strash; dretime; if
for -sop:
- strash; dretime; cover -I {I} -P {P}
+ strash; dretime; cover {I} {P}
otherwise:
strash; dretime; map
specified).
-dff
- also pass $_ABC9_FF_ cells through to ABC. modules with many clock
- domains are marked as such and automatically partitioned by ABC.
+ also pass $_DFF_[NP]_ cells through to ABC. modules with many clock
+ domains are supported and automatically partitioned by ABC.
-nocleanup
when this option is used, the temporary files created by this pass
[1] http://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/~alanmi/abc/
+ check:
+ abc9_ops -check [-dff] (option if -dff)
+
+ map:
+ abc9_ops -prep_hier [-dff] (option if -dff)
+ scc -specify -set_attr abc9_scc_id {}
+ abc9_ops -prep_bypass [-prep_dff] (option if -dff)
+ design -stash $abc9
+ design -load $abc9_map
+ proc
+ wbflip
+ techmap -wb -map %$abc9 -map +/techmap.v A:abc9_flop
+ opt -nodffe -nosdff
+ abc9_ops -prep_dff_submod (only if -dff)
+ setattr -set submod "$abc9_flop" t:$_DFF_?_ %ci* %co* t:$_DFF_?_ %d (only if -dff)
+ submod (only if -dff)
+ setattr -mod -set whitebox 1 -set abc9_flop 1 -set abc9_box 1 *_$abc9_flop (only if -dff)
+ foreach module in design
+ rename <module-name>_$abc9_flop _TECHMAP_REPLACE_ (only if -dff)
+ abc9_ops -prep_dff_unmap (only if -dff)
+ design -copy-to $abc9 =*_$abc9_flop (only if -dff)
+ delete =*_$abc9_flop (only if -dff)
+ design -stash $abc9_map
+ design -load $abc9
+ design -delete $abc9
+ techmap -wb -max_iter 1 -map %$abc9_map -map +/abc9_map.v [-D DFF] (option if -dff)
+ design -delete $abc9_map
+
pre:
- abc9_ops -check
- scc -set_attr abc9_scc_id {}
- abc9_ops -mark_scc -prep_delays -prep_xaiger [-dff] (option for -dff)
+ read_verilog -icells -lib -specify +/abc9_model.v
+ abc9_ops -break_scc -prep_delays -prep_xaiger [-dff] (option for -dff)
abc9_ops -prep_lut <maxlut> (skip if -lut or -luts)
- abc9_ops -prep_box [-dff] (skip if -box)
- select -set abc9_holes A:abc9_holes
- flatten -wb @abc9_holes
- techmap @abc9_holes
- abc9_ops -prep_dff (only if -dff)
- opt -purge @abc9_holes
+ abc9_ops -prep_box (skip if -box)
+ design -stash $abc9
+ design -load $abc9_holes
+ techmap -wb -map %$abc9 -map +/techmap.v
+ opt -purge
aigmap
- wbflip @abc9_holes
+ design -stash $abc9_holes
+ design -load $abc9
+ design -delete $abc9
- map:
+ exe:
+ aigmap
foreach module in selection
abc9_ops -write_lut <abc-temp-dir>/input.lut (skip if '-lut' or '-luts')
- abc9_ops -write_box <abc-temp-dir>/input.box
- write_xaiger -map <abc-temp-dir>/input.sym <abc-temp-dir>/input.xaig
- abc9_exe [options] -cwd <abc-temp-dir> [-lut <abc-temp-dir>/input.lut] -box <abc-temp-dir>/input.box
+ abc9_ops -write_box <abc-temp-dir>/input.box (skip if '-box')
+ write_xaiger -map <abc-temp-dir>/input.sym
[-dff] <abc-temp-dir>/input.xaig
+ abc9_exe [options] -cwd <abc-temp-dir> -lut [<abc-temp-dir>/input.lut] -box [<abc-temp-dir>/input.box]
read_aiger -xaiger -wideports -module_name <module-name>$abc9 -map <abc-temp-dir>/input.sym <abc-temp-dir>/output.aig
- abc9_ops -reintegrate
+ abc9_ops -reintegrate [-dff]
+
+ unmap:
+ techmap -wb -map %$abc9_unmap -map +/abc9_unmap.v
+ design -delete $abc9_unmap
+ design -delete $abc9_holes
+ delete =*_$abc9_byp
+ setattr -mod -unset abc9_box_id
\end{lstlisting}
\section{abc9\_exe -- use ABC9 for technology mapping}
check that the design is valid, e.g. (* abc9_box_id *) values are unique,
(* abc9_carry *) is only given for one input/output port, etc.
+ -prep_hier
+ derive all used (* abc9_box *) or (* abc9_flop *) (if -dff option)
+ whitebox modules. with (* abc9_flop *) modules, only those containing
+ $dff/$_DFF_[NP]_ cells with zero initial state -- due to an ABC limitation
+ -- will be derived.
+
+ -prep_bypass
+ create techmap rules in the '$abc9_map' and '$abc9_unmap' designs for
+ bypassing sequential (* abc9_box *) modules using a combinatorial box
+ (named *_$abc9_byp). bypassing is necessary if sequential elements (e.g.
+ $dff, $mem, etc.) are discovered inside so that any combinatorial paths
+ will be correctly captured. this bypass box will only contain ports that
+ are referenced by a simple path declaration ($specify2 cell) inside a
+ specify block.
+
+ -prep_dff
+ select all (* abc9_flop *) modules instantiated in the design and store
+ in the named selection '$abc9_flops'.
+
+ -prep_dff_submod
+ within (* abc9_flop *) modules, rewrite all edge-sensitive path
+ declarations and $setup() timing checks ($specify3 and $specrule cells)
+ that share a 'DST' port with the $_DFF_[NP]_.Q port from this 'Q' port to
+ the DFF's 'D' port. this is to prepare such specify cells to be moved
+ into the flop box.
+
+ -prep_dff_unmap
+ populate the '$abc9_unmap' design with techmap rules for mapping *_$abc9_flop
+ cells back into their derived cell types (where the rules created by
+ -prep_hier will then map back to the original cell with parameters).
+
-prep_delays
insert `$__ABC9_DELAY' blackbox cells into the design to account for
certain required times.
- -mark_scc
+ -break_scc
for an arbitrarily chosen cell in each unique SCC of each selected module
- (tagged with an (* abc9_scc_id = <int> *) attribute), temporarily mark all
- wires driven by this cell's outputs with a (* keep *) attribute in order
- to break the SCC. this temporary attribute will be removed on -reintegrate.
+ (tagged with an (* abc9_scc_id = <int> *) attribute) interrupt all wires
+ driven by this cell's outputs with a temporary $__ABC9_SCC_BREAKER cell
+ to break the SCC.
-prep_xaiger
prepare the design for XAIGER output. this includes computing the
- topological ordering of ABC9 boxes, as well as preparing the
- '<module-name>$holes' module that contains the logic behaviour of ABC9
- whiteboxes.
+ topological ordering of ABC9 boxes, as well as preparing the '$abc9_holes'
+ design that contains the logic behaviour of ABC9 whiteboxes.
-dff
consider flop cells (those instantiating modules marked with (* abc9_flop *))
during -prep_{delays,xaiger,box}.
- -prep_dff
- compute the clock domain and initial value of each flop in the design.
- process the '$holes' module to support clock-enable functionality.
-
-prep_lut <maxlut>
pre-compute the lut library by analysing all modules marked with
(* abc9_lut=<area> *).
a reset deasserts with the clock edge, then the FF output will still drive the
reset value in the next cycle regardless of the data-in value at the time of
the clock edge.
-
-Currently only $adff, $dffsr, and $dlatch cells are supported by this pass.
\end{lstlisting}
\section{attrmap -- renaming attributes}
\section{bugpoint -- minimize testcases}
\label{cmd:bugpoint}
\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
- bugpoint [options]
+ bugpoint [options] [-script <filename> | -command "<command>"]
-This command minimizes testcases that crash Yosys. It removes an arbitrary part
-of the design and recursively invokes Yosys with a given script, repeating these
-steps while it can find a smaller design that still causes a crash. Once this
-command finishes, it replaces the current design with the smallest testcase it
-was able to produce.
+This command minimizes the current design that is known to crash Yosys with the
+given script into a smaller testcase. It does this by removing an arbitrary part
+of the design and recursively invokes a new Yosys process with this modified design
+and the same script, repeating these steps while it can find a smaller design that
+still causes a crash. Once this command finishes, it replaces the current design
+with the smallest testcase it was able to produce.
+In order to save the reduced testcase you must write this out to a file with
+another command after `bugpoint` like `write_rtlil` or `write_verilog`.
-It is possible to specify the kinds of design part that will be removed. If none
-are specified, all parts of design will be removed.
+ -script <filename> | -command "<command>"
+ use this script file or command to crash Yosys. required.
-yosys <filename>
use this Yosys binary. if not specified, `yosys` is used.
- -script <filename>
- use this script to crash Yosys. required.
-
- -grep <string>
+ -grep "<string>"
only consider crashes that place this string in the log file.
-fast
finishing. produces smaller and more useful testcases, but may fail to
produce any testcase at all if the crash is related to dangling wires.
+It is possible to constrain which parts of the design will be considered for
+removal. Unless one or more of the following options are specified, all parts
+will be considered.
+
-modules
- try to remove modules.
+ try to remove modules. modules with a (* bugpoint_keep *) attribute
+ will be skipped.
-ports
- try to remove module ports.
+ try to remove module ports. ports with a (* bugpoint_keep *) attribute
+ will be skipped (useful for clocks, resets, etc.)
-cells
- try to remove cells.
+ try to remove cells. cells with a (* bugpoint_keep *) attribute will
+ be skipped.
-connections
try to reconnect ports to 'x.
+ -processes
+ try to remove processes. processes with a (* bugpoint_keep *) attribute
+ will be skipped.
+
-assigns
try to remove process assigns from cases.
This pass identifies the following problems in the current design:
- - combinatorial loops
-
- - two or more conflicting drivers for one wire
-
- - used wires that do not have a driver
+ - combinatorial loops
+ - two or more conflicting drivers for one wire
+ - used wires that do not have a driver
Options:
- -noinit
- Also check for wires which have the 'init' attribute set.
+ -noinit
+ also check for wires which have the 'init' attribute set
- -initdrv
- Also check for wires that have the 'init' attribute set and are not
- driven by an FF cell type.
+ -initdrv
+ also check for wires that have the 'init' attribute set and are not
+ driven by an FF cell type
- -mapped
- Also check for internal cells that have not been mapped to cells of the
- target architecture.
+ -mapped
+ also check for internal cells that have not been mapped to cells of the
+ target architecture
- -allow-tbuf
- Modify the -mapped behavior to still allow $_TBUF_ cells.
+ -allow-tbuf
+ modify the -mapped behavior to still allow $_TBUF_ cells
- -assert
- Produce a runtime error if any problems are found in the current design.
+ -assert
+ produce a runtime error if any problems are found in the current design
\end{lstlisting}
\section{chformal -- change formal constraints of the design}
multiple clocks.
\end{lstlisting}
-\section{clkbufmap -- insert global buffers on clock networks}
+\section{clkbufmap -- insert clock buffers on clock networks}
\label{cmd:clkbufmap}
\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
clkbufmap [options] [selection]
-Inserts global buffers between nets connected to clock inputs and their drivers.
+Inserts clock buffers between nets connected to clock inputs and their drivers.
In the absence of any selection, all wires without the 'clkbuf_inhibit'
-attribute will be considered for global buffer insertion.
+attribute will be considered for clock buffer insertion.
Alternatively, to consider all wires without the 'buffer_type' attribute set to
'none' or 'bufr' one would specify:
'w:* a:buffer_type=none a:buffer_type=bufr %u %d'
as the selection.
-buf <celltype> <portname_out>:<portname_in>
- Specifies the cell type to use for the global buffers
+ Specifies the cell type to use for the clock buffers
and its port names. The first port will be connected to
the clock network sinks, and the second will be connected
- to the actual clock source. This option is required.
