glsl: Include util/strndup.h.

[mesa.git] / src / glsl / linker.cpp

/*
 * Copyright © 2010 Intel Corporation
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
 * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
 * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
 * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
 * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
 * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice (including the next
 * paragraph) shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the
 * Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL
 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
 * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
 * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 */

/**
 * \file linker.cpp
 * GLSL linker implementation
 *
 * Given a set of shaders that are to be linked to generate a final program,
 * there are three distinct stages.
 *
 * In the first stage shaders are partitioned into groups based on the shader
 * type.  All shaders of a particular type (e.g., vertex shaders) are linked
 * together.
 *
 *   - Undefined references in each shader are resolve to definitions in
 *     another shader.
 *   - Types and qualifiers of uniforms, outputs, and global variables defined
 *     in multiple shaders with the same name are verified to be the same.
 *   - Initializers for uniforms and global variables defined
 *     in multiple shaders with the same name are verified to be the same.
 *
 * The result, in the terminology of the GLSL spec, is a set of shader
 * executables for each processing unit.
 *
 * After the first stage is complete, a series of semantic checks are performed
 * on each of the shader executables.
 *
 *   - Each shader executable must define a \c main function.
 *   - Each vertex shader executable must write to \c gl_Position.
 *   - Each fragment shader executable must write to either \c gl_FragData or
 *     \c gl_FragColor.
 *
 * In the final stage individual shader executables are linked to create a
 * complete exectuable.
 *
 *   - Types of uniforms defined in multiple shader stages with the same name
 *     are verified to be the same.
 *   - Initializers for uniforms defined in multiple shader stages with the
 *     same name are verified to be the same.
 *   - Types and qualifiers of outputs defined in one stage are verified to
 *     be the same as the types and qualifiers of inputs defined with the same
 *     name in a later stage.
 *
 * \author Ian Romanick <ian.d.romanick@intel.com>
 */

#include <ctype.h>
#include "util/strndup.h"
#include "main/core.h"
#include "glsl_symbol_table.h"
#include "glsl_parser_extras.h"
#include "ir.h"
#include "program.h"
#include "program/hash_table.h"
#include "linker.h"
#include "link_varyings.h"
#include "ir_optimization.h"
#include "ir_rvalue_visitor.h"
#include "ir_uniform.h"

#include "main/shaderobj.h"
#include "main/enums.h"


void linker_error(gl_shader_program *, const char *, ...);

namespace {

/**
 * Visitor that determines whether or not a variable is ever written.
 */
class find_assignment_visitor : public ir_hierarchical_visitor {
public:
   find_assignment_visitor(const char *name)
      : name(name), found(false)
   {
      /* empty */
   }

   virtual ir_visitor_status visit_enter(ir_assignment *ir)
   {
      ir_variable *const var = ir->lhs->variable_referenced();

      if (strcmp(name, var->name) == 0) {
         found = true;
         return visit_stop;
      }

      return visit_continue_with_parent;
   }

   virtual ir_visitor_status visit_enter(ir_call *ir)
   {
      foreach_two_lists(formal_node, &ir->callee->parameters,
                        actual_node, &ir->actual_parameters) {
         ir_rvalue *param_rval = (ir_rvalue *) actual_node;
         ir_variable *sig_param = (ir_variable *) formal_node;

         if (sig_param->data.mode == ir_var_function_out ||
             sig_param->data.mode == ir_var_function_inout) {
            ir_variable *var = param_rval->variable_referenced();
            if (var && strcmp(name, var->name) == 0) {
               found = true;
               return visit_stop;
            }
         }
      }

      if (ir->return_deref != NULL) {
         ir_variable *const var = ir->return_deref->variable_referenced();

         if (strcmp(name, var->name) == 0) {
            found = true;
            return visit_stop;
         }
      }

      return visit_continue_with_parent;
   }

   bool variable_found()
   {
      return found;
   }

private:
   const char *name;       /**< Find writes to a variable with this name. */
   bool found;             /**< Was a write to the variable found? */
};


/**
 * Visitor that determines whether or not a variable is ever read.
 */
class find_deref_visitor : public ir_hierarchical_visitor {
public:
   find_deref_visitor(const char *name)
      : name(name), found(false)
   {
      /* empty */
   }

   virtual ir_visitor_status visit(ir_dereference_variable *ir)
   {
      if (strcmp(this->name, ir->var->name) == 0) {
         this->found = true;
         return visit_stop;
      }

      return visit_continue;
   }

   bool variable_found() const
   {
      return this->found;
   }

private:
   const char *name;       /**< Find writes to a variable with this name. */
   bool found;             /**< Was a write to the variable found? */
};


class geom_array_resize_visitor : public ir_hierarchical_visitor {
public:
   unsigned num_vertices;
   gl_shader_program *prog;

   geom_array_resize_visitor(unsigned num_vertices, gl_shader_program *prog)
   {
      this->num_vertices = num_vertices;
      this->prog = prog;
   }

   virtual ~geom_array_resize_visitor()
   {
      /* empty */
   }

   virtual ir_visitor_status visit(ir_variable *var)
   {
      if (!var->type->is_array() || var->data.mode != ir_var_shader_in)
         return visit_continue;

      unsigned size = var->type->length;

      /* Generate a link error if the shader has declared this array with an
       * incorrect size.
       */
      if (size && size != this->num_vertices) {
         linker_error(this->prog, "size of array %s declared as %u, "
                      "but number of input vertices is %u\n",
                      var->name, size, this->num_vertices);
         return visit_continue;
      }

      /* Generate a link error if the shader attempts to access an input
       * array using an index too large for its actual size assigned at link
       * time.
       */
      if (var->data.max_array_access >= this->num_vertices) {
         linker_error(this->prog, "geometry shader accesses element %i of "
                      "%s, but only %i input vertices\n",
                      var->data.max_array_access, var->name, this->num_vertices);
         return visit_continue;
      }

      var->type = glsl_type::get_array_instance(var->type->fields.array,
                                                this->num_vertices);
      var->data.max_array_access = this->num_vertices - 1;

      return visit_continue;
   }

   /* Dereferences of input variables need to be updated so that their type
    * matches the newly assigned type of the variable they are accessing. */
   virtual ir_visitor_status visit(ir_dereference_variable *ir)
   {
      ir->type = ir->var->type;
      return visit_continue;
   }

   /* Dereferences of 2D input arrays need to be updated so that their type
    * matches the newly assigned type of the array they are accessing. */
   virtual ir_visitor_status visit_leave(ir_dereference_array *ir)
   {
      const glsl_type *const vt = ir->array->type;
      if (vt->is_array())
         ir->type = vt->fields.array;
      return visit_continue;
   }
};

class tess_eval_array_resize_visitor : public ir_hierarchical_visitor {
public:
   unsigned num_vertices;
   gl_shader_program *prog;

   tess_eval_array_resize_visitor(unsigned num_vertices, gl_shader_program *prog)
   {
      this->num_vertices = num_vertices;
      this->prog = prog;
   }

   virtual ~tess_eval_array_resize_visitor()
   {
      /* empty */
   }

   virtual ir_visitor_status visit(ir_variable *var)
   {
      if (!var->type->is_array() || var->data.mode != ir_var_shader_in || var->data.patch)
         return visit_continue;

      var->type = glsl_type::get_array_instance(var->type->fields.array,
                                                this->num_vertices);
      var->data.max_array_access = this->num_vertices - 1;

      return visit_continue;
   }

   /* Dereferences of input variables need to be updated so that their type
    * matches the newly assigned type of the variable they are accessing. */
   virtual ir_visitor_status visit(ir_dereference_variable *ir)
   {
      ir->type = ir->var->type;
      return visit_continue;
   }

   /* Dereferences of 2D input arrays need to be updated so that their type
    * matches the newly assigned type of the array they are accessing. */
   virtual ir_visitor_status visit_leave(ir_dereference_array *ir)
   {
      const glsl_type *const vt = ir->array->type;
      if (vt->is_array())
         ir->type = vt->fields.array;
      return visit_continue;
   }
};

class barrier_use_visitor : public ir_hierarchical_visitor {
public:
   barrier_use_visitor(gl_shader_program *prog)
      : prog(prog), in_main(false), after_return(false), control_flow(0)
   {
   }

   virtual ~barrier_use_visitor()
   {
      /* empty */
   }

   virtual ir_visitor_status visit_enter(ir_function *ir)
   {
      if (strcmp(ir->name, "main") == 0)
         in_main = true;

      return visit_continue;
   }

   virtual ir_visitor_status visit_leave(ir_function *)
   {
      in_main = false;
      after_return = false;
      return visit_continue;
   }

   virtual ir_visitor_status visit_leave(ir_return *)
   {
      after_return = true;
      return visit_continue;
   }

   virtual ir_visitor_status visit_enter(ir_if *)
   {
      ++control_flow;
      return visit_continue;
   }

   virtual ir_visitor_status visit_leave(ir_if *)
   {
      --control_flow;
      return visit_continue;
   }

   virtual ir_visitor_status visit_enter(ir_loop *)
   {
      ++control_flow;
      return visit_continue;
   }

   virtual ir_visitor_status visit_leave(ir_loop *)
   {
      --control_flow;
      return visit_continue;
   }

   /* FINISHME: `switch` is not expressed at the IR level -- it's already
    * been lowered to a mess of `if`s. We'll correctly disallow any use of
    * barrier() in a conditional path within the switch, but not in a path
    * which is always hit.
    */

   virtual ir_visitor_status visit_enter(ir_call *ir)
   {
      if (ir->use_builtin && strcmp(ir->callee_name(), "barrier") == 0) {
         /* Use of barrier(); determine if it is legal: */
         if (!in_main) {
            linker_error(prog, "Builtin barrier() may only be used in main");
            return visit_stop;
         }

         if (after_return) {
            linker_error(prog, "Builtin barrier() may not be used after return");
            return visit_stop;
         }

         if (control_flow != 0) {
            linker_error(prog, "Builtin barrier() may not be used inside control flow");
            return visit_stop;
         }
      }
      return visit_continue;
   }

private:
   gl_shader_program *prog;
   bool in_main, after_return;
   int control_flow;
};

/**
 * Visitor that determines the highest stream id to which a (geometry) shader
 * emits vertices. It also checks whether End{Stream}Primitive is ever called.
 */
class find_emit_vertex_visitor : public ir_hierarchical_visitor {
public:
   find_emit_vertex_visitor(int max_allowed)
      : max_stream_allowed(max_allowed),
        invalid_stream_id(0),
        invalid_stream_id_from_emit_vertex(false),
        end_primitive_found(false),
        uses_non_zero_stream(false)
   {
      /* empty */
   }

   virtual ir_visitor_status visit_leave(ir_emit_vertex *ir)
   {
      int stream_id = ir->stream_id();

      if (stream_id < 0) {
         invalid_stream_id = stream_id;
         invalid_stream_id_from_emit_vertex = true;
         return visit_stop;
      }

      if (stream_id > max_stream_allowed) {
         invalid_stream_id = stream_id;
         invalid_stream_id_from_emit_vertex = true;
         return visit_stop;
      }

      if (stream_id != 0)
         uses_non_zero_stream = true;

      return visit_continue;
   }

   virtual ir_visitor_status visit_leave(ir_end_primitive *ir)
   {
      end_primitive_found = true;

      int stream_id = ir->stream_id();

      if (stream_id < 0) {
         invalid_stream_id = stream_id;
         invalid_stream_id_from_emit_vertex = false;
         return visit_stop;
      }

      if (stream_id > max_stream_allowed) {
         invalid_stream_id = stream_id;
         invalid_stream_id_from_emit_vertex = false;
         return visit_stop;
      }

      if (stream_id != 0)
         uses_non_zero_stream = true;

      return visit_continue;
   }

   bool error()
   {
      return invalid_stream_id != 0;
   }

   const char *error_func()
   {
      return invalid_stream_id_from_emit_vertex ?
         "EmitStreamVertex" : "EndStreamPrimitive";
   }

   int error_stream()
   {
      return invalid_stream_id;
   }

   bool uses_streams()
   {
      return uses_non_zero_stream;
   }

   bool uses_end_primitive()
   {
      return end_primitive_found;
   }

private:
   int max_stream_allowed;
   int invalid_stream_id;
   bool invalid_stream_id_from_emit_vertex;
   bool end_primitive_found;
   bool uses_non_zero_stream;
};

/* Class that finds array derefs and check if indexes are dynamic. */
class dynamic_sampler_array_indexing_visitor : public ir_hierarchical_visitor
{
public:
   dynamic_sampler_array_indexing_visitor() :
      dynamic_sampler_array_indexing(false)
   {
   }

   ir_visitor_status visit_enter(ir_dereference_array *ir)
   {
      if (!ir->variable_referenced())
         return visit_continue;

      if (!ir->variable_referenced()->type->contains_sampler())
         return visit_continue;

      if (!ir->array_index->constant_expression_value()) {
         dynamic_sampler_array_indexing = true;
         return visit_stop;
      }
      return visit_continue;
   }

   bool uses_dynamic_sampler_array_indexing()
   {
      return dynamic_sampler_array_indexing;
   }

private:
   bool dynamic_sampler_array_indexing;
};

} /* anonymous namespace */

void
linker_error(gl_shader_program *prog, const char *fmt, ...)
{
   va_list ap;

   ralloc_strcat(&prog->InfoLog, "error: ");
   va_start(ap, fmt);
   ralloc_vasprintf_append(&prog->InfoLog, fmt, ap);
   va_end(ap);

   prog->LinkStatus = false;
}


void
linker_warning(gl_shader_program *prog, const char *fmt, ...)
{
   va_list ap;

   ralloc_strcat(&prog->InfoLog, "warning: ");
   va_start(ap, fmt);
   ralloc_vasprintf_append(&prog->InfoLog, fmt, ap);
   va_end(ap);

}


/**
 * Given a string identifying a program resource, break it into a base name
 * and an optional array index in square brackets.
 *
 * If an array index is present, \c out_base_name_end is set to point to the
 * "[" that precedes the array index, and the array index itself is returned
 * as a long.
 *
 * If no array index is present (or if the array index is negative or
 * mal-formed), \c out_base_name_end, is set to point to the null terminator
 * at the end of the input string, and -1 is returned.
 *
 * Only the final array index is parsed; if the string contains other array
 * indices (or structure field accesses), they are left in the base name.
 *
 * No attempt is made to check that the base name is properly formed;
 * typically the caller will look up the base name in a hash table, so
 * ill-formed base names simply turn into hash table lookup failures.
 */
long
parse_program_resource_name(const GLchar *name,
                            const GLchar **out_base_name_end)
{
   /* Section 7.3.1 ("Program Interfaces") of the OpenGL 4.3 spec says:
    *
    *     "When an integer array element or block instance number is part of
    *     the name string, it will be specified in decimal form without a "+"
    *     or "-" sign or any extra leading zeroes. Additionally, the name
    *     string will not include white space anywhere in the string."
    */

   const size_t len = strlen(name);
   *out_base_name_end = name + len;

   if (len == 0 || name[len-1] != ']')
      return -1;

   /* Walk backwards over the string looking for a non-digit character.  This
    * had better be the opening bracket for an array index.
    *
    * Initially, i specifies the location of the ']'.  Since the string may
    * contain only the ']' charcater, walk backwards very carefully.
    */
   unsigned i;
   for (i = len - 1; (i > 0) && isdigit(name[i-1]); --i)
      /* empty */ ;

   if ((i == 0) || name[i-1] != '[')
      return -1;

   long array_index = strtol(&name[i], NULL, 10);
   if (array_index < 0)
      return -1;

   /* Check for leading zero */
   if (name[i] == '0' && name[i+1] != ']')
      return -1;

   *out_base_name_end = name + (i - 1);
   return array_index;
}


void
link_invalidate_variable_locations(exec_list *ir)
{
   foreach_in_list(ir_instruction, node, ir) {
      ir_variable *const var = node->as_variable();

      if (var == NULL)
         continue;

      /* Only assign locations for variables that lack an explicit location.
       * Explicit locations are set for all built-in variables, generic vertex
       * shader inputs (via layout(location=...)), and generic fragment shader
       * outputs (also via layout(location=...)).
       */
      if (!var->data.explicit_location) {
         var->data.location = -1;
         var->data.location_frac = 0;
      }

      /* ir_variable::is_unmatched_generic_inout is used by the linker while
       * connecting outputs from one stage to inputs of the next stage.
       *
       * There are two implicit assumptions here.  First, we assume that any
       * built-in variable (i.e., non-generic in or out) will have
       * explicit_location set.  Second, we assume that any generic in or out
       * will not have explicit_location set.
       *
       * This second assumption will only be valid until
       * GL_ARB_separate_shader_objects is supported.  When that extension is
       * implemented, this function will need some modifications.
       */
      if (!var->data.explicit_location) {
         var->data.is_unmatched_generic_inout = 1;
      } else {
         var->data.is_unmatched_generic_inout = 0;
      }
   }
}


/**
 * Set UsesClipDistance and ClipDistanceArraySize based on the given shader.
 *
 * Also check for errors based on incorrect usage of gl_ClipVertex and
 * gl_ClipDistance.
 *
 * Return false if an error was reported.
 */
static void
analyze_clip_usage(struct gl_shader_program *prog,
                   struct gl_shader *shader, GLboolean *UsesClipDistance,
                   GLuint *ClipDistanceArraySize)
{
   *ClipDistanceArraySize = 0;

   if (!prog->IsES && prog->Version >= 130) {
      /* From section 7.1 (Vertex Shader Special Variables) of the
       * GLSL 1.30 spec:
       *
       *   "It is an error for a shader to statically write both
       *   gl_ClipVertex and gl_ClipDistance."
       *
       * This does not apply to GLSL ES shaders, since GLSL ES defines neither
       * gl_ClipVertex nor gl_ClipDistance.
       */
      find_assignment_visitor clip_vertex("gl_ClipVertex");
      find_assignment_visitor clip_distance("gl_ClipDistance");

      clip_vertex.run(shader->ir);
      clip_distance.run(shader->ir);
      if (clip_vertex.variable_found() && clip_distance.variable_found()) {
         linker_error(prog, "%s shader writes to both `gl_ClipVertex' "
                      "and `gl_ClipDistance'\n",
                      _mesa_shader_stage_to_string(shader->Stage));
         return;
      }
      *UsesClipDistance = clip_distance.variable_found();
      ir_variable *clip_distance_var =
         shader->symbols->get_variable("gl_ClipDistance");
      if (clip_distance_var)
         *ClipDistanceArraySize = clip_distance_var->type->length;
   } else {
      *UsesClipDistance = false;
   }
}


