@ifinfo
@format
START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
-
-* Binutils: (binutils).
- The GNU binary utilities "ar", "ld", "objdump", "nm",
- "size", "strip", and "ranlib".
-
+* Binutils: (binutils). The GNU binary utilities "ar", "ld", "copy",
+ "objdump", "nm", "size", "strip", and "ranlib".
END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
@end format
@end ifinfo
+@ifinfo
+Copyright @copyright{} 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
+this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
+are preserved on all copies.
+
+@ignore
+Permission is granted to process this file through TeX and print the
+results, provided the printed document carries a copying permission
+notice identical to this one except for the removal of this paragraph
+(this paragraph not being relevant to the printed manual).
+
+@end ignore
+
+Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
+manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also that
+the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
+permission notice identical to this one.
+
+Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual
+into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions.
+@end ifinfo
+
@synindex ky cp
@c
-@c This file documents the GNU binary utilities "ar", "ld", "objdump", "nm",
-@c "size", "strip", and "ranlib".
+@c This file documents the GNU binary utilities "ar", "ld", "copy", "objdump",
+@c "nm", "size", "strip", and "ranlib".
@c
@c Copyright (C) 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@c
@c This text may be freely distributed under the terms of the GNU
@c General Public License.
@c
-@c $Id$
@setchapternewpage odd
@settitle GNU Binary Utilities
-@titlepage
-@finalout
@c @smallbook
@c @cropmarks
+@titlepage
+@finalout
@title The GNU Binary Utilities
@subtitle Version 1.97
@sp 1
@cindex version
This brief manual contains preliminary documentation for the GNU binary
utilities (collectively version 1.97):
+
+@iftex
@table @code
@item ar
Create, modify, and extract from archives
+@item copy
+Copy and translate object files
+
@item nm
List symbols from object files
@item strip
Discard symbols
@end table
-
-@ifinfo
-Copyright @copyright{} 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
-this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
-are preserved on all copies.
-
-@ignore
-Permission is granted to process this file through TeX and print the
-results, provided the printed document carries a copying permission
-notice identical to this one except for the removal of this paragraph
-(this paragraph not being relevant to the printed manual).
-
-@end ignore
-
-Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
-manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also that
-the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
-permission notice identical to this one.
-
-Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual
-into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions.
-@end ifinfo
+@end iftex
@menu
-* ar:: ar
-* ld:: ld
-* nm:: nm
-* objdump:: objdump
-* ranlib:: ranlib
-* size:: size
-* strip:: strip
-* Index:: Index
-
- --- The Detailed Node Listing ---
-
-ar
-
-* ar-cmdline:: Controlling @code{ar} on the command line
-* ar-scripts:: Controlling @code{ar} with a script
+* ar:: Create, modify, and extract from archives
+* copy:: Copy and translate object files
+* ld:(ld)Overview. Combine object and archive files
+* nm:: List symbols from object files
+* objdump:: Display information from object files
+* ranlib:: Generate index to archive contents
+* size:: List section sizes and total size
+* strip:: Discard symbols
+* Index::
@end menu
-@node ar, ld, Top, Top
+@node ar, copy, Top, Top
@chapter ar
@kindex ar
subroutines.
@cindex symbol index
-@code{ar} will create an index to the symbols defined in relocatable
+@code{ar} creates an index to the symbols defined in relocatable
object modules in the archive when you specify the modifier @samp{s}.
Once created, this index is updated in the archive whenever @code{ar}
makes a change to its contents (save for the @samp{q} update operation).
allows routines in the library to call each other without regard to
their placement in the archive.
-You may use @samp{nm -s} or @samp{nm +print-armap} to list this index
+You may use @samp{nm -s} or @samp{nm --print-armap} to list this index
table. If an archive lacks the table, another form of @code{ar} called
@code{ranlib} can be used to add just the table.
be deleted as @var{files}; the archive is untouched if you
specify no files to delete.
-If you specify the @samp{v} modifier, @code{ar} will list each module
+If you specify the @samp{v} modifier, @code{ar} lists each module
as it is deleted.
