configure.xml: Update descriptions of options affecting dual ABI and add cross-refere...

author Jonathan Wakely <jwakely@redhat.com>

Tue, 21 Apr 2015 10:38:43 +0000 (11:38 +0100)

committer Jonathan Wakely <redi@gcc.gnu.org>

Tue, 21 Apr 2015 10:38:43 +0000 (11:38 +0100)
author Jonathan Wakely <jwakely@redhat.com>
Tue, 21 Apr 2015 10:38:43 +0000 (11:38 +0100)
committer Jonathan Wakely <redi@gcc.gnu.org>
Tue, 21 Apr 2015 10:38:43 +0000 (11:38 +0100)
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/ChangeLog b/libstdc++-v3/ChangeLog

index 98a6036e5cdaa0078c9647fbe55395f9f481866c..f285f8c2fccd3e357ab8ac60fbdeb8944bbc870c 100644 (file)
--- a/libstdc++-v3/ChangeLog
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/ChangeLog
@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
  2015-04-21  Jonathan Wakely  <jwakely@redhat.com>
  
+       * doc/xml/manual/configure.xml: Update descriptions of options
+       affecting dual ABI and add cross-references.
+       * doc/xml/manual/strings.xml: Clarify that string isn't COW now.
+       * doc/xml/manual/using.xml: Document ABI transition.
+       * doc/html/*: Regenerate.
+
         * doc/xml/manual/abi.xml: Use uppercase for C++ Standard Library.
         * doc/xml/manual/using.xml: Document newer -std options. Use better
         examples of nested namespaces.
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/index.html b/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/index.html

index feaa28c0e42b01213921e3acdcd273d8291db402..bd2c58e37149bef5e195fbcf5f508403bea8a9d1 100644 (file)
--- a/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/index.html
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/index.html
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
      </p></div></div></div><hr /></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="book"><a href="manual/index.html">The GNU C++ Library Manual</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="part"><a href="manual/intro.html">I. 
    Introduction
    
-</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="manual/status.html">1. Status</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/status.html#manual.intro.status.iso">Implementation Status</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/status.html#status.iso.1998">C++ 1998/2003</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/status.html#iso.1998.status">Implementation Status</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/status.html#iso.1998.specific">Implementation Specific Behavior</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/status.html#status.iso.2011">C++ 2011</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/status.html#iso.2011.specific">Implementation Specific Behavior</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/status.html#status.iso.2014">C++ 2014</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/status.html#status.iso.tr1">C++ TR1</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/status.html#iso.tr1.specific">Implementation Specific Behavior</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/status.html#status.iso.tr24733">C++ TR 24733</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/license.html">License</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/license.html#manual.intro.status.license.gpl">The Code: GPL</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/license.html#manual.intro.status.license.fdl">The Documentation: GPL, FDL</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/bugs.html">Bugs</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/bugs.html#manual.intro.status.bugs.impl">Implementation Bugs</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/bugs.html#manual.intro.status.bugs.iso">Standard Bugs</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="manual/setup.html">2. Setup</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/setup.html#manual.intro.setup.prereq">Prerequisites</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/configure.html">Configure</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/make.html">Make</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="manual/using.html">3. Using</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using.html#manual.intro.using.flags">Command Options</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_headers.html">Headers</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.all">Header Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.mixing">Mixing Headers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.cheaders">The C Headers and <code class="code">namespace std</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.pre">Precompiled Headers</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_macros.html">Macros</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_namespaces.html">Namespaces</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_namespaces.html#manual.intro.using.namespaces.all">Available Namespaces</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_namespaces.html#manual.intro.using.namespaces.std">namespace std</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_namespaces.html#manual.intro.using.namespaces.comp">Using Namespace Composition</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_dynamic_or_shared.html">Linking</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_dynamic_or_shared.html#manual.intro.using.linkage.freestanding">Almost Nothing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_dynamic_or_shared.html#manual.intro.using.linkage.dynamic">Finding Dynamic or Shared Libraries</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_concurrency.html">Concurrency</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.prereq">Prerequisites</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.thread_safety">Thread Safety</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.atomics">Atomics</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.io">IO</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.structure">Structure</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.defaults">Defaults</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.future">Future</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.alt">Alternatives</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.containers">Containers</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_exceptions.html">Exceptions</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.safety">Exception Safety</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.propagating">Exception Neutrality</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.no">Doing without</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.compat">Compatibility</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_exceptions.html#using.exception.compat.c">With <code class="literal">C</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_exceptions.html#using.exception.compat.posix">With <code class="literal">POSIX</code> thread cancellation</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/debug.html">Debugging Support</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/debug.html#debug.compiler">Using <span class="command"><strong>g++</strong></span></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/debug.html#debug.req">Debug Versions of Library Binary Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/debug.html#debug.memory">Memory Leak Hunting</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/debug.html#debug.races">Data Race Hunting</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/debug.html#debug.gdb">Using <span class="command"><strong>gdb</strong></span></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/debug.html#debug.exceptions">Tracking uncaught exceptions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/debug.html#debug.debug_mode">Debug Mode</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/debug.html#debug.compile_time_checks">Compile Time Checking</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/debug.html#debug.profile_mode">Profile-based Performance Analysis</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="part"><a href="manual/std_contents.html">II. 
+</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="manual/status.html">1. Status</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/status.html#manual.intro.status.iso">Implementation Status</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/status.html#status.iso.1998">C++ 1998/2003</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/status.html#iso.1998.status">Implementation Status</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/status.html#iso.1998.specific">Implementation Specific Behavior</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/status.html#status.iso.2011">C++ 2011</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/status.html#iso.2011.specific">Implementation Specific Behavior</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/status.html#status.iso.2014">C++ 2014</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/status.html#status.iso.tr1">C++ TR1</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/status.html#iso.tr1.specific">Implementation Specific Behavior</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/status.html#status.iso.tr24733">C++ TR 24733</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/license.html">License</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/license.html#manual.intro.status.license.gpl">The Code: GPL</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/license.html#manual.intro.status.license.fdl">The Documentation: GPL, FDL</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/bugs.html">Bugs</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/bugs.html#manual.intro.status.bugs.impl">Implementation Bugs</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/bugs.html#manual.intro.status.bugs.iso">Standard Bugs</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="manual/setup.html">2. Setup</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/setup.html#manual.intro.setup.prereq">Prerequisites</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/configure.html">Configure</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/make.html">Make</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="manual/using.html">3. Using</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using.html#manual.intro.using.flags">Command Options</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_headers.html">Headers</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.all">Header Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.mixing">Mixing Headers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.cheaders">The C Headers and <code class="code">namespace std</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.pre">Precompiled Headers</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_macros.html">Macros</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_dual_abi.html">Dual ABI</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_dual_abi.html#manual.intro.using.abi.trouble">Troubleshooting</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_namespaces.html">Namespaces</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_namespaces.html#manual.intro.using.namespaces.all">Available Namespaces</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_namespaces.html#manual.intro.using.namespaces.std">namespace std</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_namespaces.html#manual.intro.using.namespaces.comp">Using Namespace Composition</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_dynamic_or_shared.html">Linking</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_dynamic_or_shared.html#manual.intro.using.linkage.freestanding">Almost Nothing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_dynamic_or_shared.html#manual.intro.using.linkage.dynamic">Finding Dynamic or Shared Libraries</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_concurrency.html">Concurrency</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.prereq">Prerequisites</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.thread_safety">Thread Safety</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.atomics">Atomics</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.io">IO</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.structure">Structure</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.defaults">Defaults</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.future">Future</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.alt">Alternatives</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.containers">Containers</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_exceptions.html">Exceptions</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.safety">Exception Safety</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.propagating">Exception Neutrality</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.no">Doing without</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.compat">Compatibility</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_exceptions.html#using.exception.compat.c">With <code class="literal">C</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/using_exceptions.html#using.exception.compat.posix">With <code class="literal">POSIX</code> thread cancellation</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/debug.html">Debugging Support</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/debug.html#debug.compiler">Using <span class="command"><strong>g++</strong></span></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/debug.html#debug.req">Debug Versions of Library Binary Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/debug.html#debug.memory">Memory Leak Hunting</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/debug.html#debug.races">Data Race Hunting</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/debug.html#debug.gdb">Using <span class="command"><strong>gdb</strong></span></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/debug.html#debug.exceptions">Tracking uncaught exceptions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/debug.html#debug.debug_mode">Debug Mode</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/debug.html#debug.compile_time_checks">Compile Time Checking</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="manual/debug.html#debug.profile_mode">Profile-based Performance Analysis</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="part"><a href="manual/std_contents.html">II. 
      Standard Contents
    </a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="manual/support.html">4. 
    Support
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/abi.html b/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/abi.html

