+Sat Aug 7 09:14:21 1993 David J. Mackenzie (djm@thepub.cygnus.com)
+
+ * PORTING, TODO, config/README: Update to reflect below changes.
+
+ * configure.in: Replace MINIMIZE and --with-minimal-bfd with
+ --with-bfd-targets="target1,target2,..." and the special target
+ "all" to get the previous default behavior.
+ Figure out which architecture and backend .o files are needed from
+ DEFAULT_VECTOR, SELECT_VECS, and SELECT_ARCHITECTURES as set in
+ the .mt files. Define TDEFAULTS based on them, also.
+
+ * Makefile.in: Remove references to MINIMIZE.
+ * archures.c, targets.c: Ditto.
+
+ * config/*.mt: Define DEFAULT_VECTOR, SELECT_VECS, and
+ SELECT_ARCHITECTURES as variables rather than as -D arguments to
+ TDEFAULTS.
+
+ * config/a29k-coff.mt,alphaosf.mt, i386-sco.mt, i960-bout.mt,
+ i960-coff.mt (TDEFAULTS): Don't put the default vector in
+ SELECT_VECS manually; it's automatic now.
+
+ * config/i386-sco.mt (TDEFAULTS): Don't put &sco_core_vec in
+ SELECT_VECS manually; -DSCO_CORE does it automatically now.
+
+ * config/h8300-coff.mt,h8500-coff.mt,sh-coff.mt,st2000.mt,z8k-coff.mt
+ (TDEFAULTS): Don't define BFD; not used.
+
+ * config/hppaosf.mh (HDEFINES): Don't define SELECT_ARCHITECTURES;
+ this is a host, not a target.
+
Sat Aug 7 05:28:03 1993 Fred Fish (fnf@deneb.cygnus.com)
* elfcode.h (elf_object_p): Add comment about what this function
* config/i386isc.mh (ALLOCA),
* config/go32.mh (EXTRALIBS): Don't define; not used.
* config/solaris2.mh (HDEFINES): Renamed from H_DEFINES.
- * config/alphaosf.mt (TDEFINES): alphaosf.mt: Set it, not HDEFINES.
+ * config/alphaosf.mt (TDEFINES): Set it, not HDEFINES.
* config/z8k-coff.mt (CC): Don't define. It's a target, not a host.
* config/.Sanitize (Things-to-keep): Add README.
# These are defined by configure.in:
# WORDSIZE=32
# BFD_BACKENDS = $(BFD32_BACKENDS)
-# Change this (to MINIMIZE=1) to save space in executables.
-# Currently, all this does is control the target_vector in targets.c.
-# MINIMIZE=0
all:
# Various kinds of .o files to put in libbfd.a:
# BFD_LIBS Generic routines, always needed.
-# BFD_BACKENDS Routines the target needs if it is the configured target.
-# BFD_MACHINES Architecture-specific routines in cpu-*.o.
-# Always set to ALL_MACHINES for now.
+# BFD_BACKENDS Routines the configured targets need.
+# BFD_MACHINES Architecture-specific routines the configured targets need.
# HDEPFILES Routines the host needs, regardless of target.
# TDEPFILES Routines the target needs, regardless of host.
OFILES = $(BFD_LIBS) $(BFD_BACKENDS) $(BFD_MACHINES) $(HDEPFILES) $(TDEPFILES)
targets.o: targets.c Makefile
- $(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) $(HDEFINES) $(TDEFINES) $(CSEARCH) $(CSWITCHES) -DMINIMIZE=$(MINIMIZE) $(TDEFAULTS) $<
+ $(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) $(HDEFINES) $(TDEFINES) $(CSEARCH) $(CSWITCHES) $(TDEFAULTS) $<
archures.o: archures.c Makefile
- $(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) $(HDEFINES) $(TDEFINES) $(CSEARCH) $(CSWITCHES) -DMINIMIZE=$(MINIMIZE) $(TDEFAULTS) $<
+ $(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) $(HDEFINES) $(TDEFINES) $(CSEARCH) $(CSWITCHES) $(TDEFAULTS) $<
subdir_do: force
@for i in $(DODIRS); do \
--- /dev/null
+ Preliminary Notes on Porting BFD
+ --------------------------------
+
+The 'host' is the system a tool runs *on*.
+The 'target' is the system a tool runs *for*, i.e.
+a tool can read/write the binaries of the target.
+
+Porting to a new host
+---------------------
+Pick a name for your host. Call that <host>.
+(<host> might be sun4, ...)
+Create a file hosts/h-<host>.