+ to the actual clock source.
-inpad <celltype> <portname_out>:<portname_in>
If specified, a PAD cell of the given type is inserted on
clock nets that are also top module's inputs (in addition
- to the global buffer).
+ to the clock buffer, if any).
+
+At least one of -buf or -inpad should be specified.
\end{lstlisting}
\section{connect -- create or remove connections}
Unconnect all existing drivers for the specified expression.
- connect [-nomap] -port <cell> <port> <expr>
+ connect [-nomap]
[-assert] -port <cell> <port> <expr>
Connect the specified cell port to the specified cell port.
The connect command operates in one module only. Either only one module must
be selected or an active module must be set using the 'cd' command.
+The -assert option verifies that the connection already exists, instead of
+making it.
+
This command does not operate on module with processes.
\end{lstlisting}
-> {"method": "derive", "module": "<module-name">, "parameters": {
"<param-name>": {"type": "[unsigned|signed|string|real]",
"value": "<param-value>"}, ...}}
- <- {"frontend": "[ilang|verilog|...]","source": "<source>"}}
+ <- {"frontend": "[rtlil|verilog|...]","source": "<source>"}}
<- {"error": "<error-message>"}
request for the module <module-name> to be derived for a specific set of
parameters. <param-name> starts with \ for named parameters, and with $
The Verilog front-end remembers defined macros and top-level declarations
between calls to 'read_verilog'. This command resets this memory.
-\end{lstlisting}
-
-\section{determine\_init -- Determine the init value of cells}
-\label{cmd:determine_init}
-\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
- determine_init [selection]
-
-Determine the init value of cells that doesn't allow unknown init value.
-\end{lstlisting}
-
-\section{dff2dffe -- transform \$dff cells to \$dffe cells}
-\label{cmd:dff2dffe}
-\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
- dff2dffe [options] [selection]
-This pass transforms $dff cells driven by a tree of multiplexers with one or
-more feedback paths to $dffe cells. It also works on gate-level cells such as
-$_DFF_P_, $_DFF_N_ and $_MUX_.
+ design -delete <name>
- -unmap
- operate in the opposite direction: replace $dffe cells with combinations
- of $dff and $mux cells. the options below are ignored in unmap mode.
-
- -unmap-mince N
- Same as -unmap but only unmap $dffe where the clock enable port
- signal is used by less $dffe than the specified number
-
- -direct <internal_gate_type> <external_gate_type>
- map directly to external gate type. <internal_gate_type> can
- be any internal gate-level FF cell (except $_DFFE_??_). the
- <external_gate_type> is the cell type name for a cell with an
- identical interface to the <internal_gate_type>, except it
- also has an high-active enable port 'E'.
- Usually <external_gate_type> is an intermediate cell type
- that is then translated to the final type using 'techmap'.
-
- -direct-match <pattern>
- like -direct for all DFF cell types matching the expression.
- this will use $__DFFE_* as <external_gate_type> matching the
- internal gate type $_DFF_*_, and $__DFFSE_* for those matching
- $_DFFS_*_, except for $_DFF_[NP]_, which is converted to
- $_DFFE_[NP]_.
-\end{lstlisting}
-
-\section{dff2dffs -- process sync set/reset with SR over CE priority}
-\label{cmd:dff2dffs}
-\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
- dff2dffs [options] [selection]
-
-Merge synchronous set/reset $_MUX_ cells to create $__DFFS_[NP][NP][01], to be run before
-dff2dffe for SR over CE priority.
-
- -match-init
- Disallow merging synchronous set/reset that has polarity opposite of the
- output wire's init attribute (if any).
+Delete the design previously saved under the given name.
\end{lstlisting}
\section{dffinit -- set INIT param on FF cells}
the already defined initial value.
\end{lstlisting}
+\section{dfflegalize -- convert FFs to types supported by the target}
+\label{cmd:dfflegalize}
+\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
+ dfflegalize [options] [selection]
+
+Converts FFs to types supported by the target.
+
+ -cell <cell_type_pattern> <init_values>
+ specifies a supported group of FF cells. <cell_type_pattern>
+ is a yosys internal fine cell name, where ? characters can be
+ as a wildcard matching any character. <init_values> specifies
+ which initialization values these FF cells can support, and can
+ be one of:
+
+ - x (no init value supported)
+ - 0
+ - 1
+ - r (init value has to match reset value, only for some FF types)
+ - 01 (both 0 and 1 supported).
+
+ -mince <num>
+ specifies a minimum number of FFs that should be using any given
+ clock enable signal. If a clock enable signal doesn't meet this
+ threshold, it is unmapped into soft logic.
+
+ -minsrst <num>
+ specifies a minimum number of FFs that should be using any given
+ sync set/reset signal. If a sync set/reset signal doesn't meet this
+ threshold, it is unmapped into soft logic.
+
+The following cells are supported by this pass (ie. will be ingested,
+and can be specified as allowed targets):
+
+- $_DFF_[NP]_
+- $_DFFE_[NP][NP]_
+- $_DFF_[NP][NP][01]_
+- $_DFFE_[NP][NP][01][NP]_
+- $_ALDFF_[NP][NP]_
+- $_ALDFFE_[NP][NP][NP]_
+- $_DFFSR_[NP][NP][NP]_
+- $_DFFSRE_[NP][NP][NP][NP]_
+- $_SDFF_[NP][NP][01]_
+- $_SDFFE_[NP][NP][01][NP]_
+- $_SDFFCE_[NP][NP][01][NP]_
+- $_SR_[NP][NP]_
+- $_DLATCH_[NP]_
+- $_DLATCH_[NP][NP][01]_
+- $_DLATCHSR_[NP][NP][NP]_
+
+The following transformations are performed by this pass:
+- upconversion from a less capable cell to a more capable cell, if the less capable cell is not supported (eg. dff -> dffe, or adff -> dffsr)
+- unmapping FFs with clock enable (due to unsupported cell type or -mince)
+- unmapping FFs with sync reset (due to unsupported cell type or -minsrst)
+- adding inverters on the control pins (due to unsupported polarity)
+- adding inverters on the D and Q pins and inverting the init/reset values
+ (due to unsupported init or reset value)
+- converting sr into adlatch (by tying D to 1 and using E as set input)
+- emulating unsupported dffsr cell by adff + adff + sr + mux
+- emulating unsupported dlatchsr cell by adlatch + adlatch + sr + mux
+- emulating adff when the (reset, init) value combination is unsupported by
+ dff + adff + dlatch + mux
+- emulating adlatch when the (reset, init) value combination is unsupported by
+- dlatch + adlatch + dlatch + mux
+If the pass is unable to realize a given cell type (eg. adff when only plain dffis available), an error is raised.
+\end{lstlisting}
+
\section{dfflibmap -- technology mapping of flip-flops}
\label{cmd:dfflibmap}
\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
- dfflibmap [-prepare] -liberty <file> [selection]
+ dfflibmap [-prepare] [-map-only] [-info] -liberty <file> [selection]
Map internal flip-flop cells to the flip-flop cells in the technology
library specified in the given liberty file.
When called with -prepare, this command will convert the internal FF cells
to the internal cell types that best match the cells found in the given
-liberty file.
+liberty file, but won't actually map them to the target cells.
+
+When called with -map-only, this command will only map internal cell
+types that are already of exactly the right type to match the target
+cells, leaving remaining internal cells untouched.
+
+When called with -info, this command will only print the target cell
+list, along with their associated internal cell types, and the argumentsthat would be passed to the dfflegalize pass. The design will not be
+changed.
+\end{lstlisting}
+
+\section{dffunmap -- unmap clock enable and synchronous reset from FFs}
+\label{cmd:dffunmap}
+\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
+ dffunmap [options] [selection]
+
+This pass transforms FF types with clock enable and/or synchronous reset into
+their base type (with neither clock enable nor sync reset) by emulating the clock
+enable and synchronous reset with multiplexers on the cell input.
+
+ -ce-only
+ unmap only clock enables, leave synchronous resets alone.
+
+ -srst-only
+ unmap only synchronous resets, leave clock enables alone.
\end{lstlisting}
-\section{dump -- print parts of the design in ilang format}
+\section{dump -- print parts of the design in RTLIL format}
\label{cmd:dump}
\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
dump [options] [selection]
Write the selected parts of the design to the console or specified file in
-ilang format.
+RTLIL format.
-m
also dump the module headers, even if only parts of a single
Do not print all commands to log before executing them. (default)
\end{lstlisting}
-\section{ecp5\_ffinit -- ECP5: handle FF init values}
-\label{cmd:ecp5_ffinit}
-\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
- ecp5_ffinit [options] [selection]
-
-Remove init values for FF output signals when equal to reset value.
-If reset is not used, set the reset value to the init value, otherwise
-unmap out the reset (if not an async reset).
-\end{lstlisting}
-
\section{ecp5\_gsr -- ECP5: handle GSR}
\label{cmd:ecp5_gsr}
\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
Add Efinix adders to fix carry chain if needed.
\end{lstlisting}
-\section{efinix\_gbuf -- Efinix: insert global clock buffers}
-\label{cmd:efinix_gbuf}
-\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
- efinix_gbuf [options] [selection]
-
-Add Efinix global clock buffers to top module as needed.
-\end{lstlisting}
-
\section{equiv\_add -- add a \$equiv cell}
\label{cmd:equiv_add}
\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
This pass looks for subcircuits that are isomorphic to any of the modules
in the given map file and replaces them with instances of this modules. The
-map file can be a Verilog source file (*.v) or an ilang file (*.il).
+map file can be a Verilog source file (*.v) or an RTLIL source file (*.il).
-map <map_file>
use the modules in this file as reference. This option can be used
the following options are to be used instead of the -map option.
-mine <out_file>
- mine for frequent subcircuits and write them to the given ilang file
+ mine for frequent subcircuits and write them to the given RTLIL file
-mine_cells_span <min> <max>
only mine for subcircuits with the specified number of cells
In parametric designs, a module might exists in several variations with
different parameter values. This pass looks at all modules in the current
-design an re-runs the language frontends for the parametric modules as
+design and re-runs the language frontends for the parametric modules as
needed. It also resolves assignments to wired logic data types (wand/wor),
-resolves positional module parameters, unroll array instances, and more.
+resolves positional module parameters, unrolls array instances, and more.
-check
also check the design hierarchy. this generates an error when
the accumulator to an arbitrary value can be inferred to use the {C,D} input.
\end{lstlisting}
-\section{ice40\_ffinit -- iCE40: handle FF init values}
-\label{cmd:ice40_ffinit}
-\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
- ice40_ffinit [options] [selection]
-
-Remove zero init values for FF output signals. Add inverters to implement
-nonzero init values.
-\end{lstlisting}
-
-\section{ice40\_ffssr -- iCE40: merge synchronous set/reset into FF cells}
-\label{cmd:ice40_ffssr}
-\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
- ice40_ffssr [options] [selection]
-
-Merge synchronous set/reset $_MUX_ cells into iCE40 FFs.
-\end{lstlisting}
-
\section{ice40\_opt -- iCE40: perform simple optimizations}
\label{cmd:ice40_opt}
\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
<ice40 specific optimizations>
opt_expr -mux_undef -undriven [-full]
opt_merge
- opt_rmdff
+ opt_dff
opt_clean
while <changed design>
\end{lstlisting}
do not print warnings for the specified experimental feature
-expect <type> <regex> <expected_count>
- expect log,warning or error to appear. In case of error return code is 0.
+ expect log, warning or error to appear. matched errors will terminate
+ with exit code 0.
-expect-no-warnings
gives error in case there is at least one warning that is not expected.
+
+ -check-expected
+ verifies that the patterns previously set up by -expect have actually
+ been met, then clears the expected log list. If this is not called
+ manually, the check will happen at yosys exist time instead.