index 2d60a023a5352bf2209f68b7ef041bc87fb1d83f..c1db430fdafd4a1ad10fe85ca6309babdcf26175 100644 (file)
--- a/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/abi.html
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/abi.html
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
    documented
  <a class="link" href="configure.html" title="Configure">here</a>.
  </p><p> Putting all of these ideas together results in the C++ Standard
-library ABI, which is the compilation of a given library API by a
+Library ABI, which is the compilation of a given library API by a
  given compiler ABI. In a nutshell:
  </p><p>
    <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/configure.html b/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/configure.html

index 6453f08d2e77ad548db46d1edb14f473fae424e2..96f40a62ed097e94cb715d316ff7d368e2c72275 100644 (file)
--- a/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/configure.html
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/configure.html
@@ -228,13 +228,17 @@
       when standard error is not available.  This option disables those
       messages.  This option does not change the library ABI.
     </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="code">--disable-libstdcxx-dual-abi</code></span></dt><dd><p>
-     Disable support for the new, C++11-conforming <code class="code">std::string</code>
-     implementation.  This option changes the library ABI.
-   </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="code">--with-default-libstdcxx-abi</code></span></dt><dd><p>
-     By default, the new <code class="code">std::string</code> implementation will be
-     declared and a macro must be defined to declare the old implementation
-     instead. That default can be reversed by configuring the library with
-     <code class="code">--with-default-libstdcxx-abi=c++98</code>.
+     Disable support for the new, C++11-conforming implementations of
+     <code class="code">std::string</code>, <code class="code">std::list</code> etc. so that the
+     library only provides definitions of types using the old ABI
+     (see <a class="xref" href="using_dual_abi.html" title="Dual ABI">Dual ABI</a>).
+     This option changes the library ABI.
+   </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="code">--with-default-libstdcxx-abi=</code><em class="replaceable"><code>OPTION</code></em></span></dt><dd><p>
+     Set the default value for the <span class="symbol">_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI</span>
+     macro (see <a class="xref" href="using_macros.html" title="Macros">Macros</a>).
+     The default is <code class="option">OPTION=c++11</code> which sets the macro to
+     <code class="literal">1</code>,
+     use <code class="option">OPTION=c++98</code> to set it to <code class="literal">0</code>.
       This option does not change the library ABI.
     </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="code">--enable-vtable-verify</code>[default]</span></dt><dd><p>Use <code class="code">-fvtable-verify=std</code> to compile the C++
      runtime with instrumentation for vtable verification. All virtual
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/index.html b/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/index.html

index 26f6233ff05dd228047a30cb57f76bc3df861038..b6f34fa29aaa8f7e930df48eed18ab3f38ff8a20 100644 (file)
--- a/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/index.html
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/index.html
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
      </p></div></div><hr /></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="part"><a href="intro.html">I. 
    Introduction
    