+
+Porting to a new target
+-----------------------
+Pick a name for your target. Call that <target>.
+You need to create <target>.c and config/mt-<target>.
+
+config/mt-<target> is a Makefile fragment.
+The following is usually enough:
+DEFAULT_VECTOR=<target>_vec
+SELECT_ARCHITECTURES=bfd_<cpu>_arch
+
+See the list of cpu types in archures.c, or "ls cpu-*.c".
+
+The file <target>.c is the hard part. It implements the
+bfd_target <target>_vec, which includes pointers to
+functions that do the actual <target>-specific methods.
+
+Porting to a <target> that uses the a.out binary format
+-------------------------------------------------------
+
+In this case, the include file aout-target.h probaby does most
+of what you need. The program gen-aout generates <target>.c for
+you automatically for many a.out systems. Do:
+ make gen-aout
+ ./gen-aout <target> > <target>.c
+(This only works if you are building on the target ("native").
+If you must make a cross-port from scratch, copy the most
+similar existing file that includes aout-target.h, and fix what is wrong.)
+
+Check the parameters in <target>.c, and fix anything that is wrong.
+(Also let us know about it; perhaps we can improve gen-aout.c.)
+
+TARGET_IS_BIG_ENDIAN_P
+ Should be defined if <target> is big-endian.
+
+N_HEADER_IN_TEXT(x)
+ See discussion in ../include/aout/aout32.h.
+
+BYTES_IN_WORD
+ Number of bytes per word. (Usually 4 but can be 8.)
+
+ARCH
+ Number of bits per word. (Usually 32, but can be 64.)
+
+ENTRY_CAN_BE_ZERO
+ Define if the extry point (start address of an
+ executable program) can be 0x0.
+
+TEXT_START_ADDR
+ The address of the start of the text segemnt in
+ virtual memory. Normally, the same as the entry point.
+
+PAGE_SIZE
+
+SEGMENT_SIZE
+ Usually, the same as the PAGE_SIZE.
+ Alignment needed for the data segment.
+
+TARGETNAME
+ The name of the target, for run-time lookups.
+ Usually "a.out-<target>"
-Things that still need to be handled: -*- Text -*-
+Things that still need to be done: -*- Text -*-
+
+ o - A source of space lossage is that all the target-dependent
+ code is in a single bfd_target structure. Hence all the code
+ for *writing* object files is still pulled into all the applications
+ that only care about *reading* (gdb, nm, objdump), while gas
+ has to carry along all the unneded baggage for reading objects.
+ And so one. This would be a much more substantial change,
+ and the payoff would be less (essentially none if bfd is
+ used as a shared library).
+
+ o - The storage needed by BFD data structures is also larger than strictly
+ needed. This may be difficult to do much about.
- o - change the memory usage to reflect the message which follows the
- page break.
o - implement bfd_abort, which should close the bfd but not alter the
filesystem.
- o - update the bfd doc; write a how-to-write-a-backend doc.
- o - change reloc handling as per Steve's suggestion.
- (more details please.....)
-\f
-Changing the way bfd uses memory. The new convention is simple:
-
- o - bfd will never write into user-supplied memory, nor attempt to
- free it.
- o - closing a bfd may reclaim all bfd-allocated memory associated
- with that bfd.
- - - bfd_target_list will be the one exception; you must reclaim the
- returned vector yourself.
-
-Interface implications are minor (get_symcount_upper_bound will go
-away; bfd_cannicalize_symtab will allocate its own memory, etc).
-
-Certain operations consume a lot of memory; for them manual
-reclaimation is available:
-
- o - bfd_canonicalize_symtab will return a pointer to a
- null-terminated vector of symbols. Subsequent calls may or may
- not return the same pointer.
- bfd_canonicalize_relocs will do the same; returning a pointer to
- an array of arelocs. Calling this function will read symbols in
- too.
-
- o - bfd_reclaim_relocs will free the memory used by these relocs.
- the symbols will be untouched.
- bfd_reclaim_symtab (ne bfd_reclaim_symbol_table) will free the
- memory allocated by canonialize_symtab.
- Since relocations point to symbols, any relocations obtained by a
- call to bfd_canonicalize_relocs will be reclaimed as well.
-
- o - if you don't call the reclaim_ functions, the memory will be
- reclaimed at bfd_close time.
+
+ o - update the bfd doc; write a how-to-write-a-backend doc, take out
+ the stupid quips and fill in all the blanks.
+
+ o - upgrade the reloc handling as per Steve's suggestion.
