Split sequences rewriter (#4194)

Split sequences rewriter (#4194)

This is in preparation for making the strings rewriter configurable for stats.

This moves all utility functions from SequencesRewriter to a proper place. This includes three new groupings of utility functions: those involving arithmetic entailments, those involving string entailments, those involving regular expression entailments. Here, "entailments" loosely means any question regarding a (set of) terms or formulas.

No major code changes. Added some missing documentation and lightly cleaned a few blocks of code in cpp.