/**
 * Verify that a vertex shader executable meets all semantic requirements.
 *
 * Also sets prog->Vert.UsesClipDistance and prog->Vert.ClipDistanceArraySize
 * as a side effect.
 *
 * \param shader  Vertex shader executable to be verified
 */
void
validate_vertex_shader_executable(struct gl_shader_program *prog,
                                  struct gl_shader *shader)
{
   if (shader == NULL)
      return;

   /* From the GLSL 1.10 spec, page 48:
    *
    *     "The variable gl_Position is available only in the vertex
    *      language and is intended for writing the homogeneous vertex
    *      position. All executions of a well-formed vertex shader
    *      executable must write a value into this variable. [...] The
    *      variable gl_Position is available only in the vertex
    *      language and is intended for writing the homogeneous vertex
    *      position. All executions of a well-formed vertex shader
    *      executable must write a value into this variable."
    *
    * while in GLSL 1.40 this text is changed to:
    *
    *     "The variable gl_Position is available only in the vertex
    *      language and is intended for writing the homogeneous vertex
    *      position. It can be written at any time during shader
    *      execution. It may also be read back by a vertex shader
    *      after being written. This value will be used by primitive
    *      assembly, clipping, culling, and other fixed functionality
    *      operations, if present, that operate on primitives after
    *      vertex processing has occurred. Its value is undefined if
    *      the vertex shader executable does not write gl_Position."
    *
    * All GLSL ES Versions are similar to GLSL 1.40--failing to write to
    * gl_Position is not an error.
    */
   if (prog->Version < (prog->IsES ? 300 : 140)) {
      find_assignment_visitor find("gl_Position");
      find.run(shader->ir);
      if (!find.variable_found()) {
        if (prog->IsES) {
          linker_warning(prog,
                         "vertex shader does not write to `gl_Position'."
                         "It's value is undefined. \n");
        } else {
          linker_error(prog,
                       "vertex shader does not write to `gl_Position'. \n");
        }
         return;
      }
   }

   analyze_clip_usage(prog, shader, &prog->Vert.UsesClipDistance,
                      &prog->Vert.ClipDistanceArraySize);
}

void
validate_tess_eval_shader_executable(struct gl_shader_program *prog,
                                     struct gl_shader *shader)
{
   if (shader == NULL)
      return;

   analyze_clip_usage(prog, shader, &prog->TessEval.UsesClipDistance,
                      &prog->TessEval.ClipDistanceArraySize);
}


/**
 * Verify that a fragment shader executable meets all semantic requirements
 *
 * \param shader  Fragment shader executable to be verified
 */
void
validate_fragment_shader_executable(struct gl_shader_program *prog,
                                    struct gl_shader *shader)
{
   if (shader == NULL)
      return;

   find_assignment_visitor frag_color("gl_FragColor");
   find_assignment_visitor frag_data("gl_FragData");

   frag_color.run(shader->ir);
   frag_data.run(shader->ir);

   if (frag_color.variable_found() && frag_data.variable_found()) {
      linker_error(prog,  "fragment shader writes to both "
                   "`gl_FragColor' and `gl_FragData'\n");
   }
}

/**
 * Verify that a geometry shader executable meets all semantic requirements
 *
 * Also sets prog->Geom.VerticesIn, prog->Geom.UsesClipDistance, and
 * prog->Geom.ClipDistanceArraySize as a side effect.
 *
 * \param shader Geometry shader executable to be verified
 */
void
validate_geometry_shader_executable(struct gl_shader_program *prog,
                                    struct gl_shader *shader)
{
   if (shader == NULL)
      return;

   unsigned num_vertices = vertices_per_prim(prog->Geom.InputType);
   prog->Geom.VerticesIn = num_vertices;

   analyze_clip_usage(prog, shader, &prog->Geom.UsesClipDistance,
                      &prog->Geom.ClipDistanceArraySize);
}

/**
 * Check if geometry shaders emit to non-zero streams and do corresponding
 * validations.
 */
static void
validate_geometry_shader_emissions(struct gl_context *ctx,
                                   struct gl_shader_program *prog)
{
   if (prog->_LinkedShaders[MESA_SHADER_GEOMETRY] != NULL) {
      find_emit_vertex_visitor emit_vertex(ctx->Const.MaxVertexStreams - 1);
      emit_vertex.run(prog->_LinkedShaders[MESA_SHADER_GEOMETRY]->ir);
      if (emit_vertex.error()) {
         linker_error(prog, "Invalid call %s(%d). Accepted values for the "
                      "stream parameter are in the range [0, %d].\n",
                      emit_vertex.error_func(),
                      emit_vertex.error_stream(),
                      ctx->Const.MaxVertexStreams - 1);
      }
      prog->Geom.UsesStreams = emit_vertex.uses_streams();
      prog->Geom.UsesEndPrimitive = emit_vertex.uses_end_primitive();

      /* From the ARB_gpu_shader5 spec:
       *
       *   "Multiple vertex streams are supported only if the output primitive
       *    type is declared to be "points".  A program will fail to link if it
       *    contains a geometry shader calling EmitStreamVertex() or
       *    EndStreamPrimitive() if its output primitive type is not "points".
       *
       * However, in the same spec:
       *
       *   "The function EmitVertex() is equivalent to calling EmitStreamVertex()
       *    with <stream> set to zero."
       *
       * And:
       *
       *   "The function EndPrimitive() is equivalent to calling
       *    EndStreamPrimitive() with <stream> set to zero."
       *
       * Since we can call EmitVertex() and EndPrimitive() when we output
       * primitives other than points, calling EmitStreamVertex(0) or
       * EmitEndPrimitive(0) should not produce errors. This it also what Nvidia
       * does. Currently we only set prog->Geom.UsesStreams to TRUE when
       * EmitStreamVertex() or EmitEndPrimitive() are called with a non-zero
       * stream.
       */
      if (prog->Geom.UsesStreams && prog->Geom.OutputType != GL_POINTS) {
         linker_error(prog, "EmitStreamVertex(n) and EndStreamPrimitive(n) "
                      "with n>0 requires point output\n");
      }
   }
}

bool
validate_intrastage_arrays(struct gl_shader_program *prog,
                           ir_variable *const var,
                           ir_variable *const existing)
{
   /* Consider the types to be "the same" if both types are arrays
    * of the same type and one of the arrays is implicitly sized.
    * In addition, set the type of the linked variable to the
    * explicitly sized array.
    */
   if (var->type->is_array() && existing->type->is_array()) {
      if ((var->type->fields.array == existing->type->fields.array) &&
          ((var->type->length == 0)|| (existing->type->length == 0))) {
         if (var->type->length != 0) {
            if (var->type->length <= existing->data.max_array_access) {
               linker_error(prog, "%s `%s' declared as type "
                           "`%s' but outermost dimension has an index"
                           " of `%i'\n",
                           mode_string(var),
                           var->name, var->type->name,
                           existing->data.max_array_access);
            }
            existing->type = var->type;
            return true;
         } else if (existing->type->length != 0) {
            if(existing->type->length <= var->data.max_array_access &&
               !existing->data.from_ssbo_unsized_array) {
               linker_error(prog, "%s `%s' declared as type "
                           "`%s' but outermost dimension has an index"
                           " of `%i'\n",
                           mode_string(var),
                           var->name, existing->type->name,
                           var->data.max_array_access);
            }
            return true;
         }
      } else {
         /* The arrays of structs could have different glsl_type pointers but
          * they are actually the same type. Use record_compare() to check that.
          */
         if (existing->type->fields.array->is_record() &&
             var->type->fields.array->is_record() &&
             existing->type->fields.array->record_compare(var->type->fields.array))
            return true;
      }
   }
   return false;
}


/**
 * Perform validation of global variables used across multiple shaders
 */
void
cross_validate_globals(struct gl_shader_program *prog,
                       struct gl_shader **shader_list,
                       unsigned num_shaders,
                       bool uniforms_only)
{
   /* Examine all of the uniforms in all of the shaders and cross validate
    * them.
    */
   glsl_symbol_table variables;
   for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_shaders; i++) {
      if (shader_list[i] == NULL)
         continue;

      foreach_in_list(ir_instruction, node, shader_list[i]->ir) {
         ir_variable *const var = node->as_variable();

         if (var == NULL)
            continue;

         if (uniforms_only && (var->data.mode != ir_var_uniform && var->data.mode != ir_var_shader_storage))
            continue;

         /* don't cross validate subroutine uniforms */
         if (var->type->contains_subroutine())
            continue;

         /* Don't cross validate temporaries that are at global scope.  These
          * will eventually get pulled into the shaders 'main'.
          */
         if (var->data.mode == ir_var_temporary)
            continue;

         /* If a global with this name has already been seen, verify that the
          * new instance has the same type.  In addition, if the globals have
          * initializers, the values of the initializers must be the same.
          */
         ir_variable *const existing = variables.get_variable(var->name);
         if (existing != NULL) {
            /* Check if types match. Interface blocks have some special
             * rules so we handle those elsewhere.
             */
           if (var->type != existing->type &&
                !var->is_interface_instance()) {
               if (!validate_intrastage_arrays(prog, var, existing)) {
                  if (var->type->is_record() && existing->type->is_record()
                      && existing->type->record_compare(var->type)) {
                     existing->type = var->type;
                  } else {
                     /* If it is an unsized array in a Shader Storage Block,
                      * two different shaders can access to different elements.
                      * Because of that, they might be converted to different
                      * sized arrays, then check that they are compatible but
                      * ignore the array size.
                      */
                     if (!(var->data.mode == ir_var_shader_storage &&
                           var->data.from_ssbo_unsized_array &&
                           existing->data.mode == ir_var_shader_storage &&
                           existing->data.from_ssbo_unsized_array &&
                           var->type->gl_type == existing->type->gl_type)) {
                        linker_error(prog, "%s `%s' declared as type "
                                    "`%s' and type `%s'\n",
                                    mode_string(var),
                                    var->name, var->type->name,
                                    existing->type->name);
                        return;
                     }
                  }
               }
            }

            if (var->data.explicit_location) {
               if (existing->data.explicit_location
                   && (var->data.location != existing->data.location)) {
                     linker_error(prog, "explicit locations for %s "
                                  "`%s' have differing values\n",
                                  mode_string(var), var->name);
                     return;
               }

               existing->data.location = var->data.location;
               existing->data.explicit_location = true;
            }

            /* From the GLSL 4.20 specification:
             * "A link error will result if two compilation units in a program
             *  specify different integer-constant bindings for the same
             *  opaque-uniform name.  However, it is not an error to specify a
             *  binding on some but not all declarations for the same name"
             */
            if (var->data.explicit_binding) {
               if (existing->data.explicit_binding &&
                   var->data.binding != existing->data.binding) {
                  linker_error(prog, "explicit bindings for %s "
                               "`%s' have differing values\n",
                               mode_string(var), var->name);
                  return;
               }

               existing->data.binding = var->data.binding;
               existing->data.explicit_binding = true;
            }

            if (var->type->contains_atomic() &&
                var->data.atomic.offset != existing->data.atomic.offset) {
               linker_error(prog, "offset specifications for %s "
                            "`%s' have differing values\n",
                            mode_string(var), var->name);
               return;
            }

            /* Validate layout qualifiers for gl_FragDepth.
             *
             * From the AMD/ARB_conservative_depth specs:
             *
             *    "If gl_FragDepth is redeclared in any fragment shader in a
             *    program, it must be redeclared in all fragment shaders in
             *    that program that have static assignments to
             *    gl_FragDepth. All redeclarations of gl_FragDepth in all
             *    fragment shaders in a single program must have the same set
             *    of qualifiers."
             */
            if (strcmp(var->name, "gl_FragDepth") == 0) {
               bool layout_declared = var->data.depth_layout != ir_depth_layout_none;
               bool layout_differs =
                  var->data.depth_layout != existing->data.depth_layout;

               if (layout_declared && layout_differs) {
                  linker_error(prog,
                               "All redeclarations of gl_FragDepth in all "
                               "fragment shaders in a single program must have "
                               "the same set of qualifiers.\n");
               }

               if (var->data.used && layout_differs) {
                  linker_error(prog,
                               "If gl_FragDepth is redeclared with a layout "
                               "qualifier in any fragment shader, it must be "
                               "redeclared with the same layout qualifier in "
                               "all fragment shaders that have assignments to "
                               "gl_FragDepth\n");
               }
            }

            /* Page 35 (page 41 of the PDF) of the GLSL 4.20 spec says:
             *
             *     "If a shared global has multiple initializers, the
             *     initializers must all be constant expressions, and they
             *     must all have the same value. Otherwise, a link error will
             *     result. (A shared global having only one initializer does
             *     not require that initializer to be a constant expression.)"
             *
             * Previous to 4.20 the GLSL spec simply said that initializers
             * must have the same value.  In this case of non-constant
             * initializers, this was impossible to determine.  As a result,
             * no vendor actually implemented that behavior.  The 4.20
             * behavior matches the implemented behavior of at least one other
             * vendor, so we'll implement that for all GLSL versions.
             */
            if (var->constant_initializer != NULL) {
               if (existing->constant_initializer != NULL) {
                  if (!var->constant_initializer->has_value(existing->constant_initializer)) {
                     linker_error(prog, "initializers for %s "
                                  "`%s' have differing values\n",
                                  mode_string(var), var->name);
                     return;
                  }
               } else {
                  /* If the first-seen instance of a particular uniform did not
                   * have an initializer but a later instance does, copy the
                   * initializer to the version stored in the symbol table.
                   */
                  /* FINISHME: This is wrong.  The constant_value field should
                   * FINISHME: not be modified!  Imagine a case where a shader
                   * FINISHME: without an initializer is linked in two different
                   * FINISHME: programs with shaders that have differing
                   * FINISHME: initializers.  Linking with the first will
                   * FINISHME: modify the shader, and linking with the second
                   * FINISHME: will fail.
                   */
                  existing->constant_initializer =
                     var->constant_initializer->clone(ralloc_parent(existing),
                                                      NULL);
               }
            }

            if (var->data.has_initializer) {
               if (existing->data.has_initializer
                   && (var->constant_initializer == NULL
                       || existing->constant_initializer == NULL)) {
                  linker_error(prog,
                               "shared global variable `%s' has multiple "
                               "non-constant initializers.\n",
                               var->name);
                  return;
               }

               /* Some instance had an initializer, so keep track of that.  In
                * this location, all sorts of initializers (constant or
                * otherwise) will propagate the existence to the variable
                * stored in the symbol table.
                */
               existing->data.has_initializer = true;
            }

            if (existing->data.invariant != var->data.invariant) {
               linker_error(prog, "declarations for %s `%s' have "
                            "mismatching invariant qualifiers\n",
                            mode_string(var), var->name);
               return;
            }
            if (existing->data.centroid != var->data.centroid) {
               linker_error(prog, "declarations for %s `%s' have "
                            "mismatching centroid qualifiers\n",
                            mode_string(var), var->name);
               return;
            }
            if (existing->data.sample != var->data.sample) {
               linker_error(prog, "declarations for %s `%s` have "
                            "mismatching sample qualifiers\n",
                            mode_string(var), var->name);
               return;
            }
         } else
            variables.add_variable(var);
      }
   }
}


/**
 * Perform validation of uniforms used across multiple shader stages
 */
void
cross_validate_uniforms(struct gl_shader_program *prog)
{
   cross_validate_globals(prog, prog->_LinkedShaders,
                          MESA_SHADER_STAGES, true);
}

/**
 * Accumulates the array of prog->BufferInterfaceBlocks and checks that all
 * definitons of blocks agree on their contents.
 */
static bool
interstage_cross_validate_uniform_blocks(struct gl_shader_program *prog)
{
   unsigned max_num_uniform_blocks = 0;
   for (unsigned i = 0; i < MESA_SHADER_STAGES; i++) {
      if (prog->_LinkedShaders[i])
         max_num_uniform_blocks += prog->_LinkedShaders[i]->NumBufferInterfaceBlocks;
   }

   for (unsigned i = 0; i < MESA_SHADER_STAGES; i++) {
      struct gl_shader *sh = prog->_LinkedShaders[i];

      prog->UniformBlockStageIndex[i] = ralloc_array(prog, int,
                                                     max_num_uniform_blocks);
      for (unsigned int j = 0; j < max_num_uniform_blocks; j++)
         prog->UniformBlockStageIndex[i][j] = -1;

      if (sh == NULL)
         continue;

      for (unsigned int j = 0; j < sh->NumBufferInterfaceBlocks; j++) {
         int index = link_cross_validate_uniform_block(prog,
                                                       &prog->BufferInterfaceBlocks,
                                                       &prog->NumBufferInterfaceBlocks,
                                                       &sh->BufferInterfaceBlocks[j]);

         if (index == -1) {
            linker_error(prog, "uniform block `%s' has mismatching definitions\n",
                         sh->BufferInterfaceBlocks[j].Name);
            return false;
         }

         prog->UniformBlockStageIndex[i][index] = j;
      }
   }

   return true;
}


/**
 * Populates a shaders symbol table with all global declarations
 */
static void
populate_symbol_table(gl_shader *sh)
{
   sh->symbols = new(sh) glsl_symbol_table;

   foreach_in_list(ir_instruction, inst, sh->ir) {
      ir_variable *var;
      ir_function *func;

      if ((func = inst->as_function()) != NULL) {
         sh->symbols->add_function(func);
      } else if ((var = inst->as_variable()) != NULL) {
         if (var->data.mode != ir_var_temporary)
            sh->symbols->add_variable(var);
      }
   }
}