+
+
+
+
# per-target:
+if [ "x$target" = "xall" ]; then
+ echo "*** 'all' can not be the default target" 1>&2
+ exit 1
+fi
+
# WHEN ADDING ENTRIES TO THIS MATRIX:
# Make sure that the left side always has two dashes. Otherwise you
# can get spurious matches. Even for unambiguous cases, do this as a
i[34]86-*-elf) bfd_target=i386-elf ;;
i[34]86-*-netware*) bfd_target=i386-nlm ;;
i[34]86-*-linux*) bfd_target=i386-linux ;;
+ i[34]86-*-lynx*) bfd_target=i386-lynx ;;
i[34]86-none-*) bfd_target=i386-coff ;;
i960-*-vxworks) bfd_target=i960-bout ;;
i960-*-aout) bfd_target=i960-bout ;;
sparc-*-solaris2*) bfd_target=sparc-elf ;;
sparc-*-sysv4*) bfd_target=sparc-elf ;;
# start-sanitize-v9
- sparc64-*-aout*) bfd_target=sparc-aout ; target64=true ;;
+# Don't set target64=true for sparc64-*-aout*. Keep it using the 32bit stuff
+# so we continue to have something that works (until the 64 bit support is
+# rock solid).
+ sparc64-*-aout*) bfd_target=sparc-aout ;;
sparc64-*-elf*) bfd_target=sparc64-elf ; target64=true ;;
# end-sanitize-v9
sparc*-*-*) bfd_target=sparc-aout ;;
*-tandem-*) bfd_target=st2000 ;;
esac
-if [ ! -f ${srcdir}/config/${bfd_target}.mt ] ; then
- if [ -n "${bfd_target}" ] ; then
- echo '***' No file ${srcdir}/config/${bfd_target}.mt 1>&2
+[ -z "$bfd_target" ] && bfd_target="$target" # For error message.
+
+all_targets=false
+for targ in $bfd_target `echo $with_bfd_targets | sed 's/,/ /g'`
+do
+ if [ "x$targ" = "xall" ]; then
+ all_targets=true
+ else
+ if [ ! -f ${srcdir}/config/${targ}.mt ] ; then
+ if [ -n "${targ}" ] ; then
+ echo '***' No file ${srcdir}/config/${targ}.mt 1>&2
+ fi
+ echo '***' BFD does not support target ${targ} 1>&2
+ echo '***' Look in bfd/configure.in for supported targets 1>&2
+ exit 1
fi
- echo '***' BFD does not support target ${target} 1>&2
- echo '***' Look in bfd/configure.in for supported targets 1>&2
- exit 1
-fi
-target_makefile_frag=config/${bfd_target}.mt
-# We don't do any links based on the target system, just very minor makefile
+ if [ "x$bfd_target" = "x$targ" ]; then
+ target_makefile_frag=${srcdir}/config/${targ}.mt
+ else
+ target_extra_frags="$target_extra_frags ${srcdir}/config/${targ}.mt"
+ fi
+ fi
+done
+
+# We don't do any links based on the target system, just minor makefile
# config.
# post-target:
rm -f Makefile.tmp Makefile.2
mv Makefile Makefile.tmp
-case ${with_minimal_bfd} in
- yes) echo MINIMIZE=1 > Makefile.2 ;;
- no | "") echo MINIMIZE=0 > Makefile.2 ;;
- *)
- echo "*** bad value \"${with_minimal_bfd}\" for minimal-bfd flag; ignored" 1>&2
- with_minimal_bfd=no
- echo MINIMIZE=0 > Makefile.2
- ;;
-esac
-
case ${with_64_bit_bfd} in
yes) want64=true ;;
no | "") want64=false ;;
;;
esac
-if [ x${with_minimal_bfd} = xyes ] \
- && grep -s TARGET_BACKENDS ${srcdir}/${target_makefile_frag} ; then
- echo 'BFD_BACKENDS = $(TARGET_BACKENDS)' >> Makefile.2
-else
- echo 'BFD_BACKENDS = $(ALL_BACKENDS)' >> Makefile.2
-fi
+# The default vector in the primary target.
+DEFAULT_VECTOR=`sed -n '
+s/DEFAULT_VECTOR[ ]*=[ ]*\([^ ]*\)/\1/p
+' $target_makefile_frag`
+
+if [ x${all_targets} = xfalse ]; then
+
+ allfrags="$target_makefile_frag $target_extra_frags"
-if [ x${with_minimal_bfd} = xyes ] \
- && grep -s TARGET_CPUS ${srcdir}/${target_makefile_frag} ; then
- echo 'BFD_MACHINES = $(TARGET_CPUS)' >> Makefile.2
-else
+ # The default and selected vectors in all the configured targets.