@item m
@cindex repeated names in archive
@cindex name duplication in archive
If there is more than one file with the same name (say, @samp{fie}) in
-an archive (say @samp{b.a}), @samp{ar t b.a fie} will list only the
+an archive (say @samp{b.a}), @samp{ar t b.a fie} lists only the
first instance; to see them all, you must ask for a complete
listing---in our example, @samp{ar t b.a}.
@c WRS only; per Gumby, this is implementation-dependent, and in a more
@cindex dates in archive
Preserve the @emph{original} dates of members when extracting them. If
you do not specify this modifier, files extracted from the archive
-will be stamped with the time of extraction.
+are stamped with the time of extraction.
@item s
@cindex writing archive index
@cindex scripts, @code{ar}
If you use the single command-line option @samp{-M} with @code{ar}, you
can control its operation with a rudimentary command language. This
-form of @code{ar} will operate interactively if standard input is coming
+form of @code{ar} operates interactively if standard input is coming
directly from a terminal. During interactive use, @code{ar} prompts for
input (the prompt is @samp{AR >}), and continues executing even after
errors. If you redirect standard input to a script file, no prompts are
-issued, and @code{ar} will abandon execution (with a nonzero exit code)
+issued, and @code{ar} abandons execution (with a nonzero exit code)
on any error.
The @code{ar} command language is @emph{not} designed to be equivalent
@end table
+@node copy, nm, ar, Top
+@chapter copy
+
+@smallexample
+copy [ -F @var{format} | --format=@var{format} ]
+ [ -I @var{format} | --input-format=@var{format} ]
+ [ -O @var{format} | --output-format=@var{format} ]
+ [ -S | --strip-all ] [ -g | --strip-debug ]
+ [ -x | --discard-all ] [ -X | --discard-locals ]
+ [ -v | --verbose ] [ -V | --version ]
+ @var{infile} [@var{outfile}]
+@end smallexample
+
+The GNU @code{copy} utility copies the contents of an object file to
+another. @code{copy} uses the GNU BFD Library to read and write the
+object files. It can write the destination object file in a format
+different from that of the source object file. The exact behavior of
+@code{copy} is controlled by command-line options.
+
+@code{copy} creates temporary files to do its translations and
+deletes them afterward. @code{copy} uses BFD to do all its
+translation work; it knows about all the formats BFD knows about, and
+thus is able to recognize most formats without being told explicitly.
+@xref{BFD,,BFD,ld.info,Using LD, the GNU linker}.
-@node ld, nm, ar, Top
+@table @code
+@item @var{infile}
+@itemx @var{outfile}
+The source and output files respectively.
+If you do not specify @var{outfile}, @code{copy} creates a
+temporary file and destructively renames the result with
+the name of the input file.
+
+@item -I @var{format}
+@itemx --input-format=@var{format}
+Treat the source file's object format as specified, rather than
+attempting to deduce it.
+
+@item -O @var{format}
+@itemx --output-format=@var{format}
+Write the output file using the specified object format.
+
+@item -F @var{format}
+@itemx --format=@var{format}
+Use @var{format} as the object format for both the input and the output
+file; i.e. simply transfer data from source to destination with no
+translation.
+
+@item -S
+@itemx --strip-all
+Do not copy relocation and symbol information from the source file.
+
+@item -g
+@itemx --strip-debug
+Do not copy debugging symbols from the source file.
+
+@item -x
+@itemx --discard-all
+Do not copy non-global symbols from the source file.
+@c FIXME any reason to prefer "non-global" to "local" here?
+
+@item -X
+@itemx --discard-locals
+Do not copy compiler-generated local symbols.
+(These usually start with @samp{L} or @samp{.}.)
+
+@item -V
+@itemx --version
+Show version number.
+
+@item -v
+@itemx --verbose
+Verbose output: list all object files modified. In the case of
+archives, @samp{copy -V} lists all members of the archive.
+@end table
+
+@iftex
+@node ld
@chapter ld
@cindex linker
@kindex ld
The GNU linker @code{ld} is now described in a separate manual.
