+2018-04-11 Jonathan Wakely <jwakely@redhat.com>
+
+ * doc/xml/manual/abi.xml: Document header locations in recent
+ releases.
+ * doc/xml/manual/evolution.xml: Add API changes since GCC 5.
+ * doc/xml/manual/spine.xml: Update copyright years.
+ * doc/xml/manual/strings.xml: Adjust tolower example to avoid
+ undefined behaviour.
+ * doc/xml/manual/test.xml: Update outdated notes on VERIFY in tests.
+ * doc/html/*: Regenerate.
+
2018-04-10 Jonathan Wakely <jwakely@redhat.com>
* doc/xml/faq.xml: Update links to archived copy of SGI STL docs.
,
2014
- <a class="link" href="http://www.fsf.org/" target="_top">FSF
+ <a class="link" href="https://www.fsf.org" target="_top">FSF
</a>
</p></div><div><div class="legalnotice"><a id="id-1.4.1.2.2"></a><p>
<a class="link" href="manual/license.html" title="License">License
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Frequently Asked Questions</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, runtime, library" /><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The GNU C++ Library" /><link rel="up" href="bk03.html" title="" /><link rel="prev" href="bk03.html" title="" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Frequently Asked Questions</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="bk03.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center"></th><td width="20%" align="right"> </td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="article"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="faq"></a>Frequently Asked Questions</h1></div><div><p class="copyright">Copyright ©
2008-2018
- <a class="link" href="http://www.fsf.org" target="_top">FSF</a>
+ <a class="link" href="https://www.fsf.org" target="_top">FSF</a>
</p></div></div><hr /></div><div class="qandaset"><a id="faq.faq"></a><dl><dt></dt><dd><dl><dt>1.1. <a href="faq.html#faq.what">
What is libstdc++?
</a></dt><dt>1.2. <a href="faq.html#faq.why">
<code class="classname">std::thread</code>.
</p><p>
Libstdc++-v3 incorporates a lot of code from
- <a class="link" href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/" target="_top">the SGI STL</a>
+ <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171225062613/http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/" target="_top">the SGI STL</a>
(the final merge was from
- <a class="link" href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/whats_new.html" target="_top">release 3.3</a>).
+ <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171225062613/http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/whats_new.html" target="_top">release 3.3</a>).
The code in libstdc++ contains many fixes and changes compared to the
original SGI code.
</p><p>
and <a class="link" href="manual/backwards.html" title="Backwards Compatibility">backwards
compatibility</a> documentation.
</p><p>
- The <a class="link" href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/FAQ.html" target="_top">FAQ</a>
+ The <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171225062613/http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/FAQ.html" target="_top">FAQ</a>
for SGI's STL is still recommended reading.
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a id="faq.extensions_and_backwards_compat"></a><a id="q-extensions_and_backwards_compat"></a><p><strong>7.4.</strong></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
Extensions and Backward Compatibility
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>The GNU C++ Library</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /><meta name="description" content="Short Contents Copyright (C) 2008-2018 FSF Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover Texts. This is the top level of the libstdc++ documentation set. The documentation is divided into the following three sections. Manual Frequently Asked Questions API and Source Documentation" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, runtime, library" /><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="The GNU C++ Library" /><link rel="next" href="manual/index.html" title="The GNU C++ Library Manual" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">The GNU C++ Library</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"> </td><th width="60%" align="center"> </th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="manual/index.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="set" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="set-index"></a>The GNU C++ Library</h1></div><div><div class="abstract"><a id="contents"></a><p class="title"><strong>Short Contents</strong></p><p>
Copyright (C) 2008-2018
- <a class="link" href="http://www.fsf.org/" target="_top">FSF
+ <a class="link" href="https://www.fsf.org" target="_top">FSF
</a>
</p><p>
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
Existing tests
</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/test.html#test.exception.safety.containers">
C++11 Requirements Test Sequence Descriptions
-</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html">ABI Policy and Guidelines</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.cxx_interface">The C++ Interface</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.versioning">Versioning</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.versioning.goals">Goals</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.versioning.history">History</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.versioning.prereq">Prerequisites</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.versioning.config">Configuring</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.versioning.active">Checking Active</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.changes_allowed">Allowed Changes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.changes_no">Prohibited Changes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.impl">Implementation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.testing">Testing</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.testing.single">Single ABI Testing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.testing.multi">Multiple ABI Testing</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.issues">Outstanding Issues</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html">API Evolution and Deprecation History</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_300"><code class="constant">3.0</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_310"><code class="constant">3.1</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_320"><code class="constant">3.2</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_330"><code class="constant">3.3</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_340"><code class="constant">3.4</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_400"><code class="constant">4.0</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_410"><code class="constant">4.1</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_420"><code class="constant">4.2</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_430"><code class="constant">4.3</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_440"><code class="constant">4.4</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_450"><code class="constant">4.5</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_460"><code class="constant">4.6</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_470"><code class="constant">4.7</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_480"><code class="constant">4.8</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_490"><code class="constant">4.9</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_5
0"><code class="constant">5</code></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/backwards.html">Backwards Compatibility</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/backwards.html#backwards.first">First</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/backwards.html#backwards.first.ios_base">No <code class="code">ios_base</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/backwards.html#backwards.first.cout_cin">No <code class="code">cout</code> in <code class="filename"><ostream.h></code>, no <code class="code">cin</code> in <code class="filename"><istream.h></code></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/backwards.html#backwards.second">Second</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/backwards.html#backwards.second.std">Namespace <code class="code">std::</code> not supported</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/backwards.html#backwards.second.iterators">Illegal iterator usage</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/backwards.html#backwards.second.isspace"><code class="code">isspace</code> from <code class="filename"><cctype></code> is a macro