+ SELECT_VECS=`sed -n '
+ s/DEFAULT_VECTOR[ ]*=[ ]*\([^ ]*\)/\1/p
+ s/SELECT_VECS[ ]*=[ ]*\([^ ]*\)/\1/p
+ ' $allfrags | sort -u`
+
+ # The architectures in all the configured targets.
+ SELECT_ARCHITECTURES=`sed -n '
+ s/SELECT_ARCHITECTURES[ ]*=[ ]*//p
+ ' $allfrags | sort -u`
+
+ # Target backend .o files.
+ tb=
+
+ for vec in $SELECT_VECS
+ do
+ case "$vec" in
+ a29kcoff_big_vec) tb="$tb coff-a29k.o" ;;
+ a_out_adobe_vec) tb="$tb aout-adobe.o" ;;
+ aout_mips_little_vec) tb="$tb mipsbsd.o" ;;
+ b_out_vec_big_host) tb="$tb bout.o" ;;
+ b_out_vec_little_host) tb="$tb bout.o" ;;
+ bfd_elf32_hppa_vec) tb="$tb elf32-hppa.o elf32.o elf.o" ;;
+ bfd_elf32_i386_vec) tb="$tb elf32-i386.o elf32.o elf.o" ;;
+ bfd_elf32_i860_vec) tb="$tb elf32-i860.o elf32.o elf.o" ;;
+ bfd_elf32_m68k_vec) tb="$tb elf32-m68k.o elf32.o elf.o" ;;
+ bfd_elf32_sparc_vec) tb="$tb elf32-sparc.o elf32.o elf.o" ;;
+# start-sanitize-v9
+ bfd_elf64_sparc_vec) tb="$tb elf64-sparc.o elf64.o elf.o" ;;
+# end-sanitize-v9
+ bfd_nlm32_i386_vec) tb="$tb nlm32-i386.o" ;;
+ ecoff_big_vec) tb="$tb coff-mips.o" ;;
+ ecoff_little_vec) tb="$tb coff-mips.o" ;;
+ ecoffalpha_little_vec) tb="$tb coff-alpha.o" ;;
+ h8300coff_vec) tb="$tb coff-h8300.o" ;;
+ h8500coff_vec) tb="$tb coff-h8500.o" ;;
+ host_aout_vec) tb="$tb host-aout.o" ;;
+ hp300bsd_vec) tb="$tb hp300bsd.o" ;;
+ hp300hpux_vec) tb="$tb hp300hpux.o" ;;
+ hppa_vec) tb="$tb hppa.o" ;;
+ i386aout_vec) tb="$tb i386aout.o" ;;
+ i386bsd_vec) tb="$tb i386bsd.o" ;;
+ i386coff_vec) tb="$tb coff-i386.o" ;;
+ i386linux_vec) tb="$tb i386linux.o" ;;
+ i386lynx_vec) tb="$tb i386lynx.o" ;;
+ icoff_big_vec) tb="$tb coff-i960.o" ;;
+ icoff_little_vec) tb="$tb coff-i960.o" ;;
+ ieee_vec) tb="$tb ieee.o" ;;
+ m68kcoff_vec) tb="$tb coff-m68k.o" ;;
+ m68kcoffun_vec) tb="$tb coff-u68k.o" ;;
+ m88kbcs_vec) tb="$tb coff-m88k.o" ;;
+ newsos3_vec) tb="$tb newsos3.o" ;;
+ rs6000coff_vec) tb="$tb coff-rs6000.o" ;;
+ shcoff_vec) tb="$tb coff-sh.o" ;;
+ srec_vec) tb="$tb srec.o" ;;
+ sunos_big_vec) tb="$tb sunos.o aout32.o stab-syms.o" ;;
+ symbolsrec_vec) tb="$tb srec.o" ;;
+ we32kcoff_vec) tb="$tb coff-we32k.o" ;;
+ z8kcoff_vec) tb="$tb coff-z8k.o" ;;
+
+ "") ;;
+ *) echo "*** unknown target vector $vec in $f" 1>&2; exit 1 ;;
+ esac
+ done
+
+ # Target architecture .o files.
+ ta=`echo $SELECT_ARCHITECTURES | sed -e s/bfd_/cpu-/g -e s/_arch/.o/g`
+
+ # Weed out duplicate .o files.