/**
 * Remap variables referenced in an instruction tree
 *
 * This is used when instruction trees are cloned from one shader and placed in
 * another.  These trees will contain references to \c ir_variable nodes that
 * do not exist in the target shader.  This function finds these \c ir_variable
 * references and replaces the references with matching variables in the target
 * shader.
 *
 * If there is no matching variable in the target shader, a clone of the
 * \c ir_variable is made and added to the target shader.  The new variable is
 * added to \b both the instruction stream and the symbol table.
 *
 * \param inst         IR tree that is to be processed.
 * \param symbols      Symbol table containing global scope symbols in the
 *                     linked shader.
 * \param instructions Instruction stream where new variable declarations
 *                     should be added.
 */
void
remap_variables(ir_instruction *inst, struct gl_shader *target,
                hash_table *temps)
{
   class remap_visitor : public ir_hierarchical_visitor {
   public:
         remap_visitor(struct gl_shader *target,
                    hash_table *temps)
      {
         this->target = target;
         this->symbols = target->symbols;
         this->instructions = target->ir;
         this->temps = temps;
      }

      virtual ir_visitor_status visit(ir_dereference_variable *ir)
      {
         if (ir->var->data.mode == ir_var_temporary) {
            ir_variable *var = (ir_variable *) hash_table_find(temps, ir->var);

            assert(var != NULL);
            ir->var = var;
            return visit_continue;
         }

         ir_variable *const existing =
            this->symbols->get_variable(ir->var->name);
         if (existing != NULL)
            ir->var = existing;
         else {
            ir_variable *copy = ir->var->clone(this->target, NULL);

            this->symbols->add_variable(copy);
            this->instructions->push_head(copy);
            ir->var = copy;
         }

         return visit_continue;
      }

   private:
      struct gl_shader *target;
      glsl_symbol_table *symbols;
      exec_list *instructions;
      hash_table *temps;
   };

   remap_visitor v(target, temps);

   inst->accept(&v);
}


/**
 * Move non-declarations from one instruction stream to another
 *
 * The intended usage pattern of this function is to pass the pointer to the
 * head sentinel of a list (i.e., a pointer to the list cast to an \c exec_node
 * pointer) for \c last and \c false for \c make_copies on the first
 * call.  Successive calls pass the return value of the previous call for
 * \c last and \c true for \c make_copies.
 *
 * \param instructions Source instruction stream
 * \param last         Instruction after which new instructions should be
 *                     inserted in the target instruction stream
 * \param make_copies  Flag selecting whether instructions in \c instructions
 *                     should be copied (via \c ir_instruction::clone) into the
 *                     target list or moved.
 *
 * \return
 * The new "last" instruction in the target instruction stream.  This pointer
 * is suitable for use as the \c last parameter of a later call to this
 * function.
 */
exec_node *
move_non_declarations(exec_list *instructions, exec_node *last,
                      bool make_copies, gl_shader *target)
{
   hash_table *temps = NULL;

   if (make_copies)
      temps = hash_table_ctor(0, hash_table_pointer_hash,
                              hash_table_pointer_compare);

   foreach_in_list_safe(ir_instruction, inst, instructions) {
      if (inst->as_function())
         continue;

      ir_variable *var = inst->as_variable();
      if ((var != NULL) && (var->data.mode != ir_var_temporary))
         continue;

      assert(inst->as_assignment()
             || inst->as_call()
             || inst->as_if() /* for initializers with the ?: operator */
             || ((var != NULL) && (var->data.mode == ir_var_temporary)));

      if (make_copies) {
         inst = inst->clone(target, NULL);

         if (var != NULL)
            hash_table_insert(temps, inst, var);
         else
            remap_variables(inst, target, temps);
      } else {
         inst->remove();
      }

      last->insert_after(inst);
      last = inst;
   }

   if (make_copies)
      hash_table_dtor(temps);

   return last;
}


/**
 * This class is only used in link_intrastage_shaders() below but declaring
 * it inside that function leads to compiler warnings with some versions of
 * gcc.
 */
class array_sizing_visitor : public ir_hierarchical_visitor {
public:
   array_sizing_visitor()
      : mem_ctx(ralloc_context(NULL)),
        unnamed_interfaces(hash_table_ctor(0, hash_table_pointer_hash,
                                           hash_table_pointer_compare))
   {
   }

   ~array_sizing_visitor()
   {
      hash_table_dtor(this->unnamed_interfaces);
      ralloc_free(this->mem_ctx);
   }

   virtual ir_visitor_status visit(ir_variable *var)
   {
      fixup_type(&var->type, var->data.max_array_access,
                 var->data.from_ssbo_unsized_array);
      if (var->type->is_interface()) {
         if (interface_contains_unsized_arrays(var->type)) {
            const glsl_type *new_type =
               resize_interface_members(var->type,
                                        var->get_max_ifc_array_access(),
                                        var->is_in_shader_storage_block());
            var->type = new_type;
            var->change_interface_type(new_type);
         }
      } else if (var->type->is_array() &&
                 var->type->fields.array->is_interface()) {
         if (interface_contains_unsized_arrays(var->type->fields.array)) {
            const glsl_type *new_type =
               resize_interface_members(var->type->fields.array,
                                        var->get_max_ifc_array_access(),
                                        var->is_in_shader_storage_block());
            var->change_interface_type(new_type);
            var->type = update_interface_members_array(var->type, new_type);
         }
      } else if (const glsl_type *ifc_type = var->get_interface_type()) {
         /* Store a pointer to the variable in the unnamed_interfaces
          * hashtable.
          */
         ir_variable **interface_vars = (ir_variable **)
            hash_table_find(this->unnamed_interfaces, ifc_type);
         if (interface_vars == NULL) {
            interface_vars = rzalloc_array(mem_ctx, ir_variable *,
                                           ifc_type->length);
            hash_table_insert(this->unnamed_interfaces, interface_vars,
                              ifc_type);
         }
         unsigned index = ifc_type->field_index(var->name);
         assert(index < ifc_type->length);
         assert(interface_vars[index] == NULL);
         interface_vars[index] = var;
      }
      return visit_continue;
   }

   /**
    * For each unnamed interface block that was discovered while running the
    * visitor, adjust the interface type to reflect the newly assigned array
    * sizes, and fix up the ir_variable nodes to point to the new interface
    * type.
    */
   void fixup_unnamed_interface_types()
   {
      hash_table_call_foreach(this->unnamed_interfaces,
                              fixup_unnamed_interface_type, NULL);
   }

private:
   /**
    * If the type pointed to by \c type represents an unsized array, replace
    * it with a sized array whose size is determined by max_array_access.
    */
   static void fixup_type(const glsl_type **type, unsigned max_array_access,
                          bool from_ssbo_unsized_array)
   {
      if (!from_ssbo_unsized_array && (*type)->is_unsized_array()) {
         *type = glsl_type::get_array_instance((*type)->fields.array,
                                               max_array_access + 1);
         assert(*type != NULL);
      }
   }

   static const glsl_type *
   update_interface_members_array(const glsl_type *type,
                                  const glsl_type *new_interface_type)
   {
      const glsl_type *element_type = type->fields.array;
      if (element_type->is_array()) {
         const glsl_type *new_array_type =
            update_interface_members_array(element_type, new_interface_type);
         return glsl_type::get_array_instance(new_array_type, type->length);
      } else {
         return glsl_type::get_array_instance(new_interface_type,
                                              type->length);
      }
   }

   /**
    * Determine whether the given interface type contains unsized arrays (if
    * it doesn't, array_sizing_visitor doesn't need to process it).
    */
   static bool interface_contains_unsized_arrays(const glsl_type *type)
   {
      for (unsigned i = 0; i < type->length; i++) {
         const glsl_type *elem_type = type->fields.structure[i].type;
         if (elem_type->is_unsized_array())
            return true;
      }
      return false;
   }

   /**
    * Create a new interface type based on the given type, with unsized arrays
    * replaced by sized arrays whose size is determined by
    * max_ifc_array_access.
    */
   static const glsl_type *
   resize_interface_members(const glsl_type *type,
                            const unsigned *max_ifc_array_access,
                            bool is_ssbo)
   {
      unsigned num_fields = type->length;
      glsl_struct_field *fields = new glsl_struct_field[num_fields];
      memcpy(fields, type->fields.structure,
             num_fields * sizeof(*fields));
      for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_fields; i++) {
         /* If SSBO last member is unsized array, we don't replace it by a sized
          * array.
          */
         if (is_ssbo && i == (num_fields - 1))
            fixup_type(&fields[i].type, max_ifc_array_access[i],
                       true);
         else
            fixup_type(&fields[i].type, max_ifc_array_access[i],
                       false);
      }
      glsl_interface_packing packing =
         (glsl_interface_packing) type->interface_packing;
      const glsl_type *new_ifc_type =
         glsl_type::get_interface_instance(fields, num_fields,
                                           packing, type->name);
      delete [] fields;
      return new_ifc_type;
   }

   static void fixup_unnamed_interface_type(const void *key, void *data,
                                            void *)
   {
      const glsl_type *ifc_type = (const glsl_type *) key;
      ir_variable **interface_vars = (ir_variable **) data;
      unsigned num_fields = ifc_type->length;
      glsl_struct_field *fields = new glsl_struct_field[num_fields];
      memcpy(fields, ifc_type->fields.structure,
             num_fields * sizeof(*fields));
      bool interface_type_changed = false;
      for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_fields; i++) {
         if (interface_vars[i] != NULL &&
             fields[i].type != interface_vars[i]->type) {
            fields[i].type = interface_vars[i]->type;
            interface_type_changed = true;
         }
      }
      if (!interface_type_changed) {
         delete [] fields;
         return;
      }
      glsl_interface_packing packing =
         (glsl_interface_packing) ifc_type->interface_packing;
      const glsl_type *new_ifc_type =
         glsl_type::get_interface_instance(fields, num_fields, packing,
                                           ifc_type->name);
      delete [] fields;
      for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_fields; i++) {
         if (interface_vars[i] != NULL)
            interface_vars[i]->change_interface_type(new_ifc_type);
      }
   }

   /**
    * Memory context used to allocate the data in \c unnamed_interfaces.
    */
   void *mem_ctx;

   /**
    * Hash table from const glsl_type * to an array of ir_variable *'s
    * pointing to the ir_variables constituting each unnamed interface block.
    */
   hash_table *unnamed_interfaces;
};


/**
 * Performs the cross-validation of tessellation control shader vertices and
 * layout qualifiers for the attached tessellation control shaders,
 * and propagates them to the linked TCS and linked shader program.
 */
static void
link_tcs_out_layout_qualifiers(struct gl_shader_program *prog,
                              struct gl_shader *linked_shader,
                              struct gl_shader **shader_list,
                              unsigned num_shaders)
{
   linked_shader->TessCtrl.VerticesOut = 0;

   if (linked_shader->Stage != MESA_SHADER_TESS_CTRL)
      return;

   /* From the GLSL 4.0 spec (chapter 4.3.8.2):
    *
    *     "All tessellation control shader layout declarations in a program
    *      must specify the same output patch vertex count.  There must be at
    *      least one layout qualifier specifying an output patch vertex count
    *      in any program containing tessellation control shaders; however,
    *      such a declaration is not required in all tessellation control
    *      shaders."
    */

   for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_shaders; i++) {
      struct gl_shader *shader = shader_list[i];

      if (shader->TessCtrl.VerticesOut != 0) {
         if (linked_shader->TessCtrl.VerticesOut != 0 &&
             linked_shader->TessCtrl.VerticesOut != shader->TessCtrl.VerticesOut) {
            linker_error(prog, "tessellation control shader defined with "
                         "conflicting output vertex count (%d and %d)\n",
                         linked_shader->TessCtrl.VerticesOut,
                         shader->TessCtrl.VerticesOut);
            return;
         }
         linked_shader->TessCtrl.VerticesOut = shader->TessCtrl.VerticesOut;
      }
   }

   /* Just do the intrastage -> interstage propagation right now,
    * since we already know we're in the right type of shader program
    * for doing it.
    */
   if (linked_shader->TessCtrl.VerticesOut == 0) {
      linker_error(prog, "tessellation control shader didn't declare "
                   "vertices out layout qualifier\n");
      return;
   }
   prog->TessCtrl.VerticesOut = linked_shader->TessCtrl.VerticesOut;
}


/**
 * Performs the cross-validation of tessellation evaluation shader
 * primitive type, vertex spacing, ordering and point_mode layout qualifiers
 * for the attached tessellation evaluation shaders, and propagates them
 * to the linked TES and linked shader program.
 */
static void
link_tes_in_layout_qualifiers(struct gl_shader_program *prog,
                                struct gl_shader *linked_shader,
                                struct gl_shader **shader_list,
                                unsigned num_shaders)
{
   linked_shader->TessEval.PrimitiveMode = PRIM_UNKNOWN;
   linked_shader->TessEval.Spacing = 0;
   linked_shader->TessEval.VertexOrder = 0;
   linked_shader->TessEval.PointMode = -1;

   if (linked_shader->Stage != MESA_SHADER_TESS_EVAL)
      return;

   /* From the GLSL 4.0 spec (chapter 4.3.8.1):
    *
    *     "At least one tessellation evaluation shader (compilation unit) in
    *      a program must declare a primitive mode in its input layout.
    *      Declaration vertex spacing, ordering, and point mode identifiers is
    *      optional.  It is not required that all tessellation evaluation
    *      shaders in a program declare a primitive mode.  If spacing or
    *      vertex ordering declarations are omitted, the tessellation
    *      primitive generator will use equal spacing or counter-clockwise
    *      vertex ordering, respectively.  If a point mode declaration is
    *      omitted, the tessellation primitive generator will produce lines or
    *      triangles according to the primitive mode."
    */

   for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_shaders; i++) {
      struct gl_shader *shader = shader_list[i];

      if (shader->TessEval.PrimitiveMode != PRIM_UNKNOWN) {
         if (linked_shader->TessEval.PrimitiveMode != PRIM_UNKNOWN &&
             linked_shader->TessEval.PrimitiveMode != shader->TessEval.PrimitiveMode) {
            linker_error(prog, "tessellation evaluation shader defined with "
                         "conflicting input primitive modes.\n");
            return;
         }
         linked_shader->TessEval.PrimitiveMode = shader->TessEval.PrimitiveMode;
      }

      if (shader->TessEval.Spacing != 0) {
         if (linked_shader->TessEval.Spacing != 0 &&
             linked_shader->TessEval.Spacing != shader->TessEval.Spacing) {
            linker_error(prog, "tessellation evaluation shader defined with "
                         "conflicting vertex spacing.\n");
            return;
         }
         linked_shader->TessEval.Spacing = shader->TessEval.Spacing;
      }

      if (shader->TessEval.VertexOrder != 0) {
         if (linked_shader->TessEval.VertexOrder != 0 &&
             linked_shader->TessEval.VertexOrder != shader->TessEval.VertexOrder) {
            linker_error(prog, "tessellation evaluation shader defined with "
                         "conflicting ordering.\n");
            return;
         }
         linked_shader->TessEval.VertexOrder = shader->TessEval.VertexOrder;
      }

      if (shader->TessEval.PointMode != -1) {
         if (linked_shader->TessEval.PointMode != -1 &&
             linked_shader->TessEval.PointMode != shader->TessEval.PointMode) {
            linker_error(prog, "tessellation evaluation shader defined with "
                         "conflicting point modes.\n");
            return;
         }
         linked_shader->TessEval.PointMode = shader->TessEval.PointMode;
      }

   }

   /* Just do the intrastage -> interstage propagation right now,
    * since we already know we're in the right type of shader program
    * for doing it.
    */
   if (linked_shader->TessEval.PrimitiveMode == PRIM_UNKNOWN) {
      linker_error(prog,
                   "tessellation evaluation shader didn't declare input "
                   "primitive modes.\n");
      return;
   }
   prog->TessEval.PrimitiveMode = linked_shader->TessEval.PrimitiveMode;

   if (linked_shader->TessEval.Spacing == 0)
      linked_shader->TessEval.Spacing = GL_EQUAL;
   prog->TessEval.Spacing = linked_shader->TessEval.Spacing;

   if (linked_shader->TessEval.VertexOrder == 0)
      linked_shader->TessEval.VertexOrder = GL_CCW;
   prog->TessEval.VertexOrder = linked_shader->TessEval.VertexOrder;

   if (linked_shader->TessEval.PointMode == -1)
      linked_shader->TessEval.PointMode = GL_FALSE;
   prog->TessEval.PointMode = linked_shader->TessEval.PointMode;
}


/**
 * Performs the cross-validation of layout qualifiers specified in
 * redeclaration of gl_FragCoord for the attached fragment shaders,
 * and propagates them to the linked FS and linked shader program.
 */
static void
link_fs_input_layout_qualifiers(struct gl_shader_program *prog,
                                struct gl_shader *linked_shader,
                                struct gl_shader **shader_list,
                                unsigned num_shaders)
{
   linked_shader->redeclares_gl_fragcoord = false;
   linked_shader->uses_gl_fragcoord = false;
   linked_shader->origin_upper_left = false;
   linked_shader->pixel_center_integer = false;

   if (linked_shader->Stage != MESA_SHADER_FRAGMENT ||
       (prog->Version < 150 && !prog->ARB_fragment_coord_conventions_enable))
      return;

   for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_shaders; i++) {
      struct gl_shader *shader = shader_list[i];
      /* From the GLSL 1.50 spec, page 39:
       *
       *   "If gl_FragCoord is redeclared in any fragment shader in a program,
       *    it must be redeclared in all the fragment shaders in that program
       *    that have a static use gl_FragCoord."
       */
      if ((linked_shader->redeclares_gl_fragcoord
           && !shader->redeclares_gl_fragcoord
           && shader->uses_gl_fragcoord)
          || (shader->redeclares_gl_fragcoord
              && !linked_shader->redeclares_gl_fragcoord
              && linked_shader->uses_gl_fragcoord)) {
             linker_error(prog, "fragment shader defined with conflicting "
                         "layout qualifiers for gl_FragCoord\n");
      }

      /* From the GLSL 1.50 spec, page 39:
       *
       *   "All redeclarations of gl_FragCoord in all fragment shaders in a
       *    single program must have the same set of qualifiers."
       */
      if (linked_shader->redeclares_gl_fragcoord && shader->redeclares_gl_fragcoord
          && (shader->origin_upper_left != linked_shader->origin_upper_left
          || shader->pixel_center_integer != linked_shader->pixel_center_integer)) {
         linker_error(prog, "fragment shader defined with conflicting "
                      "layout qualifiers for gl_FragCoord\n");
      }