\end{lstlisting}
\section{ls -- list modules or objects in modules}
\section{memory -- translate memories to basic cells}
\label{cmd:memory}
\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
- memory [-nomap] [-nordff] [-memx] [-bram <bram_rules>] [selection]
+ memory [-nomap] [-nordff] [-nowiden] [-nosat] [-memx] [-bram <bram_rules>] [selection]
This pass calls all the other memory_* passes in a useful order:
opt_mem
- memory_dff [-nordff] (-memx implies -nordff)
- opt_clean
- memory_share
+ opt_mem_priority
+ opt_mem_feedback
+ memory_dff (skipped if called with -nordff or -memx)
opt_clean
+ memory_share [-nowiden] [-nosat]
+ opt_mem_widen
memory_memx (when called with -memx)
+ opt_clean
memory_collect
memory_bram -rules <bram_rules> (when called with -bram)
memory_map (skipped if called with -nomap)
memory cells.
\end{lstlisting}
-\section{memory\_dff -- merge input/output DFFs into memories}
+\section{memory\_dff -- merge input/output DFFs into memory read ports}
\label{cmd:memory_dff}
\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
memory_dff [options] [selection]
-This pass detects DFFs at memory ports and merges them into the memory port.
+This pass detects DFFs at memory read ports and merges them into the memory port.
I.e. it consumes an asynchronous memory port and the flip-flops at its
interface and yields a synchronous memory port.
-
- -nordfff
- do not merge registers on read ports
\end{lstlisting}
\section{memory\_map -- translate multiport memories to basic cells}
behavior for out-of-bounds memory reads and writes.
\end{lstlisting}
+\section{memory\_narrow -- split up wide memory ports}
+\label{cmd:memory_narrow}
+\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
+ memory_narrow [options] [selection]
+
+This pass splits up wide memory ports into several narrow ports.
+\end{lstlisting}
+
\section{memory\_nordff -- extract read port FFs from memories}
\label{cmd:memory_nordff}
\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
memory_nordff [options] [selection]
This pass extracts FFs from memory read ports. This results in a netlist
-similar to what one would get from calling memory_dff with -nordff.
+similar to what one would get from not calling memory_dff.
\end{lstlisting}
\section{memory\_share -- consolidate memory ports}
\label{cmd:memory_share}
\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
- memory_share [selection]
+ memory_share [-nosat] [-nowiden] [selection]
This pass merges share-able memory ports into single memory ports.
The following methods are used to consolidate the number of memory ports:
- - When write ports are connected to async read ports accessing the same
- address, then this feedback path is converted to a write port with
- byte/part enable signals.
-
- When multiple write ports access the same address then this is converted
to a single write port with a more complex data and/or enable logic path.
+ - When multiple read or write ports access adjacent aligned addresses, they are
+ merged to a single wide read or write port. This transformation can be
+ disabled with the "-nowiden" option.
+
- When multiple write ports are never accessed at the same time (a SAT
solver is used to determine this), then the ports are merged into a single
- write port.
+ write port. This transformation can be disabled with the "-nosat" option.
Note that in addition to the algorithms implemented in this pass, the $memrd
and $memwr cells are also subject to generic resource sharing passes (and other
a series of trivial optimizations and cleanups. This pass executes the other
passes in the following order:
- opt_expr [-mux_undef] [-mux_bool] [-undriven] [-clkinv] [-fine] [-full] [-keepdc]
+ opt_expr [-mux_undef] [-mux_bool] [-undriven] [-noclkinv] [-fine] [-full] [-keepdc]
opt_merge [-share_all] -nomux
do
opt_muxtree
opt_reduce [-fine] [-full]
opt_merge [-share_all]
- opt_share (-full only)
- opt_rmdff [-keepdc] [-sat]
+ opt_share (-full only)
+ opt_dff [-nodffe] [-nosdff] [-keepdc] [-sat] (except when called with -noff)
opt_clean [-purge]
- opt_expr [-mux_undef] [-mux_bool] [-undriven] [-clkinv] [-fine] [-full] [-keepdc]
+ opt_expr [-mux_undef] [-mux_bool] [-undriven] [-noclkinv] [-fine] [-full] [-keepdc]
while <changed design>
When called with -fast the following script is used instead:
do
- opt_expr [-mux_undef] [-mux_bool] [-undriven] [-clkinv] [-fine] [-full] [-keepdc]
+ opt_expr [-mux_undef] [-mux_bool] [-undriven] [-noclkinv] [-fine] [-full] [-keepdc]
opt_merge [-share_all]
- opt_rmdff [-keepdc] [-sat]
+ opt_dff [-nodffe] [-nosdff] [-keepdc] [-sat] (except when called with -noff)
opt_clean [-purge]
- while <changed design in opt_rmdff>
+ while <changed design in opt_dff>
Note: Options in square brackets (such as [-keepdc]) are passed through to
the opt_* commands when given to 'opt'.
overall gate count of the circuit
\end{lstlisting}
+\section{opt\_dff -- perform DFF optimizations}
+\label{cmd:opt_dff}
+\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
+ opt_dff [-nodffe] [-nosdff] [-keepdc] [-sat] [selection]
+
+This pass converts flip-flops to a more suitable type by merging clock enables
+and synchronous reset multiplexers, removing unused control inputs, or potentially
+removes the flip-flop altogether, converting it to a constant driver.
+
+ -nodffe
+ disables dff -> dffe conversion, and other transforms recognizing clock enable
+
+ -nosdff
+ disables dff -> sdff conversion, and other transforms recognizing sync resets
+
+ -simple-dffe
+ only enables clock enable recognition transform for obvious cases
+
+ -sat
+ additionally invoke SAT solver to detect and remove flip-flops (with
+ non-constant inputs) that can also be replaced with a constant driver
+
+ -keepdc
+ some optimizations change the behavior of the circuit with respect to
+ don't-care bits. for example in 'a+0' a single x-bit in 'a' will cause
+ all result bits to be set to x. this behavior changes when 'a+0' is
+ replaced by 'a'. the -keepdc option disables all such optimizations.
+\end{lstlisting}
+
\section{opt\_expr -- perform const folding and simple expression rewriting}
\label{cmd:opt_expr}
\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
-undriven
replace undriven nets with undef (x) constants
- -clkinv
- optimize clock inverters by changing FF types
+ -noclkinv
+ do not optimize clock inverters by changing FF types
-fine
perform fine-grain optimizations
This pass performs various optimizations on memories in the design.
\end{lstlisting}
+\section{opt\_mem\_feedback -- convert memory read-to-write port feedback paths to write enables}
+\label{cmd:opt_mem_feedback}
+\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
+ opt_mem_feedback [selection]
+
+This pass detects cases where an asynchronous read port is only connected via
+a mux tree to a write port with the same address. When such a connection is
+found, it is replaced with a new condition on an enable signal, allowing
+for removal of the read port.
+\end{lstlisting}
+
+\section{opt\_mem\_priority -- remove priority relations between write ports that can never collide}
+\label{cmd:opt_mem_priority}
+\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
+ opt_mem_priority [selection]
+
+This pass detects cases where one memory write port has priority over another
+even though they can never collide with each other — ie. there can never be
+a situation where a given memory bit is written by both ports at the same
+time, for example because of always-different addresses, or mutually exclusive
+enable signals. In such cases, the priority relation is removed.
+\end{lstlisting}
+
+\section{opt\_mem\_widen -- optimize memories where all ports are wide}
+\label{cmd:opt_mem_widen}
+\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
+ opt_mem_widen [options] [selection]
+
+This pass looks for memories where all ports are wide and adjusts the base
+memory width up until that stops being the case.
+\end{lstlisting}
+
\section{opt\_merge -- consolidate identical cells}
\label{cmd:opt_merge}
\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
alias for -fine
\end{lstlisting}
-\section{opt\_rmdff -- remove DFFs with constant inputs}
-\label{cmd:opt_rmdff}
-\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
- opt_rmdff [-keepdc] [-sat] [selection]
-
-This pass identifies flip-flops with constant inputs and replaces them with
-a constant driver.
-
- -sat
- additionally invoke SAT solver to detect and remove flip-flops (with
- non-constant inputs) that can also be replaced with a constant driver
-\end{lstlisting}
-
\section{opt\_share -- merge mutually exclusive cells of the same type that share an input signal}
\label{cmd:opt_share}
\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
do not run any of the memory_* passes
-rdff
- do not pass -nordff to 'memory_dff'. This enables merging of FFs into
+ call 'memory_dff'. This enables merging of FFs into
memory read ports.
-nokeepdc
opt_expr -keepdc
opt_clean
check
- opt -keepdc
+ opt -noff -keepdc
wreduce -keepdc [-memx]
- memory_dff [-nordff]
+ memory_dff (if -rdff)
memory_memx (if -memx)
opt_clean
memory_collect
- opt -keepdc -fast
+ opt -noff -keepdc -fast
check:
stat
check
\end{lstlisting}
+\section{printattrs -- print attributes of selected objects}
+\label{cmd:printattrs}
+\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
+ printattrs [selection]
+
+Print all attributes of the selected objects.
+\end{lstlisting}
+
\section{proc -- translate processes to netlists}
\label{cmd:proc}
\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
proc_mux
proc_dlatch
proc_dff
+ proc_memwr
proc_clean
+ opt_expr -keepdc
This replaces the processes in the design with multiplexers,
flip-flops and latches.
The following options are supported:
+ -nomux
+ Will omit the proc_mux pass.
+
-global_arst [!]<netname>
This option is passed through to proc_arst.
-ifx
This option is passed through to proc_mux. proc_rmdead is not
executed in -ifx mode.
+
+ -noopt
+ Will omit the opt_expr pass.
\end{lstlisting}
\section{proc\_arst -- detect asynchronous resets}
respective wire.
\end{lstlisting}
+\section{proc\_memwr -- extract memory writes from processes}
+\label{cmd:proc_memwr}
+\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
+ proc_memwr [selection]
+
+This pass converts memory writes in processes into $memwr cells.
+\end{lstlisting}
+
\section{proc\_mux -- convert decision trees to multiplexers}
\label{cmd:proc_mux}
\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
This pass identifies unreachable branches in decision trees and removes them.
\end{lstlisting}
+\section{qbfsat -- solve a 2QBF-SAT problem in the circuit}
+\label{cmd:qbfsat}
+\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
+ qbfsat [options] [selection]
+
+This command solves an "exists-forall" 2QBF-SAT problem defined over the currently
+selected module. Existentially-quantified variables are declared by assigning a wire
+"$anyconst". Universally-quantified variables may be explicitly declared by assigning
+a wire "$allconst", but module inputs will be treated as universally-quantified
+variables by default.
+
+ -nocleanup
+ Do not delete temporary files and directories. Useful for debugging.
+
+ -dump-final-smt2 <file>
+ Pass the --dump-smt2 option to yosys-smtbmc.
+
+ -assume-outputs
+ Add an "$assume" cell for the conjunction of all one-bit module output wires.
+
+ -assume-negative-polarity
+ When adding $assume cells for one-bit module output wires, assume they are
+ negative polarity signals and should always be low, for example like the
+ miters created with the `miter` command.
+
+ -nooptimize
+ Ignore "\minimize" and "\maximize" attributes, do not emit "(maximize)" or
+ "(minimize)" in the SMT-LIBv2, and generally make no attempt to optimize anything.
+
+ -nobisection
+ If a wire is marked with the "\minimize" or "\maximize" attribute, do not
+ attempt to optimize that value with the default iterated solving and threshold
+ bisection approach. Instead, have yosys-smtbmc emit a "(minimize)" or "(maximize)"
+ command in the SMT-LIBv2 output and hope that the solver supports optimizing
+ quantified bitvector problems.
+
+ -solver <solver>
+ Use a particular solver. Choose one of: "z3", "yices", and "cvc4".
+ (default: yices)
+
+ -solver-option <name> <value>
+ Set the specified solver option in the SMT-LIBv2 problem file.
+
+ -timeout <value>
+ Set the per-iteration timeout in seconds.
+ (default: no timeout)
+
+ -O0, -O1, -O2
+ Control the use of ABC to simplify the QBF-SAT problem before solving.