@xref{Top,, Overview,, Using LD: the GNU linker}.
+@end iftex
-@node nm, objdump, ld, Top
+@node nm, objdump, copy, Top
@chapter nm
@cindex symbols
@kindex nm
@smallexample
- nm [ -a | +debug-syms ] [ -g | +extern-only ]
- [ -s | +print-armap ] [ -o | +print-file-name ]
- [ -n | +numeric-sort ] [ -p | +no-sort ]
- [ -r | +reverse-sort ] [ -u | +undefined-only ]
- [ +target @var{bfdname} ]
+ nm [ -a | --debug-syms ] [ -g | --extern-only ]
+ [ -s | --print-armap ] [ -o | --print-file-name ]
+ [ -n | --numeric-sort ] [ -p | --no-sort ]
+ [ -r | --reverse-sort ] [ -u | --undefined-only ]
+ [ --target @var{bfdname} ]
[ @var{objfiles}@dots{} ]
@end smallexample
-GNU @code{nm} will list the symbols from object files @var{objfiles}.
+GNU @code{nm} lists the symbols from object files @var{objfiles}.
The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are
equivalent.
listed as arguments, @code{nm} assumes @samp{a.out}.
@item -a
-@itemx +debug-syms
+@itemx --debug-syms
@cindex debugging symbols
Display debugger-only symbols; normally these are not listed.
@item -g
-@itemx +extern-only
+@itemx --extern-only
@cindex external symbols
Display only external symbols.
@item -p
-@itemx +no-sort
+@itemx --no-sort
@cindex sorting symbols
Don't bother to sort the symbols in any order; just print them in the
order encountered.
@item -n
-@itemx +numeric-sort
+@itemx --numeric-sort
Sort symbols numerically by their addresses, not alphabetically by their
names.
@item -s
-@itemx +print-armap
+@itemx --print-armap
@cindex symbol index, listing
When listing symbols from archive members, include the index: a mapping
(stored in the archive by @code{ar} or @code{ranlib}) of what modules
contain definitions for what names.
@item -o
-@itemx +print-file-name
+@itemx --print-file-name
@cindex input file name
@cindex file name
@cindex source file name
symbols.
@item -r
-@itemx +reverse-sort
+@itemx --reverse-sort
Reverse the sense of the sort (whether numeric or alphabetic); let the
last come first.
-@item +target @var{bfdname}
-@c @item +target
+@item --target @var{bfdname}
+@c @item --target
@cindex object code format
Specify an object code format other than your system's default format.
@xref{objdump}, for information on listing available formats.
-@c FIXME what *does* +target/no arg do?
+@c FIXME what *does* --target/no arg do?
@item -u
-@itemx +undefined-only
+@itemx --undefined-only
@cindex external symbols
@cindex undefined symbols
Display only undefined symbols (those external to each object file).
@smallexample
objdump [ -a ] [ -b @var{bfdname} ] [ -d ] [ -f ]
- [ -h | +header ] [ -i ] [ -j @var{section} ] [ -l ]
- [ -m @var{machine} ] [ -r | +reloc ] [ -s ]
- [ -t | +syms ] [ -x ]
+ [ -h | --header ] [ -i ] [ -j @var{section} ] [ -l ]
+ [ -m @var{machine} ] [ -r | --reloc ] [ -s ]
+ [ --stabs ] [ -t | --syms ] [ -x ]
@var{objfiles}@dots{}
@end smallexample
information you could list with @samp{ar tv}, @samp{objdump -a} shows
the object file format of each archive member.
-@c suggest longname +target or +format or +bfd
+@c suggest longname --target or --format or --bfd
@item -b @var{bfdname}
@cindex object code format
You can specify a particular object-code format for your object files as
each file in @var{objfiles}.
@item -h
-@itemx +header
+@itemx --header
@cindex section headers
Header. Display summary information from the section headers of the
object file.
Display a list showing all architectures and object formats available
for specification with @code{-b} or @code{-m}.
