c++: Stray RESULT_DECLs in result of constexpr call [PR94034]

c++: Stray RESULT_DECLs in result of constexpr call [PR94034]

When evaluating the initializer of 'a' in the following example

  struct A {
    A() = default; A(const A&);
    A *p = this;
  };
  constexpr A foo() { return {}; }
  constexpr A a = foo();

the PLACEHOLDER_EXPR for 'this' in the aggregate initializer returned by foo
gets resolved to the RESULT_DECL of foo.  But due to guaranteed RVO, the 'this'
should really be resolved to '&a'.

Fixing this properly by immediately resolving 'this' and PLACEHOLDER_EXPRs to
the ultimate object under construction would in general mean that we would no
longer be able to cache constexpr calls for which RVO possibly applies, because
the result of the call may now depend on the ultimate object under construction.

So as a mostly correct stopgap solution that retains cachability of RVO'd
constexpr calls, this patch fixes this issue by rewriting all occurrences of the
RESULT_DECL in the result of a constexpr function call with the current object
under construction, after the call returns.  This means the 'this' pointer
during construction of the temporary will still point to the temporary object
instead of the ultimate object, but besides that this approach seems
functionally equivalent to the proper approach.

gcc/cp/ChangeLog:

	PR c++/94034
	* constexpr.c (replace_result_decl_data): New struct.
	(replace_result_decl_data_r): New function.
	(replace_result_decl): New function.
	(cxx_eval_call_expression): Use it.
	* tree.c (build_aggr_init_expr): Set the location of the AGGR_INIT_EXPR
	to that of its initializer.

gcc/testsuite/ChangeLog:

	PR c++/94034
	* g++.dg/cpp0x/constexpr-empty15.C: New test.
	* g++.dg/cpp1y/constexpr-nsdmi6a.C: New test.
	* g++.dg/cpp1y/constexpr-nsdmi6b.C: New test.
	* g++.dg/cpp1y/constexpr-nsdmi7a.C: New test.
	* g++.dg/cpp1y/constexpr-nsdmi7b.C: New test.