+
+ -sat
+ Generate an error if the solver does not return "sat".
+
+ -unsat
+ Generate an error if the solver does not return "unsat".
+
+ -show-smtbmc
+ Print the output from yosys-smtbmc.
+
+ -specialize
+ If the problem is satisfiable, replace each "$anyconst" cell with its
+ corresponding constant value from the model produced by the solver.
+
+ -specialize-from-file <solution file>
+ Do not run the solver, but instead only attempt to replace each "$anyconst"
+ cell in the current module with a constant value provided by the specified file.
+
+ -write-solution <solution file>
+ If the problem is satisfiable, write the corresponding constant value for each
+ "$anyconst" cell from the model produced by the solver to the specified file.
+\end{lstlisting}
+
\section{qwp -- quadratic wirelength placer}
\label{cmd:qwp}
\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
the language version (and before file names) to set additional verilog defines.
- read {-vhdl87|-vhdl93|-vhdl2k|-vhdl2008|-vhdl} <vhdl-file>..
+ read {-f|-F} <command-file>
-Load the specified VHDL files. (Requires Verific.)
+Load and execute the specified command file. (Requires Verific.)
+Check verific command for more information about supported commands in file.
read -define <macro>[=<value>]..
multi-bit port 'name'.
\end{lstlisting}
-\section{read\_ilang -- read modules from ilang file}
+\section{read\_ilang -- (deprecated) alias of read\_rtlil}
\label{cmd:read_ilang}
\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
- read_ilang [filename]
-
-Load modules from an ilang file to the current design. (ilang is a text
-representation of a design in yosys's internal format.)
-
- -nooverwrite
- ignore re-definitions of modules. (the default behavior is to
- create an error message if the existing module is not a blackbox
- module, and overwrite the existing module if it is a blackbox module.)
-
- -overwrite
- overwrite existing modules with the same name
-
- -lib
- only create empty blackbox modules
+See `help read_rtlil`.
\end{lstlisting}
\section{read\_json -- read JSON file}
set the specified attribute (to the value 1) on all loaded modules
\end{lstlisting}
+\section{read\_rtlil -- read modules from RTLIL file}
+\label{cmd:read_rtlil}
+\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
+ read_rtlil [filename]
+
+Load modules from an RTLIL file to the current design. (RTLIL is a text
+representation of a design in yosys's internal format.)
+
+ -nooverwrite
+ ignore re-definitions of modules. (the default behavior is to
+ create an error message if the existing module is not a blackbox
+ module, and overwrite the existing module if it is a blackbox module.)
+
+ -overwrite
+ overwrite existing modules with the same name
+
+ -lib
+ only create empty blackbox modules
+\end{lstlisting}
+
\section{read\_verilog -- read modules from Verilog file}
\label{cmd:read_verilog}
\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
enable support for SystemVerilog assertions and some Yosys extensions
replace the implicit -D SYNTHESIS with -D FORMAL
+ -nosynthesis
+ don't add implicit -D SYNTHESIS
+
-noassert
ignore assert() statements
the syntax of the code, rather than to rely on read_verilog for that.
Depending on if read_verilog is run in -formal mode, either the macro
-SYNTHESIS or FORMAL is defined automatically. In addition, read_verilog
-always defines the macro YOSYS.
+SYNTHESIS or FORMAL is defined automatically, unless -nosynthesis is used.
+In addition, read_verilog always defines the macro YOSYS.
See the Yosys README file for a list of non-standard Verilog features
supported by the Yosys Verilog front-end.
design.
-expect <num>
- expect to find exactly <num> SSCs. A different number of SSCs will
+ expect to find exactly <num> SCCs. A different number of SCCs will
produce an error.
-max_depth <num>
-select
replace the current selection with a selection of all cells and wires
that are part of a found logic loop
+
+ -specify
+ examine specify rules to detect logic loops in whitebox/blackbox cells
\end{lstlisting}
\section{scratchpad -- get/set values in the scratchpad}
\label{cmd:select}
\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
select [ -add | -del | -set <name> ] {-read <filename> | <selection>}
+ select [ -unset <name> ]
select [ <assert_option> ] {-read <filename> | <selection>}
select [ -list | -write <filename> | -count | -clear ]
select -module <modname>
under the given name (see @<name> below). to save the current selection,
use "select -set <name> %"
+ -unset <name>
+ do not modify the current selection. instead remove a previously saved
+ selection under the given name (see @<name> below).
-assert-none
do not modify the current selection. instead assert that the given
selection is empty. i.e. produce an error if any object matching the
<obj_pattern>
select the specified object(s) from the current module
+By default, patterns will not match black/white-box modules or theircontents. To include such objects, prefix the pattern with '='.
+
A <mod_pattern> can be a module name, wildcard expression (*, ?, [..])
matching module names, or one of the following:
replace undef in cell parameters
\end{lstlisting}
-\section{sf2\_iobs -- SF2: insert IO buffers}
-\label{cmd:sf2_iobs}
-\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
- sf2_iobs [options] [selection]
-
-Add SF2 I/O buffers and global buffers to top module as needed.
-
- -clkbuf
- Insert PAD->global_net clock buffers
-\end{lstlisting}
-
\section{share -- perform sat-based resource sharing}
\label{cmd:share}
\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
generate a .dot file, or other <format> strings such as 'svg' or 'ps'
to generate files in other formats (this calls the 'dot' command).
- -lib <verilog_or_ilang_file>
+ -lib <verilog_or_rtlil_file>
Use the specified library file for determining whether cell ports are
inputs or outputs. This option can be used multiple times to specify
more than one library.
-zinit
zero-initialize all uninitialized regs and memories
+ -timescale <string>
+ include the specified timescale declaration in the vcd
+
-n <integer>
number of cycles to simulate (default: 20)
$not, $pos, $and, $or, $xor, $xnor
$reduce_and, $reduce_or, $reduce_xor, $reduce_xnor, $reduce_bool
$logic_not, $logic_and, $logic_or, $mux, $tribuf
- $sr, $ff, $dff, $dffsr, $adff, $dlatch
+ $sr, $ff, $dff, $dffe, $dffsr, $dffsre, $adff, $adffe, $aldff, $aldffe, $sdff, $sdffe, $sdffce, $dlatch, $adlatch, $dlatchsr
\end{lstlisting}
\section{splice -- create explicit splicing cells}
opt_expr
opt_clean
check
+ opt -nodffe -nosdff
+ fsm (unless -nofsm)
opt
wreduce
peepopt
alumacc (unless -noalumacc)
share (unless -noshare)
opt
- fsm (unless -nofsm)
- opt -fast
memory -nomap
opt_clean
opt -fast -mux_undef -undriven -fine -full
memory_map
opt -undriven -fine
- dff2dffe -direct-match $_DFF_*
opt -fine
techmap -map +/techmap.v
opt -full
clean -purge
setundef -undriven -zero
+ dfflegalize -cell $_DFF_P_ x
abc -markgroups -dff -D 1 (only if -retime)
map_luts:
hierarchy -check
stat
check -noinit
+ blackbox =A:whitebox
vout:
write_verilog -nodec -attr2comment -defparam -renameprefix syn_ <file-name>
abc -dff -D 1 (only if -retime)
map_ffs:
+ dfflegalize -cell $_DFFE_P??P_ r -cell $_SDFFE_P??P_ r -cell $_DLATCH_N??_ r
techmap -D NO_LUT -map +/anlogic/cells_map.v
- dffinit -strinit SET RESET -ff AL_MAP_SEQ q REGSET -noreinit
opt_expr -mux_undef
simplemap
hierarchy -check
stat
check -noinit
+ blackbox =A:whitebox
edif:
write_edif <file-name>
hierarchy -check
stat
check -noinit
+ blackbox =A:whitebox
json:
write_json <file-name>
hierarchy -check
stat
check -noinit
+ blackbox =A:whitebox
vlog:
write_verilog -noexpr -attr2comment <file-name>
-noflatten
do not flatten design before synthesis
+ -dff
+ run 'abc'/'abc9' with -dff option
+
-retime
run 'abc' with '-dff -D 1' options
do not use PFU muxes to implement LUTs larger than LUT4s
-asyncprld
- use async PRLD mode to implement DLATCH and DFFSR (EXPERIMENTAL)
+ use async PRLD mode to implement ALDFF (EXPERIMENTAL)
-abc2
run two passes of 'abc' for slightly improved logic density
opt_expr
opt_clean
check
+ opt -nodffe -nosdff
+ fsm
opt
wreduce
peepopt
chtype -set $mul t:$__soft_mul (unless -nodsp)
alumacc
opt
- fsm
- opt -fast
memory -nomap
opt_clean
abc -dff -D 1 (only if -retime)
map_ffs:
- dff2dffs
opt_clean
- dff2dffe -direct-match $_DFF_* -direct-match $__DFFS_*
- techmap -D NO_LUT [-D ASYNC_PRLD] -map +/ecp5/cells_map.v
+ dfflegalize -cell $_DFF_?_ 01 -cell $_DFF_?P?_ r -cell $_SDFF_?P?_ r [-cell $_DFFE_??_ 01 -cell $_DFFE_?P??_ r -cell $_SDFFE_?P??_ r] [-cell $_ALDFF_?P_ x -cell $_ALDFFE_?P?_ x] [-cell $_DLATCH_?_ x] ($_ALDFF_*_ only if -asyncprld, $_DLATCH_* only if not -asyncprld, $_*DFFE_* only if not -nodffe)
+ zinit -all w:* t:$_DFF_?_ t:$_DFFE_??_ t:$_SDFF* (only if -abc9 and -dff)
+ techmap -D NO_LUT -map +/ecp5/cells_map.v
opt_expr -undriven -mux_undef
simplemap
- ecp5_ffinit
ecp5_gsr
attrmvcp -copy -attr syn_useioff
opt_clean
map_luts:
abc (only if -abc2)
- techmap -map +/ecp5/latches_map.v
- abc -lut 4:7 -dress
+ techmap -map +/ecp5/latches_map.v (skip if -asyncprld)
+ abc -dress -lut 4:7
clean
map_cells:
- techmap -map +/ecp5/cells_map.v (with -D NO_LUT in vpr mode)
+ techmap -map +/ecp5/cells_map.v (skip if -vpr)
opt_lut_ins -tech ecp5
clean
hierarchy -check
stat
check -noinit
+ blackbox =A:whitebox
blif:
opt_clean -purge (vpr mode)
abc -dff -D 1 (only if -retime)
map_ffs:
+ dfflegalize -cell $_DFFE_????_ 0 -cell $_SDFFE_????_ 0 -cell $_SDFFCE_????_ 0 -cell $_DLATCH_?_ x
techmap -D NO_LUT -map +/efinix/cells_map.v
- dffinit -strinit SET RESET -ff AL_MAP_SEQ q REGSET -noreinit
opt_expr -mux_undef
simplemap
clean
map_gbuf:
- efinix_gbuf
+ clkbufmap -buf $__EFX_GBUF O:I
+ techmap -map +/efinix/gbuf_map.v
efinix_fixcarry
clean
hierarchy -check
stat
check -noinit
+ blackbox =A:whitebox
edif:
write_edif <file-name>
write the design to the specified Verilog netlist file. writing of an
output file is omitted if this parameter is not specified.
+ -json <file>
+ write the design to the specified JSON netlist file. writing of an
+ output file is omitted if this parameter is not specified.
+ This disables features not yet supported by nexpnr-gowin.