-</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="status.html">1. Status</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#manual.intro.status.iso">Implementation Status</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#status.iso.1998">C++ 1998/2003</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#iso.1998.status">Implementation Status</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#iso.1998.specific">Implementation Specific Behavior</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#status.iso.2011">C++ 2011</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#iso.2011.specific">Implementation Specific Behavior</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#status.iso.2014">C++ 2014</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#status.iso.tr1">C++ TR1</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#iso.tr1.specific">Implementation Specific Behavior</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#status.iso.tr24733">C++ TR 24733</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="license.html">License</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="license.html#manual.intro.status.license.gpl">The Code: GPL</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="license.html#manual.intro.status.license.fdl">The Documentation: GPL, FDL</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="bugs.html">Bugs</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="bugs.html#manual.intro.status.bugs.impl">Implementation Bugs</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="bugs.html#manual.intro.status.bugs.iso">Standard Bugs</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="setup.html">2. Setup</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="setup.html#manual.intro.setup.prereq">Prerequisites</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="configure.html">Configure</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="make.html">Make</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="using.html">3. Using</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using.html#manual.intro.using.flags">Command Options</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html">Headers</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.all">Header Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.mixing">Mixing Headers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.cheaders">The C Headers and <code class="code">namespace std</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.pre">Precompiled Headers</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_macros.html">Macros</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_namespaces.html">Namespaces</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_namespaces.html#manual.intro.using.namespaces.all">Available Namespaces</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_namespaces.html#manual.intro.using.namespaces.std">namespace std</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_namespaces.html#manual.intro.using.namespaces.comp">Using Namespace Composition</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_dynamic_or_shared.html">Linking</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_dynamic_or_shared.html#manual.intro.using.linkage.freestanding">Almost Nothing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_dynamic_or_shared.html#manual.intro.using.linkage.dynamic">Finding Dynamic or Shared Libraries</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html">Concurrency</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.prereq">Prerequisites</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.thread_safety">Thread Safety</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.atomics">Atomics</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.io">IO</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.structure">Structure</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.defaults">Defaults</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.future">Future</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.alt">Alternatives</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.containers">Containers</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html">Exceptions</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.safety">Exception Safety</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.propagating">Exception Neutrality</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.no">Doing without</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.compat">Compatibility</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#using.exception.compat.c">With <code class="literal">C</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#using.exception.compat.posix">With <code class="literal">POSIX</code> thread cancellation</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html">Debugging Support</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.compiler">Using <span class="command"><strong>g++</strong></span></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.req">Debug Versions of Library Binary Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.memory">Memory Leak Hunting</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.races">Data Race Hunting</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.gdb">Using <span class="command"><strong>gdb</strong></span></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.exceptions">Tracking uncaught exceptions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.debug_mode">Debug Mode</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.compile_time_checks">Compile Time Checking</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.profile_mode">Profile-based Performance Analysis</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="part"><a href="std_contents.html">II. 
+</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="status.html">1. Status</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#manual.intro.status.iso">Implementation Status</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#status.iso.1998">C++ 1998/2003</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#iso.1998.status">Implementation Status</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#iso.1998.specific">Implementation Specific Behavior</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#status.iso.2011">C++ 2011</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#iso.2011.specific">Implementation Specific Behavior</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#status.iso.2014">C++ 2014</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#status.iso.tr1">C++ TR1</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#iso.tr1.specific">Implementation Specific Behavior</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#status.iso.tr24733">C++ TR 24733</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="license.html">License</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="license.html#manual.intro.status.license.gpl">The Code: GPL</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="license.html#manual.intro.status.license.fdl">The Documentation: GPL, FDL</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="bugs.html">Bugs</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="bugs.html#manual.intro.status.bugs.impl">Implementation Bugs</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="bugs.html#manual.intro.status.bugs.iso">Standard Bugs</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="setup.html">2. Setup</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="setup.html#manual.intro.setup.prereq">Prerequisites</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="configure.html">Configure</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="make.html">Make</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="using.html">3. Using</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using.html#manual.intro.using.flags">Command Options</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html">Headers</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.all">Header Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.mixing">Mixing Headers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.cheaders">The C Headers and <code class="code">namespace std</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.pre">Precompiled Headers</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_macros.html">Macros</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_dual_abi.html">Dual ABI</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_dual_abi.html#manual.intro.using.abi.trouble">Troubleshooting</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_namespaces.html">Namespaces</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_namespaces.html#manual.intro.using.namespaces.all">Available Namespaces</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_namespaces.html#manual.intro.using.namespaces.std">namespace std</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_namespaces.html#manual.intro.using.namespaces.comp">Using Namespace Composition</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_dynamic_or_shared.html">Linking</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_dynamic_or_shared.html#manual.intro.using.linkage.freestanding">Almost Nothing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_dynamic_or_shared.html#manual.intro.using.linkage.dynamic">Finding Dynamic or Shared Libraries</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html">Concurrency</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.prereq">Prerequisites</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.thread_safety">Thread Safety</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.atomics">Atomics</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.io">IO</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.structure">Structure</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.defaults">Defaults</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.future">Future</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.alt">Alternatives</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.containers">Containers</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html">Exceptions</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.safety">Exception Safety</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.propagating">Exception Neutrality</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.no">Doing without</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.compat">Compatibility</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#using.exception.compat.c">With <code class="literal">C</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#using.exception.compat.posix">With <code class="literal">POSIX</code> thread cancellation</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html">Debugging Support</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.compiler">Using <span class="command"><strong>g++</strong></span></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.req">Debug Versions of Library Binary Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.memory">Memory Leak Hunting</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.races">Data Race Hunting</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.gdb">Using <span class="command"><strong>gdb</strong></span></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.exceptions">Tracking uncaught exceptions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.debug_mode">Debug Mode</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.compile_time_checks">Compile Time Checking</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.profile_mode">Profile-based Performance Analysis</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="part"><a href="std_contents.html">II. 
      Standard Contents
    </a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="support.html">4. 
    Support
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  </th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="index.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">The GNU C++ Library Manual</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="status.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="part"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="manual.intro"></a>Part I. 
    Introduction
    <a id="id-1.3.3.1.1.1" class="indexterm"></a>
-</h1></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="status.html">1. Status</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#manual.intro.status.iso">Implementation Status</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#status.iso.1998">C++ 1998/2003</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#iso.1998.status">Implementation Status</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#iso.1998.specific">Implementation Specific Behavior</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#status.iso.2011">C++ 2011</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#iso.2011.specific">Implementation Specific Behavior</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#status.iso.2014">C++ 2014</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#status.iso.tr1">C++ TR1</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#iso.tr1.specific">Implementation Specific Behavior</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#status.iso.tr24733">C++ TR 24733</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="license.html">License</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="license.html#manual.intro.status.license.gpl">The Code: GPL</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="license.html#manual.intro.status.license.fdl">The Documentation: GPL, FDL</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="bugs.html">Bugs</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="bugs.html#manual.intro.status.bugs.impl">Implementation Bugs</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="bugs.html#manual.intro.status.bugs.iso">Standard Bugs</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="setup.html">2. Setup</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="setup.html#manual.intro.setup.prereq">Prerequisites</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="configure.html">Configure</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="make.html">Make</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="using.html">3. Using</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using.html#manual.intro.using.flags">Command Options</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html">Headers</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.all">Header Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.mixing">Mixing Headers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.cheaders">The C Headers and <code class="code">namespace std</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.pre">Precompiled Headers</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_macros.html">Macros</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_namespaces.html">Namespaces</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_namespaces.html#manual.intro.using.namespaces.all">Available Namespaces</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_namespaces.html#manual.intro.using.namespaces.std">namespace std</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_namespaces.html#manual.intro.using.namespaces.comp">Using Namespace Composition</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_dynamic_or_shared.html">Linking</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_dynamic_or_shared.html#manual.intro.using.linkage.freestanding">Almost Nothing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_dynamic_or_shared.html#manual.intro.using.linkage.dynamic">Finding Dynamic or Shared Libraries</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html">Concurrency</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.prereq">Prerequisites</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.thread_safety">Thread Safety</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.atomics">Atomics</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.io">IO</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.structure">Structure</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.defaults">Defaults</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.future">Future</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.alt">Alternatives</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.containers">Containers</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html">Exceptions</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.safety">Exception Safety</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.propagating">Exception Neutrality</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.no">Doing without</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.compat">Compatibility</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#using.exception.compat.c">With <code class="literal">C</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#using.exception.compat.posix">With <code class="literal">POSIX</code> thread cancellation</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html">Debugging Support</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.compiler">Using <span class="command"><strong>g++</strong></span></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.req">Debug Versions of Library Binary Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.memory">Memory Leak Hunting</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.races">Data Race Hunting</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.gdb">Using <span class="command"><strong>gdb</strong></span></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.exceptions">Tracking uncaught exceptions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.debug_mode">Debug Mode</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.compile_time_checks">Compile Time Checking</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.profile_mode">Profile-based Performance Analysis</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="index.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="index.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="status.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">The GNU C++ Library Manual </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 1. Status</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
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+</h1></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="status.html">1. Status</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#manual.intro.status.iso">Implementation Status</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#status.iso.1998">C++ 1998/2003</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#iso.1998.status">Implementation Status</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#iso.1998.specific">Implementation Specific Behavior</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#status.iso.2011">C++ 2011</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#iso.2011.specific">Implementation Specific Behavior</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#status.iso.2014">C++ 2014</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#status.iso.tr1">C++ TR1</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#iso.tr1.specific">Implementation Specific Behavior</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="status.html#status.iso.tr24733">C++ TR 24733</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="license.html">License</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="license.html#manual.intro.status.license.gpl">The Code: GPL</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="license.html#manual.intro.status.license.fdl">The Documentation: GPL, FDL</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="bugs.html">Bugs</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="bugs.html#manual.intro.status.bugs.impl">Implementation Bugs</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="bugs.html#manual.intro.status.bugs.iso">Standard Bugs</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="setup.html">2. Setup</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="setup.html#manual.intro.setup.prereq">Prerequisites</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="configure.html">Configure</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="make.html">Make</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="using.html">3. Using</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using.html#manual.intro.using.flags">Command Options</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html">Headers</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.all">Header Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.mixing">Mixing Headers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.cheaders">The C Headers and <code class="code">namespace std</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.pre">Precompiled Headers</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_macros.html">Macros</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_dual_abi.html">Dual ABI</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_dual_abi.html#manual.intro.using.abi.trouble">Troubleshooting</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_namespaces.html">Namespaces</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_namespaces.html#manual.intro.using.namespaces.all">Available Namespaces</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_namespaces.html#manual.intro.using.namespaces.std">namespace std</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_namespaces.html#manual.intro.using.namespaces.comp">Using Namespace Composition</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_dynamic_or_shared.html">Linking</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_dynamic_or_shared.html#manual.intro.using.linkage.freestanding">Almost Nothing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_dynamic_or_shared.html#manual.intro.using.linkage.dynamic">Finding Dynamic or Shared Libraries</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html">Concurrency</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.prereq">Prerequisites</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.thread_safety">Thread Safety</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.atomics">Atomics</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.io">IO</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.structure">Structure</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.defaults">Defaults</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.future">Future</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.alt">Alternatives</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.containers">Containers</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html">Exceptions</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.safety">Exception Safety</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.propagating">Exception Neutrality</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.no">Doing without</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.compat">Compatibility</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#using.exception.compat.c">With <code class="literal">C</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#using.exception.compat.posix">With <code class="literal">POSIX</code> thread cancellation</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html">Debugging Support</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.compiler">Using <span class="command"><strong>g++</strong></span></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.req">Debug Versions of Library Binary Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.memory">Memory Leak Hunting</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.races">Data Race Hunting</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.gdb">Using <span class="command"><strong>gdb</strong></span></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.exceptions">Tracking uncaught exceptions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.debug_mode">Debug Mode</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.compile_time_checks">Compile Time Checking</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.profile_mode">Profile-based Performance Analysis</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="index.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="index.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="status.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">The GNU C++ Library Manual </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 1. Status</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
+\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/strings.html b/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/strings.html

