPDTs
; table
++) {
268 for (int offset
= 0; offset
< (1 << PDTBits
) * 8; offset
+= 8) {
269 // read/write, user, present, 4MB
270 uint64_t pdte
= X86ISA::htog(0x87 | base
);
271 physProxy
.writeBlob(PageDirTable
[table
] + offset
,
272 (uint8_t *)(&pdte
), 8);
278 * Transition from real mode all the way up to Long mode
280 CR0 cr0
= tc
->readMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_CR0
);
283 tc
->setMiscReg(MISCREG_CR0
, cr0
);
284 //Turn on protected mode.
286 tc
->setMiscReg(MISCREG_CR0
, cr0
);
288 CR4 cr4
= tc
->readMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_CR4
);
291 tc
->setMiscReg(MISCREG_CR4
, cr4
);
293 //Point to the page tables.
294 tc
->setMiscReg(MISCREG_CR3
, PageMapLevel4
);
296 Efer efer
= tc
->readMiscRegNoEffect(MISCREG_EFER
);
299 tc
->setMiscReg(MISCREG_EFER
, efer
);
301 //Start using longmode segments.
302 installSegDesc(tc
, SEGMENT_REG_CS
, csDesc
, true);
303 installSegDesc(tc
, SEGMENT_REG_DS
, dsDesc
, true);
304 installSegDesc(tc
, SEGMENT_REG_ES
, dsDesc
, true);
305 installSegDesc(tc
, SEGMENT_REG_FS
, dsDesc
, true);
306 installSegDesc(tc
, SEGMENT_REG_GS
, dsDesc
, true);
307 installSegDesc(tc
, SEGMENT_REG_SS
, dsDesc
, true);
309 //Activate long mode.
311 tc
->setMiscReg(MISCREG_CR0
, cr0
);
313 tc
->pcState(tc
->getSystemPtr()->kernelEntry
);
315 // We should now be in long mode. Yay!
317 Addr ebdaPos
= 0xF0000;
320 //Write out the SMBios/DMI table
321 writeOutSMBiosTable(ebdaPos
, fixed
, table
);
322 ebdaPos
+= (fixed
+ table
);
323 ebdaPos
= roundUp(ebdaPos
, 16);
325 //Write out the Intel MP Specification configuration table
326 writeOutMPTable(ebdaPos
, fixed
, table
);
327 ebdaPos
+= (fixed
+ table
);
331 X86System::writeOutSMBiosTable(Addr header
,
332 Addr
&headerSize
, Addr
&structSize
, Addr table
)
334 // If the table location isn't specified, just put it after the header.
335 // The header size as of the 2.5 SMBios specification is 0x1F bytes
337 table
= header
+ 0x1F;
338 smbiosTable
->setTableAddr(table
);
340 smbiosTable
->writeOut(physProxy
, header
, headerSize
, structSize
);
342 // Do some bounds checking to make sure we at least didn't step on
344 assert(header
> table
|| header
+ headerSize
<= table
);
345 assert(table
> header
|| table
+ structSize
<= header
);
349 X86System::writeOutMPTable(Addr fp
,
350 Addr
&fpSize
, Addr
&tableSize
, Addr table
)
352 // If the table location isn't specified and it exists, just put
353 // it after the floating pointer. The fp size as of the 1.4 Intel MP
354 // specification is 0x10 bytes.
358 mpFloatingPointer
->setTableAddr(table
);
361 fpSize
= mpFloatingPointer
->writeOut(physProxy
, fp
);
363 tableSize
= mpConfigTable
->writeOut(physProxy
, table
);
367 // Do some bounds checking to make sure we at least didn't step on
368 // ourselves and the fp structure was the size we thought it was.
369 assert(fp
> table
|| fp
+ fpSize
<= table
);
370 assert(table
> fp
|| table
+ tableSize
<= fp
);
371 assert(fpSize
== 0x10);
375 X86System::~X86System()
381 X86SystemParams::create()
383 return new X86System(this);