+
-run <from_label>:<to_label>
only run the commands between the labels (see below). an empty
from label is synonymous to 'begin', and empty to label is
-noiopads
do not emit IOB at top level ports
+ -noalu
+ do not use ALU cells
+
+ -abc9
+ use new ABC9 flow (EXPERIMENTAL)
+
The following commands are executed by this synthesis command:
begin:
- read_verilog -lib +/gowin/cells_sim.v
+ read_verilog -specify -lib +/gowin/cells_sim.v
hierarchy -check -top <top>
flatten: (unless -noflatten)
map_lutram: (skip if -nolutram)
memory_bram -rules +/gowin/lutrams.txt
techmap -map +/gowin/lutrams_map.v
- determine_init
+ setundef -params -zero t:RAM16S4
map_ffram:
opt -fast -mux_undef -undriven -fine
opt -fast
abc -dff -D 1 (only if -retime)
splitnets
+ iopadmap -bits -inpad IBUF O:I -outpad OBUF I:O -toutpad $__GW_TBUF OE:I:O -tinoutpad $__GW_IOBUF OE:O:I:IO (unless -noiopads)
map_ffs:
- dff2dffs -match-init
opt_clean
- dff2dffe -direct-match $_DFF_* -direct-match $__DFFS_*
+ dfflegalize -cell $_DFF_?_ 0 -cell $_DFFE_?P_ 0 -cell $_SDFF_?P?_ r -cell $_SDFFE_?P?P_ r -cell $_DFF_?P?_ r -cell $_DFFE_?P?P_ r
techmap -map +/gowin/cells_map.v
opt_expr -mux_undef
simplemap
opt_lut_ins -tech gowin
setundef -undriven -params -zero
hilomap -singleton -hicell VCC V -locell GND G
- iopadmap -bits -inpad IBUF O:I -outpad OBUF I:O -toutpad TBUF OEN:I:O -tinoutpad IOBUF OEN:O:I:IO (unless -noiopads)
clean
+ autoname
check:
hierarchy -check
stat
check -noinit
+ blackbox =A:whitebox
vout:
write_verilog -decimal -attr2comment -defparam -renameprefix gen <file-name>
+ write_json <file-name>
\end{lstlisting}
\section{synth\_greenpak4 -- synthesis for GreenPAK4 FPGAs}
opt -undriven -fine
techmap -map +/techmap.v -map +/greenpak4/cells_latch.v
dfflibmap -prepare -liberty +/greenpak4/gp_dff.lib
- opt -fast
+ opt -fast -noclkinv -noff
abc -dff -D 1 (only if -retime)
map_luts:
hierarchy -check
stat
check -noinit
+ blackbox =A:whitebox
json:
write_json <file-name>
-noflatten
do not flatten design before synthesis
+ -dff
+ run 'abc'/'abc9' with -dff option
+
-retime
run 'abc' with '-dff -D 1' options
opt_expr
opt_clean
check
+ opt -nodffe -nosdff
+ fsm
opt
wreduce
peepopt
chtype -set $mul t:$__soft_mul (if -dsp)
alumacc
opt
- fsm
- opt -fast
memory -nomap
opt_clean
ice40_opt
map_ffs:
- dff2dffe -direct-match $_DFF_*
- techmap -D NO_LUT -D NO_ADDER -map +/ice40/cells_map.v
+ dfflegalize -cell $_DFF_?_ 0 -cell $_DFFE_?P_ 0 -cell $_DFF_?P?_ 0 -cell $_DFFE_?P?P_ 0 -cell $_SDFF_?P?_ 0 -cell $_SDFFCE_?P?P_ 0 -cell $_DLATCH_?_ x -mince -1
+ techmap -map +/ice40/ff_map.v
opt_expr -mux_undef
simplemap
- ice40_ffinit
- ice40_ffssr
ice40_opt -full
map_luts:
simplemap (if -noabc or -flowmap)
techmap -map +/gate2lut.v -D LUT_WIDTH=4 (only if -noabc)
flowmap -maxlut 4 (only if -flowmap)
- abc -dress -lut 4 (skip if -noabc)
+ abc -dress -lut 4 (skip if -noabc)
ice40_wrapcarry -unwrap
- techmap -D NO_LUT -map +/ice40/cells_map.v
+ techmap -map +/ice40/ff_map.v
clean
- opt_lut -dlogic SB_CARRY:I0=2:I1=1:CI=0
+ opt_lut -dlogic SB_CARRY:I0=1:I1=2:CI=3 -dlogic SB_CARRY:CO=3
map_cells:
- techmap -map +/ice40/cells_map.v (with -D NO_LUT in vpr mode)
+ techmap -map +/ice40/cells_map.v (skip if -vpr)
clean
check:
hierarchy -check
stat
check -noinit
+ blackbox =A:whitebox
blif:
opt_clean -purge (vpr mode)
This command runs synthesis for Intel FPGAs.
- -family <max10 | arria10gx | cyclone10lp | cyclonev | cycloneiv | cycloneive>
+ -family <max10 | cyclone10lp | cycloneiv | cycloneive>
generate the synthesis netlist for the specified family.
MAX10 is the default target if no family argument specified.
For Cyclone IV GX devices, use cycloneiv argument; for Cyclone IV E, use cycloneive.
- Cyclone V and Arria 10 GX devices are experimental.
+ For Cyclone V and Cyclone 10 GX, use the synth_intel_alm backend instead.
-top <module>
use the specified module as top module (default='top')
opt -fast -mux_undef -undriven -fine -full
memory_map
opt -undriven -fine
- dff2dffe -direct-match $_DFF_*
- opt -fine
techmap -map +/techmap.v
opt -full
clean -purge
setundef -undriven -zero
abc -markgroups -dff -D 1 (only if -retime)
+ map_ffs:
+ dfflegalize -cell $_DFFE_PN0P_ 01
+ techmap -map +/intel/common/ff_map.v
+
map_luts:
abc -lut 4
clean
map_cells:
iopadmap -bits -outpad $__outpad I:O -inpad $__inpad O:I (if -iopads)
techmap -map +/intel/max10/cells_map.v
- dffinit -highlow -ff dffeas q power_up
clean -purge
check:
hierarchy -check
stat
check -noinit
+ blackbox =A:whitebox
vqm:
write_verilog -attr2comment -defparam -nohex -decimal -renameprefix syn_ <file-name>
WARNING: THE 'synth_intel' COMMAND IS EXPERIMENTAL.
\end{lstlisting}
-\section{synth\_sf2 -- synthesis for SmartFusion2 and IGLOO2 FPGAs}
-\label{cmd:synth_sf2}
+\section{synth\_intel\_alm -- synthesis for ALM-based Intel (Altera) FPGAs.}
+\label{cmd:synth_intel_alm}
\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
- synth_sf2 [options]
+ synth_intel_alm [options]
-This command runs synthesis for SmartFusion2 and IGLOO2 FPGAs.
+This command runs synthesis for ALM-based Intel FPGAs.
-top <module>
use the specified module as top module
- -edif <file>
- write the design to the specified EDIF file. writing of an output file
- is omitted if this parameter is not specified.
+ -family <family>
+ target one of:
+ "cyclonev" - Cyclone V (default)
+ "cyclone10gx" - Cyclone 10GX
- -vlog <file>
- write the design to the specified Verilog file. writing of an output file
- is omitted if this parameter is not specified.
+ -vqm <file>
+ write the design to the specified Verilog Quartus Mapping File. Writing of an
+ output file is omitted if this parameter is not specified. Implies -quartus.
- -json <file>
- write the design to the specified JSON file. writing of an output file
- is omitted if this parameter is not specified.
+ -noflatten
+ do not flatten design before synthesis; useful for per-module area statistics
+
+ -quartus
+ output a netlist using Quartus cells instead of MISTRAL_* cells
+
+ -dff
+ pass DFFs to ABC to perform sequential logic optimisations (EXPERIMENTAL)
-run <from_label>:<to_label>
only run the commands between the labels (see below). an empty
from label is synonymous to 'begin', and empty to label is
synonymous to the end of the command list.
- -noflatten
- do not flatten design before synthesis
+ -nolutram
+ do not use LUT RAM cells in output netlist
- -noiobs
- run synthesis in "block mode", i.e. do not insert IO buffers
+ -nobram
+ do not use block RAM cells in output netlist
- -clkbuf
- insert direct PAD->global_net buffers
+ -nodsp
+ do not map multipliers to MISTRAL_MUL cells
- -retime
- run 'abc' with '-dff -D 1' options
+ -noiopad
+ do not instantiate IO buffers
+ -noclkbuf
+ do not insert global clock buffers
The following commands are executed by this synthesis command:
begin:
- read_verilog -lib +/sf2/cells_sim.v
+ read_verilog -specify -lib -D <family> +/intel_alm/common/alm_sim.v
+ read_verilog -specify -lib -D <family> +/intel_alm/common/dff_sim.v
+ read_verilog -specify -lib -D <family> +/intel_alm/common/dsp_sim.v
+ read_verilog -specify -lib -D <family> +/intel_alm/common/mem_sim.v
+ read_verilog -specify -lib -D <family> +/intel_alm/common/misc_sim.v
+ read_verilog -specify -lib -D <family> -icells +/intel_alm/common/abc9_model.v
+ read_verilog -lib +/intel/common/altpll_bb.v
+ read_verilog -lib +/intel_alm/common/megafunction_bb.v
hierarchy -check -top <top>
- flatten: (unless -noflatten)
+ coarse:
proc
- flatten
+ flatten (skip if -noflatten)
tribuf -logic
deminout
-
- coarse:
- synth -run coarse
+ opt_expr
+ opt_clean
+ check
+ opt -nodffe -nosdff
+ fsm
+ opt
+ wreduce
+ peepopt
+ opt_clean
+ share
+ techmap -map +/cmp2lut.v -D LUT_WIDTH=6
+ opt_expr
+ opt_clean
+ techmap -map +/mul2dsp.v [...] (unless -nodsp)
+ alumacc
+ iopadmap -bits -outpad MISTRAL_OB I:PAD -inpad MISTRAL_IB O:PAD -toutpad MISTRAL_IO OE:O:PAD -tinoutpad MISTRAL_IO OE:O:I:PAD A:top (unless -noiopad)
+ techmap -map +/intel_alm/common/arith_alm_map.v -map +/intel_alm/common/dsp_map.v
+ opt
+ memory -nomap
+ opt_clean
+
+ map_bram: (skip if -nobram)
+ memory_bram -rules +/intel_alm/common/bram_<bram_type>.txt
+ techmap -map +/intel_alm/common/bram_<bram_type>_map.v
+
+ map_lutram: (skip if -nolutram)
+ memory_bram -rules +/intel_alm/common/lutram_mlab.txt (for Cyclone V / Cyclone 10GX)
+
+ map_ffram:
+ memory_map
+ opt -full
+
+ map_ffs:
+ techmap
+ dfflegalize -cell $_DFFE_PN0P_ 0 -cell $_SDFFCE_PP0P_ 0
+ techmap -map +/intel_alm/common/dff_map.v
+ opt -full -undriven -mux_undef
+ clean -purge
+ clkbufmap -buf MISTRAL_CLKBUF Q:A (unless -noclkbuf)
+
+ map_luts:
+ techmap -map +/intel_alm/common/abc9_map.v
+ abc9 [-dff] -maxlut 6 -W 600
+ techmap -map +/intel_alm/common/abc9_unmap.v
+ techmap -map +/intel_alm/common/alm_map.v
+ opt -fast
+ autoname
+ clean
+
+ check:
+ hierarchy -check
+ stat
+ check
+ blackbox =A:whitebox
+
+ quartus:
+ rename -hide w:*[* w:*]*
+ setundef -zero
+ hilomap -singleton -hicell __MISTRAL_VCC Q -locell __MISTRAL_GND Q
+ techmap -D <family> -map +/intel_alm/common/quartus_rename.v
+
+ vqm:
+ write_verilog -attr2comment -defparam -nohex -decimal <file-name>
+\end{lstlisting}
+
+\section{synth\_machxo2 -- synthesis for MachXO2 FPGAs. This work is experimental.}
+\label{cmd:synth_machxo2}
+\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
+ synth_machxo2 [options]
+
+This command runs synthesis for MachXO2 FPGAs.
+
+ -top <module>
+ use the specified module as top module
+
+ -blif <file>
+ write the design to the specified BLIF file. writing of an output file
+ is omitted if this parameter is not specified.