      /* Update the linked shader state.  Note that uses_gl_fragcoord should
       * accumulate the results.  The other values should replace.  If there
       * are multiple redeclarations, all the fields except uses_gl_fragcoord
       * are already known to be the same.
       */
      if (shader->redeclares_gl_fragcoord || shader->uses_gl_fragcoord) {
         linked_shader->redeclares_gl_fragcoord =
            shader->redeclares_gl_fragcoord;
         linked_shader->uses_gl_fragcoord = linked_shader->uses_gl_fragcoord
            || shader->uses_gl_fragcoord;
         linked_shader->origin_upper_left = shader->origin_upper_left;
         linked_shader->pixel_center_integer = shader->pixel_center_integer;
      }

      linked_shader->EarlyFragmentTests |= shader->EarlyFragmentTests;
   }
}

/**
 * Performs the cross-validation of geometry shader max_vertices and
 * primitive type layout qualifiers for the attached geometry shaders,
 * and propagates them to the linked GS and linked shader program.
 */
static void
link_gs_inout_layout_qualifiers(struct gl_shader_program *prog,
                                struct gl_shader *linked_shader,
                                struct gl_shader **shader_list,
                                unsigned num_shaders)
{
   linked_shader->Geom.VerticesOut = 0;
   linked_shader->Geom.Invocations = 0;
   linked_shader->Geom.InputType = PRIM_UNKNOWN;
   linked_shader->Geom.OutputType = PRIM_UNKNOWN;

   /* No in/out qualifiers defined for anything but GLSL 1.50+
    * geometry shaders so far.
    */
   if (linked_shader->Stage != MESA_SHADER_GEOMETRY || prog->Version < 150)
      return;

   /* From the GLSL 1.50 spec, page 46:
    *
    *     "All geometry shader output layout declarations in a program
    *      must declare the same layout and same value for
    *      max_vertices. There must be at least one geometry output
    *      layout declaration somewhere in a program, but not all
    *      geometry shaders (compilation units) are required to
    *      declare it."
    */

   for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_shaders; i++) {
      struct gl_shader *shader = shader_list[i];

      if (shader->Geom.InputType != PRIM_UNKNOWN) {
         if (linked_shader->Geom.InputType != PRIM_UNKNOWN &&
             linked_shader->Geom.InputType != shader->Geom.InputType) {
            linker_error(prog, "geometry shader defined with conflicting "
                         "input types\n");
            return;
         }
         linked_shader->Geom.InputType = shader->Geom.InputType;
      }

      if (shader->Geom.OutputType != PRIM_UNKNOWN) {
         if (linked_shader->Geom.OutputType != PRIM_UNKNOWN &&
             linked_shader->Geom.OutputType != shader->Geom.OutputType) {
            linker_error(prog, "geometry shader defined with conflicting "
                         "output types\n");
            return;
         }
         linked_shader->Geom.OutputType = shader->Geom.OutputType;
      }

      if (shader->Geom.VerticesOut != 0) {
         if (linked_shader->Geom.VerticesOut != 0 &&
             linked_shader->Geom.VerticesOut != shader->Geom.VerticesOut) {
            linker_error(prog, "geometry shader defined with conflicting "
                         "output vertex count (%d and %d)\n",
                         linked_shader->Geom.VerticesOut,
                         shader->Geom.VerticesOut);
            return;
         }
         linked_shader->Geom.VerticesOut = shader->Geom.VerticesOut;
      }

      if (shader->Geom.Invocations != 0) {
         if (linked_shader->Geom.Invocations != 0 &&
             linked_shader->Geom.Invocations != shader->Geom.Invocations) {
            linker_error(prog, "geometry shader defined with conflicting "
                         "invocation count (%d and %d)\n",
                         linked_shader->Geom.Invocations,
                         shader->Geom.Invocations);
            return;
         }
         linked_shader->Geom.Invocations = shader->Geom.Invocations;
      }
   }

   /* Just do the intrastage -> interstage propagation right now,
    * since we already know we're in the right type of shader program
    * for doing it.
    */
   if (linked_shader->Geom.InputType == PRIM_UNKNOWN) {
      linker_error(prog,
                   "geometry shader didn't declare primitive input type\n");
      return;
   }
   prog->Geom.InputType = linked_shader->Geom.InputType;

   if (linked_shader->Geom.OutputType == PRIM_UNKNOWN) {
      linker_error(prog,
                   "geometry shader didn't declare primitive output type\n");
      return;
   }
   prog->Geom.OutputType = linked_shader->Geom.OutputType;

   if (linked_shader->Geom.VerticesOut == 0) {
      linker_error(prog,
                   "geometry shader didn't declare max_vertices\n");
      return;
   }
   prog->Geom.VerticesOut = linked_shader->Geom.VerticesOut;

   if (linked_shader->Geom.Invocations == 0)
      linked_shader->Geom.Invocations = 1;

   prog->Geom.Invocations = linked_shader->Geom.Invocations;
}


/**
 * Perform cross-validation of compute shader local_size_{x,y,z} layout
 * qualifiers for the attached compute shaders, and propagate them to the
 * linked CS and linked shader program.
 */
static void
link_cs_input_layout_qualifiers(struct gl_shader_program *prog,
                                struct gl_shader *linked_shader,
                                struct gl_shader **shader_list,
                                unsigned num_shaders)
{
   for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
      linked_shader->Comp.LocalSize[i] = 0;

   /* This function is called for all shader stages, but it only has an effect
    * for compute shaders.
    */
   if (linked_shader->Stage != MESA_SHADER_COMPUTE)
      return;

   /* From the ARB_compute_shader spec, in the section describing local size
    * declarations:
    *
    *     If multiple compute shaders attached to a single program object
    *     declare local work-group size, the declarations must be identical;
    *     otherwise a link-time error results. Furthermore, if a program
    *     object contains any compute shaders, at least one must contain an
    *     input layout qualifier specifying the local work sizes of the
    *     program, or a link-time error will occur.
    */
   for (unsigned sh = 0; sh < num_shaders; sh++) {
      struct gl_shader *shader = shader_list[sh];

      if (shader->Comp.LocalSize[0] != 0) {
         if (linked_shader->Comp.LocalSize[0] != 0) {
            for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
               if (linked_shader->Comp.LocalSize[i] !=
                   shader->Comp.LocalSize[i]) {
                  linker_error(prog, "compute shader defined with conflicting "
                               "local sizes\n");
                  return;
               }
            }
         }
         for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
            linked_shader->Comp.LocalSize[i] = shader->Comp.LocalSize[i];
      }
   }

   /* Just do the intrastage -> interstage propagation right now,
    * since we already know we're in the right type of shader program
    * for doing it.
    */
   if (linked_shader->Comp.LocalSize[0] == 0) {
      linker_error(prog, "compute shader didn't declare local size\n");
      return;
   }
   for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
      prog->Comp.LocalSize[i] = linked_shader->Comp.LocalSize[i];
}


/**
 * Combine a group of shaders for a single stage to generate a linked shader
 *
 * \note
 * If this function is supplied a single shader, it is cloned, and the new
 * shader is returned.
 */
static struct gl_shader *
link_intrastage_shaders(void *mem_ctx,
                        struct gl_context *ctx,
                        struct gl_shader_program *prog,
                        struct gl_shader **shader_list,
                        unsigned num_shaders)
{
   struct gl_uniform_block *uniform_blocks = NULL;

   /* Check that global variables defined in multiple shaders are consistent.
    */
   cross_validate_globals(prog, shader_list, num_shaders, false);
   if (!prog->LinkStatus)
      return NULL;

   /* Check that interface blocks defined in multiple shaders are consistent.
    */
   validate_intrastage_interface_blocks(prog, (const gl_shader **)shader_list,
                                        num_shaders);
   if (!prog->LinkStatus)
      return NULL;

   /* Link up uniform blocks defined within this stage. */
   const unsigned num_uniform_blocks =
      link_uniform_blocks(mem_ctx, ctx, prog, shader_list, num_shaders,
                          &uniform_blocks);
   if (!prog->LinkStatus)
      return NULL;

   /* Check that there is only a single definition of each function signature
    * across all shaders.
    */
   for (unsigned i = 0; i < (num_shaders - 1); i++) {
      foreach_in_list(ir_instruction, node, shader_list[i]->ir) {
         ir_function *const f = node->as_function();

         if (f == NULL)
            continue;

         for (unsigned j = i + 1; j < num_shaders; j++) {
            ir_function *const other =
               shader_list[j]->symbols->get_function(f->name);

            /* If the other shader has no function (and therefore no function
             * signatures) with the same name, skip to the next shader.
             */
            if (other == NULL)
               continue;

            foreach_in_list(ir_function_signature, sig, &f->signatures) {
               if (!sig->is_defined || sig->is_builtin())
                  continue;

               ir_function_signature *other_sig =
                  other->exact_matching_signature(NULL, &sig->parameters);

               if ((other_sig != NULL) && other_sig->is_defined
                   && !other_sig->is_builtin()) {
                  linker_error(prog, "function `%s' is multiply defined\n",
                               f->name);
                  return NULL;
               }
            }
         }
      }
   }

   /* Find the shader that defines main, and make a clone of it.
    *
    * Starting with the clone, search for undefined references.  If one is
    * found, find the shader that defines it.  Clone the reference and add
    * it to the shader.  Repeat until there are no undefined references or
    * until a reference cannot be resolved.
    */
   gl_shader *main = NULL;
   for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_shaders; i++) {
      if (_mesa_get_main_function_signature(shader_list[i]) != NULL) {
         main = shader_list[i];
         break;
      }
   }

   if (main == NULL) {
      linker_error(prog, "%s shader lacks `main'\n",
                   _mesa_shader_stage_to_string(shader_list[0]->Stage));
      return NULL;
   }

   gl_shader *linked = ctx->Driver.NewShader(NULL, 0, main->Type);
   linked->ir = new(linked) exec_list;
   clone_ir_list(mem_ctx, linked->ir, main->ir);

   linked->BufferInterfaceBlocks = uniform_blocks;
   linked->NumBufferInterfaceBlocks = num_uniform_blocks;
   ralloc_steal(linked, linked->BufferInterfaceBlocks);

   link_fs_input_layout_qualifiers(prog, linked, shader_list, num_shaders);
   link_tcs_out_layout_qualifiers(prog, linked, shader_list, num_shaders);
   link_tes_in_layout_qualifiers(prog, linked, shader_list, num_shaders);
   link_gs_inout_layout_qualifiers(prog, linked, shader_list, num_shaders);
   link_cs_input_layout_qualifiers(prog, linked, shader_list, num_shaders);

   populate_symbol_table(linked);

   /* The pointer to the main function in the final linked shader (i.e., the
    * copy of the original shader that contained the main function).
    */
   ir_function_signature *const main_sig =
      _mesa_get_main_function_signature(linked);

   /* Move any instructions other than variable declarations or function
    * declarations into main.
    */
   exec_node *insertion_point =
      move_non_declarations(linked->ir, (exec_node *) &main_sig->body, false,
                            linked);

   for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_shaders; i++) {
      if (shader_list[i] == main)
         continue;

      insertion_point = move_non_declarations(shader_list[i]->ir,
                                              insertion_point, true, linked);
   }

   /* Check if any shader needs built-in functions. */
   bool need_builtins = false;
   for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_shaders; i++) {
      if (shader_list[i]->uses_builtin_functions) {
         need_builtins = true;
         break;
      }
   }

   bool ok;
   if (need_builtins) {
      /* Make a temporary array one larger than shader_list, which will hold
       * the built-in function shader as well.
       */
      gl_shader **linking_shaders = (gl_shader **)
         calloc(num_shaders + 1, sizeof(gl_shader *));

      ok = linking_shaders != NULL;

      if (ok) {
         memcpy(linking_shaders, shader_list, num_shaders * sizeof(gl_shader *));
         linking_shaders[num_shaders] = _mesa_glsl_get_builtin_function_shader();

         ok = link_function_calls(prog, linked, linking_shaders, num_shaders + 1);

         free(linking_shaders);
      } else {
         _mesa_error_no_memory(__func__);
      }
   } else {
      ok = link_function_calls(prog, linked, shader_list, num_shaders);
   }


   if (!ok) {
      _mesa_delete_shader(ctx, linked);
      return NULL;
   }

   /* At this point linked should contain all of the linked IR, so
    * validate it to make sure nothing went wrong.
    */
   validate_ir_tree(linked->ir);

   /* Set the size of geometry shader input arrays */
   if (linked->Stage == MESA_SHADER_GEOMETRY) {
      unsigned num_vertices = vertices_per_prim(prog->Geom.InputType);
      geom_array_resize_visitor input_resize_visitor(num_vertices, prog);
      foreach_in_list(ir_instruction, ir, linked->ir) {
         ir->accept(&input_resize_visitor);
      }
   }

   if (ctx->Const.VertexID_is_zero_based)
      lower_vertex_id(linked);

   /* Validate correct usage of barrier() in the tess control shader */
   if (linked->Stage == MESA_SHADER_TESS_CTRL) {
      barrier_use_visitor visitor(prog);
      foreach_in_list(ir_instruction, ir, linked->ir) {
         ir->accept(&visitor);
      }
   }

   /* Make a pass over all variable declarations to ensure that arrays with
    * unspecified sizes have a size specified.  The size is inferred from the
    * max_array_access field.
    */
   array_sizing_visitor v;
   v.run(linked->ir);
   v.fixup_unnamed_interface_types();

   return linked;
}

/**
 * Update the sizes of linked shader uniform arrays to the maximum
 * array index used.
 *
 * From page 81 (page 95 of the PDF) of the OpenGL 2.1 spec:
 *
 *     If one or more elements of an array are active,
 *     GetActiveUniform will return the name of the array in name,
 *     subject to the restrictions listed above. The type of the array
 *     is returned in type. The size parameter contains the highest
 *     array element index used, plus one. The compiler or linker
 *     determines the highest index used.  There will be only one
 *     active uniform reported by the GL per uniform array.

 */
static void
update_array_sizes(struct gl_shader_program *prog)
{
   for (unsigned i = 0; i < MESA_SHADER_STAGES; i++) {
         if (prog->_LinkedShaders[i] == NULL)
            continue;

      foreach_in_list(ir_instruction, node, prog->_LinkedShaders[i]->ir) {
         ir_variable *const var = node->as_variable();

         if ((var == NULL) || (var->data.mode != ir_var_uniform) ||
             !var->type->is_array())
            continue;

         /* GL_ARB_uniform_buffer_object says that std140 uniforms
          * will not be eliminated.  Since we always do std140, just
          * don't resize arrays in UBOs.
          *
          * Atomic counters are supposed to get deterministic
          * locations assigned based on the declaration ordering and
          * sizes, array compaction would mess that up.
          *
          * Subroutine uniforms are not removed.
          */
         if (var->is_in_buffer_block() || var->type->contains_atomic() ||
             var->type->contains_subroutine())
            continue;

         unsigned int size = var->data.max_array_access;
         for (unsigned j = 0; j < MESA_SHADER_STAGES; j++) {
               if (prog->_LinkedShaders[j] == NULL)
                  continue;

            foreach_in_list(ir_instruction, node2, prog->_LinkedShaders[j]->ir) {
               ir_variable *other_var = node2->as_variable();
               if (!other_var)
                  continue;

               if (strcmp(var->name, other_var->name) == 0 &&
                   other_var->data.max_array_access > size) {
                  size = other_var->data.max_array_access;
               }
            }
         }

         if (size + 1 != var->type->length) {
            /* If this is a built-in uniform (i.e., it's backed by some
             * fixed-function state), adjust the number of state slots to
             * match the new array size.  The number of slots per array entry
             * is not known.  It seems safe to assume that the total number of
             * slots is an integer multiple of the number of array elements.
             * Determine the number of slots per array element by dividing by
             * the old (total) size.
             */
            const unsigned num_slots = var->get_num_state_slots();
            if (num_slots > 0) {
               var->set_num_state_slots((size + 1)
                                        * (num_slots / var->type->length));
            }

            var->type = glsl_type::get_array_instance(var->type->fields.array,
                                                      size + 1);
            /* FINISHME: We should update the types of array
             * dereferences of this variable now.
             */
         }
      }
   }
}

/**
 * Resize tessellation evaluation per-vertex inputs to the size of
 * tessellation control per-vertex outputs.
 */
static void
resize_tes_inputs(struct gl_context *ctx,
                  struct gl_shader_program *prog)
{
   if (prog->_LinkedShaders[MESA_SHADER_TESS_EVAL] == NULL)
      return;

   gl_shader *const tcs = prog->_LinkedShaders[MESA_SHADER_TESS_CTRL];
   gl_shader *const tes = prog->_LinkedShaders[MESA_SHADER_TESS_EVAL];

   /* If no control shader is present, then the TES inputs are statically
    * sized to MaxPatchVertices; the actual size of the arrays won't be
    * known until draw time.
    */
   const int num_vertices = tcs
      ? tcs->TessCtrl.VerticesOut
      : ctx->Const.MaxPatchVertices;

   tess_eval_array_resize_visitor input_resize_visitor(num_vertices, prog);
   foreach_in_list(ir_instruction, ir, tes->ir) {
      ir->accept(&input_resize_visitor);
   }
}

/**
 * Find a contiguous set of available bits in a bitmask.
 *
 * \param used_mask     Bits representing used (1) and unused (0) locations
 * \param needed_count  Number of contiguous bits needed.
 *
 * \return
 * Base location of the available bits on success or -1 on failure.
 */
int
find_available_slots(unsigned used_mask, unsigned needed_count)
{
   unsigned needed_mask = (1 << needed_count) - 1;
   const int max_bit_to_test = (8 * sizeof(used_mask)) - needed_count;