+</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html">ABI Policy and Guidelines</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.cxx_interface">The C++ Interface</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.versioning">Versioning</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.versioning.goals">Goals</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.versioning.history">History</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.versioning.prereq">Prerequisites</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.versioning.config">Configuring</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.versioning.active">Checking Active</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.changes_allowed">Allowed Changes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.changes_no">Prohibited Changes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.impl">Implementation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.testing">Testing</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.testing.single">Single ABI Testing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.testing.multi">Multiple ABI Testing</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/abi.html#abi.issues">Outstanding Issues</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html">API Evolution and Deprecation History</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_300"><code class="constant">3.0</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_310"><code class="constant">3.1</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_320"><code class="constant">3.2</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_330"><code class="constant">3.3</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_340"><code class="constant">3.4</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_400"><code class="constant">4.0</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_410"><code class="constant">4.1</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_420"><code class="constant">4.2</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_430"><code class="constant">4.3</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_440"><code class="constant">4.4</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_450"><code class="constant">4.5</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_460"><code class="constant">4.6</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_470"><code class="constant">4.7</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_480"><code class="constant">4.8</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_490"><code class="constant">4.9</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_5
1"><code class="constant">5</code></a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_53"><code class="constant">5.3</code></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_61"><code class="constant">6</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_71"><code class="constant">7</code></a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_73"><code class="constant">7.3</code></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/api.html#api.rel_81"><code class="constant">8</code></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/backwards.html">Backwards Compatibility</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/backwards.html#backwards.first">First</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/backwards.html#backwards.first.ios_base">No <code class="code">ios_base</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/backwards.html#backwards.first.cout_cin">No <code class="code">cout</code> in <code class="filename"><ostream.h></code>, no <code class="code">cin</code> in <code class="filename"><istream.h></code></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/backwards.html#backwards.second">Second</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/backwards.html#backwards.second.std">Namespace <code class="code">std::</code> not supported</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/backwards.html#backwards.second.iterators">Illegal iterator usage</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/backwards.html#backwards.second.isspace"><code class="code">isspace</code> from <code class="filename"><cctype></code> is a macro
</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/backwards.html#backwards.second.at">No <code class="code">vector::at</code>, <code class="code">deque::at</code>, <code class="code">string::at</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/backwards.html#backwards.second.eof">No <code class="code">std::char_traits<char>::eof</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/backwards.html#backwards.second.stringclear">No <code class="code">string::clear</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/backwards.html#backwards.second.ostreamform_istreamscan">
Removal of <code class="code">ostream::form</code> and <code class="code">istream::scan</code>
extensions
file's macro GLIBCXX_CONFIGURE (GLIBCPP_CONFIGURE before GCC 3.4.0).
</p><p>
C++ includes are versioned as follows:
- </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.0.0: include/g++-v3</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.0.1: include/g++-v3</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.0.2: include/g++-v3</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.0.3: include/g++-v3</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.0.4: include/g++-v3</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.1.0: include/g++-v3</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.1.1: include/c++/3.1.1</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.2.0: include/c++/3.2</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.2.1: include/c++/3.2.1</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.2.2: include/c++/3.2.2</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.2.3: include/c++/3.2.3</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.3.0: include/c++/3.3</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.3.1: include/c++/3.3.1</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.3.2: include/c++/3.3.2</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.3.3: include/c++/3.3.3</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.4.x: include/c++/3.4.x</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 4.x.y: include/c++/4.x.y</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 5.x.0: include/c++/5.x.0</p></li></ul></div><p></p></li></ol></div><p>
+ </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.0.0: include/g++-v3</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.0.1: include/g++-v3</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.0.2: include/g++-v3</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.0.3: include/g++-v3</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.0.4: include/g++-v3</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.1.0: include/g++-v3</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.1.1: include/c++/3.1.1</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.2.0: include/c++/3.2</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.2.1: include/c++/3.2.1</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.2.2: include/c++/3.2.2</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.2.3: include/c++/3.2.3</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.3.0: include/c++/3.3</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.3.1: include/c++/3.3.1</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.3.2: include/c++/3.3.2</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.3.3: include/c++/3.3.3</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 3.4.x: include/c++/3.4.x</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 4.x.y: include/c++/4.x.y</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 5.x.0: include/c++/5.x.0</p></li><
li class="listitem"><p>GCC 6.x.0: include/c++/6.x.0</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 7.x.0: include/c++/7.x.0</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>GCC 8.x.0: include/c++/8.x.0</p></li></ul></div><p></p></li></ol></div><p>
Taken together, these techniques can accurately specify interface
and implementation changes in the GNU C++ tools themselves. Used
properly, they allow both the GNU C++ tools implementation, and
</p><p>New --enable-libstdcxx-verbose configure option</p><p>
The --enable-libstdcxx-time configure option becomes unnecessary given a
sufficiently recent glibc.
-</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="api.rel_490"></a><code class="constant">4.9</code></h3></div></div></div><p> Implementation of <code class="classname">regex</code> completed. </p><p> C++14 library and TS implementations are added. </p><p> <code class="function">copy_exception</code> deprecated. </p><p> <code class="classname">__gnu_cxx::array_allocator</code> deprecated. </p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="api.rel_5
0"></a><code class="constant">5</code></h3></div></div></div><p>
+</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="api.rel_490"></a><code class="constant">4.9</code></h3></div></div></div><p> Implementation of <code class="classname">regex</code> completed. </p><p> C++14 library and TS implementations are added. </p><p> <code class="function">copy_exception</code> deprecated. </p><p> <code class="classname">__gnu_cxx::array_allocator</code> deprecated. </p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="api.rel_5
1"></a><code class="constant">5</code></h3></div></div></div><p>
ABI transition adds new implementations of several components, using the
<code class="code">abi_tag</code> attribute and the <code class="code">__cxx11</code> inline
namespace to distinguish the new entities from the old ones.
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
Use of the new or old ABI can be selected per-translation unit with the
- <span class="symbol">_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI</span> macro.
+ <a class="xref" href="using_macros.html" title="Macros">Macros</a>.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
New non-reference-counted <code class="classname">string</code> implementation.
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
New <code class="classname">list</code> implementation containing a new
data member in order to provide O(1) <code class="function">size()</code>.