+
+ -edif <file>
+ write the design to the specified EDIF file. writing of an output file
+ is omitted if this parameter is not specified.
+
+ -json <file>
+ write the design to the specified JSON file. writing of an output file
+ is omitted if this parameter is not specified.
+
+ -run <from_label>:<to_label>
+ only run the commands between the labels (see below). an empty
+ from label is synonymous to 'begin', and empty to label is
+ synonymous to the end of the command list.
+
+ -noflatten
+ do not flatten design before synthesis
+
+ -noiopad
+ do not insert IO buffers
+
+ -vpr
+ generate an output netlist (and BLIF file) suitable for VPR
+ (this feature is experimental and incomplete)
+
+
+The following commands are executed by this synthesis command:
+
+ begin:
+ read_verilog -lib -icells +/machxo2/cells_sim.v
+ hierarchy -check -top <top>
+
+ flatten: (unless -noflatten)
+ proc
+ flatten
+ tribuf -logic
+ deminout
+
+ coarse:
+ synth -run coarse
+
+ fine:
+ memory_map
+ opt -full
+ techmap -map +/techmap.v
+ opt -fast
+
+ map_ios: (unless -noiopad)
+ iopadmap -bits -outpad $__FACADE_OUTPAD I:O -inpad $__FACADE_INPAD O:I -toutpad $__FACADE_TOUTPAD OE:I:O -tinoutpad $__FACADE_TINOUTPAD OE:O:I:B A:top
+ attrmvcp -attr src -attr LOC t:$__FACADE_OUTPAD %x:+[O] t:$__FACADE_TOUTPAD %x:+[O] t:$__FACADE_TINOUTPAD %x:+[B]
+ attrmvcp -attr src -attr LOC -driven t:$__FACADE_INPAD %x:+[I]
+
+ map_ffs:
+ dfflegalize -cell $_DFF_P_ 0
+
+ map_luts:
+ abc -lut 4 -dress
+ clean
+
+ map_cells:
+ techmap -map +/machxo2/cells_map.v
+ clean
+
+ check:
+ hierarchy -check
+ stat
+ blackbox =A:whitebox
+
+ blif:
+ opt_clean -purge (vpr mode)
+ write_blif -attr -cname -conn -param <file-name> (vpr mode)
+ write_blif -gates -attr -param <file-name> (non-vpr mode)
+
+ edif:
+ write_edif <file-name>
+
+ json:
+ write_json <file-name>
+\end{lstlisting}
+
+\section{synth\_nexus -- synthesis for Lattice Nexus FPGAs}
+\label{cmd:synth_nexus}
+\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
+ synth_nexus [options]
+
+This command runs synthesis for Lattice Nexus FPGAs.
+
+ -top <module>
+ use the specified module as top module
+
+ -family <device>
+ run synthesis for the specified Nexus device
+ supported values: lifcl, lfd2nx
+
+ -json <file>
+ write the design to the specified JSON file. writing of an output file
+ is omitted if this parameter is not specified.
+
+ -vm <file>
+ write the design to the specified structural Verilog file. writing of
+ an output file is omitted if this parameter is not specified.
+
+ -run <from_label>:<to_label>
+ only run the commands between the labels (see below). an empty
+ from label is synonymous to 'begin', and empty to label is
+ synonymous to the end of the command list.
+
+ -noflatten
+ do not flatten design before synthesis
+
+ -dff
+ run 'abc'/'abc9' with -dff option
+
+ -retime
+ run 'abc' with '-dff -D 1' options
+
+ -noccu2
+ do not use CCU2 cells in output netlist
+
+ -nodffe
+ do not use flipflops with CE in output netlist
+
+ -nolram
+ do not use large RAM cells in output netlist
+ note that large RAM must be explicitly requested with a (* lram *)
+ attribute on the memory.
+
+ -nobram
+ do not use block RAM cells in output netlist
+
+ -nolutram
+ do not use LUT RAM cells in output netlist
+
+ -nowidelut
+ do not use PFU muxes to implement LUTs larger than LUT4s
+
+ -noiopad
+ do not insert IO buffers
+
+ -nodsp
+ do not infer DSP multipliers
+
+ -abc9
+ use new ABC9 flow (EXPERIMENTAL)
+
+The following commands are executed by this synthesis command:
+
+ begin:
+ read_verilog -lib -specify +/nexus/cells_sim.v +/nexus/cells_xtra.v
+ hierarchy -check -top <top>
+
+ coarse:
+ proc
+ flatten
+ tribuf -logic
+ deminout
+ opt_expr
+ opt_clean
+ check
+ opt -nodffe -nosdff
+ fsm
+ opt
+ wreduce
+ peepopt
+ opt_clean
+ share
+ techmap -map +/cmp2lut.v -D LUT_WIDTH=4
+ opt_expr
+ opt_clean
+ techmap -map +/mul2dsp.v [...] (unless -nodsp)
+ techmap -map +/nexus/dsp_map.v (unless -nodsp)
+ alumacc
+ opt
+ memory -nomap
+ opt_clean
+
+ map_lram: (skip if -nolram)
+ memory_bram -rules +/nexus/lrams.txt
+ setundef -zero -params t:$__NX_PDPSC512K
+ techmap -map +/nexus/lrams_map.v
+
+ map_bram: (skip if -nobram)
+ memory_bram -rules +/nexus/brams.txt
+ setundef -zero -params t:$__NX_PDP16K
+ techmap -map +/nexus/brams_map.v
+
+ map_lutram: (skip if -nolutram)
+ memory_bram -rules +/nexus/lutrams.txt
+ setundef -zero -params t:$__NEXUS_DPR16X4
+ techmap -map +/nexus/lutrams_map.v
+
+ map_ffram:
+ opt -fast -mux_undef -undriven -fine
+ memory_map -iattr -attr !ram_block -attr !rom_block -attr logic_block -attr syn_ramstyle=auto -attr syn_ramstyle=registers -attr syn_romstyle=auto -attr syn_romstyle=logic
+ opt -undriven -fine
+
+ map_gates:
+ techmap -map +/techmap.v -map +/nexus/arith_map.v
+ iopadmap -bits -outpad OB I:O -inpad IB O:I -toutpad $__NX_TOUTPAD OE:I:O -tinoutpad $__NX_TINOUTPAD OE:O:I:B A:top (skip if '-noiopad')
+ opt -fast
+ abc -dff -D 1 (only if -retime)
+
+ map_ffs:
+ opt_clean
+ dfflegalize -cell $_DFF_P_ 01 -cell $_DFF_PP?_ r -cell $_SDFF_PP?_ r -cell $_DLATCH_?_ x [-cell $_DFFE_PP_ 01 -cell $_DFFE_PP?P_ r -cell $_SDFFE_PP?P_ r] ($_*DFFE_* only if not -nodffe)
+ zinit -all w:* t:$_DFF_?_ t:$_DFFE_??_ t:$_SDFF* (only if -abc9 and -dff
+ techmap -D NO_LUT -map +/nexus/cells_map.v
+ opt_expr -undriven -mux_undef
+ simplemap
+ attrmvcp -copy -attr syn_useioff
+ opt_clean
+
+ map_luts:
+ techmap -map +/nexus/latches_map.v
+ abc -dress -lut 4:5
+ clean
+
+ map_cells:
+ techmap -map +/nexus/cells_map.v
+ setundef -zero
+ hilomap -singleton -hicell VHI Z -locell VLO Z
+ clean
+
+ check:
+ autoname
+ hierarchy -check
+ stat
+ check -noinit
+ blackbox =A:whitebox
+
+ json:
+ write_json <file-name>
+
+ vm:
+ write_verilog <file-name>
+\end{lstlisting}
+
+\section{synth\_quicklogic -- Synthesis for QuickLogic FPGAs}
+\label{cmd:synth_quicklogic}
+\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
+ synth_quicklogic [options]
+This command runs synthesis for QuickLogic FPGAs
+
+ -top <module>
+ use the specified module as top module
+
+ -family <family>
+ run synthesis for the specified QuickLogic architecture
+ generate the synthesis netlist for the specified family.
+ supported values:
+ - pp3: PolarPro 3
+
+ -blif <file>
+ write the design to the specified BLIF file. writing of an output file
+ is omitted if this parameter is not specified.
+
+ -verilog <file>
+ write the design to the specified verilog file. writing of an output file
+ is omitted if this parameter is not specified.
+
+ -abc
+ use old ABC flow, which has generally worse mapping results but is less
+ likely to have bugs.
+
+The following commands are executed by this synthesis command:
+
+ begin:
+ read_verilog -lib -specify +/quicklogic/cells_sim.v +/quicklogic/pp3_cells_sim.v
+ read_verilog -lib -specify +/quicklogic/lut_sim.v
+ hierarchy -check -top <top>
+
+ coarse:
+ proc
+ flatten
+ tribuf -logic
+ deminout
+ opt_expr
+ opt_clean
+ check
+ opt -nodffe -nosdff
+ fsm
+ opt
+ wreduce
+ peepopt
+ opt_clean
+ share
+ techmap -map +/cmp2lut.v -D LUT_WIDTH=4
+ opt_expr
+ opt_clean
+ alumacc
+ pmuxtree
+ opt
+ memory -nomap
+ opt_clean
+
+ map_ffram:
+ opt -fast -mux_undef -undriven -fine
+ memory_map -iattr -attr !ram_block -attr !rom_block -attr logic_block -attr syn_ramstyle=auto -attr syn_ramstyle=registers -attr syn_romstyle=auto -attr syn_romstyle=logic
+ opt -undriven -fine
+
+ map_gates:
+ techmap
+ opt -fast
+ muxcover -mux8 -mux4
+
+ map_ffs:
+ opt_expr
+ dfflegalize -cell $_DFFSRE_PPPP_ 0 -cell $_DLATCH_?_ x
+ techmap -map +/quicklogic/pp3_cells_map.v -map +/quicklogic/pp3_ffs_map.v
+ opt_expr -mux_undef
+
+ map_luts:
+ techmap -map +/quicklogic/pp3_latches_map.v
+ read_verilog -lib -specify -icells +/quicklogic/abc9_model.v
+ techmap -map +/quicklogic/abc9_map.v
+ abc9 -maxlut 4 -dff
+ techmap -map +/quicklogic/abc9_unmap.v
+ clean
+
+ map_cells:
+ techmap -map +/quicklogic/pp3_lut_map.v
+ clean
+
+ check:
+ autoname
+ hierarchy -check
+ stat
+ check -noinit
+
+ iomap:
+ clkbufmap -inpad ckpad Q:P
+ iopadmap -bits -outpad outpad A:P -inpad inpad Q:P -tinoutpad bipad EN:Q:A:P A:top
+
+ finalize:
+ setundef -zero -params -undriven
+ hilomap -hicell logic_1 A -locell logic_0 A -singleton A:top
+ opt_clean -purge
+ check
+ blackbox =A:whitebox
+
+ blif:
+ write_blif -attr -param -auto-top
+
+ verilog:
+\end{lstlisting}
+
+\section{synth\_sf2 -- synthesis for SmartFusion2 and IGLOO2 FPGAs}
+\label{cmd:synth_sf2}
+\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
+ synth_sf2 [options]
+
+This command runs synthesis for SmartFusion2 and IGLOO2 FPGAs.
+
+ -top <module>
+ use the specified module as top module
+
+ -edif <file>
+ write the design to the specified EDIF file. writing of an output file
+ is omitted if this parameter is not specified.
+
+ -vlog <file>
+ write the design to the specified Verilog file. writing of an output file
+ is omitted if this parameter is not specified.
+
+ -json <file>
+ write the design to the specified JSON file. writing of an output file
+ is omitted if this parameter is not specified.
+
+ -run <from_label>:<to_label>
+ only run the commands between the labels (see below). an empty
+ from label is synonymous to 'begin', and empty to label is
+ synonymous to the end of the command list.