   /* The comparison to 32 is redundant, but without it GCC emits "warning:
    * cannot optimize possibly infinite loops" for the loop below.
    */
   if ((needed_count == 0) || (max_bit_to_test < 0) || (max_bit_to_test > 32))
      return -1;

   for (int i = 0; i <= max_bit_to_test; i++) {
      if ((needed_mask & ~used_mask) == needed_mask)
         return i;

      needed_mask <<= 1;
   }

   return -1;
}


/**
 * Assign locations for either VS inputs or FS outputs
 *
 * \param prog          Shader program whose variables need locations assigned
 * \param constants     Driver specific constant values for the program.
 * \param target_index  Selector for the program target to receive location
 *                      assignmnets.  Must be either \c MESA_SHADER_VERTEX or
 *                      \c MESA_SHADER_FRAGMENT.
 *
 * \return
 * If locations are successfully assigned, true is returned.  Otherwise an
 * error is emitted to the shader link log and false is returned.
 */
bool
assign_attribute_or_color_locations(gl_shader_program *prog,
                                    struct gl_constants *constants,
                                    unsigned target_index)
{
   /* Maximum number of generic locations.  This corresponds to either the
    * maximum number of draw buffers or the maximum number of generic
    * attributes.
    */
   unsigned max_index = (target_index == MESA_SHADER_VERTEX) ?
      constants->Program[target_index].MaxAttribs :
      MAX2(constants->MaxDrawBuffers, constants->MaxDualSourceDrawBuffers);

   /* Mark invalid locations as being used.
    */
   unsigned used_locations = (max_index >= 32)
      ? ~0 : ~((1 << max_index) - 1);
   unsigned double_storage_locations = 0;

   assert((target_index == MESA_SHADER_VERTEX)
          || (target_index == MESA_SHADER_FRAGMENT));

   gl_shader *const sh = prog->_LinkedShaders[target_index];
   if (sh == NULL)
      return true;

   /* Operate in a total of four passes.
    *
    * 1. Invalidate the location assignments for all vertex shader inputs.
    *
    * 2. Assign locations for inputs that have user-defined (via
    *    glBindVertexAttribLocation) locations and outputs that have
    *    user-defined locations (via glBindFragDataLocation).
    *
    * 3. Sort the attributes without assigned locations by number of slots
    *    required in decreasing order.  Fragmentation caused by attribute
    *    locations assigned by the application may prevent large attributes
    *    from having enough contiguous space.
    *
    * 4. Assign locations to any inputs without assigned locations.
    */

   const int generic_base = (target_index == MESA_SHADER_VERTEX)
      ? (int) VERT_ATTRIB_GENERIC0 : (int) FRAG_RESULT_DATA0;

   const enum ir_variable_mode direction =
      (target_index == MESA_SHADER_VERTEX)
      ? ir_var_shader_in : ir_var_shader_out;


   /* Temporary storage for the set of attributes that need locations assigned.
    */
   struct temp_attr {
      unsigned slots;
      ir_variable *var;

      /* Used below in the call to qsort. */
      static int compare(const void *a, const void *b)
      {
         const temp_attr *const l = (const temp_attr *) a;
         const temp_attr *const r = (const temp_attr *) b;

         /* Reversed because we want a descending order sort below. */
         return r->slots - l->slots;
      }
   } to_assign[16];

   unsigned num_attr = 0;

   foreach_in_list(ir_instruction, node, sh->ir) {
      ir_variable *const var = node->as_variable();

      if ((var == NULL) || (var->data.mode != (unsigned) direction))
         continue;

      if (var->data.explicit_location) {
         if ((var->data.location >= (int)(max_index + generic_base))
             || (var->data.location < 0)) {
            linker_error(prog,
                         "invalid explicit location %d specified for `%s'\n",
                         (var->data.location < 0)
                         ? var->data.location
                         : var->data.location - generic_base,
                         var->name);
            return false;
         }
      } else if (target_index == MESA_SHADER_VERTEX) {
         unsigned binding;

         if (prog->AttributeBindings->get(binding, var->name)) {
            assert(binding >= VERT_ATTRIB_GENERIC0);
            var->data.location = binding;
            var->data.is_unmatched_generic_inout = 0;
         }
      } else if (target_index == MESA_SHADER_FRAGMENT) {
         unsigned binding;
         unsigned index;

         if (prog->FragDataBindings->get(binding, var->name)) {
            assert(binding >= FRAG_RESULT_DATA0);
            var->data.location = binding;
            var->data.is_unmatched_generic_inout = 0;

            if (prog->FragDataIndexBindings->get(index, var->name)) {
               var->data.index = index;
            }
         }
      }

      /* From GL4.5 core spec, section 15.2 (Shader Execution):
       *
       *     "Output binding assignments will cause LinkProgram to fail:
       *     ...
       *     If the program has an active output assigned to a location greater
       *     than or equal to the value of MAX_DUAL_SOURCE_DRAW_BUFFERS and has
       *     an active output assigned an index greater than or equal to one;"
       */
      if (target_index == MESA_SHADER_FRAGMENT && var->data.index >= 1 &&
          var->data.location - generic_base >=
          (int) constants->MaxDualSourceDrawBuffers) {
         linker_error(prog,
                      "output location %d >= GL_MAX_DUAL_SOURCE_DRAW_BUFFERS "
                      "with index %u for %s\n",
                      var->data.location - generic_base, var->data.index,
                      var->name);
         return false;
      }

      const unsigned slots = var->type->count_attribute_slots();

      /* If the variable is not a built-in and has a location statically
       * assigned in the shader (presumably via a layout qualifier), make sure
       * that it doesn't collide with other assigned locations.  Otherwise,
       * add it to the list of variables that need linker-assigned locations.
       */
      if (var->data.location != -1) {
         if (var->data.location >= generic_base && var->data.index < 1) {
            /* From page 61 of the OpenGL 4.0 spec:
             *
             *     "LinkProgram will fail if the attribute bindings assigned
             *     by BindAttribLocation do not leave not enough space to
             *     assign a location for an active matrix attribute or an
             *     active attribute array, both of which require multiple
             *     contiguous generic attributes."
             *
             * I think above text prohibits the aliasing of explicit and
             * automatic assignments. But, aliasing is allowed in manual
             * assignments of attribute locations. See below comments for
             * the details.
             *
             * From OpenGL 4.0 spec, page 61:
             *
             *     "It is possible for an application to bind more than one
             *     attribute name to the same location. This is referred to as
             *     aliasing. This will only work if only one of the aliased
             *     attributes is active in the executable program, or if no
             *     path through the shader consumes more than one attribute of
             *     a set of attributes aliased to the same location. A link
             *     error can occur if the linker determines that every path
             *     through the shader consumes multiple aliased attributes,
             *     but implementations are not required to generate an error
             *     in this case."
             *
             * From GLSL 4.30 spec, page 54:
             *
             *    "A program will fail to link if any two non-vertex shader
             *     input variables are assigned to the same location. For
             *     vertex shaders, multiple input variables may be assigned
             *     to the same location using either layout qualifiers or via
             *     the OpenGL API. However, such aliasing is intended only to
             *     support vertex shaders where each execution path accesses
             *     at most one input per each location. Implementations are
             *     permitted, but not required, to generate link-time errors
             *     if they detect that every path through the vertex shader
             *     executable accesses multiple inputs assigned to any single
             *     location. For all shader types, a program will fail to link
             *     if explicit location assignments leave the linker unable
             *     to find space for other variables without explicit
             *     assignments."
             *
             * From OpenGL ES 3.0 spec, page 56:
             *
             *    "Binding more than one attribute name to the same location
             *     is referred to as aliasing, and is not permitted in OpenGL
             *     ES Shading Language 3.00 vertex shaders. LinkProgram will
             *     fail when this condition exists. However, aliasing is
             *     possible in OpenGL ES Shading Language 1.00 vertex shaders.
             *     This will only work if only one of the aliased attributes
             *     is active in the executable program, or if no path through
             *     the shader consumes more than one attribute of a set of
             *     attributes aliased to the same location. A link error can
             *     occur if the linker determines that every path through the
             *     shader consumes multiple aliased attributes, but implemen-
             *     tations are not required to generate an error in this case."
             *
             * After looking at above references from OpenGL, OpenGL ES and
             * GLSL specifications, we allow aliasing of vertex input variables
             * in: OpenGL 2.0 (and above) and OpenGL ES 2.0.
             *
             * NOTE: This is not required by the spec but its worth mentioning
             * here that we're not doing anything to make sure that no path
             * through the vertex shader executable accesses multiple inputs
             * assigned to any single location.
             */

            /* Mask representing the contiguous slots that will be used by
             * this attribute.
             */
            const unsigned attr = var->data.location - generic_base;
            const unsigned use_mask = (1 << slots) - 1;
            const char *const string = (target_index == MESA_SHADER_VERTEX)
               ? "vertex shader input" : "fragment shader output";

            /* Generate a link error if the requested locations for this
             * attribute exceed the maximum allowed attribute location.
             */
            if (attr + slots > max_index) {
               linker_error(prog,
                           "insufficient contiguous locations "
                           "available for %s `%s' %d %d %d\n", string,
                           var->name, used_locations, use_mask, attr);
               return false;
            }

            /* Generate a link error if the set of bits requested for this
             * attribute overlaps any previously allocated bits.
             */
            if ((~(use_mask << attr) & used_locations) != used_locations) {
               if (target_index == MESA_SHADER_FRAGMENT ||
                   (prog->IsES && prog->Version >= 300)) {
                  linker_error(prog,
                               "overlapping location is assigned "
                               "to %s `%s' %d %d %d\n", string,
                               var->name, used_locations, use_mask, attr);
                  return false;
               } else {
                  linker_warning(prog,
                                 "overlapping location is assigned "
                                 "to %s `%s' %d %d %d\n", string,
                                 var->name, used_locations, use_mask, attr);
               }
            }

            used_locations |= (use_mask << attr);

            /* From the GL 4.5 core spec, section 11.1.1 (Vertex Attributes):
             *
             * "A program with more than the value of MAX_VERTEX_ATTRIBS
             *  active attribute variables may fail to link, unless
             *  device-dependent optimizations are able to make the program
             *  fit within available hardware resources. For the purposes
             *  of this test, attribute variables of the type dvec3, dvec4,
             *  dmat2x3, dmat2x4, dmat3, dmat3x4, dmat4x3, and dmat4 may
             *  count as consuming twice as many attributes as equivalent
             *  single-precision types. While these types use the same number
             *  of generic attributes as their single-precision equivalents,
             *  implementations are permitted to consume two single-precision
             *  vectors of internal storage for each three- or four-component
             *  double-precision vector."
             *
             * Mark this attribute slot as taking up twice as much space
             * so we can count it properly against limits.  According to
             * issue (3) of the GL_ARB_vertex_attrib_64bit behavior, this
             * is optional behavior, but it seems preferable.
             */
            const glsl_type *type = var->type->without_array();
            if (type == glsl_type::dvec3_type ||
                type == glsl_type::dvec4_type ||
                type == glsl_type::dmat2x3_type ||
                type == glsl_type::dmat2x4_type ||
                type == glsl_type::dmat3_type ||
                type == glsl_type::dmat3x4_type ||
                type == glsl_type::dmat4x3_type ||
                type == glsl_type::dmat4_type) {
               double_storage_locations |= (use_mask << attr);
            }
         }

         continue;
      }

      to_assign[num_attr].slots = slots;
      to_assign[num_attr].var = var;
      num_attr++;
   }

   if (target_index == MESA_SHADER_VERTEX) {
      unsigned total_attribs_size =
         _mesa_bitcount(used_locations & ((1 << max_index) - 1)) +
         _mesa_bitcount(double_storage_locations);
      if (total_attribs_size > max_index) {
         linker_error(prog,
                      "attempt to use %d vertex attribute slots only %d available ",
                      total_attribs_size, max_index);
         return false;
      }
   }

   /* If all of the attributes were assigned locations by the application (or
    * are built-in attributes with fixed locations), return early.  This should
    * be the common case.
    */
   if (num_attr == 0)
      return true;

   qsort(to_assign, num_attr, sizeof(to_assign[0]), temp_attr::compare);

   if (target_index == MESA_SHADER_VERTEX) {
      /* VERT_ATTRIB_GENERIC0 is a pseudo-alias for VERT_ATTRIB_POS.  It can
       * only be explicitly assigned by via glBindAttribLocation.  Mark it as
       * reserved to prevent it from being automatically allocated below.
       */
      find_deref_visitor find("gl_Vertex");
      find.run(sh->ir);
      if (find.variable_found())
         used_locations |= (1 << 0);
   }

   for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_attr; i++) {
      /* Mask representing the contiguous slots that will be used by this
       * attribute.
       */
      const unsigned use_mask = (1 << to_assign[i].slots) - 1;

      int location = find_available_slots(used_locations, to_assign[i].slots);

      if (location < 0) {
         const char *const string = (target_index == MESA_SHADER_VERTEX)
            ? "vertex shader input" : "fragment shader output";

         linker_error(prog,
                      "insufficient contiguous locations "
                      "available for %s `%s'\n",
                      string, to_assign[i].var->name);
         return false;
      }

      to_assign[i].var->data.location = generic_base + location;
      to_assign[i].var->data.is_unmatched_generic_inout = 0;
      used_locations |= (use_mask << location);
   }

   return true;
}


/**
 * Demote shader inputs and outputs that are not used in other stages
 */
void
demote_shader_inputs_and_outputs(gl_shader *sh, enum ir_variable_mode mode)
{
   foreach_in_list(ir_instruction, node, sh->ir) {
      ir_variable *const var = node->as_variable();

      if ((var == NULL) || (var->data.mode != int(mode)))
         continue;

      /* A shader 'in' or 'out' variable is only really an input or output if
       * its value is used by other shader stages.  This will cause the variable
       * to have a location assigned.
       */
      if (var->data.is_unmatched_generic_inout) {
         assert(var->data.mode != ir_var_temporary);
         var->data.mode = ir_var_auto;
      }
   }
}


/**
 * Store the gl_FragDepth layout in the gl_shader_program struct.
 */
static void
store_fragdepth_layout(struct gl_shader_program *prog)
{
   if (prog->_LinkedShaders[MESA_SHADER_FRAGMENT] == NULL) {
      return;
   }

   struct exec_list *ir = prog->_LinkedShaders[MESA_SHADER_FRAGMENT]->ir;

   /* We don't look up the gl_FragDepth symbol directly because if
    * gl_FragDepth is not used in the shader, it's removed from the IR.
    * However, the symbol won't be removed from the symbol table.
    *
    * We're only interested in the cases where the variable is NOT removed
    * from the IR.
    */
   foreach_in_list(ir_instruction, node, ir) {
      ir_variable *const var = node->as_variable();

      if (var == NULL || var->data.mode != ir_var_shader_out) {
         continue;
      }

      if (strcmp(var->name, "gl_FragDepth") == 0) {
         switch (var->data.depth_layout) {
         case ir_depth_layout_none:
            prog->FragDepthLayout = FRAG_DEPTH_LAYOUT_NONE;
            return;
         case ir_depth_layout_any:
            prog->FragDepthLayout = FRAG_DEPTH_LAYOUT_ANY;
            return;
         case ir_depth_layout_greater:
            prog->FragDepthLayout = FRAG_DEPTH_LAYOUT_GREATER;
            return;
         case ir_depth_layout_less:
            prog->FragDepthLayout = FRAG_DEPTH_LAYOUT_LESS;
            return;
         case ir_depth_layout_unchanged:
            prog->FragDepthLayout = FRAG_DEPTH_LAYOUT_UNCHANGED;
            return;
         default:
            assert(0);
            return;
         }
      }
   }
}

/**
 * Validate the resources used by a program versus the implementation limits
 */
static void
check_resources(struct gl_context *ctx, struct gl_shader_program *prog)
{
   for (unsigned i = 0; i < MESA_SHADER_STAGES; i++) {
      struct gl_shader *sh = prog->_LinkedShaders[i];

      if (sh == NULL)
         continue;

      if (sh->num_samplers > ctx->Const.Program[i].MaxTextureImageUnits) {
         linker_error(prog, "Too many %s shader texture samplers\n",
                      _mesa_shader_stage_to_string(i));
      }

      if (sh->num_uniform_components >
          ctx->Const.Program[i].MaxUniformComponents) {
         if (ctx->Const.GLSLSkipStrictMaxUniformLimitCheck) {
            linker_warning(prog, "Too many %s shader default uniform block "
                           "components, but the driver will try to optimize "
                           "them out; this is non-portable out-of-spec "
                           "behavior\n",
                           _mesa_shader_stage_to_string(i));
         } else {
            linker_error(prog, "Too many %s shader default uniform block "
                         "components\n",
                         _mesa_shader_stage_to_string(i));
         }
      }

      if (sh->num_combined_uniform_components >
          ctx->Const.Program[i].MaxCombinedUniformComponents) {
         if (ctx->Const.GLSLSkipStrictMaxUniformLimitCheck) {
            linker_warning(prog, "Too many %s shader uniform components, "
                           "but the driver will try to optimize them out; "
                           "this is non-portable out-of-spec behavior\n",
                           _mesa_shader_stage_to_string(i));
         } else {
            linker_error(prog, "Too many %s shader uniform components\n",
                         _mesa_shader_stage_to_string(i));
         }
      }
   }

   unsigned blocks[MESA_SHADER_STAGES] = {0};
   unsigned total_uniform_blocks = 0;
   unsigned shader_blocks[MESA_SHADER_STAGES] = {0};
   unsigned total_shader_storage_blocks = 0;

   for (unsigned i = 0; i < prog->NumBufferInterfaceBlocks; i++) {
      /* Don't check SSBOs for Uniform Block Size */
      if (!prog->BufferInterfaceBlocks[i].IsShaderStorage &&
          prog->BufferInterfaceBlocks[i].UniformBufferSize > ctx->Const.MaxUniformBlockSize) {
         linker_error(prog, "Uniform block %s too big (%d/%d)\n",
                      prog->BufferInterfaceBlocks[i].Name,
                      prog->BufferInterfaceBlocks[i].UniformBufferSize,
                      ctx->Const.MaxUniformBlockSize);
      }

      if (prog->BufferInterfaceBlocks[i].IsShaderStorage &&
          prog->BufferInterfaceBlocks[i].UniformBufferSize > ctx->Const.MaxShaderStorageBlockSize) {
         linker_error(prog, "Shader storage block %s too big (%d/%d)\n",
                      prog->BufferInterfaceBlocks[i].Name,
                      prog->BufferInterfaceBlocks[i].UniformBufferSize,
                      ctx->Const.MaxShaderStorageBlockSize);
      }