index 55e0ee9cf647a54e9643aa6323685ec17f342dde..075ee1b188afcdaafeb527a9f98ee22cbda98fb0 100644 (file)
--- a/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/strings.html
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/strings.html
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ stringtok(Container &amp;container, string const &amp;in,
        a <code class="code">vector</code>'s memory usage
        (see <a class="link" href="../faq.html#faq.size_equals_capacity" title="7.8.">this FAQ
        entry</a>) but the regular copy constructor cannot be used
-      because libstdc++'s <code class="code">string</code> is Copy-On-Write.
+      because libstdc++'s <code class="code">string</code> is Copy-On-Write in GCC 3.
     </p><p>In <a class="link" href="status.html#status.iso.2011" title="C++ 2011">C++11</a> mode you can call
        <code class="code">s.shrink_to_fit()</code> to achieve the same effect as
        <code class="code">s.reserve(s.size())</code>.
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/using.html b/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/using.html

index dff5192f5f2fbaeb7b9363a8e81bab69e0f4b1d2..cc5c65079b027cc12e7058ed617a5af6d20065d4 100644 (file)
--- a/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/using.html
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/using.html
@@ -2,14 +2,19 @@
  <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Chapter 3. Using</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.78.1" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, library" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, runtime, library" /><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The GNU C++ Library" /><link rel="up" href="intro.html" title="Part I.  Introduction" /><link rel="prev" href="make.html" title="Make" /><link rel="next" href="using_headers.html" title="Headers" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 3. Using</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="make.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part I. 
    Introduction
    