-@c suggest longname +section
+@c suggest longname --section
@item -j @var{name}
@cindex section information
Display information only for section @var{name}
-@c suggest longname +label or +linespec
+@c suggest longname --label or --linespec
@item -l
@cindex source filenames for object files
Label the display (using debugging information) with the source filename
and line numbers corresponding to the object code shown.
-@c suggest longname +architecture
+@c suggest longname --architecture
@item -m @var{machine}
@cindex architecture
Specify the object files @var{objfiles} are for architecture
option.
@item -r
-@itemx +reloc
+@itemx --reloc
@cindex relocation entries, in object file
Relocation. Print the relocation entries of the file.
@cindex object file sections
Display the full contents of any sections requested.
+@item --stabs
+@cindex stab
+@cindex .stab
+@cindex debug symbols
+@cindex ELF object file format
+Display the full contents of any sections requested. Display the
+contents of the .stab and .stab.index and .stab.excl sections from an
+ELF file. This is only useful on systems (such as Solaris 2.0) in which
+@code{.stab} debugging symbol-table entries are carried in an ELF
+section. In most other file formats, debugging symbol-table entries are
+interleaved with linkage symbols, and are visible in the @samp{--syms}
+output.
+
@item -t
-@itemx +syms
+@itemx --syms
@cindex symbol table entries, printing
Symbol Table. Print the symbol table entries of the file.
This is similar to the information provided by the @samp{nm} program.
stores it in the archive. The index lists each symbol defined by a
member of an archive that is a relocatable object file.
-You may use @samp{nm -s} or @samp{nm +print-armap} to list this index.
+You may use @samp{nm -s} or @samp{nm --print-armap} to list this index.
An archive with such an index speeds up linking to the library, and
allows routines in the library to call each other without regard to
@cindex section sizes
@smallexample
- size [ -A | -B | +format @var{compatibility} ]
- [ +help ] [ -d | -o | -x | +radix @var{number} ]
- [ +target @var{bfdname} ] [ -V | +version ]
+ size [ -A | -B | --format @var{compatibility} ]
+ [ --help ] [ -d | -o | -x | --radix @var{number} ]
+ [ --target @var{bfdname} ] [ -V | --version ]
@var{objfiles}@dots{}
@end smallexample
@item -A
@itemx -B
-@itemx +format @var{compatibility}
+@itemx --format @var{compatibility}
@cindex size display format
Using one of these options, you can choose whether the output from GNU
@code{size} resembles output from System V @code{size} (using @samp{-A},
-or @samp{+format sysv}), or Berkeley @code{size} (using @samp{-B}, or
-@samp{+format berkeley}). The default is the one-line format similar to
+or @samp{--format sysv}), or Berkeley @code{size} (using @samp{-B}, or
+@samp{--format berkeley}). The default is the one-line format similar to
Berkeley's.
-@c Bonus for doc-source readers: you can also say +format=strange (or
-@c anything else that starts with 's') for sysv, and +format=boring (or
+@c Bonus for doc-source readers: you can also say --format=strange (or
+@c anything else that starts with 's') for sysv, and --format=boring (or
@c anything else that starts with 'b') for Berkeley.
Here is an example of the Berkeley (default) format of output from
@code{size}:
@smallexample
- eg$ size +format Berkeley ranlib size
+ eg$ size --format Berkeley ranlib size
text data bss dec hex filename
294880 81920 11592 388392 5ed28 ranlib
294880 81920 11888 388688 5ee50 size
This is the same data, but displayed closer to System V conventions:
@smallexample
- eg$ size +format SysV ranlib size
+ eg$ size --format SysV ranlib size
ranlib :
section size addr
.text 294880 8192
Total 388688
@end smallexample
-@item +help
+@item --help
Show a summary of acceptable arguments and options.