+ </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
+ New <code class="classname">ios_base::failure</code> implementation inheriting
+ from <code class="classname">system_error</code>.
</p></li></ul></div><p>
C++11 support completed (movable iostreams, new I/O manipulators,
Unicode conversion utilities, atomic operations for
<code class="classname">has_trivial_default_constructor</code>,
<code class="classname">has_trivial_copy_constructor</code> and
<code class="classname">has_trivial_copy_assign</code> deprecated.
+</p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="api.rel_53"></a><code class="constant">5.3</code></h4></div></div></div><p> Experimental implementation of the C++ Filesystem TS added. </p></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="api.rel_61"></a><code class="constant">6</code></h3></div></div></div><p> C++14 support completed. </p><p>
+ Support for mathematical special functions (ISO/IEC 29124:2010) added.
+</p><p>
+ Assertions to check function preconditions can be enabled by defining the
+ <a class="xref" href="using_macros.html" title="Macros">Macros</a>.
+ The initial set of assertions are a subset of the checks enabled by
+ the Debug Mode, but without the ABI changes and changes to algorithmic
+ complexity that are caused by enabling the full Debug Mode.
+</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="api.rel_71"></a><code class="constant">7</code></h3></div></div></div><p>
+ The type of exception thrown by iostreams changed to the <code class="code">cxx11</code>
+ ABI version of <code class="classname">std::ios_base::failure</code>.
+</p><p>
+ Experimental C++17 support added, including most new library features.
+ The meaning of <code class="classname">shared_ptr<T[]></code> changed to
+ match the C++17 semantics.
+</p><p>
+ <a class="xref" href="using_macros.html" title="Macros">Macros</a> added.
+</p><p>
+ <code class="classname">has_trivial_default_constructor</code>,
+ <code class="classname">has_trivial_copy_constructor</code> and
+ <code class="classname">has_trivial_copy_assign</code> removed.
+</p><p> Profile Mode was deprecated. </p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="api.rel_73"></a><code class="constant">7.3</code></h4></div></div></div><p>
+ Including new C++14 or C++17 headers without a suitable <code class="option">-std</code>
+ no longer causes compilation to fail via <code class="literal">#error</code>.
+ Instead the header is simply empty and doesn't define anything.
+</p></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="api.rel_81"></a><code class="constant">8</code></h3></div></div></div><p>
+ The exceptions thrown by iostreams can now be caught by handlers for either
+ version of <code class="classname">std::ios_base::failure</code>.
+</p><p>
+ Experimental implementation of the C++17 Filesystem library added.
+</p><p>
+ AddressSanitizer annotations added to <code class="classname">std::vector</code>
+ to detect out-of-range accesses to the unused capacity of a vector.
+</p><p>
+ <code class="function">std::char_traits<char16_t>::to_int_type(u'\uFFFF')</code>
+ now returns <code class="literal">0xFFFD</code>, as <code class="literal">0xFFFF</code> is
+ used for <code class="function">std::char_traits<char16_t>::eof()</code>.
+</p><p>
+ The extension allowing arithmetic on
+ <code class="classname">std::atomic<void*></code> and types like
+ <code class="classname">std::atomic<R(*)()></code> was deprecated.
+</p><p>
+ The <code class="function">std::uncaught_exception</code> function was deprecated
+ for C++17 mode.
+</p><p>
+ The nested typedefs <span class="type">std::hash::result_type</span> and
+ <span class="type">std::hash::argument_type</span> were deprecated for C++17 mode.
+</p><p>
+ The deprecated iostream members <span class="type">ios_base::io_state</span>,
+ <span class="type">ios_base::open_mode</span>, <span class="type">ios_base::seek_dir</span>, and
+ <code class="function">basic_streambuf::stossc</code> were removed for C++17 mode.
+</p><p>
+ The non-standard C++0x <code class="function">std::copy_exception</code> function
+ was removed.
+</p><p>
+ For <code class="option">-std=c++11</code>, <code class="option">-std=c++14</code>, and
+ <code class="option">-std=c++17</code> modes the <code class="filename"><complex.h></code>
+ header no longer includes the C99 <code class="filename"><complex.h></code>
+ header.
+</p><p>
+ For the non-default <code class="option">--enable-symvers=gnu-versioned-namespace</code>
+ configuration, the shared library SONAME has been changed to
+ <code class="filename">libstdc++.so.8</code>.