-</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="using_headers.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="manual.intro.using"></a>Chapter 3. Using</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="section"><a href="using.html#manual.intro.using.flags">Command Options</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html">Headers</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.all">Header Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.mixing">Mixing Headers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.cheaders">The C Headers and <code class="code">namespace std</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.pre">Precompiled Headers</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_macros.html">Macros</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_namespaces.html">Namespaces</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_namespaces.html#manual.intro.using.namespaces.all">Available Namespaces</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_namespaces.html#manual.intro.using.namespaces.std">namespace std</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_namespaces.html#manual.intro.using.namespaces.comp">Using Namespace Composition</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_dynamic_or_shared.html">Linking</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_dynamic_or_shared.html#manual.intro.using.linkage.freestanding">Almost Nothing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_dynamic_or_shared.html#manual.intro.using.linkage.dynamic">Finding Dynamic or Shared Libraries</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html">Concurrency</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.prereq">Prerequisites</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.thread_safety">Thread Safety</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.atomics">Atomics</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.io">IO</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.structure">Structure</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.defaults">Defaults</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.future">Future</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.alt">Alternatives</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.containers">Containers</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html">Exceptions</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.safety">Exception Safety</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.propagating">Exception Neutrality</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.no">Doing without</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.compat">Compatibility</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#using.exception.compat.c">With <code class="literal">C</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#using.exception.compat.posix">With <code class="literal">POSIX</code> thread cancellation</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html">Debugging Support</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.compiler">Using <span class="command"><strong>g++</strong></span></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.req">Debug Versions of Library Binary Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.memory">Memory Leak Hunting</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.races">Data Race Hunting</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.gdb">Using <span class="command"><strong>gdb</strong></span></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.exceptions">Tracking uncaught exceptions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.debug_mode">Debug Mode</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.compile_time_checks">Compile Time Checking</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.profile_mode">Profile-based Performance Analysis</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="manual.intro.using.flags"></a>Command Options</h2></div></div></div><p>
+</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="using_headers.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="manual.intro.using"></a>Chapter 3. Using</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="section"><a href="using.html#manual.intro.using.flags">Command Options</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html">Headers</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.all">Header Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.mixing">Mixing Headers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.cheaders">The C Headers and <code class="code">namespace std</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_headers.html#manual.intro.using.headers.pre">Precompiled Headers</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_macros.html">Macros</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_dual_abi.html">Dual ABI</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_dual_abi.html#manual.intro.using.abi.trouble">Troubleshooting</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_namespaces.html">Namespaces</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_namespaces.html#manual.intro.using.namespaces.all">Available Namespaces</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_namespaces.html#manual.intro.using.namespaces.std">namespace std</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_namespaces.html#manual.intro.using.namespaces.comp">Using Namespace Composition</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_dynamic_or_shared.html">Linking</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_dynamic_or_shared.html#manual.intro.using.linkage.freestanding">Almost Nothing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_dynamic_or_shared.html#manual.intro.using.linkage.dynamic">Finding Dynamic or Shared Libraries</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html">Concurrency</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.prereq">Prerequisites</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.thread_safety">Thread Safety</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.atomics">Atomics</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.io">IO</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.structure">Structure</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.defaults">Defaults</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.future">Future</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#concurrency.io.alt">Alternatives</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_concurrency.html#manual.intro.using.concurrency.containers">Containers</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html">Exceptions</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.safety">Exception Safety</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.propagating">Exception Neutrality</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.no">Doing without</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.compat">Compatibility</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#using.exception.compat.c">With <code class="literal">C</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="using_exceptions.html#using.exception.compat.posix">With <code class="literal">POSIX</code> thread cancellation</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html">Debugging Support</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.compiler">Using <span class="command"><strong>g++</strong></span></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.req">Debug Versions of Library Binary Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.memory">Memory Leak Hunting</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.races">Data Race Hunting</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.gdb">Using <span class="command"><strong>gdb</strong></span></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.exceptions">Tracking uncaught exceptions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.debug_mode">Debug Mode</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.compile_time_checks">Compile Time Checking</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="debug.html#debug.profile_mode">Profile-based Performance Analysis</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="manual.intro.using.flags"></a>Command Options</h2></div></div></div><p>
        The set of features available in the GNU C++ library is shaped by
        several <a class="link" href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-4.3.2/gcc/Invoking-GCC.html" target="_top">GCC
        Command Options</a>. Options that impact libstdc++ are
        enumerated and detailed in the table below.
      </p><p>
-      By default, <span class="command"><strong>g++</strong></span> is equivalent to  <span class="command"><strong>g++ -std=gnu++98</strong></span>. The standard library also defaults to this dialect.
-    </p><div class="table"><a id="table.cmd_options"></a><p class="title"><strong>Table 3.1. C++ Command Options</strong></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="C++ Command Options" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left" class="c1" /><col align="left" class="c2" /></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Option Flags</th><th align="left">Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-std=c++98</code></td><td align="left">Use the 1998 ISO C++ standard plus amendments.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-std=gnu++98</code></td><td align="left">As directly above, with GNU extensions.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-std=c++11</code></td><td align="left">Use the 2011 ISO C++ standard.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-std=gnu++11</code></td><td align="left">As directly above, with GNU extensions.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-fexceptions</code></td><td align="left">See <a class="link" href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.no" title="Doing without">exception-free dialect</a></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-frtti</code></td><td align="left">As above, but RTTI-free dialect.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-pthread</code> or <code class="literal">-pthreads</code></td><td align="left">For ISO C++11
+      The standard library conforms to the dialect of C++ specified by the
+      <code class="option">-std</code> option passed to the compiler.
+      By default, <span class="command"><strong>g++</strong></span> is equivalent to
+      <span class="command"><strong>g++ -std=gnu++98</strong></span>.
+    </p><div class="table"><a id="table.cmd_options"></a><p class="title"><strong>Table 3.1. C++ Command Options</strong></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="C++ Command Options" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left" class="c1" /><col align="left" class="c2" /></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Option Flags</th><th align="left">Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-std=c++98</code> or <code class="literal">-std=c++03</code>
+      </td><td align="left">Use the 1998 ISO C++ standard plus amendments.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-std=gnu++98</code> or <code class="literal">-std=gnu++03</code>
+      </td><td align="left">As directly above, with GNU extensions.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-std=c++11</code></td><td align="left">Use the 2011 ISO C++ standard.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-std=gnu++11</code></td><td align="left">As directly above, with GNU extensions.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-std=c++14</code></td><td align="left">Use the 2014 ISO C++ standard.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-std=gnu++14</code></td><td align="left">As directly above, with GNU extensions.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-fexceptions</code></td><td align="left">See <a class="link" href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.no" title="Doing without">exception-free dialect</a></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-frtti</code></td><td align="left">As above, but RTTI-free dialect.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-pthread</code> or <code class="literal">-pthreads</code></td><td align="left">For ISO C++11
          <code class="filename">&lt;thread&gt;</code>,
          <code class="filename">&lt;future&gt;</code>,
          <code class="filename">&lt;mutex&gt;</code>,
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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Dual ABI</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.78.1" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, library" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, runtime, library" /><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The GNU C++ Library" /><link rel="up" href="using.html" title="Chapter 3. Using" /><link rel="prev" href="using_macros.html" title="Macros" /><link rel="next" href="using_namespaces.html" title="Namespaces" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Dual ABI</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="using_macros.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 3. Using</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="using_namespaces.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="manual.intro.using.abi"></a>Dual ABI</h2></div></div></div><p> In the GCC 5.1 release libstdc++ introduced a new library ABI that
+  includes new implementations of <code class="classname">std::string</code> and
+  <code class="classname">std::list</code>. These changes were necessary to conform
+  to the 2011 C++ standard which forbids Copy-On-Write strings and requires
+  lists to keep track of their size.
+</p><p> In order to maintain backwards compatibility for existing code linked
+  to libstdc++ the library's soname has not changed and the old
+  implementations are still supported in parallel with the new ones.
+  This is achieved by defining the new implementations in an inline namespace
+  so they have different names for linkage purposes, e.g. the new version of
+  <code class="classname">std::list&lt;int&gt;</code> is actually defined as
+  <code class="classname">std::__cxx11::list&lt;int&gt;</code>. Because the symbols
+  for the new implementations have different names the definitions for both
+  versions can be present in the same library.
+</p><p> The <span class="symbol">_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI</span> macro (see
+<a class="xref" href="using_macros.html" title="Macros">Macros</a>) controls whether
+  the declarations in the library headers use the old or new ABI.
+  So the decision of which ABI to use can be made separately for each
+  source file being compiled.
+  Using the default configuration options for GCC the default value
+  of the macro is <code class="literal">1</code> which causes the new ABI to be active,
+  so to use the old ABI you must explicitly define the macro to
+  <code class="literal">0</code> before including any library headers.
+  (Be aware that some GNU/Linux distributions configure GCC 5 differently so
+  that the default value of the macro is <code class="literal">0</code> and users must
+  define it to <code class="literal">1</code> to enable the new ABI.)
+</p><p> Although the changes were made for C++11 conformance, the choice of ABI
+  to use is independent of the <code class="option">-std</code> option used to compile
+  your code, i.e. for a given GCC build the default value of the
+  <span class="symbol">_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI</span> macro is the same for all dialects.
+  This ensures that the <code class="option">-std</code> does not change the ABI, so
+  that it is straightforward to link C++03 and C++11 code together.
+</p><p> Because <code class="classname">std::string</code> is used extensively
+  throughout the library a number of other types are also defined twice,
+  including the stringstream classes and several facets used by
+  <code class="classname">std::locale</code>. The standard facets which are always
+  installed in a locale may be present twice, with both ABIs, to ensure that
+  code like
+  <code class="code">std::use_facet&lt;std::time_get&lt;char&gt;&gt;(locale);</code>
+  will work correctly for both <code class="classname">std::time_get</code> and
+  <code class="classname">std::__cxx11::time_get</code> (even if a user-defined
+  facet that derives from one or other version of
+  <code class="classname">time_get</code> is installed in the locale).
+</p><p> Although the standard exception types defined in
+  <code class="filename">&lt;stdexcept&gt;</code> use strings, they
+  are not defined twice, so that a <code class="classname">std::out_of_range</code>
+  exception thrown in one file can always be caught by a suitable handler in
+  another file, even if the two files are compiled with different ABIs.
+</p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="manual.intro.using.abi.trouble"></a>Troubleshooting</h3></div></div></div><p> If you get linker errors about undefined references to symbols
+  that involve types in the <code class="code">std::__cxx11</code> namespace or the tag
+  <code class="code">[abi:cxx11]</code> then it probably indicates that you are trying to
+  link together object files that were compiled with different values for the
+  <span class="symbol">_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI</span> macro. This commonly happens when
+  linking to a third-party library that was compiled with an older version
+  of GCC. If the third-party library cannot be rebuilt with the new ABI then
+  you will need to recompile your code with the old ABI.
+</p><p> Not all uses of the new ABI will cause changes in symbol names, for
+  example a class with a <code class="classname">std::string</code> member variable
+  will have the same mangled name whether compiled with the old or new ABI.
+  In order to detect such problems the new types and functions are
+  annotated with the <span class="property">abi_tag</span> attribute, allowing the
+  compiler to warn about potential ABI incompatibilities in code using them.
+  Those warnings can be enabled with the <code class="option">-Wabi-tag</code> option.
+</p></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="using_macros.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="using.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="using_namespaces.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Macros </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Namespaces</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
+\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/using_exceptions.html b/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/using_exceptions.html

