package/vlc: security bump version to 3.0.12

package/vlc: security bump version to 3.0.12

Removed patch which was applied upstream, removed md5 hash.

Security Bulletin: https://www.videolan.org/security/sb-vlc3012.html
Fixes CVE-2020-26664: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26664

Added CPE_ID, cpe:2.3:a:videolan:vlc_media_player is a valid CPE
identifier for this package:
https://nvd.nist.gov/products/cpe/search/results?namingFormat=2.3&orderBy=2.3&keyword=cpe%3A2.3%3Aa%3Avideolan%3Avlc_media_player&status=FINAL

Signed-off-by: Bernd Kuhls <bernd.kuhls@t-online.de>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Petazzoni <thomas.petazzoni@bootlin.com>