</p></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="abi.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="appendix_porting.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="backwards.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">ABI Policy and Guidelines </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Backwards Compatibility</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
Existing tests
</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="test.html#test.exception.safety.containers">
C++11 Requirements Test Sequence Descriptions
-</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html">ABI Policy and Guidelines</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.cxx_interface">The C++ Interface</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning">Versioning</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.goals">Goals</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.history">History</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.prereq">Prerequisites</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.config">Configuring</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.active">Checking Active</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.changes_allowed">Allowed Changes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.changes_no">Prohibited Changes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.impl">Implementation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.testing">Testing</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.testing.single">Single ABI Testing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.testing.multi">Multiple ABI Testing</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.issues">Outstanding Issues</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html">API Evolution and Deprecation History</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_300"><code class="constant">3.0</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_310"><code class="constant">3.1</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_320"><code class="constant">3.2</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_330"><code class="constant">3.3</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_340"><code class="constant">3.4</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_400"><code class="constant">4.0</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_410"><code class="constant">4.1</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_420"><code class="constant">4.2</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_430"><code class="constant">4.3</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_440"><code class="constant">4.4</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_450"><code class="constant">4.5</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_460"><code class="constant">4.6</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_470"><code class="constant">4.7</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_480"><code class="constant">4.8</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_490"><code class="constant">4.9</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_5
0"><code class="constant">5</code></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html">Backwards Compatibility</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.first">First</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.first.ios_base">No <code class="code">ios_base</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.first.cout_cin">No <code class="code">cout</code> in <code class="filename"><ostream.h></code>, no <code class="code">cin</code> in <code class="filename"><istream.h></code></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second">Second</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.std">Namespace <code class="code">std::</code> not supported</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.iterators">Illegal iterator usage</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.isspace"><code class="code">isspace</code> from <code class="filename"><cctype></code> is a macro
+</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html">ABI Policy and Guidelines</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.cxx_interface">The C++ Interface</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning">Versioning</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.goals">Goals</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.history">History</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.prereq">Prerequisites</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.config">Configuring</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.active">Checking Active</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.changes_allowed">Allowed Changes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.changes_no">Prohibited Changes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.impl">Implementation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.testing">Testing</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.testing.single">Single ABI Testing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.testing.multi">Multiple ABI Testing</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.issues">Outstanding Issues</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html">API Evolution and Deprecation History</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_300"><code class="constant">3.0</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_310"><code class="constant">3.1</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_320"><code class="constant">3.2</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_330"><code class="constant">3.3</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_340"><code class="constant">3.4</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_400"><code class="constant">4.0</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_410"><code class="constant">4.1</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_420"><code class="constant">4.2</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_430"><code class="constant">4.3</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_440"><code class="constant">4.4</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_450"><code class="constant">4.5</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_460"><code class="constant">4.6</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_470"><code class="constant">4.7</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_480"><code class="constant">4.8</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_490"><code class="constant">4.9</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_5
1"><code class="constant">5</code></a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_53"><code class="constant">5.3</code></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_61"><code class="constant">6</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_71"><code class="constant">7</code></a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_73"><code class="constant">7.3</code></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_81"><code class="constant">8</code></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html">Backwards Compatibility</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.first">First</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.first.ios_base">No <code class="code">ios_base</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.first.cout_cin">No <code class="code">cout</code> in <code class="filename"><ostream.h></code>, no <code class="code">cin</code> in <code class="filename"><istream.h></code></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second">Second</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.std">Namespace <code class="code">std::</code> not supported</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.iterators">Illegal iterator usage</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.isspace"><code class="code">isspace</code> from <code class="filename"><cctype></code> is a macro
</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.at">No <code class="code">vector::at</code>, <code class="code">deque::at</code>, <code class="code">string::at</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.eof">No <code class="code">std::char_traits<char>::eof</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.stringclear">No <code class="code">string::clear</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.ostreamform_istreamscan">
Removal of <code class="code">ostream::form</code> and <code class="code">istream::scan</code>
extensions
check the distribution terms of a manual before you buy it, and
prefer copylefted manuals to non-copylefted ones.
</p><p>
-[Note: We now maintain a <a class="link" href="http://www.fsf.org/licensing/doc/other-free-books.html" target="_top">web page
+[Note: We now maintain a <a class="link" href="https://www.fsf.org/licensing/doc/other-free-books.html" target="_top">web page
that lists free books available from other publishers</a>].
</p><p>Copyright © 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA</p><p>Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article are
permitted worldwide, without royalty, in any medium, provided this
Existing tests
</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="test.html#test.exception.safety.containers">
C++11 Requirements Test Sequence Descriptions
-</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html">ABI Policy and Guidelines</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.cxx_interface">The C++ Interface</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning">Versioning</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.goals">Goals</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.history">History</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.prereq">Prerequisites</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.config">Configuring</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.active">Checking Active</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.changes_allowed">Allowed Changes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.changes_no">Prohibited Changes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.impl">Implementation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.testing">Testing</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.testing.single">Single ABI Testing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.testing.multi">Multiple ABI Testing</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.issues">Outstanding Issues</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html">API Evolution and Deprecation History</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_300"><code class="constant">3.0</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_310"><code class="constant">3.1</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_320"><code class="constant">3.2</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_330"><code class="constant">3.3</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_340"><code class="constant">3.4</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_400"><code class="constant">4.0</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_410"><code class="constant">4.1</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_420"><code class="constant">4.2</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_430"><code class="constant">4.3</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_440"><code class="constant">4.4</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_450"><code class="constant">4.5</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_460"><code class="constant">4.6</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_470"><code class="constant">4.7</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_480"><code class="constant">4.8</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_490"><code class="constant">4.9</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_5