+
+ -noflatten
+ do not flatten design before synthesis
+
+ -noiobs
+ run synthesis in "block mode", i.e. do not insert IO buffers
+
+ -clkbuf
+ insert direct PAD->global_net buffers
+
+ -retime
+ run 'abc' with '-dff -D 1' options
+
+
+The following commands are executed by this synthesis command:
+
+ begin:
+ read_verilog -lib +/sf2/cells_sim.v
+ hierarchy -check -top <top>
+
+ flatten: (unless -noflatten)
+ proc
+ flatten
+ tribuf -logic
+ deminout
+
+ coarse:
+ synth -run coarse
fine:
opt -fast -mux_undef -undriven -fine
abc -dff -D 1 (only if -retime)
map_ffs:
+ dfflegalize -cell $_DFFE_PN?P_ x -cell $_SDFFCE_PN?P_ x -cell $_DLATCH_PN?_ x
techmap -D NO_LUT -map +/sf2/cells_map.v
opt_expr -mux_undef
simplemap
clean
map_iobs:
- sf2_iobs [-clkbuf] (unless -noiobs)
+ clkbufmap -buf CLKINT Y:A [-inpad CLKBUF Y:PAD] (unless -noiobs, -inpad only passed if -clkbuf)
+ iopadmap -bits -inpad INBUF Y:PAD -outpad OUTBUF D:PAD -toutpad TRIBUFF E:D:PAD -tinoutpad BIBUF E:Y:D:PAD (unless -noiobs
clean
check:
hierarchy -check
stat
check -noinit
+ blackbox =A:whitebox
edif:
write_edif -gndvccy <file-name>
write the design to the specified BLIF file. writing of an output file
is omitted if this parameter is not specified.
- -vpr
- generate an output netlist (and BLIF file) suitable for VPR
- (this feature is experimental and incomplete)
-
-ise
generate an output netlist suitable for ISE
opt_expr
opt_clean
check
+ opt -nodffe -nosdff
+ fsm
opt
wreduce [-keepdc] (option for '-widemux')
peepopt
alumacc
share
opt
- fsm
- opt -fast
memory -nomap
opt_clean
techmap -map +/xilinx/lutrams_map.v
map_ffram:
- simplemap t:$dff t:$adff t:$mux
- dff2dffs [-match-init] (-match-init for xc6s only)
opt -fast -full
memory_map
fine:
- dff2dffe -direct-match $_DFF_* -direct-match $__DFFS_*
- muxcover <internal options> ('-widemux' only)
+ simplemap t:$mux ('-widemux' only)
+ muxcover <internal options> ('-widemux' only)
opt -full
xilinx_srl -variable -minlen 3 (skip if '-nosrl')
techmap -map +/techmap.v -D LUT_SIZE=[46] [-map +/xilinx/mux_map.v] -map +/xilinx/arith_map.v
clean
map_ffs:
- techmap -map +/xilinx/{family}_ff_map.v ('-abc9' only)
+ dfflegalize -cell $_DFFE_?P?P_ 01 -cell $_SDFFE_?P?P_ 01 -cell $_DLATCH_?P?_ 01 (for xc6v, xc7, xcu, xcup)
+ zinit -all w:* t:$_SDFFE_* ('-dff' only)
+ techmap -map +/xilinx/ff_map.v ('-abc9' only)
map_luts:
- opt_expr -mux_undef
- abc -luts 2:2,3,6:5[,10,20] [-dff] [-D 1] (option for 'nowidelut', '-dff', '-retime')
+ opt_expr -mux_undef -noclkinv
+ abc -luts 2:2,3,6:5[,10,20] [-dff] [-D 1] (option for '-nowidelut', '-dff', '-retime')
clean
+ techmap -map +/xilinx/ff_map.v (only if not '-abc9')
xilinx_srl -fixed -minlen 3 (skip if '-nosrl')
- techmap -map +/xilinx/lut_map.v -map +/xilinx/cells_map.v -map +/xilinx/{family}_ff_map.v -D LUT_WIDTH=[46]
+ techmap -map +/xilinx/lut_map.v -map +/xilinx/cells_map.v -D LUT_WIDTH=[46]
xilinx_dffopt [-lut4]
opt_lut_ins -tech xilinx
hierarchy -check
stat -tech xilinx
check -noinit
+ blackbox =A:whitebox
edif:
write_edif -pvector bra
techmap [-map filename] [selection]
This pass implements a very simple technology mapper that replaces cells in
-the design with implementations given in form of a Verilog or ilang source
+the design with implementations given in form of a Verilog or RTLIL source
file.
-map filename
When a module in the map file has the 'techmap_celltype' attribute set, it will
match cells with a type that match the text value of this attribute. Otherwise
-the module name will be used to match the cell.
+the module name will be used to match the cell. Multiple space-separated cell
+types can be listed, and wildcards using [] will be expanded (ie. "$_DFF_[PN]_"
+is the same as "$_DFF_P_ $_DFF_N_").
When a module in the map file has the 'techmap_simplemap' attribute set, techmap
will use 'simplemap' (see 'help simplemap') to map cells matching the module.
When a parameter with this name exists, it will be set to the type name
of the cell that matches the module.
+ _TECHMAP_CELLNAME_
+ When a parameter with this name exists, it will be set to the name
+ of the cell that matches the module.
+
_TECHMAP_CONSTMSK_<port-name>_
_TECHMAP_CONSTVAL_<port-name>_
When this pair of parameters is available in a module for a port, then
-s {positive_integer}
use this value as rng seed value (default = unix time).
- -f {ilang_file}
- don't generate circuits. instead load the specified ilang file.
+ -f {rtlil_file}
+ don't generate circuits. instead load the specified RTLIL file.
-w {filename_prefix}
don't test anything. just generate the circuits and write them
- to ilang files with the specified prefix
+ to RTLIL files with the specified prefix
-map {filename}
pass this option to techmap.
Like -sv, but define FORMAL instead of SYNTHESIS.
- verific {-vhdl87|-vhdl93|-vhdl2k|-vhdl2008|-vhdl} <vhdl-file>..
+ verific {-f|-F} <command-file>
+
+Load and execute the specified command file.
+
+Command file parser supports following commands:
+ +define - defines macro
+ -u - upper case all identifier (makes Verilog parser case insensitive)
+ -v - register library name (file)
+ -y - register library name (directory)
+ +incdir - specify include dir
+ +libext - specify library extension
+ +liborder - add library in ordered list
+ +librescan - unresolved modules will be always searched starting with the first
+ library specified by -y/-v options.
+ -f/-file - nested -f option
+ -F - nested -F option
-Load the specified VHDL files into Verific.
+ parse mode:
+ -ams
+ +systemverilogext
+ +v2k
+ +verilog1995ext
+ +verilog2001ext
+ -sverilog
verific [-work <libname>] {-sv|-vhdl|...} <hdl-file>
Dump the Verific netlist as a verilog file.
+ verific [-work <libname>] -pp [options] <filename> [<module>]..
+
+Pretty print design (or just module) to the specified file from the
+specified library. (default library when -work is not present: "work")
+
+Pretty print options:
+
+ -verilog
+ Save output for Verilog/SystemVerilog design modules (default).
+
+ -vhdl
+ Save output for VHDL design units.
+
+
+ verific -app <application>..
+
+Execute YosysHQ formal application on loaded Verilog files.
+
+Application options:
+
+ -module <module>
+ Run formal application only on specified module.
+
+ -blacklist <filename[:lineno]>
+ Do not run application on modules from files that match the filename
+ or filename and line number if provided in such format.
+ Parameter can also contain comma separated list of file locations.
+
+ -blfile <file>
+ Do not run application on locations specified in file, they can represent filename
+ or filename and location in file.
+
+Applications:
+
+ WARNING: Applications only available in commercial build.
+
+
+ verific -template <name> <top_module>..
+
+Generate template for specified top module of loaded design.
+
+Template options:
+
+ -out
+ Specifies output file for generated template, by default output is stdout
+
+ -chparam name value
+ Generate template using this parameter value. Otherwise default parameter
+ values will be used for templat generate functionality. This option
+ can be specified multiple times to override multiple parameters.
+ String values must be passed in double quotes (").
+
+Templates:
+
+ WARNING: Templates only available in commercial build.
+
Use YosysHQ Tabby CAD Suite if you need Yosys+Verific.
-https://www.yosyshq.com/\n");
+https://www.yosyshq.com/
Contact office@yosyshq.com for free evaluation
binaries of YosysHQ Tabby CAD Suite.
-i <filename>
Create additional info file with auxiliary information
+
+ -x
+ Output symbols for internal netnames (starting with '$')
\end{lstlisting}
\section{write\_cxxrtl -- convert design to C++ RTL simulation}
\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
write_cxxrtl [options] [filename]
-Write C++ code for simulating the design. The generated code requires a driver;
-the following simple driver is provided as an example:
+Write C++ code that simulates the design. The generated code requires a driver
+that instantiates the design, toggles its clock, and interacts with its ports.
+
+The following driver may be used as an example for a design with a single clock
+driving rising edge triggered flip-flops:
#include "top.cc"
int main() {
cxxrtl_design::p_top top;
+ top.step();
while (1) {
- top.p_clk.next = value<1> {1u};
+ /* user logic */
+ top.p_clk.set(false);
top.step();
- top.p_clk.next = value<1> {0u};
+ top.p_clk.set(true);
top.step();
}
}
+Note that CXXRTL simulations, just like the hardware they are simulating, are
+subject to race conditions. If, in the example above, the user logic would run
+simultaneously with the rising edge of the clock, the design would malfunction.
+
+This backend supports replacing parts of the design with black boxes implemented
+in C++. If a module marked as a CXXRTL black box, its implementation is ignored,
+and the generated code consists only of an interface and a factory function.
+The driver must implement the factory function that creates an implementation of
+the black box, taking into account the parameters it is instantiated with.
+
+For example, the following Verilog code defines a CXXRTL black box interface for
+a synchronous debug sink:
+
+ (* cxxrtl_blackbox *)
+ module debug(...);
+ (* cxxrtl_edge = "p" *) input clk;
+ input en;
+ input [7:0] i_data;
+ (* cxxrtl_sync *) output [7:0] o_data;
+ endmodule
+
+For this HDL interface, this backend will generate the following C++ interface:
+
+ struct bb_p_debug : public module {
+ value<1> p_clk;
+ bool posedge_p_clk() const { /* ... */ }
+ value<1> p_en;
+ value<8> p_i_data;
+ wire<8> p_o_data;
+
+ bool eval() override;
+ bool commit() override;
+
+ static std::unique_ptr<bb_p_debug>
+ create(std::string name, metadata_map parameters, metadata_map attributes);
+ };
+
+The `create' function must be implemented by the driver. For example, it could
+always provide an implementation logging the values to standard error stream:
+
+ namespace cxxrtl_design {
+
+ struct stderr_debug : public bb_p_debug {
+ bool eval() override {
+ if (posedge_p_clk() && p_en)
+ fprintf(stderr, "debug: %02x\n", p_i_data.data[0]);
+ p_o_data.next = p_i_data;
+ return bb_p_debug::eval();
+ }
+ };
+
+ std::unique_ptr<bb_p_debug>
+ bb_p_debug::create(std::string name, cxxrtl::metadata_map parameters,
+ cxxrtl::metadata_map attributes) {
+ return std::make_unique<stderr_debug>();
+ }
+
+ }
+
+For complex applications of black boxes, it is possible to parameterize their
+port widths. For example, the following Verilog code defines a CXXRTL black box
+interface for a configurable width debug sink:
+
+ (* cxxrtl_blackbox, cxxrtl_template = "WIDTH" *)
+ module debug(...);
+ parameter WIDTH = 8;
+ (* cxxrtl_edge = "p" *) input clk;
+ input en;
+ (* cxxrtl_width = "WIDTH" *) input [WIDTH - 1:0] i_data;
+ (* cxxrtl_width = "WIDTH" *) output [WIDTH - 1:0] o_data;
+ endmodule
+
+For this parametric HDL interface, this backend will generate the following C++
+interface (only the differences are shown):
+
+ template<size_t WIDTH>
+ struct bb_p_debug : public module {
+ // ...