@item -d
@itemx -o
@itemx -x
-@itemx +radix @var{number}
+@itemx --radix @var{number}
@cindex size number format
@cindex radix for section sizes
Using one of these options, you can control whether the size of each
-section is given in decimal (@samp{-d}, or @samp{+radix 10}); octal
-(@samp{-o}, or @samp{+radix 8}); or hexadecimal (@samp{-x}, or
-@samp{+radix 16}). In @samp{+radix @var{number}}, only the three
+section is given in decimal (@samp{-d}, or @samp{--radix 10}); octal
+(@samp{-o}, or @samp{--radix 8}); or hexadecimal (@samp{-x}, or
+@samp{--radix 16}). In @samp{--radix @var{number}}, only the three
values (8, 10, 16) are supported. The total size is always given in two
radices; decimal and hexadecimal for @samp{-d} or @samp{-x} output, or
octal and hexadecimal if you're using @samp{-o}.
-@item +target @var{bfdname}
+@item --target @var{bfdname}
@cindex object code format
You can specify a particular object-code format for @var{objfiles} as
@var{bfdname}. This may not be necessary; @var{size} can
on listing available formats.
@item -V
-@itemx +version
+@itemx --version
Display version number information on @code{size} itself.
@end table
@kindex strip
@cindex removing symbols
@cindex discarding symbols
+@cindex symbols, discarding
@smallexample
- strip [ -s | +strip-all ] [ -g | -S | +strip-debug ]
- [ -x | +discard-all ] [ -X | +discard-locals ]
- [ -T @var{bfdname} ]
- @var{objfiles}@dots{}
+strip [-F @var{format} | --format=@var{format} ]
+ [-I @var{format} | --input-format=@var{format} ]
+ [-O @var{format} | --output-format=@var{format} ]
+ [ -v | --verbose ] [ -V | --version ]
+ @var{objfiles}@dots{}
@end smallexample
-GNU @code{strip} will discard all symbols from object files
-@var{objfiles}, if no options are specified; or only certain symbols,
-depending on its command-line options.
+GNU @code{strip} discards all symbols from object files
+@var{objfiles}. The list of object files may include archives.
@code{strip} will not execute unless at least one object file is listed.
rather than writing modified copies under different names.
@end quotation
-The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are
-equivalent.
-
@table @code
-@item -s
-@itemx +strip-all
-@cindex all symbols, discarding
-This is the default case: strip all symbol entries from @var{objfiles}.
+@item -I @var{format}
+@itemx --input-format=@var{format}
+Treat the original @var{objfiles} as files with the specified object
+code format.
+
+@item -O @var{format}
+@itemx --output-format=@var{format}
+Replace @var{objfiles} with files in the output format specified.
+
+@item -F @var{format}
+@itemx --format=@var{format}
+Treat the original @var{objfiles} as files with the specified object
+code format, and rewrite them in the same format.
@item -g
@itemx -S
-@itemx +strip-debug
-@cindex debugging symbols, discarding
-Discard only debugging symbol information from @var{objfiles}.
+@itemx --strip-debug
+Remove debugging symbols only.
@item -x
-@itemx +discard-all
-@cindex local symbols, discarding
-Discard all symbols local to each file in @var{objfiles}.
-@emph{WARNING:} Note that @code{+discard-all} discards only @emph{local}
-symbols, in spite of its name.
+@itemx --discard-all
+Remove non-global symbols.
@item -X
-@itemx +discard-locals
-Discard local symbols starting with @samp{L} from each file in
-@var{objfiles}. (Some compilers produce internally-used symbols that
-begin with @samp{L}.)
+@itemx --discard-locals
+Remove compiler-generated local symbols.
+(These usually start with @code{L} or @code{.}.)
-@item -T @var{bfdname}
-@cindex object code format
-You can specify a particular object-code format @var{bfdname} for
-@var{objfiles}. This may not be necessary; @var{strip} can automatically
-recognize many formats. @xref{objdump}, for information on listing
-available formats.
+@item -V
+@itemx --version
+Show version number.
+
+@item -v
+@itemx --verbose
+Verbose output: list all object files modified. In the case of
+archives, @samp{strip -V} lists all members of the archive.
@end table
@node Index, , strip, Top
projects / binutils-gdb.git / blobdiff