0"><code class="constant">5</code></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html">Backwards Compatibility</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.first">First</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.first.ios_base">No <code class="code">ios_base</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.first.cout_cin">No <code class="code">cout</code> in <code class="filename"><ostream.h></code>, no <code class="code">cin</code> in <code class="filename"><istream.h></code></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second">Second</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.std">Namespace <code class="code">std::</code> not supported</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.iterators">Illegal iterator usage</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.isspace"><code class="code">isspace</code> from <code class="filename"><cctype></code> is a macro
+</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html">ABI Policy and Guidelines</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.cxx_interface">The C++ Interface</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning">Versioning</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.goals">Goals</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.history">History</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.prereq">Prerequisites</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.config">Configuring</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.active">Checking Active</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.changes_allowed">Allowed Changes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.changes_no">Prohibited Changes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.impl">Implementation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.testing">Testing</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.testing.single">Single ABI Testing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.testing.multi">Multiple ABI Testing</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.issues">Outstanding Issues</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html">API Evolution and Deprecation History</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_300"><code class="constant">3.0</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_310"><code class="constant">3.1</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_320"><code class="constant">3.2</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_330"><code class="constant">3.3</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_340"><code class="constant">3.4</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_400"><code class="constant">4.0</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_410"><code class="constant">4.1</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_420"><code class="constant">4.2</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_430"><code class="constant">4.3</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_440"><code class="constant">4.4</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_450"><code class="constant">4.5</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_460"><code class="constant">4.6</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_470"><code class="constant">4.7</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_480"><code class="constant">4.8</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_490"><code class="constant">4.9</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_5
1"><code class="constant">5</code></a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_53"><code class="constant">5.3</code></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_61"><code class="constant">6</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_71"><code class="constant">7</code></a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_73"><code class="constant">7.3</code></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_81"><code class="constant">8</code></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html">Backwards Compatibility</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.first">First</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.first.ios_base">No <code class="code">ios_base</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.first.cout_cin">No <code class="code">cout</code> in <code class="filename"><ostream.h></code>, no <code class="code">cin</code> in <code class="filename"><istream.h></code></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second">Second</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.std">Namespace <code class="code">std::</code> not supported</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.iterators">Illegal iterator usage</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.isspace"><code class="code">isspace</code> from <code class="filename"><cctype></code> is a macro
</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.at">No <code class="code">vector::at</code>, <code class="code">deque::at</code>, <code class="code">string::at</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.eof">No <code class="code">std::char_traits<char>::eof</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.stringclear">No <code class="code">string::clear</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.ostreamform_istreamscan">
Removal of <code class="code">ostream::form</code> and <code class="code">istream::scan</code>
extensions
against the gthr.h abstraction layer which is provided by gcc. A
minor problem that pops up every so often is different
interpretations of what "thread-safe" means for a
- library (not a general program). We currently use the <a class="link" href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/thread_safety.html" target="_top">same
+ library (not a general program). We currently use the <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171225062613/http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/thread_safety.html" target="_top">same
definition that SGI</a> uses for their STL subset. However,
the exception for read-only containers only applies to the STL
components. This definition is widely-used and something similar
</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="section"><a href="containers.html#std.containers.sequences">Sequences</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="containers.html#containers.sequences.list">list</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="containers.html#sequences.list.size">list::size() is O(n)</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="associative.html">Associative</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="associative.html#containers.associative.insert_hints">Insertion Hints</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="associative.html#containers.associative.bitset">bitset</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="associative.html#associative.bitset.size_variable">Size Variable</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="associative.html#associative.bitset.type_string">Type String</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="unordered_associative.html">Unordered Associative</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="unordered_associative.html#containers.unordered.insert_hints">Insertion Hints</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="unordered_associative.html#containers.unordered.hash">Hash Code</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="unordered_associative.html#containers.unordered.cache">Hash Code Caching Policy</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="containers_and_c.html">Interacting with C</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="containers_and_c.html#containers.c.vs_array">Containers vs. Arrays</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="std.containers.sequences"></a>Sequences</h2></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="containers.sequences.list"></a>list</h3></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="sequences.list.size"></a>list::size() is O(n)</h4></div></div></div><p>
Yes it is, at least using the <a class="xref" href="using_dual_abi.html" title="Dual ABI">Dual ABI</a>, and that's okay. This is a decision that we preserved
when we imported SGI's STL implementation. The following is
- quoted from <a class="link" href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/FAQ.html" target="_top">their FAQ</a>:
+ quoted from <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171225062613/http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/FAQ.html" target="_top">their FAQ</a>:
</p><div class="blockquote"><blockquote class="blockquote"><p>
The size() member function, for list and slist, takes time
proportional to the number of elements in the list. This was a
Hewlett-Packard STL. Though it inspired much work in this area, it
has not been kept up-to-date for use with modern compilers or C++
standard library implementations.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a class="link" href="http://www.stlport.org/" target="_top">STLport</a>: STLport is a free
- implementation of the C++ standard library derived from the <a class="link" href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/" target="_top">SGI implementation</a>, and
+ implementation of the C++ standard library derived from the <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171225062613/http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/" target="_top">SGI implementation</a>, and
ported to many other platforms. It includes a debug mode that uses a
wrapper model (that in some ways inspired the libstdc++ debug mode
design), although at the time of this writing the debug mode is
</set><br />
</p></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="docbook.markup"></a>Markup By Example</h4></div></div></div><p>
Complete details on Docbook markup can be found in the
- <a class="link" href="http://tdg.docbook.org/tdg/5.0/ref-elements.html" target="_top">DocBook Element Reference</a>.
+ <a class="link" href="https://tdg.docbook.org/tdg/5.0/ref-elements.html" target="_top">DocBook Element Reference</a>.
An incomplete reference for HTML to Docbook conversion is
detailed in the table below.
</p><div class="table"><a id="table.docbook_cmp"></a><p class="title"><strong>Table B.4. HTML to Docbook XML Markup Comparison</strong></p><div class="table-contents"><table class="table" summary="HTML to Docbook XML Markup Comparison" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left" class="c1" /><col align="left" class="c2" /></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">HTML</th><th align="left">Docbook</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><p></td><td align="left"><para></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><pre></td><td align="left"><computeroutput>, <programlisting>,
The operation functor must be associative.
</p><p>The <code class="code">iota</code> function wins the award for Extension With the
Coolest Name (the name comes from Ken Iverson's APL language.) As
- described in the <a class="link" href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/iota.html" target="_top">SGI
+ described in the <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171225062613/http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/iota.html" target="_top">SGI
documentation</a>, it "assigns sequentially increasing values to a range.
That is, it assigns <code class="code">value</code> to <code class="code">*first</code>,
<code class="code">value + 1</code> to<code class="code"> *(first + 1)</code> and so on."
and sets.
</p><p>Each of the associative containers map, multimap, set, and multiset
have a counterpart which uses a
- <a class="link" href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/HashFunction.html" target="_top">hashing
+ <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171225062613/http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/HashFunction.html" target="_top">hashing
function</a> to do the arranging, instead of a strict weak ordering
function. The classes take as one of their template parameters a
function object that will return the hash value; by default, an
instantiation of
- <a class="link" href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/hash.html" target="_top">hash</a>.
+ <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171225062613/http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/hash.html" target="_top">hash</a>.
You should specialize this functor for your class, or define your own,
before trying to use one of the hashing classes.