index 00e9d38f3155ad21bdcfa17a74c5ef85119a3292..cb7c9991304b0ca35b5bf14fc7d0ac6ac8e775eb 100644 (file)
--- a/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/using_exceptions.html
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/using_exceptions.html
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ is called.
    }
    catch(...)
    { this-&gt;_M_setstate(ios_base::badbit); }
-</pre></div></div><div class="bibliography"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="using.exceptions.biblio"></a>Bibliography</h3></div></div></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="id-1.3.3.4.8.9.2"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
+</pre></div></div><div class="bibliography"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="using.exceptions.biblio"></a>Bibliography</h3></div></div></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="id-1.3.3.4.9.9.2"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
         <a class="link" href="http://www.opengroup.org/austin/" target="_top">
         System Interface Definitions, Issue 7 (IEEE Std. 1003.1-2008)
         </a>
@@ -274,39 +274,39 @@ is called.
      . </span><span class="copyright">Copyright © 2008 
         The Open Group/The Institute of Electrical and Electronics
         Engineers, Inc.
-      . </span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="id-1.3.3.4.8.9.3"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
+      . </span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="id-1.3.3.4.9.9.3"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
         <a class="link" href="http://www.boost.org/community/error_handling.html" target="_top">
         Error and Exception Handling
         </a>
        </em>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">David</span> <span class="surname">Abrahams </span>. </span><span class="publisher"><span class="publishername">
         Boost
-      . </span></span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="id-1.3.3.4.8.9.4"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
+      . </span></span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="id-1.3.3.4.9.9.4"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
         <a class="link" href="http://www.boost.org/community/exception_safety.html" target="_top">
         Exception-Safety in Generic Components
         </a>
        </em>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">David</span> <span class="surname">Abrahams</span>. </span><span class="publisher"><span class="publishername">
         Boost
-      . </span></span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="id-1.3.3.4.8.9.5"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
+      . </span></span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="id-1.3.3.4.9.9.5"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
         <a class="link" href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/1997/N1077.pdf" target="_top">
         Standard Library Exception Policy
         </a>
        </em>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Matt</span> <span class="surname">Austern</span>. </span><span class="publisher"><span class="publishername">
         WG21 N1077
-      . </span></span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="id-1.3.3.4.8.9.6"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
+      . </span></span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="id-1.3.3.4.9.9.6"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
         <a class="link" href="http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-patches/2001-03/msg00661.html" target="_top">
         ia64 c++ abi exception handling
         </a>
        </em>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Richard</span> <span class="surname">Henderson</span>. </span><span class="publisher"><span class="publishername">
         GNU
-      . </span></span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="id-1.3.3.4.8.9.7"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
+      . </span></span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="id-1.3.3.4.9.9.7"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
         <a class="link" href="http://www.research.att.com/~bs/3rd_safe.pdf" target="_top">
         Appendix E: Standard-Library Exception Safety
         </a>
-      </em>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Bjarne</span> <span class="surname">Stroustrup</span>. </span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="id-1.3.3.4.8.9.8"></a><p><span class="citetitle"><em class="citetitle">
+      </em>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Bjarne</span> <span class="surname">Stroustrup</span>. </span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="id-1.3.3.4.9.9.8"></a><p><span class="citetitle"><em class="citetitle">
        Exceptional C++
      </em>. </span><span class="pagenums">
        Exception-Safety Issues and Techniques
-    . </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Herb</span> <span class="surname">Sutter</span>. </span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="id-1.3.3.4.8.9.9"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
+    . </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Herb</span> <span class="surname">Sutter</span>. </span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="id-1.3.3.4.9.9.9"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
         <a class="link" href="http://gcc.gnu.org/PR25191" target="_top">
        GCC Bug 25191: exception_defines.h #defines try/catch
         </a>
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/using_macros.html b/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/using_macros.html

index bac3f363080b6b0a6ad9a23e67e6575528e33dd5..4bb99b1f5d2b9d7ab2994df73909ea48d13bce6e 100644 (file)
--- a/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/using_macros.html
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/using_macros.html
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Macros</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.78.1" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, library" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, runtime, library" /><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The GNU C++ Library" /><link rel="up" href="using.html" title="Chapter 3. Using" /><link rel="prev" href="using_headers.html" title="Headers" /><link rel="next" href="using_namespaces.html" title="Namespaces" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Macros</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="using_headers.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 3. Using</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="using_namespaces.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="manual.intro.using.macros"></a>Macros</h2></div></div></div><p>
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Macros</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.78.1" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, library" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, runtime, library" /><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The GNU C++ Library" /><link rel="up" href="using.html" title="Chapter 3. Using" /><link rel="prev" href="using_headers.html" title="Headers" /><link rel="next" href="using_dual_abi.html" title="Dual ABI" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Macros</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="using_headers.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 3. Using</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="using_dual_abi.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="manual.intro.using.macros"></a>Macros</h2></div></div></div><p>
       All library macros begin with <code class="code">_GLIBCXX_</code>.
     </p><p>
       Furthermore, all pre-processor macros, switches, and
@@ -50,6 +50,17 @@
         be useful in updating old C++ code which no longer meet the
         requirements of the language, or for checking current code
         against new language standards.
+    </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="code">_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI</code></span></dt><dd><p>
+        Defined to the value <code class="literal">1</code> by default.
+        Configurable via  <code class="code">--disable-libstdcxx-dual-abi</code>
+        and/or <code class="code">--with-default-libstdcxx-abi</code>.
+        ABI-changing.
+        When defined to a non-zero value the library headers will use the
+        new C++11-conforming ABI introduced in GCC 5, rather than the older
+        ABI introduced in GCC 3.4. This changes the definition of several
+        class templates, including <code class="classname">std:string</code>,
+        <code class="classname">std::list</code> and some locale facets.
+        For more details see <a class="xref" href="using_dual_abi.html" title="Dual ABI">Dual ABI</a>.
      </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="code">_GLIBCXX_CONCEPT_CHECKS</code></span></dt><dd><p>
         Undefined by default.  Configurable via
         <code class="code">--enable-concept-checks</code>.  When defined, performs
@@ -71,4 +82,4 @@
        </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="code">_GLIBCXX_PROFILE</code></span></dt><dd><p>Undefined by default. When defined, compiles user code
         using the <a class="link" href="profile_mode.html" title="Chapter 19. Profile Mode">profile
         mode</a>.
-      </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="using_headers.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="using.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="using_namespaces.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Headers </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Namespaces</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
-\ No newline at end of file
+      </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="using_headers.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="using.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="using_dual_abi.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Headers </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Dual ABI</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
+\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/using_namespaces.html b/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/using_namespaces.html