      for (unsigned j = 0; j < MESA_SHADER_STAGES; j++) {
         if (prog->UniformBlockStageIndex[j][i] != -1) {
            struct gl_shader *sh = prog->_LinkedShaders[j];
            int stage_index = prog->UniformBlockStageIndex[j][i];
            if (sh && sh->BufferInterfaceBlocks[stage_index].IsShaderStorage) {
               shader_blocks[j]++;
               total_shader_storage_blocks++;
            } else {
               blocks[j]++;
               total_uniform_blocks++;
            }
         }
      }

      if (total_uniform_blocks > ctx->Const.MaxCombinedUniformBlocks) {
         linker_error(prog, "Too many combined uniform blocks (%d/%d)\n",
                      total_uniform_blocks,
                      ctx->Const.MaxCombinedUniformBlocks);
      } else {
         for (unsigned i = 0; i < MESA_SHADER_STAGES; i++) {
            const unsigned max_uniform_blocks =
               ctx->Const.Program[i].MaxUniformBlocks;
            if (blocks[i] > max_uniform_blocks) {
               linker_error(prog, "Too many %s uniform blocks (%d/%d)\n",
                            _mesa_shader_stage_to_string(i),
                            blocks[i],
                            max_uniform_blocks);
               break;
            }
         }
      }

      if (total_shader_storage_blocks > ctx->Const.MaxCombinedShaderStorageBlocks) {
         linker_error(prog, "Too many combined shader storage blocks (%d/%d)\n",
                      total_shader_storage_blocks,
                      ctx->Const.MaxCombinedShaderStorageBlocks);
      } else {
         for (unsigned i = 0; i < MESA_SHADER_STAGES; i++) {
            const unsigned max_shader_storage_blocks =
               ctx->Const.Program[i].MaxShaderStorageBlocks;
            if (shader_blocks[i] > max_shader_storage_blocks) {
               linker_error(prog, "Too many %s shader storage blocks (%d/%d)\n",
                            _mesa_shader_stage_to_string(i),
                            shader_blocks[i],
                            max_shader_storage_blocks);
               break;
            }
         }
      }
   }
}

static void
link_calculate_subroutine_compat(struct gl_shader_program *prog)
{
   for (unsigned i = 0; i < MESA_SHADER_STAGES; i++) {
      struct gl_shader *sh = prog->_LinkedShaders[i];
      int count;
      if (!sh)
         continue;

      for (unsigned j = 0; j < sh->NumSubroutineUniformRemapTable; j++) {
         struct gl_uniform_storage *uni = sh->SubroutineUniformRemapTable[j];

         if (!uni)
            continue;

         count = 0;
         for (unsigned f = 0; f < sh->NumSubroutineFunctions; f++) {
            struct gl_subroutine_function *fn = &sh->SubroutineFunctions[f];
            for (int k = 0; k < fn->num_compat_types; k++) {
               if (fn->types[k] == uni->type) {
                  count++;
                  break;
               }
            }
         }
         uni->num_compatible_subroutines = count;
      }
   }
}

static void
check_subroutine_resources(struct gl_shader_program *prog)
{
   for (unsigned i = 0; i < MESA_SHADER_STAGES; i++) {
      struct gl_shader *sh = prog->_LinkedShaders[i];

      if (sh) {
         if (sh->NumSubroutineUniformRemapTable > MAX_SUBROUTINE_UNIFORM_LOCATIONS)
            linker_error(prog, "Too many %s shader subroutine uniforms\n",
                         _mesa_shader_stage_to_string(i));
      }
   }
}
/**
 * Validate shader image resources.
 */
static void
check_image_resources(struct gl_context *ctx, struct gl_shader_program *prog)
{
   unsigned total_image_units = 0;
   unsigned fragment_outputs = 0;
   unsigned total_shader_storage_blocks = 0;

   if (!ctx->Extensions.ARB_shader_image_load_store)
      return;

   for (unsigned i = 0; i < MESA_SHADER_STAGES; i++) {
      struct gl_shader *sh = prog->_LinkedShaders[i];

      if (sh) {
         if (sh->NumImages > ctx->Const.Program[i].MaxImageUniforms)
            linker_error(prog, "Too many %s shader image uniforms (%u > %u)\n",
                         _mesa_shader_stage_to_string(i), sh->NumImages,
                         ctx->Const.Program[i].MaxImageUniforms);

         total_image_units += sh->NumImages;

         for (unsigned j = 0; j < prog->NumBufferInterfaceBlocks; j++) {
            int stage_index = prog->UniformBlockStageIndex[i][j];
            if (stage_index != -1 && sh->BufferInterfaceBlocks[stage_index].IsShaderStorage)
               total_shader_storage_blocks++;
         }

         if (i == MESA_SHADER_FRAGMENT) {
            foreach_in_list(ir_instruction, node, sh->ir) {
               ir_variable *var = node->as_variable();
               if (var && var->data.mode == ir_var_shader_out)
                  fragment_outputs += var->type->count_attribute_slots();
            }
         }
      }
   }

   if (total_image_units > ctx->Const.MaxCombinedImageUniforms)
      linker_error(prog, "Too many combined image uniforms\n");

   if (total_image_units + fragment_outputs + total_shader_storage_blocks >
       ctx->Const.MaxCombinedShaderOutputResources)
      linker_error(prog, "Too many combined image uniforms, shader storage "
                         " buffers and fragment outputs\n");
}


/**
 * Initializes explicit location slots to INACTIVE_UNIFORM_EXPLICIT_LOCATION
 * for a variable, checks for overlaps between other uniforms using explicit
 * locations.
 */
static bool
reserve_explicit_locations(struct gl_shader_program *prog,
                           string_to_uint_map *map, ir_variable *var)
{
   unsigned slots = var->type->uniform_locations();
   unsigned max_loc = var->data.location + slots - 1;

   /* Resize remap table if locations do not fit in the current one. */
   if (max_loc + 1 > prog->NumUniformRemapTable) {
      prog->UniformRemapTable =
         reralloc(prog, prog->UniformRemapTable,
                  gl_uniform_storage *,
                  max_loc + 1);

      if (!prog->UniformRemapTable) {
         linker_error(prog, "Out of memory during linking.\n");
         return false;
      }

      /* Initialize allocated space. */
      for (unsigned i = prog->NumUniformRemapTable; i < max_loc + 1; i++)
         prog->UniformRemapTable[i] = NULL;

      prog->NumUniformRemapTable = max_loc + 1;
   }

   for (unsigned i = 0; i < slots; i++) {
      unsigned loc = var->data.location + i;

      /* Check if location is already used. */
      if (prog->UniformRemapTable[loc] == INACTIVE_UNIFORM_EXPLICIT_LOCATION) {

         /* Possibly same uniform from a different stage, this is ok. */
         unsigned hash_loc;
         if (map->get(hash_loc, var->name) && hash_loc == loc - i)
               continue;

         /* ARB_explicit_uniform_location specification states:
          *
          *     "No two default-block uniform variables in the program can have
          *     the same location, even if they are unused, otherwise a compiler
          *     or linker error will be generated."
          */
         linker_error(prog,
                      "location qualifier for uniform %s overlaps "
                      "previously used location\n",
                      var->name);
         return false;
      }

      /* Initialize location as inactive before optimization
       * rounds and location assignment.
       */
      prog->UniformRemapTable[loc] = INACTIVE_UNIFORM_EXPLICIT_LOCATION;
   }

   /* Note, base location used for arrays. */
   map->put(var->data.location, var->name);

   return true;
}

static bool
reserve_subroutine_explicit_locations(struct gl_shader_program *prog,
                                      struct gl_shader *sh,
                                      ir_variable *var)
{
   unsigned slots = var->type->uniform_locations();
   unsigned max_loc = var->data.location + slots - 1;

   /* Resize remap table if locations do not fit in the current one. */
   if (max_loc + 1 > sh->NumSubroutineUniformRemapTable) {
      sh->SubroutineUniformRemapTable =
         reralloc(sh, sh->SubroutineUniformRemapTable,
                  gl_uniform_storage *,
                  max_loc + 1);

      if (!sh->SubroutineUniformRemapTable) {
         linker_error(prog, "Out of memory during linking.\n");
         return false;
      }

      /* Initialize allocated space. */
      for (unsigned i = sh->NumSubroutineUniformRemapTable; i < max_loc + 1; i++)
         sh->SubroutineUniformRemapTable[i] = NULL;

      sh->NumSubroutineUniformRemapTable = max_loc + 1;
   }

   for (unsigned i = 0; i < slots; i++) {
      unsigned loc = var->data.location + i;

      /* Check if location is already used. */
      if (sh->SubroutineUniformRemapTable[loc] == INACTIVE_UNIFORM_EXPLICIT_LOCATION) {

         /* ARB_explicit_uniform_location specification states:
          *     "No two subroutine uniform variables can have the same location
          *     in the same shader stage, otherwise a compiler or linker error
          *     will be generated."
          */
         linker_error(prog,
                      "location qualifier for uniform %s overlaps "
                      "previously used location\n",
                      var->name);
         return false;
      }

      /* Initialize location as inactive before optimization
       * rounds and location assignment.
       */
      sh->SubroutineUniformRemapTable[loc] = INACTIVE_UNIFORM_EXPLICIT_LOCATION;
   }

   return true;
}
/**
 * Check and reserve all explicit uniform locations, called before
 * any optimizations happen to handle also inactive uniforms and
 * inactive array elements that may get trimmed away.
 */
static void
check_explicit_uniform_locations(struct gl_context *ctx,
                                 struct gl_shader_program *prog)
{
   if (!ctx->Extensions.ARB_explicit_uniform_location)
      return;

   /* This map is used to detect if overlapping explicit locations
    * occur with the same uniform (from different stage) or a different one.
    */
   string_to_uint_map *uniform_map = new string_to_uint_map;

   if (!uniform_map) {
      linker_error(prog, "Out of memory during linking.\n");
      return;
   }

   for (unsigned i = 0; i < MESA_SHADER_STAGES; i++) {
      struct gl_shader *sh = prog->_LinkedShaders[i];

      if (!sh)
         continue;

      foreach_in_list(ir_instruction, node, sh->ir) {
         ir_variable *var = node->as_variable();
         if (var && (var->data.mode == ir_var_uniform || var->data.mode == ir_var_shader_storage) &&
             var->data.explicit_location) {
            bool ret;
            if (var->type->is_subroutine())
               ret = reserve_subroutine_explicit_locations(prog, sh, var);
            else
               ret = reserve_explicit_locations(prog, uniform_map, var);
            if (!ret) {
               delete uniform_map;
               return;
            }
         }
      }
   }

   delete uniform_map;
}

static bool
should_add_buffer_variable(struct gl_shader_program *shProg,
                           GLenum type, const char *name)
{
   bool found_interface = false;
   const char *block_name = NULL;

   /* These rules only apply to buffer variables. So we return
    * true for the rest of types.
    */
   if (type != GL_BUFFER_VARIABLE)
      return true;

   for (unsigned i = 0; i < shProg->NumBufferInterfaceBlocks; i++) {
      block_name = shProg->BufferInterfaceBlocks[i].Name;
      if (strncmp(block_name, name, strlen(block_name)) == 0) {
         found_interface = true;
         break;
      }
   }

   /* We remove the interface name from the buffer variable name,
    * including the dot that follows it.
    */
   if (found_interface)
      name = name + strlen(block_name) + 1;

   /* From: ARB_program_interface_query extension:
    *
    *  "For an active shader storage block member declared as an array, an
    *   entry will be generated only for the first array element, regardless
    *   of its type.  For arrays of aggregate types, the enumeration rules are
    *   applied recursively for the single enumerated array element.
    */
   const char *first_dot = strchr(name, '.');
   const char *first_square_bracket = strchr(name, '[');

   /* The buffer variable is on top level and it is not an array */
   if (!first_square_bracket) {
      return true;
   /* The shader storage block member is a struct, then generate the entry */
   } else if (first_dot && first_dot < first_square_bracket) {
      return true;
   } else {
      /* Shader storage block member is an array, only generate an entry for the
       * first array element.
       */
      if (strncmp(first_square_bracket, "[0]", 3) == 0)
         return true;
   }

   return false;
}

static bool
add_program_resource(struct gl_shader_program *prog, GLenum type,
                     const void *data, uint8_t stages)
{
   assert(data);

   /* If resource already exists, do not add it again. */
   for (unsigned i = 0; i < prog->NumProgramResourceList; i++)
      if (prog->ProgramResourceList[i].Data == data)
         return true;

   prog->ProgramResourceList =
      reralloc(prog,
               prog->ProgramResourceList,
               gl_program_resource,
               prog->NumProgramResourceList + 1);

   if (!prog->ProgramResourceList) {
      linker_error(prog, "Out of memory during linking.\n");
      return false;
   }

   struct gl_program_resource *res =
      &prog->ProgramResourceList[prog->NumProgramResourceList];

   res->Type = type;
   res->Data = data;
   res->StageReferences = stages;

   prog->NumProgramResourceList++;

   return true;
}

/* Function checks if a variable var is a packed varying and
 * if given name is part of packed varying's list.
 *
 * If a variable is a packed varying, it has a name like
 * 'packed:a,b,c' where a, b and c are separate variables.
 */
static bool
included_in_packed_varying(ir_variable *var, const char *name)
{
   if (strncmp(var->name, "packed:", 7) != 0)
      return false;

   char *list = strdup(var->name + 7);
   assert(list);

   bool found = false;
   char *saveptr;
   char *token = strtok_r(list, ",", &saveptr);
   while (token) {
      if (strcmp(token, name) == 0) {
         found = true;
         break;
      }
      token = strtok_r(NULL, ",", &saveptr);
   }
   free(list);
   return found;
}

/**
 * Function builds a stage reference bitmask from variable name.
 */
static uint8_t
build_stageref(struct gl_shader_program *shProg, const char *name,
               unsigned mode)
{
   uint8_t stages = 0;

   /* Note, that we assume MAX 8 stages, if there will be more stages, type
    * used for reference mask in gl_program_resource will need to be changed.
    */
   assert(MESA_SHADER_STAGES < 8);

   for (unsigned i = 0; i < MESA_SHADER_STAGES; i++) {
      struct gl_shader *sh = shProg->_LinkedShaders[i];
      if (!sh)
         continue;

      /* Shader symbol table may contain variables that have
       * been optimized away. Search IR for the variable instead.
       */
      foreach_in_list(ir_instruction, node, sh->ir) {
         ir_variable *var = node->as_variable();
         if (var) {
            unsigned baselen = strlen(var->name);

            if (included_in_packed_varying(var, name)) {
                  stages |= (1 << i);
                  break;
            }

            /* Type needs to match if specified, otherwise we might
             * pick a variable with same name but different interface.
             */
            if (var->data.mode != mode)
               continue;

            if (strncmp(var->name, name, baselen) == 0) {
               /* Check for exact name matches but also check for arrays and
                * structs.
                */
               if (name[baselen] == '\0' ||
                   name[baselen] == '[' ||
                   name[baselen] == '.') {
                  stages |= (1 << i);
                  break;
               }
            }
         }
      }
   }
   return stages;
}

static bool
add_interface_variables(struct gl_shader_program *shProg,
                        exec_list *ir, GLenum programInterface)
{
   foreach_in_list(ir_instruction, node, ir) {
      ir_variable *var = node->as_variable();
      uint8_t mask = 0;

      if (!var)
         continue;

      switch (var->data.mode) {
      /* From GL 4.3 core spec, section 11.1.1 (Vertex Attributes):
       * "For GetActiveAttrib, all active vertex shader input variables
       * are enumerated, including the special built-in inputs gl_VertexID
       * and gl_InstanceID."
       */
      case ir_var_system_value:
         if (var->data.location != SYSTEM_VALUE_VERTEX_ID &&
             var->data.location != SYSTEM_VALUE_VERTEX_ID_ZERO_BASE &&
             var->data.location != SYSTEM_VALUE_INSTANCE_ID)
            continue;
         /* Mark special built-in inputs referenced by the vertex stage so
          * that they are considered active by the shader queries.
          */
         mask = (1 << (MESA_SHADER_VERTEX));
         /* FALLTHROUGH */
      case ir_var_shader_in:
         if (programInterface != GL_PROGRAM_INPUT)
            continue;
         break;
      case ir_var_shader_out:
         if (programInterface != GL_PROGRAM_OUTPUT)
            continue;
         break;
      default:
         continue;
      };

      /* Skip packed varyings, packed varyings are handled separately
       * by add_packed_varyings.
       */
      if (strncmp(var->name, "packed:", 7) == 0)
         continue;

      if (!add_program_resource(shProg, programInterface, var,
                                build_stageref(shProg, var->name,
                                               var->data.mode) | mask))
         return false;
   }
   return true;
}

static bool
add_packed_varyings(struct gl_shader_program *shProg, int stage)
{
   struct gl_shader *sh = shProg->_LinkedShaders[stage];
   GLenum iface;

   if (!sh || !sh->packed_varyings)
      return true;

   foreach_in_list(ir_instruction, node, sh->packed_varyings) {
      ir_variable *var = node->as_variable();
      if (var) {
         switch (var->data.mode) {
         case ir_var_shader_in:
            iface = GL_PROGRAM_INPUT;
            break;
         case ir_var_shader_out:
            iface = GL_PROGRAM_OUTPUT;
            break;
         default:
            unreachable("unexpected type");
         }
         if (!add_program_resource(shProg, iface, var,
                                   build_stageref(shProg, var->name,
                                                  var->data.mode)))
            return false;
      }
   }
   return true;
}

static char*
get_top_level_name(const char *name)
{
   const char *first_dot = strchr(name, '.');
   const char *first_square_bracket = strchr(name, '[');
   int name_size = 0;
   /* From ARB_program_interface_query spec:
    *
    * "For the property TOP_LEVEL_ARRAY_SIZE, a single integer identifying the
    *  number of active array elements of the top-level shader storage block
    *  member containing to the active variable is written to <params>.  If the
    *  top-level block member is not declared as an array, the value one is
    *  written to <params>.  If the top-level block member is an array with no
    *  declared size, the value zero is written to <params>.
    */