</p><p>The hashing classes support all the usual associative container
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>The GNU C++ Library Manual</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, runtime, library" /><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The GNU C++ Library" /><link rel="up" href="../index.html" title="The GNU C++ Library" /><link rel="prev" href="../index.html" title="The GNU C++ Library" /><link rel="next" href="intro.html" title="Part I. Introduction" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">The GNU C++ Library Manual</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="../index.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center"> </th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="intro.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="book"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="manual"></a>The GNU C++ Library Manual</h1></div><div><div class="authorgroup"><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname"></span> <span class="surname"></span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Paolo</span> <span class="surname">Carlini</span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Phil</span> <span class="surname">Edwards</span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Doug</span> <span class="surname">Gregor</span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Benjamin</span> <span class="surname">Kosnik</span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Dhruv</span> <span class="surname">Matani</span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jason</span> <span class="surname">Merrill</span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Mark</span> <span class="surname">Mitchell</span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Nathan</span> <span class="surname">Myers</span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Felix</span> <span class="surname">Natter</span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Stefan</span> <span class="surname">Olsson</span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Silvius</span> <span class="surname">Rus</span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Johannes</span> <span class="surname">Singler</span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Ami</span> <span class="surname">Tavory</span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jonathan</span> <span class="surname">Wakely</span></h3></div></div></div><div><p class="copyright">Copyright © 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017
- <a class="link" href="http://www.fsf.org" target="_top">FSF</a>
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>The GNU C++ Library Manual</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, runtime, library" /><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The GNU C++ Library" /><link rel="up" href="../index.html" title="The GNU C++ Library" /><link rel="prev" href="../index.html" title="The GNU C++ Library" /><link rel="next" href="intro.html" title="Part I. Introduction" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">The GNU C++ Library Manual</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="../index.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center"> </th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="intro.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="book"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="manual"></a>The GNU C++ Library Manual</h1></div><div><div class="authorgroup"><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname"></span> <span class="surname"></span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Paolo</span> <span class="surname">Carlini</span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Phil</span> <span class="surname">Edwards</span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Doug</span> <span class="surname">Gregor</span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Benjamin</span> <span class="surname">Kosnik</span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Dhruv</span> <span class="surname">Matani</span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jason</span> <span class="surname">Merrill</span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Mark</span> <span class="surname">Mitchell</span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Nathan</span> <span class="surname">Myers</span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Felix</span> <span class="surname">Natter</span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Stefan</span> <span class="surname">Olsson</span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Silvius</span> <span class="surname">Rus</span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Johannes</span> <span class="surname">Singler</span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Ami</span> <span class="surname">Tavory</span></h3></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jonathan</span> <span class="surname">Wakely</span></h3></div></div></div><div><p class="copyright">Copyright © 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018
+ <a class="link" href="https://www.fsf.org" target="_top">FSF</a>
</p></div></div><hr /></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="part"><a href="intro.html">I.
Introduction
Existing tests
</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="test.html#test.exception.safety.containers">
C++11 Requirements Test Sequence Descriptions
-</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html">ABI Policy and Guidelines</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.cxx_interface">The C++ Interface</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning">Versioning</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.goals">Goals</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.history">History</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.prereq">Prerequisites</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.config">Configuring</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.active">Checking Active</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.changes_allowed">Allowed Changes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.changes_no">Prohibited Changes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.impl">Implementation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.testing">Testing</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.testing.single">Single ABI Testing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.testing.multi">Multiple ABI Testing</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.issues">Outstanding Issues</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html">API Evolution and Deprecation History</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_300"><code class="constant">3.0</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_310"><code class="constant">3.1</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_320"><code class="constant">3.2</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_330"><code class="constant">3.3</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_340"><code class="constant">3.4</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_400"><code class="constant">4.0</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_410"><code class="constant">4.1</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_420"><code class="constant">4.2</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_430"><code class="constant">4.3</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_440"><code class="constant">4.4</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_450"><code class="constant">4.5</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_460"><code class="constant">4.6</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_470"><code class="constant">4.7</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_480"><code class="constant">4.8</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_490"><code class="constant">4.9</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_5
0"><code class="constant">5</code></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html">Backwards Compatibility</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.first">First</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.first.ios_base">No <code class="code">ios_base</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.first.cout_cin">No <code class="code">cout</code> in <code class="filename"><ostream.h></code>, no <code class="code">cin</code> in <code class="filename"><istream.h></code></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second">Second</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.std">Namespace <code class="code">std::</code> not supported</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.iterators">Illegal iterator usage</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.isspace"><code class="code">isspace</code> from <code class="filename"><cctype></code> is a macro
+</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html">ABI Policy and Guidelines</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.cxx_interface">The C++ Interface</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning">Versioning</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.goals">Goals</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.history">History</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.prereq">Prerequisites</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.config">Configuring</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.versioning.active">Checking Active</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.changes_allowed">Allowed Changes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.changes_no">Prohibited Changes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.impl">Implementation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.testing">Testing</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.testing.single">Single ABI Testing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.testing.multi">Multiple ABI Testing</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="abi.html#abi.issues">Outstanding Issues</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html">API Evolution and Deprecation History</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_300"><code class="constant">3.0</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_310"><code class="constant">3.1</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_320"><code class="constant">3.2</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_330"><code class="constant">3.3</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_340"><code class="constant">3.4</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_400"><code class="constant">4.0</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_410"><code class="constant">4.1</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_420"><code class="constant">4.2</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_430"><code class="constant">4.3</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_440"><code class="constant">4.4</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_450"><code class="constant">4.5</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_460"><code class="constant">4.6</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_470"><code class="constant">4.7</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_480"><code class="constant">4.8</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_490"><code class="constant">4.9</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_5
1"><code class="constant">5</code></a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_53"><code class="constant">5.3</code></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_61"><code class="constant">6</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_71"><code class="constant">7</code></a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_73"><code class="constant">7.3</code></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="api.html#api.rel_81"><code class="constant">8</code></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html">Backwards Compatibility</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.first">First</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.first.ios_base">No <code class="code">ios_base</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.first.cout_cin">No <code class="code">cout</code> in <code class="filename"><ostream.h></code>, no <code class="code">cin</code> in <code class="filename"><istream.h></code></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second">Second</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.std">Namespace <code class="code">std::</code> not supported</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.iterators">Illegal iterator usage</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.isspace"><code class="code">isspace</code> from <code class="filename"><cctype></code> is a macro
</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.at">No <code class="code">vector::at</code>, <code class="code">deque::at</code>, <code class="code">string::at</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.eof">No <code class="code">std::char_traits<char>::eof</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.stringclear">No <code class="code">string::clear</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="backwards.html#backwards.second.ostreamform_istreamscan">
Removal of <code class="code">ostream::form</code> and <code class="code">istream::scan</code>
extensions
<br />
Version 3.1, 31 March 2009<br />
<br />
-Copyright (C) 2009 <a class="link" href="http://www.fsf.org" target="_top">Free Software Foundation, Inc.</a><br />
+Copyright (C) 2009 <a class="link" href="https://www.fsf.org" target="_top">Free Software Foundation, Inc.</a><br />
<br />
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this<br />
license document, but changing it is not allowed.<br />
</span>. </span><span class="publisher"><span class="publishername">
In Workshop on ML
. </span></span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="biblio.sgi_stl"></a><p>[biblio.sgi_stl] <span class="title"><em>
- <a class="link" href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/" target="_top">
+ <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171225062613/http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/" target="_top">
Standard Template Library Programmer's Guide
</a>
</em>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">
</p><pre class="programlisting">
char toLower (char c)
{
- return std::tolower(c);
+ // std::tolower(c) is undefined if c < 0 so cast to unsigned char.