index 224c7d6bf57b675a928b55e44a67b4720416d794..0fe9ce333994ba5097c42c40b9d37861d454f6fe 100644 (file)
--- a/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/using_namespaces.html
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/using_namespaces.html
@@ -1,16 +1,19 @@
  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Namespaces</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.78.1" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, library" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, runtime, library" /><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The GNU C++ Library" /><link rel="up" href="using.html" title="Chapter 3. Using" /><link rel="prev" href="using_macros.html" title="Macros" /><link rel="next" href="using_dynamic_or_shared.html" title="Linking" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Namespaces</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="using_macros.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 3. Using</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="using_dynamic_or_shared.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="manual.intro.using.namespaces"></a>Namespaces</h2></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="manual.intro.using.namespaces.all"></a>Available Namespaces</h3></div></div></div><p> There are three main namespaces.
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Namespaces</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.78.1" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, library" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, runtime, library" /><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The GNU C++ Library" /><link rel="up" href="using.html" title="Chapter 3. Using" /><link rel="prev" href="using_dual_abi.html" title="Dual ABI" /><link rel="next" href="using_dynamic_or_shared.html" title="Linking" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Namespaces</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="using_dual_abi.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 3. Using</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="using_dynamic_or_shared.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="manual.intro.using.namespaces"></a>Namespaces</h2></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="manual.intro.using.namespaces.all"></a>Available Namespaces</h3></div></div></div><p> There are three main namespaces.
  </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>std</p><p>The ISO C++ standards specify that "all library entities are defined
  within namespace std." This includes namespaces nested
-within <code class="code">namespace std</code>, such as <code class="code">namespace
-std::tr1</code>.
+within namespace <code class="code">std</code>, such as namespace
+<code class="code">std::chrono</code>.
  </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>abi</p><p>Specified by the C++ ABI. This ABI specifies a number of type and
  function APIs supplemental to those required by the ISO C++ Standard,
  but necessary for interoperability.
  </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>__gnu_</p><p>Indicating one of several GNU extensions. Choices
  include <code class="code">__gnu_cxx</code>, <code class="code">__gnu_debug</code>, <code class="code">__gnu_parallel</code>,
  and <code class="code">__gnu_pbds</code>.
-</p></li></ul></div><p> A complete list of implementation namespaces (including namespace contents) is available in the generated source <a class="link" href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/latest-doxygen/namespaces.html" target="_top">documentation</a>.
+</p></li></ul></div><p> The library uses a number of inline namespaces as implementation
+details that are not intended for users to refer to directly, these include
+<code class="code">std::__detail</code>, <code class="code">std::__cxx11</code> and <code class="code">std::_V2</code>.
+</p><p> A complete list of implementation namespaces (including namespace contents) is available in the generated source <a class="link" href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/latest-doxygen/namespaces.html" target="_top">documentation</a>.
  </p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="manual.intro.using.namespaces.std"></a>namespace std</h3></div></div></div><p>
        One standard requirement is that the library components are defined
        in <code class="code">namespace std::</code>. Thus, in order to use these types or
@@ -57,4 +60,4 @@ namespace gtk
           std::string;</code> (depending on whether the system has
         libstdc++ in <code class="code">std::</code> or not).  (ideas from
         Llewelly and Karl Nelson)
-</p></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="using_macros.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="using.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="using_dynamic_or_shared.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Macros </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Linking</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
-\ No newline at end of file
+</p></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="using_dual_abi.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="using.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="using_dynamic_or_shared.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Dual ABI </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Linking</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
+\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/doc/xml/manual/configure.xml b/libstdc++-v3/doc/xml/manual/configure.xml

index a6e0c212cff01881fc3f75a2791d71c1cbf75063..56d071ec46917936520365c5277b4feb67f7f0ba 100644 (file)
--- a/libstdc++-v3/doc/xml/manual/configure.xml
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/doc/xml/manual/configure.xml
@@ -385,18 +385,22 @@
  <varlistentry><term><code>--disable-libstdcxx-dual-abi</code></term>
   <listitem>
     <para>
-     Disable support for the new, C++11-conforming <code>std::string</code>
-     implementation.  This option changes the library ABI.
+     Disable support for the new, C++11-conforming implementations of
+     <code>std::string</code>, <code>std::list</code> etc. so that the
+     library only provides definitions of types using the old ABI
+     (see <xref linkend="manual.intro.using.abi"/>).
+     This option changes the library ABI.
     </para>
   </listitem></varlistentry>
  
-<varlistentry><term><code>--with-default-libstdcxx-abi</code></term>
+<varlistentry><term><code>--with-default-libstdcxx-abi=</code><replaceable>OPTION</replaceable></term>
   <listitem>
     <para>
-     By default, the new <code>std::string</code> implementation will be
-     declared and a macro must be defined to declare the old implementation
-     instead. That default can be reversed by configuring the library with
-     <code>--with-default-libstdcxx-abi=c++98</code>.
+     Set the default value for the <symbol>_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI</symbol>
+     macro (see <xref linkend="manual.intro.using.macros"/>).
+     The default is <option>OPTION=c++11</option> which sets the macro to
+     <literal>1</literal>,
+     use <option>OPTION=c++98</option> to set it to <literal>0</literal>.
       This option does not change the library ABI.
     </para>
   </listitem></varlistentry>
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/doc/xml/manual/strings.xml b/libstdc++-v3/doc/xml/manual/strings.xml

index 6a94fa22cb4905824dbeff406ce1d53d13eac273..101f8cd3331b818e4f875c95e06c38e07d28c601 100644 (file)
--- a/libstdc++-v3/doc/xml/manual/strings.xml
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/doc/xml/manual/strings.xml
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ stringtok(Container &amp;container, string const &amp;in,
        a <code>vector</code>'s memory usage
        (see <link linkend="faq.size_equals_capacity">this FAQ
        entry</link>) but the regular copy constructor cannot be used
-      because libstdc++'s <code>string</code> is Copy-On-Write.
+      because libstdc++'s <code>string</code> is Copy-On-Write in GCC 3.
     </para>
     <para>In <link linkend="status.iso.2011">C++11</link> mode you can call
        <code>s.shrink_to_fit()</code> to achieve the same effect as
diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/doc/xml/manual/using.xml b/libstdc++-v3/doc/xml/manual/using.xml

index 0ce440703ddd9fca7573721526b220d722e3950e..8b4af1a5ed2d5c819f775047a46ce8232aa4f34e 100644 (file)
--- a/libstdc++-v3/doc/xml/manual/using.xml
+++ b/libstdc++-v3/doc/xml/manual/using.xml
@@ -875,6 +875,22 @@ g++ -Winvalid-pch -I. -include stdc++.h -H -g -O2 hello.cc -o test.exe
      </para>
      </listitem></varlistentry>
  