   /* The buffer variable is on top level.*/
   if (!first_square_bracket && !first_dot)
      name_size = strlen(name);
   else if ((!first_square_bracket ||
            (first_dot && first_dot < first_square_bracket)))
      name_size = first_dot - name;
   else
      name_size = first_square_bracket - name;

   return strndup(name, name_size);
}

static char*
get_var_name(const char *name)
{
   const char *first_dot = strchr(name, '.');

   if (!first_dot)
      return strdup(name);

   return strndup(first_dot+1, strlen(first_dot) - 1);
}

static bool
is_top_level_shader_storage_block_member(const char* name,
                                         const char* interface_name,
                                         const char* field_name)
{
   bool result = false;

   /* If the given variable is already a top-level shader storage
    * block member, then return array_size = 1.
    * We could have two possibilities: if we have an instanced
    * shader storage block or not instanced.
    *
    * For the first, we check create a name as it was in top level and
    * compare it with the real name. If they are the same, then
    * the variable is already at top-level.
    *
    * Full instanced name is: interface name + '.' + var name +
    *    NULL character
    */
   int name_length = strlen(interface_name) + 1 + strlen(field_name) + 1;
   char *full_instanced_name = (char *) calloc(name_length, sizeof(char));
   if (!full_instanced_name) {
      fprintf(stderr, "%s: Cannot allocate space for name\n", __func__);
      return false;
   }

   snprintf(full_instanced_name, name_length, "%s.%s",
            interface_name, field_name);

   /* Check if its top-level shader storage block member of an
    * instanced interface block, or of a unnamed interface block.
    */
   if (strcmp(name, full_instanced_name) == 0 ||
       strcmp(name, field_name) == 0)
      result = true;

   free(full_instanced_name);
   return result;
}

static void
calculate_array_size(struct gl_shader_program *shProg,
                     struct gl_uniform_storage *uni)
{
   int block_index = uni->block_index;
   int array_size = -1;
   char *var_name = get_top_level_name(uni->name);
   char *interface_name =
      get_top_level_name(shProg->BufferInterfaceBlocks[block_index].Name);

   if (strcmp(var_name, interface_name) == 0) {
      /* Deal with instanced array of SSBOs */
      char *temp_name = get_var_name(uni->name);
      free(var_name);
      var_name = get_top_level_name(temp_name);
      free(temp_name);
   }

   for (unsigned i = 0; i < shProg->NumShaders; i++) {
      if (shProg->Shaders[i] == NULL)
         continue;

      const gl_shader *stage = shProg->Shaders[i];
      foreach_in_list(ir_instruction, node, stage->ir) {
         ir_variable *var = node->as_variable();
         if (!var || !var->get_interface_type() ||
             var->data.mode != ir_var_shader_storage)
            continue;

         const glsl_type *interface = var->get_interface_type();

         if (strcmp(interface_name, interface->name) != 0)
            continue;

         for (unsigned i = 0; i < interface->length; i++) {
            const glsl_struct_field *field = &interface->fields.structure[i];
            if (strcmp(field->name, var_name) != 0)
               continue;
            /* From GL_ARB_program_interface_query spec:
             *
             * "For the property TOP_LEVEL_ARRAY_SIZE, a single integer
             * identifying the number of active array elements of the top-level
             * shader storage block member containing to the active variable is
             * written to <params>.  If the top-level block member is not
             * declared as an array, the value one is written to <params>.  If
             * the top-level block member is an array with no declared size,
             * the value zero is written to <params>.
             */
            if (is_top_level_shader_storage_block_member(uni->name,
                                                         interface_name,
                                                         var_name))
               array_size = 1;
            else if (field->type->is_unsized_array())
               array_size = 0;
            else if (field->type->is_array())
               array_size = field->type->length;
            else
               array_size = 1;

            goto found_top_level_array_size;
         }
      }
   }
found_top_level_array_size:
   free(interface_name);
   free(var_name);
   uni->top_level_array_size = array_size;
}

static void
calculate_array_stride(struct gl_shader_program *shProg,
                       struct gl_uniform_storage *uni)
{
   int block_index = uni->block_index;
   int array_stride = -1;
   char *var_name = get_top_level_name(uni->name);
   char *interface_name =
      get_top_level_name(shProg->BufferInterfaceBlocks[block_index].Name);

   if (strcmp(var_name, interface_name) == 0) {
      /* Deal with instanced array of SSBOs */
      char *temp_name = get_var_name(uni->name);
      free(var_name);
      var_name = get_top_level_name(temp_name);
      free(temp_name);
   }

   for (unsigned i = 0; i < shProg->NumShaders; i++) {
      if (shProg->Shaders[i] == NULL)
         continue;

      const gl_shader *stage = shProg->Shaders[i];
      foreach_in_list(ir_instruction, node, stage->ir) {
         ir_variable *var = node->as_variable();
         if (!var || !var->get_interface_type() ||
             var->data.mode != ir_var_shader_storage)
            continue;

         const glsl_type *interface = var->get_interface_type();

         if (strcmp(interface_name, interface->name) != 0) {
            continue;
         }

         for (unsigned i = 0; i < interface->length; i++) {
            const glsl_struct_field *field = &interface->fields.structure[i];
            if (strcmp(field->name, var_name) != 0)
               continue;
            /* From GL_ARB_program_interface_query:
             *
             * "For the property TOP_LEVEL_ARRAY_STRIDE, a single integer
             *  identifying the stride between array elements of the top-level
             *  shader storage block member containing the active variable is
             *  written to <params>.  For top-level block members declared as
             *  arrays, the value written is the difference, in basic machine
             *  units, between the offsets of the active variable for
             *  consecutive elements in the top-level array.  For top-level
             *  block members not declared as an array, zero is written to
             *  <params>."
             */
            if (field->type->is_array()) {
               const enum glsl_matrix_layout matrix_layout =
                  glsl_matrix_layout(field->matrix_layout);
               bool row_major = matrix_layout == GLSL_MATRIX_LAYOUT_ROW_MAJOR;
               const glsl_type *array_type = field->type->fields.array;

               if (is_top_level_shader_storage_block_member(uni->name,
                                                            interface_name,
                                                            var_name)) {
                  array_stride = 0;
                  goto found_top_level_array_stride;
               }
               if (interface->interface_packing != GLSL_INTERFACE_PACKING_STD430) {
                  if (array_type->is_record() || array_type->is_array()) {
                     array_stride = array_type->std140_size(row_major);
                     array_stride = glsl_align(array_stride, 16);
                  } else {
                     unsigned element_base_align = 0;
                     element_base_align = array_type->std140_base_alignment(row_major);
                     array_stride = MAX2(element_base_align, 16);
                  }
               } else {
                  array_stride = array_type->std430_array_stride(row_major);
               }
            } else {
               array_stride = 0;
            }
            goto found_top_level_array_stride;
         }
      }
   }
found_top_level_array_stride:
   free(interface_name);
   free(var_name);
   uni->top_level_array_stride = array_stride;
}

/**
 * Builds up a list of program resources that point to existing
 * resource data.
 */
void
build_program_resource_list(struct gl_shader_program *shProg)
{
   /* Rebuild resource list. */
   if (shProg->ProgramResourceList) {
      ralloc_free(shProg->ProgramResourceList);
      shProg->ProgramResourceList = NULL;
      shProg->NumProgramResourceList = 0;
   }

   int input_stage = MESA_SHADER_STAGES, output_stage = 0;

   /* Determine first input and final output stage. These are used to
    * detect which variables should be enumerated in the resource list
    * for GL_PROGRAM_INPUT and GL_PROGRAM_OUTPUT.
    */
   for (unsigned i = 0; i < MESA_SHADER_STAGES; i++) {
      if (!shProg->_LinkedShaders[i])
         continue;
      if (input_stage == MESA_SHADER_STAGES)
         input_stage = i;
      output_stage = i;
   }

   /* Empty shader, no resources. */
   if (input_stage == MESA_SHADER_STAGES && output_stage == 0)
      return;

   /* Program interface needs to expose varyings in case of SSO. */
   if (shProg->SeparateShader) {
      if (!add_packed_varyings(shProg, input_stage))
         return;
      if (!add_packed_varyings(shProg, output_stage))
         return;
   }

   /* Add inputs and outputs to the resource list. */
   if (!add_interface_variables(shProg, shProg->_LinkedShaders[input_stage]->ir,
                                GL_PROGRAM_INPUT))
      return;

   if (!add_interface_variables(shProg, shProg->_LinkedShaders[output_stage]->ir,
                                GL_PROGRAM_OUTPUT))
      return;

   /* Add transform feedback varyings. */
   if (shProg->LinkedTransformFeedback.NumVarying > 0) {
      for (int i = 0; i < shProg->LinkedTransformFeedback.NumVarying; i++) {
         if (!add_program_resource(shProg, GL_TRANSFORM_FEEDBACK_VARYING,
                                   &shProg->LinkedTransformFeedback.Varyings[i],
                                   0))
         return;
      }
   }

   /* Add uniforms from uniform storage. */
   for (unsigned i = 0; i < shProg->NumUniformStorage; i++) {
      /* Do not add uniforms internally used by Mesa. */
      if (shProg->UniformStorage[i].hidden)
         continue;

      uint8_t stageref =
         build_stageref(shProg, shProg->UniformStorage[i].name,
                        ir_var_uniform);

      /* Add stagereferences for uniforms in a uniform block. */
      int block_index = shProg->UniformStorage[i].block_index;
      if (block_index != -1) {
         for (unsigned j = 0; j < MESA_SHADER_STAGES; j++) {
             if (shProg->UniformBlockStageIndex[j][block_index] != -1)
                stageref |= (1 << j);
         }
      }

      bool is_shader_storage =  shProg->UniformStorage[i].is_shader_storage;
      GLenum type = is_shader_storage ? GL_BUFFER_VARIABLE : GL_UNIFORM;
      if (!should_add_buffer_variable(shProg, type,
                                      shProg->UniformStorage[i].name))
         continue;

      if (is_shader_storage) {
         calculate_array_size(shProg, &shProg->UniformStorage[i]);
         calculate_array_stride(shProg, &shProg->UniformStorage[i]);
      }

      if (!add_program_resource(shProg, type,
                                &shProg->UniformStorage[i], stageref))
         return;
   }

   /* Add program uniform blocks and shader storage blocks. */
   for (unsigned i = 0; i < shProg->NumBufferInterfaceBlocks; i++) {
      bool is_shader_storage = shProg->BufferInterfaceBlocks[i].IsShaderStorage;
      GLenum type = is_shader_storage ? GL_SHADER_STORAGE_BLOCK : GL_UNIFORM_BLOCK;
      if (!add_program_resource(shProg, type,
          &shProg->BufferInterfaceBlocks[i], 0))
         return;
   }

   /* Add atomic counter buffers. */
   for (unsigned i = 0; i < shProg->NumAtomicBuffers; i++) {
      if (!add_program_resource(shProg, GL_ATOMIC_COUNTER_BUFFER,
                                &shProg->AtomicBuffers[i], 0))
         return;
   }

   for (unsigned i = 0; i < shProg->NumUniformStorage; i++) {
      GLenum type;
      if (!shProg->UniformStorage[i].hidden)
         continue;

      for (int j = MESA_SHADER_VERTEX; j < MESA_SHADER_STAGES; j++) {
         if (!shProg->UniformStorage[i].opaque[j].active)
            continue;

         type = _mesa_shader_stage_to_subroutine_uniform((gl_shader_stage)j);
         /* add shader subroutines */
         if (!add_program_resource(shProg, type, &shProg->UniformStorage[i], 0))
            return;
      }
   }

   for (unsigned i = 0; i < MESA_SHADER_STAGES; i++) {
      struct gl_shader *sh = shProg->_LinkedShaders[i];
      GLuint type;

      if (!sh)
         continue;

      type = _mesa_shader_stage_to_subroutine((gl_shader_stage)i);
      for (unsigned j = 0; j < sh->NumSubroutineFunctions; j++) {
         if (!add_program_resource(shProg, type, &sh->SubroutineFunctions[j], 0))
            return;
      }
   }

   /* TODO - following extensions will require more resource types:
    *
    *    GL_ARB_shader_storage_buffer_object
    */
}

/**
 * This check is done to make sure we allow only constant expression
 * indexing and "constant-index-expression" (indexing with an expression
 * that includes loop induction variable).
 */
static bool
validate_sampler_array_indexing(struct gl_context *ctx,
                                struct gl_shader_program *prog)
{
   dynamic_sampler_array_indexing_visitor v;
   for (unsigned i = 0; i < MESA_SHADER_STAGES; i++) {
      if (prog->_LinkedShaders[i] == NULL)
         continue;

      bool no_dynamic_indexing =
         ctx->Const.ShaderCompilerOptions[i].EmitNoIndirectSampler;

      /* Search for array derefs in shader. */
      v.run(prog->_LinkedShaders[i]->ir);
      if (v.uses_dynamic_sampler_array_indexing()) {
         const char *msg = "sampler arrays indexed with non-constant "
                           "expressions is forbidden in GLSL %s %u";
         /* Backend has indicated that it has no dynamic indexing support. */
         if (no_dynamic_indexing) {
            linker_error(prog, msg, prog->IsES ? "ES" : "", prog->Version);
            return false;
         } else {
            linker_warning(prog, msg, prog->IsES ? "ES" : "", prog->Version);
         }
      }
   }
   return true;
}

static void
link_assign_subroutine_types(struct gl_shader_program *prog)
{
   for (unsigned i = 0; i < MESA_SHADER_STAGES; i++) {
      gl_shader *sh = prog->_LinkedShaders[i];

      if (sh == NULL)
         continue;

      foreach_in_list(ir_instruction, node, sh->ir) {
         ir_function *fn = node->as_function();
         if (!fn)
            continue;

         if (fn->is_subroutine)
            sh->NumSubroutineUniformTypes++;

         if (!fn->num_subroutine_types)
            continue;

         sh->SubroutineFunctions = reralloc(sh, sh->SubroutineFunctions,
                                            struct gl_subroutine_function,
                                            sh->NumSubroutineFunctions + 1);
         sh->SubroutineFunctions[sh->NumSubroutineFunctions].name = ralloc_strdup(sh, fn->name);
         sh->SubroutineFunctions[sh->NumSubroutineFunctions].num_compat_types = fn->num_subroutine_types;
         sh->SubroutineFunctions[sh->NumSubroutineFunctions].types =
            ralloc_array(sh, const struct glsl_type *,
                         fn->num_subroutine_types);
         for (int j = 0; j < fn->num_subroutine_types; j++)
            sh->SubroutineFunctions[sh->NumSubroutineFunctions].types[j] = fn->subroutine_types[j];
         sh->NumSubroutineFunctions++;
      }
   }
}

static void
split_ubos_and_ssbos(void *mem_ctx,
                     struct gl_uniform_block *blocks,
                     unsigned num_blocks,
                     struct gl_uniform_block ***ubos,
                     unsigned *num_ubos,
                     struct gl_uniform_block ***ssbos,
                     unsigned *num_ssbos)
{
   unsigned num_ubo_blocks = 0;
   unsigned num_ssbo_blocks = 0;

   for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_blocks; i++) {
      if (blocks[i].IsShaderStorage)
         num_ssbo_blocks++;
      else
         num_ubo_blocks++;
   }

   *ubos = ralloc_array(mem_ctx, gl_uniform_block *, num_ubo_blocks);
   *num_ubos = 0;

   *ssbos = ralloc_array(mem_ctx, gl_uniform_block *, num_ssbo_blocks);
   *num_ssbos = 0;

   for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_blocks; i++) {
      if (blocks[i].IsShaderStorage) {
         (*ssbos)[(*num_ssbos)++] = &blocks[i];
      } else {
         (*ubos)[(*num_ubos)++] = &blocks[i];
      }
   }

   assert(*num_ubos + *num_ssbos == num_blocks);
}

void
link_shaders(struct gl_context *ctx, struct gl_shader_program *prog)
{
   tfeedback_decl *tfeedback_decls = NULL;
   unsigned num_tfeedback_decls = prog->TransformFeedback.NumVarying;

   void *mem_ctx = ralloc_context(NULL); // temporary linker context

   prog->LinkStatus = true; /* All error paths will set this to false */
   prog->Validated = false;
   prog->_Used = false;

   prog->ARB_fragment_coord_conventions_enable = false;

   /* Separate the shaders into groups based on their type.
    */
   struct gl_shader **shader_list[MESA_SHADER_STAGES];
   unsigned num_shaders[MESA_SHADER_STAGES];

   for (int i = 0; i < MESA_SHADER_STAGES; i++) {
      shader_list[i] = (struct gl_shader **)
         calloc(prog->NumShaders, sizeof(struct gl_shader *));
      num_shaders[i] = 0;
   }

   unsigned min_version = UINT_MAX;
   unsigned max_version = 0;
   const bool is_es_prog =
      (prog->NumShaders > 0 && prog->Shaders[0]->IsES) ? true : false;
   for (unsigned i = 0; i < prog->NumShaders; i++) {
      min_version = MIN2(min_version, prog->Shaders[i]->Version);
      max_version = MAX2(max_version, prog->Shaders[i]->Version);

      if (prog->Shaders[i]->IsES != is_es_prog) {
         linker_error(prog, "all shaders must use same shading "
                      "language version\n");
         goto done;
      }

      if (prog->Shaders[i]->ARB_fragment_coord_conventions_enable) {
         prog->ARB_fragment_coord_conventions_enable = true;
      }

      gl_shader_stage shader_type = prog->Shaders[i]->Stage;
      shader_list[shader_type][num_shaders[shader_type]] = prog->Shaders[i];
      num_shaders[shader_type]++;
   }

   /* In desktop GLSL, different shader versions may be linked together.  In
    * GLSL ES, all shader versions must be the same.
    */
   if (is_es_prog && min_version != max_version) {
      linker_error(prog, "all shaders must use same shading "
                   "language version\n");
      goto done;
   }

   prog->Version = max_version;
   prog->IsES = is_es_prog;