+ return std::tolower((unsigned char)c);
} </pre><p>(Thanks to James Kanze for assistance and suggestions on all of this.)
</p><p>Another common operation is trimming off excess whitespace. Much
like transformations, this task is trivial with the use of string's
Tests that need to perform runtime checks should use the
<code class="literal">VERIFY</code> macro, defined in the
<code class="filename"><testsuite_hooks.h></code> header.
- This usually expands to the standard <code class="literal">assert</code> macro, but
- allows targets to define it to something different. In order to support
- the alternative expansions of <code class="literal">VERIFY</code>, before any
- use of the macro there must be a variable called <code class="varname">test</code>
- in scope, which is usually defined like so (the attribute avoids
+ This expands to a custom assertion using
+ <code class="function">__builtin_printf</code> and
+ <code class="function">__builtin_abort</code>
+ (to avoid using <code class="literal">assert</code> and being affected by
+ <code class="literal">NDEBUG</code>).
+ </p><p>
+ Prior to GCC 7.1, <code class="literal">VERIFY</code> was defined differently.
+ It usually expanded to the standard <code class="literal">assert</code> macro, but
+ allowed targets to define it to something different. In order to support
+ the alternative expansions of <code class="literal">VERIFY</code>, before any use
+ of the macro there needed to be a variable called <code class="varname">test</code>
+ in scope, which was usually defined like so (the attribute avoids
warnings about an unused variable):
</p><pre class="programlisting">
bool test __attribute__((unused)) = true;
</pre><p>
+ This is no longer needed, and should not be added to new tests.
</p><p>
The testsuite uses the DejaGnu framework to compile and run the tests.
Test cases are normal C++ files which contain special directives in
races are caused by the library itself or by programs which use the
library correctly (as described below).
The C++11 memory model and library requirements are a more formal version
-of the <a class="link" href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/thread_safety.html" target="_top">SGI STL</a> definition of thread safety, which the library used
+of the <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171225062613/http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/thread_safety.html" target="_top">SGI STL</a> definition of thread safety, which the library used
prior to the 2011 standard.
</p><p>The library strives to be thread-safe when all of the following
conditions are met:
threaded and non-threaded code), see Chapter 17.
</p><p>Two excellent pages to read when working with the Standard C++
containers and threads are
- <a class="link" href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/thread_safety.html" target="_top">SGI's
- http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/thread_safety.html</a> and
- <a class="link" href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Allocators.html" target="_top">SGI's
- http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Allocators.html</a>.
+ <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171225062613/http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/thread_safety.html" target="_top">SGI's
+ https://web.archive.org/web/20171225062613/http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/thread_safety.html</a> and
+ <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171225062613/http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Allocators.html" target="_top">SGI's
+ https://web.archive.org/web/20171225062613/http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Allocators.html</a>.
</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>However, please ignore all discussions about the user-level
configuration of the lock implementation inside the STL
container-memory allocator on those pages. For the sake of this
get slightly the wrong idea. In the interest of not reinventing
the wheel, we will refer you to the introduction to the functor
concept written by SGI as part of their STL, in
- <a class="link" href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/functors.html" target="_top">their
- http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/functors.html</a>.
+ <a class="link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171225062613/http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/functors.html" target="_top">their
+ https://web.archive.org/web/20171225062613/http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/functors.html</a>.
</p></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="concept_checking.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="std_contents.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="pairs.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Concept Checking </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Pairs</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
<listitem><para>GCC 3.4.x: include/c++/3.4.x</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>GCC 4.x.y: include/c++/4.x.y</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>GCC 5.x.0: include/c++/5.x.0</para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>GCC 6.x.0: include/c++/6.x.0</para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>GCC 7.x.0: include/c++/7.x.0</para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>GCC 8.x.0: include/c++/8.x.0</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para/>
</listitem>
</section>
-<section xml:id="api.rel_50"><info><title><constant>5</constant></title></info>
+<section xml:id="api.rel_51"><info><title><constant>5</constant></title></info>
<para>
ABI transition adds new implementations of several components, using the
<listitem>
<para>
Use of the new or old ABI can be selected per-translation unit with the
- <symbol>_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI</symbol> macro.
+ <xref linkend="manual.intro.using.macros"><symbol>_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI</symbol>
+ macro</xref>.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
data member in order to provide O(1) <function>size()</function>.
</para>
</listitem>
+<listitem>
+ <para>
+ New <classname>ios_base::failure</classname> implementation inheriting
+ from <classname>system_error</classname>.
+ </para>
+</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>
<classname>has_trivial_copy_assign</classname> deprecated.