+    <varlistentry><term><code>_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI</code></term>
+    <listitem>
+      <para>
+        Defined to the value <literal>1</literal> by default.
+        Configurable via  <code>--disable-libstdcxx-dual-abi</code>
+        and/or <code>--with-default-libstdcxx-abi</code>.
+        ABI-changing.
+        When defined to a non-zero value the library headers will use the
+        new C++11-conforming ABI introduced in GCC 5, rather than the older
+        ABI introduced in GCC 3.4. This changes the definition of several
+        class templates, including <classname>std:string</classname>,
+        <classname>std::list</classname> and some locale facets.
+        For more details see <xref linkend="manual.intro.using.abi"/>.
+    </para>
+    </listitem></varlistentry>
+
      <varlistentry><term><code>_GLIBCXX_CONCEPT_CHECKS</code></term>
      <listitem>
        <para>
@@ -922,6 +938,94 @@ g++ -Winvalid-pch -I. -include stdc++.h -H -g -O2 hello.cc -o test.exe
  
    </section>
  
+<section xml:id="manual.intro.using.abi" xreflabel="Dual ABI">
+  <info><title>Dual ABI</title></info>
+  <?dbhtml filename="using_dual_abi.html"?>
+
+<para> In the GCC 5.1 release libstdc++ introduced a new library ABI that
+  includes new implementations of <classname>std::string</classname> and
+  <classname>std::list</classname>. These changes were necessary to conform
+  to the 2011 C++ standard which forbids Copy-On-Write strings and requires
+  lists to keep track of their size.
+</para>
+
+<para> In order to maintain backwards compatibility for existing code linked
+  to libstdc++ the library's soname has not changed and the old
+  implementations are still supported in parallel with the new ones.
+  This is achieved by defining the new implementations in an inline namespace
+  so they have different names for linkage purposes, e.g. the new version of
+  <classname>std::list&lt;int&gt;</classname> is actually defined as
+  <classname>std::__cxx11::list&lt;int&gt;</classname>. Because the symbols
+  for the new implementations have different names the definitions for both
+  versions can be present in the same library.
+</para>
+
+<para> The <symbol>_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI</symbol> macro (see
+<xref linkend="manual.intro.using.macros"/>) controls whether
+  the declarations in the library headers use the old or new ABI.
+  So the decision of which ABI to use can be made separately for each
+  source file being compiled.
+  Using the default configuration options for GCC the default value
+  of the macro is <literal>1</literal> which causes the new ABI to be active,
+  so to use the old ABI you must explicitly define the macro to
+  <literal>0</literal> before including any library headers.
+  (Be aware that some GNU/Linux distributions configure GCC 5 differently so
+  that the default value of the macro is <literal>0</literal> and users must
+  define it to <literal>1</literal> to enable the new ABI.)
+</para>
+
+<para> Although the changes were made for C++11 conformance, the choice of ABI
+  to use is independent of the <option>-std</option> option used to compile
+  your code, i.e. for a given GCC build the default value of the
+  <symbol>_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI</symbol> macro is the same for all dialects.
+  This ensures that the <option>-std</option> does not change the ABI, so
+  that it is straightforward to link C++03 and C++11 code together.
+</para>
+
+<para> Because <classname>std::string</classname> is used extensively
+  throughout the library a number of other types are also defined twice,
+  including the stringstream classes and several facets used by
+  <classname>std::locale</classname>. The standard facets which are always
+  installed in a locale may be present twice, with both ABIs, to ensure that
+  code like
+  <code>std::use_facet&lt;std::time_get&lt;char&gt;&gt;(locale);</code>
+  will work correctly for both <classname>std::time_get</classname> and
+  <classname>std::__cxx11::time_get</classname> (even if a user-defined
+  facet that derives from one or other version of
+  <classname>time_get</classname> is installed in the locale).
+</para>
+
+<para> Although the standard exception types defined in
+  <filename clas="headerfile">&lt;stdexcept&gt;</filename> use strings, they
+  are not defined twice, so that a <classname>std::out_of_range</classname>
+  exception thrown in one file can always be caught by a suitable handler in
+  another file, even if the two files are compiled with different ABIs.
+</para>
+
+<section xml:id="manual.intro.using.abi.trouble" xreflabel="Dual ABI Troubleshooting"><info><title>Troubleshooting</title></info>
+
+<para> If you get linker errors about undefined references to symbols
+  that involve types in the <code>std::__cxx11</code> namespace or the tag
+  <code>[abi:cxx11]</code> then it probably indicates that you are trying to
+  link together object files that were compiled with different values for the
+  <symbol>_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI</symbol> macro. This commonly happens when
+  linking to a third-party library that was compiled with an older version
+  of GCC. If the third-party library cannot be rebuilt with the new ABI then
+  you will need to recompile your code with the old ABI.
+</para>
+
+<para> Not all uses of the new ABI will cause changes in symbol names, for
+  example a class with a <classname>std::string</classname> member variable
+  will have the same mangled name whether compiled with the old or new ABI.
+  In order to detect such problems the new types and functions are
+  annotated with the <property>abi_tag</property> attribute, allowing the
+  compiler to warn about potential ABI incompatibilities in code using them.
+  Those warnings can be enabled with the <option>-Wabi-tag</option> option.
+</para>
+
+</section>
+</section>
+
    <section xml:id="manual.intro.using.namespaces" xreflabel="Namespaces"><info><title>Namespaces</title></info>
      <?dbhtml filename="using_namespaces.html"?>
      
@@ -956,6 +1060,11 @@ and <code>__gnu_pbds</code>.
  </para></listitem>
  </itemizedlist>
  
+<para> The library uses a number of inline namespaces as implementation
+details that are not intended for users to refer to directly, these include
+<code>std::__detail</code>, <code>std::__cxx11</code> and <code>std::_V2</code>.
+</para>
+
  <para> A complete list of implementation namespaces (including namespace contents) is available in the generated source <link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/latest-doxygen/namespaces.html">documentation</link>.
  </para>
author	Jonathan Wakely <jwakely@redhat.com>
	Tue, 21 Apr 2015 10:38:43 +0000 (11:38 +0100)
committer	Jonathan Wakely <redi@gcc.gnu.org>
	Tue, 21 Apr 2015 10:38:43 +0000 (11:38 +0100)
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