   /* From OpenGL 4.5 Core specification (7.3 Program Objects):
    *     "Linking can fail for a variety of reasons as specified in the OpenGL
    *     Shading Language Specification, as well as any of the following
    *     reasons:
    *
    *     * No shader objects are attached to program.
    *
    *     ..."
    *
    *     Same rule applies for OpenGL ES >= 3.1.
    */

   if (prog->NumShaders == 0 &&
       ((ctx->API == API_OPENGL_CORE && ctx->Version >= 45) ||
        (ctx->API == API_OPENGLES2 && ctx->Version >= 31))) {
      linker_error(prog, "No shader objects are attached to program.\n");
      goto done;
   }

   /* Some shaders have to be linked with some other shaders present.
    */
   if (num_shaders[MESA_SHADER_GEOMETRY] > 0 &&
       num_shaders[MESA_SHADER_VERTEX] == 0 &&
       !prog->SeparateShader) {
      linker_error(prog, "Geometry shader must be linked with "
                   "vertex shader\n");
      goto done;
   }
   if (num_shaders[MESA_SHADER_TESS_EVAL] > 0 &&
       num_shaders[MESA_SHADER_VERTEX] == 0 &&
       !prog->SeparateShader) {
      linker_error(prog, "Tessellation evaluation shader must be linked with "
                   "vertex shader\n");
      goto done;
   }
   if (num_shaders[MESA_SHADER_TESS_CTRL] > 0 &&
       num_shaders[MESA_SHADER_VERTEX] == 0 &&
       !prog->SeparateShader) {
      linker_error(prog, "Tessellation control shader must be linked with "
                   "vertex shader\n");
      goto done;
   }

   /* The spec is self-contradictory here. It allows linking without a tess
    * eval shader, but that can only be used with transform feedback and
    * rasterization disabled. However, transform feedback isn't allowed
    * with GL_PATCHES, so it can't be used.
    *
    * More investigation showed that the idea of transform feedback after
    * a tess control shader was dropped, because some hw vendors couldn't
    * support tessellation without a tess eval shader, but the linker section
    * wasn't updated to reflect that.
    *
    * All specifications (ARB_tessellation_shader, GL 4.0-4.5) have this
    * spec bug.
    *
    * Do what's reasonable and always require a tess eval shader if a tess
    * control shader is present.
    */
   if (num_shaders[MESA_SHADER_TESS_CTRL] > 0 &&
       num_shaders[MESA_SHADER_TESS_EVAL] == 0 &&
       !prog->SeparateShader) {
      linker_error(prog, "Tessellation control shader must be linked with "
                   "tessellation evaluation shader\n");
      goto done;
   }

   /* Compute shaders have additional restrictions. */
   if (num_shaders[MESA_SHADER_COMPUTE] > 0 &&
       num_shaders[MESA_SHADER_COMPUTE] != prog->NumShaders) {
      linker_error(prog, "Compute shaders may not be linked with any other "
                   "type of shader\n");
   }

   for (unsigned int i = 0; i < MESA_SHADER_STAGES; i++) {
      if (prog->_LinkedShaders[i] != NULL)
         _mesa_delete_shader(ctx, prog->_LinkedShaders[i]);

      prog->_LinkedShaders[i] = NULL;
   }

   /* Link all shaders for a particular stage and validate the result.
    */
   for (int stage = 0; stage < MESA_SHADER_STAGES; stage++) {
      if (num_shaders[stage] > 0) {
         gl_shader *const sh =
            link_intrastage_shaders(mem_ctx, ctx, prog, shader_list[stage],
                                    num_shaders[stage]);

         if (!prog->LinkStatus) {
            if (sh)
               _mesa_delete_shader(ctx, sh);
            goto done;
         }

         switch (stage) {
         case MESA_SHADER_VERTEX:
            validate_vertex_shader_executable(prog, sh);
            break;
         case MESA_SHADER_TESS_CTRL:
            /* nothing to be done */
            break;
         case MESA_SHADER_TESS_EVAL:
            validate_tess_eval_shader_executable(prog, sh);
            break;
         case MESA_SHADER_GEOMETRY:
            validate_geometry_shader_executable(prog, sh);
            break;
         case MESA_SHADER_FRAGMENT:
            validate_fragment_shader_executable(prog, sh);
            break;
         }
         if (!prog->LinkStatus) {
            if (sh)
               _mesa_delete_shader(ctx, sh);
            goto done;
         }

         _mesa_reference_shader(ctx, &prog->_LinkedShaders[stage], sh);
      }
   }

   if (num_shaders[MESA_SHADER_GEOMETRY] > 0)
      prog->LastClipDistanceArraySize = prog->Geom.ClipDistanceArraySize;
   else if (num_shaders[MESA_SHADER_TESS_EVAL] > 0)
      prog->LastClipDistanceArraySize = prog->TessEval.ClipDistanceArraySize;
   else if (num_shaders[MESA_SHADER_VERTEX] > 0)
      prog->LastClipDistanceArraySize = prog->Vert.ClipDistanceArraySize;
   else
      prog->LastClipDistanceArraySize = 0; /* Not used */

   /* Here begins the inter-stage linking phase.  Some initial validation is
    * performed, then locations are assigned for uniforms, attributes, and
    * varyings.
    */
   cross_validate_uniforms(prog);
   if (!prog->LinkStatus)
      goto done;

   unsigned prev;

   for (prev = 0; prev <= MESA_SHADER_FRAGMENT; prev++) {
      if (prog->_LinkedShaders[prev] != NULL)
         break;
   }

   check_explicit_uniform_locations(ctx, prog);
   link_assign_subroutine_types(prog);

   if (!prog->LinkStatus)
      goto done;

   resize_tes_inputs(ctx, prog);

   /* Validate the inputs of each stage with the output of the preceding
    * stage.
    */
   for (unsigned i = prev + 1; i <= MESA_SHADER_FRAGMENT; i++) {
      if (prog->_LinkedShaders[i] == NULL)
         continue;

      validate_interstage_inout_blocks(prog, prog->_LinkedShaders[prev],
                                       prog->_LinkedShaders[i]);
      if (!prog->LinkStatus)
         goto done;

      cross_validate_outputs_to_inputs(prog,
                                       prog->_LinkedShaders[prev],
                                       prog->_LinkedShaders[i]);
      if (!prog->LinkStatus)
         goto done;

      prev = i;
   }

   /* Cross-validate uniform blocks between shader stages */
   validate_interstage_uniform_blocks(prog, prog->_LinkedShaders,
                                      MESA_SHADER_STAGES);
   if (!prog->LinkStatus)
      goto done;

   for (unsigned int i = 0; i < MESA_SHADER_STAGES; i++) {
      if (prog->_LinkedShaders[i] != NULL)
         lower_named_interface_blocks(mem_ctx, prog->_LinkedShaders[i]);
   }

   /* Implement the GLSL 1.30+ rule for discard vs infinite loops Do
    * it before optimization because we want most of the checks to get
    * dropped thanks to constant propagation.
    *
    * This rule also applies to GLSL ES 3.00.
    */
   if (max_version >= (is_es_prog ? 300 : 130)) {
      struct gl_shader *sh = prog->_LinkedShaders[MESA_SHADER_FRAGMENT];
      if (sh) {
         lower_discard_flow(sh->ir);
      }
   }

   if (!interstage_cross_validate_uniform_blocks(prog))
      goto done;

   /* Do common optimization before assigning storage for attributes,
    * uniforms, and varyings.  Later optimization could possibly make
    * some of that unused.
    */
   for (unsigned i = 0; i < MESA_SHADER_STAGES; i++) {
      if (prog->_LinkedShaders[i] == NULL)
         continue;

      detect_recursion_linked(prog, prog->_LinkedShaders[i]->ir);
      if (!prog->LinkStatus)
         goto done;

      if (ctx->Const.ShaderCompilerOptions[i].LowerClipDistance) {
         lower_clip_distance(prog->_LinkedShaders[i]);
      }

      if (ctx->Const.LowerTessLevel) {
         lower_tess_level(prog->_LinkedShaders[i]);
      }

      while (do_common_optimization(prog->_LinkedShaders[i]->ir, true, false,
                                    &ctx->Const.ShaderCompilerOptions[i],
                                    ctx->Const.NativeIntegers))
         ;

      lower_const_arrays_to_uniforms(prog->_LinkedShaders[i]->ir);
   }

   /* Validation for special cases where we allow sampler array indexing
    * with loop induction variable. This check emits a warning or error
    * depending if backend can handle dynamic indexing.
    */
   if ((!prog->IsES && prog->Version < 130) ||
       (prog->IsES && prog->Version < 300)) {
      if (!validate_sampler_array_indexing(ctx, prog))
         goto done;
   }

   /* Check and validate stream emissions in geometry shaders */
   validate_geometry_shader_emissions(ctx, prog);

   /* Mark all generic shader inputs and outputs as unpaired. */
   for (unsigned i = MESA_SHADER_VERTEX; i <= MESA_SHADER_FRAGMENT; i++) {
      if (prog->_LinkedShaders[i] != NULL) {
         link_invalidate_variable_locations(prog->_LinkedShaders[i]->ir);
      }
   }

   if (!assign_attribute_or_color_locations(prog, &ctx->Const,
                                            MESA_SHADER_VERTEX)) {
      goto done;
   }

   if (!assign_attribute_or_color_locations(prog, &ctx->Const,
                                            MESA_SHADER_FRAGMENT)) {
      goto done;
   }

   unsigned first, last;

   first = MESA_SHADER_STAGES;
   last = 0;

   /* Determine first and last stage. */
   for (unsigned i = 0; i < MESA_SHADER_STAGES; i++) {
      if (!prog->_LinkedShaders[i])
         continue;
      if (first == MESA_SHADER_STAGES)
         first = i;
      last = i;
   }

   if (num_tfeedback_decls != 0) {
      /* From GL_EXT_transform_feedback:
       *   A program will fail to link if:
       *
       *   * the <count> specified by TransformFeedbackVaryingsEXT is
       *     non-zero, but the program object has no vertex or geometry
       *     shader;
       */
      if (first == MESA_SHADER_FRAGMENT) {
         linker_error(prog, "Transform feedback varyings specified, but "
                      "no vertex or geometry shader is present.\n");
         goto done;
      }

      tfeedback_decls = ralloc_array(mem_ctx, tfeedback_decl,
                                     prog->TransformFeedback.NumVarying);
      if (!parse_tfeedback_decls(ctx, prog, mem_ctx, num_tfeedback_decls,
                                 prog->TransformFeedback.VaryingNames,
                                 tfeedback_decls))
         goto done;
   }

   /* Linking the stages in the opposite order (from fragment to vertex)
    * ensures that inter-shader outputs written to in an earlier stage are
    * eliminated if they are (transitively) not used in a later stage.
    */
   int next;

   if (first < MESA_SHADER_FRAGMENT) {
      gl_shader *const sh = prog->_LinkedShaders[last];

      if (first == MESA_SHADER_GEOMETRY) {
         /* There was no vertex shader, but we still have to assign varying
          * locations for use by geometry shader inputs in SSO.
          *
          * If the shader is not separable (i.e., prog->SeparateShader is
          * false), linking will have already failed when first is
          * MESA_SHADER_GEOMETRY.
          */
         if (!assign_varying_locations(ctx, mem_ctx, prog,
                                       NULL, prog->_LinkedShaders[first],
                                       num_tfeedback_decls, tfeedback_decls))
            goto done;
      }

      if (last != MESA_SHADER_FRAGMENT &&
         (num_tfeedback_decls != 0 || prog->SeparateShader)) {
         /* There was no fragment shader, but we still have to assign varying
          * locations for use by transform feedback.
          */
         if (!assign_varying_locations(ctx, mem_ctx, prog,
                                       sh, NULL,
                                       num_tfeedback_decls, tfeedback_decls))
            goto done;
      }

      do_dead_builtin_varyings(ctx, sh, NULL,
                               num_tfeedback_decls, tfeedback_decls);

      if (!prog->SeparateShader)
         demote_shader_inputs_and_outputs(sh, ir_var_shader_out);

      /* Eliminate code that is now dead due to unused outputs being demoted.
       */
      while (do_dead_code(sh->ir, false))
         ;
   }
   else if (first == MESA_SHADER_FRAGMENT) {
      /* If the program only contains a fragment shader...
       */
      gl_shader *const sh = prog->_LinkedShaders[first];

      do_dead_builtin_varyings(ctx, NULL, sh,
                               num_tfeedback_decls, tfeedback_decls);

      if (prog->SeparateShader) {
         if (!assign_varying_locations(ctx, mem_ctx, prog,
                                       NULL /* producer */,
                                       sh /* consumer */,
                                       0 /* num_tfeedback_decls */,
                                       NULL /* tfeedback_decls */))
            goto done;
      } else
         demote_shader_inputs_and_outputs(sh, ir_var_shader_in);

      while (do_dead_code(sh->ir, false))
         ;
   }

   next = last;
   for (int i = next - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
      if (prog->_LinkedShaders[i] == NULL)
         continue;

      gl_shader *const sh_i = prog->_LinkedShaders[i];
      gl_shader *const sh_next = prog->_LinkedShaders[next];

      if (!assign_varying_locations(ctx, mem_ctx, prog, sh_i, sh_next,
                next == MESA_SHADER_FRAGMENT ? num_tfeedback_decls : 0,
                tfeedback_decls))
         goto done;

      do_dead_builtin_varyings(ctx, sh_i, sh_next,
                next == MESA_SHADER_FRAGMENT ? num_tfeedback_decls : 0,
                tfeedback_decls);

      demote_shader_inputs_and_outputs(sh_i, ir_var_shader_out);
      demote_shader_inputs_and_outputs(sh_next, ir_var_shader_in);

      /* Eliminate code that is now dead due to unused outputs being demoted.
       */
      while (do_dead_code(sh_i->ir, false))
         ;
      while (do_dead_code(sh_next->ir, false))
         ;

      /* This must be done after all dead varyings are eliminated. */
      if (!check_against_output_limit(ctx, prog, sh_i))
         goto done;
      if (!check_against_input_limit(ctx, prog, sh_next))
         goto done;

      next = i;
   }

   if (!store_tfeedback_info(ctx, prog, num_tfeedback_decls, tfeedback_decls))
      goto done;

   update_array_sizes(prog);
   link_assign_uniform_locations(prog, ctx->Const.UniformBooleanTrue);
   link_assign_atomic_counter_resources(ctx, prog);
   store_fragdepth_layout(prog);

   link_calculate_subroutine_compat(prog);
   check_resources(ctx, prog);
   check_subroutine_resources(prog);
   check_image_resources(ctx, prog);
   link_check_atomic_counter_resources(ctx, prog);

   if (!prog->LinkStatus)
      goto done;

   /* OpenGL ES requires that a vertex shader and a fragment shader both be
    * present in a linked program. GL_ARB_ES2_compatibility doesn't say
    * anything about shader linking when one of the shaders (vertex or
    * fragment shader) is absent. So, the extension shouldn't change the
    * behavior specified in GLSL specification.
    */
   if (!prog->SeparateShader && ctx->API == API_OPENGLES2) {
      /* With ES < 3.1 one needs to have always vertex + fragment shader. */
      if (ctx->Version < 31) {
         if (prog->_LinkedShaders[MESA_SHADER_VERTEX] == NULL) {
            linker_error(prog, "program lacks a vertex shader\n");
         } else if (prog->_LinkedShaders[MESA_SHADER_FRAGMENT] == NULL) {
            linker_error(prog, "program lacks a fragment shader\n");
         }
      } else {
         /* From OpenGL ES 3.1 specification (7.3 Program Objects):
          *     "Linking can fail for a variety of reasons as specified in the
          *     OpenGL ES Shading Language Specification, as well as any of the
          *     following reasons:
          *
          *     ...
          *
          *     * program contains objects to form either a vertex shader or
          *       fragment shader, and program is not separable, and does not
          *       contain objects to form both a vertex shader and fragment
          *       shader."
          */
         if (!!prog->_LinkedShaders[MESA_SHADER_VERTEX] ^
             !!prog->_LinkedShaders[MESA_SHADER_FRAGMENT]) {
            linker_error(prog, "Program needs to contain both vertex and "
                         "fragment shaders.\n");
         }
      }
   }

   /* Split BufferInterfaceBlocks into UniformBlocks and ShaderStorageBlocks
    * for gl_shader_program and gl_shader, so that drivers that need separate
    * index spaces for each set can have that.
    */
   for (unsigned i = MESA_SHADER_VERTEX; i <= MESA_SHADER_FRAGMENT; i++) {
      if (prog->_LinkedShaders[i] != NULL) {
         gl_shader *sh = prog->_LinkedShaders[i];
         split_ubos_and_ssbos(sh,
                              sh->BufferInterfaceBlocks,
                              sh->NumBufferInterfaceBlocks,
                              &sh->UniformBlocks,
                              &sh->NumUniformBlocks,
                              &sh->ShaderStorageBlocks,
                              &sh->NumShaderStorageBlocks);
      }
   }

   split_ubos_and_ssbos(prog,
                        prog->BufferInterfaceBlocks,
                        prog->NumBufferInterfaceBlocks,
                        &prog->UniformBlocks,
                        &prog->NumUniformBlocks,
                        &prog->ShaderStorageBlocks,
                        &prog->NumShaderStorageBlocks);

   /* FINISHME: Assign fragment shader output locations. */

done:
   for (unsigned i = 0; i < MESA_SHADER_STAGES; i++) {
      free(shader_list[i]);
      if (prog->_LinkedShaders[i] == NULL)
         continue;

      /* Do a final validation step to make sure that the IR wasn't
       * invalidated by any modifications performed after intrastage linking.
       */
      validate_ir_tree(prog->_LinkedShaders[i]->ir);

      /* Retain any live IR, but trash the rest. */
      reparent_ir(prog->_LinkedShaders[i]->ir, prog->_LinkedShaders[i]->ir);

      /* The symbol table in the linked shaders may contain references to
       * variables that were removed (e.g., unused uniforms).  Since it may
       * contain junk, there is no possible valid use.  Delete it and set the
       * pointer to NULL.
       */
      delete prog->_LinkedShaders[i]->symbols;
      prog->_LinkedShaders[i]->symbols = NULL;
   }

   ralloc_free(mem_ctx);
}