+ value<WIDTH> p_i_data;
+ wire<WIDTH> p_o_data;
+ // ...
+ static std::unique_ptr<bb_p_debug<WIDTH>>
+ create(std::string name, metadata_map parameters, metadata_map attributes);
+ };
+
+The `create' function must be implemented by the driver, specialized for every
+possible combination of template parameters. (Specialization is necessary to
+enable separate compilation of generated code and black box implementations.)
+
+ template<size_t SIZE>
+ struct stderr_debug : public bb_p_debug<SIZE> {
+ // ...
+ };
+
+ template<>
+ std::unique_ptr<bb_p_debug<8>>
+ bb_p_debug<8>::create(std::string name, cxxrtl::metadata_map parameters,
+ cxxrtl::metadata_map attributes) {
+ return std::make_unique<stderr_debug<8>>();
+ }
+
+The following attributes are recognized by this backend:
+
+ cxxrtl_blackbox
+ only valid on modules. if specified, the module contents are ignored,
+ and the generated code includes only the module interface and a factory
+ function, which will be called to instantiate the module.
+
+ cxxrtl_edge
+ only valid on inputs of black boxes. must be one of "p", "n", "a".
+ if specified on signal `clk`, the generated code includes edge detectors
+ `posedge_p_clk()` (if "p"), `negedge_p_clk()` (if "n"), or both (if
+ "a"), simplifying implementation of clocked black boxes.
+
+ cxxrtl_template
+ only valid on black boxes. must contain a space separated sequence of
+ identifiers that have a corresponding black box parameters. for each
+ of them, the generated code includes a `size_t` template parameter.
+
+ cxxrtl_width
+ only valid on ports of black boxes. must be a constant expression, which
+ is directly inserted into generated code.
+
+ cxxrtl_comb, cxxrtl_sync
+ only valid on outputs of black boxes. if specified, indicates that every
+ bit of the output port is driven, correspondingly, by combinatorial or
+ synchronous logic. this knowledge is used for scheduling optimizations.
+ if neither is specified, the output will be pessimistically treated as
+ driven by both combinatorial and synchronous logic.
+
The following options are supported by this backend:
+ -print-wire-types, -print-debug-wire-types
+ enable additional debug logging, for pass developers.
+
+ -header
+ generate separate interface (.h) and implementation (.cc) files.
+ if specified, the backend must be called with a filename, and filename
+ of the interface is derived from filename of the implementation.
+ otherwise, interface and implementation are generated together.
+
+ -namespace <ns-name>
+ place the generated code into namespace <ns-name>. if not specified,
+ "cxxrtl_design" is used.
+
+ -nohierarchy
+ use design hierarchy as-is. in most designs, a top module should be
+ present as it is exposed through the C API and has unbuffered outputs
+ for improved performance; it will be determined automatically if absent.
+
+ -noflatten
+ don't flatten the design. fully flattened designs can evaluate within
+ one delta cycle if they have no combinatorial feedback.
+ note that the debug interface and waveform dumps use full hierarchical
+ names for all wires even in flattened designs.
+
+ -noproc
+ don't convert processes to netlists. in most designs, converting
+ processes significantly improves evaluation performance at the cost of
+ slight increase in compilation time.
+
-O <level>
- set the optimization level. the default is -O5. higher optimization
+ set the optimization level. the default is -O6. higher optimization
levels dramatically decrease compile and run time, and highest level
possible for a design should be used.
no optimization.
-O1
- elide internal wires if possible.
+ unbuffer internal wires if possible.
-O2
like -O1, and localize internal wires if possible.
-O3
- like -O2, and elide public wires not marked (*keep*) if possible.
+ like -O2, and inline internal wires if possible.
-O4
- like -O3, and localize public wires not marked (*keep*) if possible.
+ like -O3, and unbuffer public wires not marked (*keep*) if possible.
-O5
- like -O4, and run `splitnets -driver; opt_clean -purge` first.
+ like -O4, and localize public wires not marked (*keep*) if possible.
+
+ -O6
+ like -O5, and inline public wires not marked (*keep*) if possible.
+
+ -g <level>
+ set the debug level. the default is -g4. higher debug levels provide
+ more visibility and generate more code, but do not pessimize evaluation.
+
+ -g0
+ no debug information. the C API is disabled.
+
+ -g1
+ include bare minimum of debug information necessary to access all design
+ state. the C API is enabled.
+
+ -g2
+ like -g1, but include debug information for all public wires that are
+ directly accessible through the C++ interface.
+
+ -g3
+ like -g2, and include debug information for public wires that are tied
+ to a constant or another public wire.
+
+ -g4
+ like -g3, and compute debug information on demand for all public wires
+ that were optimized out.
\end{lstlisting}
\section{write\_edif -- write design to EDIF netlist file}
-attrprop
create EDIF properties for cell attributes
+ -keep
+ create extra KEEP nets by allowing a cell to drive multiple nets.
+
-pvector {par|bra|ang}
sets the delimiting character for module port rename clauses to
parentheses, square brackets, or angle brackets.
pmuxtree
\end{lstlisting}
-\section{write\_ilang -- write design to ilang file}
+\section{write\_ilang -- (deprecated) alias of write\_rtlil}
\label{cmd:write_ilang}
\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
- write_ilang [filename]
-
-Write the current design to an 'ilang' file. (ilang is a text representation
-of a design in yosys's internal format.)
-
- -selected
- only write selected parts of the design.
+See `help write_rtlil`.
\end{lstlisting}
\section{write\_intersynth -- write design to InterSynth netlist file}
do not generate celltypes and conntypes commands. i.e. just output
the netlists. this is used for postsilicon synthesis.
- -lib <verilog_or_ilang_file>
+ -lib <verilog_or_rtlil_file>
Use the specified library file for determining whether cell ports are
inputs or outputs. This option can be used multiple times to specify
more than one library.
The general syntax of the JSON output created by this command is as follows:
{
+ "creator": "Yosys <version info>",
"modules": {
<module_name>: {
+ "attributes": {
+ <attribute_name>: <attribute_value>,
+ ...
+ },
+ "parameter_default_values": {
+ <parameter_name>: <parameter_value>,
+ ...
+ },
"ports": {
<port_name>: <port_details>,
...
<cell_name>: <cell_details>,
...
},
+ "memories": {
+ <memory_name>: <memory_details>,
+ ...
+ },
"netnames": {
<net_name>: <net_details>,
...
{
"direction": <"input" | "output" | "inout">,
"bits": <bit_vector>
+ "offset": <the lowest bit index in use, if non-0>
+ "upto": <1 if the port bit indexing is MSB-first>
}
-And <cell_details> is:
+The "offset" and "upto" fields are skipped if their value would be 0.They don't affect connection semantics, and are only used to preserve originalHDL bit indexing.And <cell_details> is:
{
"hide_name": <1 | 0>,
"type": <cell_type>,
+ "model": <AIG model name, if -aig option used>,
"parameters": {
<parameter_name>: <parameter_value>,
...
},
}
+And <memory_details> is:
+
+ {
+ "hide_name": <1 | 0>,
+ "attributes": {
+ <attribute_name>: <attribute_value>,
+ ...
+ },
+ "width": <memory width>
+ "start_offset": <the lowest valid memory address>
+ "size": <memory size>
+ }
+
And <net_details> is:
{
"hide_name": <1 | 0>,
"bits": <bit_vector>
+ "offset": <the lowest bit index in use, if non-0>
+ "upto": <1 if the port bit indexing is MSB-first>
}
The "hide_name" fields are set to 1 when the name of this cell or net is
Translates to the following JSON output:
{
+ "creator": "Yosys 0.9+2406 (git sha1 fb1168d8, clang 9.0.1 -fPIC -Os)",
"modules": {
"test": {
+ "attributes": {
+ "cells_not_processed": "00000000000000000000000000000001",
+ "src": "test.v:1.1-4.10"
+ },
"ports": {
"x": {
"direction": "input",
"hide_name": 0,
"type": "foo",
"parameters": {
- "Q": 1337,
- "P": 42
+ "P": "00000000000000000000000000101010",
+ "Q": "00000000000000000000010100111001"
},
"attributes": {
- "keep": 1,
- "src": "test.v:2"
+ "keep": "00000000000000000000000000000001",
+ "module_not_derived": "00000000000000000000000000000001",
+ "src": "test.v:3.1-3.55"
},
"connections": {
- "C": [ 2, 2, 2, 2, "0", "1", "0", "1" ],
+ "A": [ 3, 2 ],
"B": [ 2, 3 ],
- "A": [ 3, 2 ]
+ "C": [ 2, 2, 2, 2, "0", "1", "0", "1" ]
}
}
},
"netnames": {
- "y": {
+ "x": {
"hide_name": 0,
- "bits": [ 3 ],
+ "bits": [ 2 ],
"attributes": {
- "src": "test.v:1"
+ "src": "test.v:1.19-1.20"
}
},
- "x": {
+ "y": {
"hide_name": 0,
- "bits": [ 2 ],
+ "bits": [ 3 ],
"attributes": {
- "src": "test.v:1"
+ "src": "test.v:1.22-1.23"
}
}
}
format. A program processing this format must ignore all unknown fields.
\end{lstlisting}
+\section{write\_rtlil -- write design to RTLIL file}
+\label{cmd:write_rtlil}
+\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
+ write_rtlil [filename]
+
+Write the current design to an RTLIL file. (RTLIL is a text representation
+of a design in yosys's internal format.)
+
+ -selected
+ only write selected parts of the design.
+\end{lstlisting}
+
\section{write\_simplec -- convert design to simple C code}
\label{cmd:write_simplec}
\begin{lstlisting}[numbers=left,frame=single]
use the given template file. the line containing only the token '%%'
is replaced with the regular output of this command.
+ -solver-option <option> <value>
+ emit a `; yosys-smt2-solver-option` directive for yosys-smtbmc to write
+ the given option as a `(set-option ...)` command in the SMT-LIBv2.
+
[1] For more information on SMT-LIBv2 visit http://smt-lib.org/ or read David
-R. Cok's tutorial: http://www.grammatech.com/resources/smt/SMTLIBTutorial.pdf
+R. Cok's tutorial: https://smtlib.github.io/jSMTLIB/SMTLIBTutorial.pdf
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-pos net_name
set the net name for constant 1 (default: Vdd)
+ -buf DC|subckt_name
+ set the name for jumper element (default: DC)
+ (used to connect different nets)
+
-nc_prefix
prefix for not-connected nets (default: _NC)
Write the current design to a Verilog file.
+ -sv
+ with this option, SystemVerilog constructs like always_comb are used
+
-norename
without this option all internal object names (the ones with a dollar
instead of a backslash prefix) are changed to short names in the
deactivates this feature and instead will write string constants
as binary numbers.
+ -simple-lhs
+ Connection assignments with simple left hand side without concatenations.
+
-extmem
instead of initializing memories using assignments to individual
elements, use the '$readmemh' function to read initialization data
write_xaiger [options] [filename]
Write the top module (according to the (* top *) attribute or if only one module
-is currently selected) to an XAIGER file. Any non $_NOT_, $_AND_, $_ABC9_FF_, ornon (* abc9_box_id *) cells will be converted into psuedo-inputs and
-pseudo-outputs. Whitebox contents will be taken from the '<module-name>$holes'
-module, if it exists.
+is currently selected) to an XAIGER file. Any non $_NOT_, $_AND_, (optionally
+$_DFF_N_, $_DFF_P_), or non (* abc9_box *) cells will be converted into psuedo-
+inputs and pseudo-outputs. Whitebox contents will be taken from the equivalent
+module in the '$abc9_holes' design, if it exists.
-ascii
write ASCII version of AIGER format
-map <filename>
write an extra file with port and box symbols
+
+ -dff
+ write $_DFF_[NP]_ cells
\end{lstlisting}
\section{xilinx\_dffopt -- Xilinx: optimize FF control signal usage}
projects / yosys.git / commitdiff