</para>
+<section xml:id="api.rel_53"><info><title><constant>5.3</constant></title></info>
+<para> Experimental implementation of the C++ Filesystem TS added. </para>
+
+</section>
+
+</section>
+
+<section xml:id="api.rel_61"><info><title><constant>6</constant></title></info>
+
+<para> C++14 support completed. </para>
+
+<para>
+ Support for mathematical special functions (ISO/IEC 29124:2010) added.
+</para>
+
+<para>
+ Assertions to check function preconditions can be enabled by defining the
+ <xref linkend="manual.intro.using.macros"><symbol>_GLIBCXX_ASSERTIONS</symbol>
+ macro</xref>.
+ The initial set of assertions are a subset of the checks enabled by
+ the Debug Mode, but without the ABI changes and changes to algorithmic
+ complexity that are caused by enabling the full Debug Mode.
+</para>
+
+</section>
+
+<section xml:id="api.rel_71"><info><title><constant>7</constant></title></info>
+
+<para>
+ The type of exception thrown by iostreams changed to the <code>cxx11</code>
+ ABI version of <classname>std::ios_base::failure</classname>.
+</para>
+
+<para>
+ Experimental C++17 support added, including most new library features.
+ The meaning of <classname>shared_ptr<T[]></classname> changed to
+ match the C++17 semantics.
+</para>
+
+<para>
+ <xref linkend="manual.intro.using.macros"><symbol>_GLIBCXX_RELEASE</symbol>
+ macro</xref> added.
+</para>
+
+<para>
+ <classname>has_trivial_default_constructor</classname>,
+ <classname>has_trivial_copy_constructor</classname> and
+ <classname>has_trivial_copy_assign</classname> removed.
+</para>
+
+<para> Profile Mode was deprecated. </para>
+
+<section xml:id="api.rel_73"><info><title><constant>7.3</constant></title></info>
+
+<para>
+ Including new C++14 or C++17 headers without a suitable <option>-std</option>
+ no longer causes compilation to fail via <literal>#error</literal>.
+ Instead the header is simply empty and doesn't define anything.
+</para>
+
</section>
+
+</section>
+
+<section xml:id="api.rel_81"><info><title><constant>8</constant></title></info>
+
+<para>
+ The exceptions thrown by iostreams can now be caught by handlers for either
+ version of <classname>std::ios_base::failure</classname>.
+</para>
+
+<para>
+ Experimental implementation of the C++17 Filesystem library added.
+</para>
+
+<para>
+ AddressSanitizer annotations added to <classname>std::vector</classname>
+ to detect out-of-range accesses to the unused capacity of a vector.
+</para>
+
+<para>
+ <function>std::char_traits<char16_t>::to_int_type(u'\uFFFF')</function>
+ now returns <literal>0xFFFD</literal>, as <literal>0xFFFF</literal> is
+ used for <function>std::char_traits<char16_t>::eof()</function>.
+</para>
+
+<para>
+ The extension allowing arithmetic on
+ <classname>std::atomic<void*></classname> and types like
+ <classname>std::atomic<R(*)()></classname> was deprecated.
+</para>
+
+<para>
+ The <function>std::uncaught_exception</function> function was deprecated
+ for C++17 mode.
+</para>
+
+<para>
+ The nested typedefs <type>std::hash::result_type</type> and
+ <type>std::hash::argument_type</type> were deprecated for C++17 mode.
+</para>
+
+<para>
+ The deprecated iostream members <type>ios_base::io_state</type>,
+ <type>ios_base::open_mode</type>, <type>ios_base::seek_dir</type>, and
+ <function>basic_streambuf::stossc</function> were removed for C++17 mode.
+</para>
+
+<para>
+ The non-standard C++0x <function>std::copy_exception</function> function
+ was removed.
+</para>
+
+<para>
+ For <option>-std=c++11</option>, <option>-std=c++14</option>, and
+ <option>-std=c++17</option> modes the <filename><complex.h></filename>
+ header no longer includes the C99 <filename><complex.h></filename>
+ header.
+</para>
+
+<para>
+ For the non-default <option>--enable-symvers=gnu-versioned-namespace</option>
+ configuration, the shared library SONAME has been changed to
+ <filename>libstdc++.so.8</filename>.
+</para>
+
+</section>
+
</section>
<year>2015</year>
<year>2016</year>
<year>2017</year>
+ <year>2018</year>
<holder>
<link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="https://www.fsf.org">FSF</link>
</holder>
<programlisting>
char toLower (char c)
{
- return std::tolower(c);
+ // std::tolower(c) is undefined if c < 0 so cast to unsigned char.
+ return std::tolower((unsigned char)c);
} </programlisting>
<para>(Thanks to James Kanze for assistance and suggestions on all of this.)
</para>
Tests that need to perform runtime checks should use the
<literal>VERIFY</literal> macro, defined in the
<filename class="headerfile"><testsuite_hooks.h></filename> header.
- This usually expands to the standard <literal>assert</literal> macro, but
- allows targets to define it to something different. In order to support
- the alternative expansions of <literal>VERIFY</literal>, before any
- use of the macro there must be a variable called <varname>test</varname>
- in scope, which is usually defined like so (the attribute avoids
+ This expands to a custom assertion using
+ <function>__builtin_printf</function> and
+ <function>__builtin_abort</function>
+ (to avoid using <literal>assert</literal> and being affected by
+ <literal>NDEBUG</literal>).
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ Prior to GCC 7.1, <literal>VERIFY</literal> was defined differently.
+ It usually expanded to the standard <literal>assert</literal> macro, but
+ allowed targets to define it to something different. In order to support
+ the alternative expansions of <literal>VERIFY</literal>, before any use
+ of the macro there needed to be a variable called <varname>test</varname>
+ in scope, which was usually defined like so (the attribute avoids
warnings about an unused variable):
<programlisting>
bool test __attribute__((unused)) = true;
</programlisting>
+ This is no longer needed, and should not be added to new tests.
</para>
<para>
projects / gcc.git / commitdiff