+ tb=`echo $tb | tr -s ' ' '\012' | sort -u | tr '\012' ' '`
+ ta=`echo $ta | tr -s ' ' '\012' | sort -u | tr '\012' ' '`
+
+ echo "BFD_BACKENDS = $tb" >> Makefile.2
+ echo "BFD_MACHINES = $ta" >> Makefile.2
+
+ # Only set these if they will be nonempty, for the clever echo.
+ test -n "$SELECT_VECS" &&
+ selvecs=`echo $SELECT_VECS | sed -e 's/^/\&/' -e 's/ \(.\)/,\&\1/g'`
+ test -n "SELECT_ARCHITECTURES" &&
+ selarchs=`echo $SELECT_ARCHITECTURES | sed -e 's/ \(.\)/,\1/g'`
+
+else # all_targets is true
+ echo 'BFD_BACKENDS = $(ALL_BACKENDS)' >> Makefile.2
echo 'BFD_MACHINES = $(ALL_MACHINES)' >> Makefile.2
-fi
+fi # all_targets is true
+
+test -n "$DEFAULT_VECTOR" && defvec="$DEFAULT_VECTOR"
+
+echo "TDEFAULTS = \
+${defvec+-DDEFAULT_VECTOR=$defvec} \
+${selvecs+-DSELECT_VECS='$selvecs'} \
+${selarchs+-DSELECT_ARCHITECTURES='$selarchs'}" \
+ >> Makefile.2
cat Makefile.tmp >> Makefile.2
rm -f Makefile.tmp
*/
-/* The default is to define a target_vector containing all the targets.
- By setting MINIMIZE=1 on the "make" command line, the user can change this
- to a vector containing just DEFAULT_VECTOR and any required
- traditional-core-file handler. (This is to save space in the executables.)
- The config files can also override the default large vector by giving an
- explicit SELECT_VECS macro. */
-
-#if MINIMIZE && defined(DEFAULT_VECTOR) && !defined(SELECT_VECS)
-#ifdef TRAD_CORE
-#define SELECT_VECS &DEFAULT_VECTOR,&trad_core_vec
-#endif
-#ifdef SCO_CORE
-#define SELECT_VECS &DEFAULT_VECTOR,&sco_core_vec
-#endif
-#ifdef AIX386_CORE
-#define SELECT_VECS &DEFAULT_VECTOR,&aix386_core_vec
-#endif
-#ifdef HPUX_CORE
-#define SELECT_VECS &DEFAULT_VECTOR,&hpux_core_vec
-#endif
-#ifndef SELECT_VECS
-#define SELECT_VECS &DEFAULT_VECTOR
-#endif
-#endif
-
/* All known xvecs. They are listed a second time below, since
we can't intermix extern's and initializers. */
extern bfd_target i386lynx_vec;
extern bfd_target shcoff_vec;
extern bfd_target hp300hpux_vec;
extern bfd_target hp300bsd_vec;
-
-#if defined (HOST_HPPAHPUX) || defined (HOST_HPPABSD)
extern bfd_target hppa_vec;
-#endif
-
-#ifdef DEFAULT_VECTOR
-extern bfd_target DEFAULT_VECTOR;
-#endif
bfd_target *target_vector[] = {
#else /* not SELECT_VECS */
-#ifdef DEFAULT_VECTOR
- &DEFAULT_VECTOR,
-#endif
-
&i386coff_vec,
&i386aout_vec,
&i386lynx_vec,
anymore. If you want to test the stuff yourself, go ahead...
steve@cygnus.com
Worse, since there is no magic number for archives, there
- can annoying target mis-matches. */
+ can be annoying target mis-matches. */
&oasys_vec,
#endif
&sunos_big_vec,
&m88kbcs_vec,
&srec_vec,
&symbolsrec_vec,
-/* &tekhex_vec,*/
+#if 0
+ &tekhex_vec,
+#endif
&icoff_little_vec,
&icoff_big_vec,
&bfd_elf32_sparc_vec,
&hp300bsd_vec,
&we32kcoff_vec,
+#endif /* not SELECT_VECS */
+
+/* Add any required traditional-core-file-handler. */
+
#ifdef TRAD_CORE
&trad_core_vec,
#endif
&hpux_core_vec,
#endif
-#endif /* not SELECT_VECS */
- NULL, /* end of list marker */
+ NULL /* end of list marker */
};
/* default_vector[0] contains either the address of the default vector,
#ifdef DEFAULT_VECTOR
&DEFAULT_VECTOR,
#endif
- 0,
+ NULL
};
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