@node Top
@top Using @value{AS}
-This file is a user guide to the GNU assembler @code{@value{AS}}.
+This file is a user guide to the @sc{gnu} assembler @code{@value{AS}}.
@ifclear GENERIC
This version of the file describes @code{@value{AS}} configured to generate
code for @value{TARGET} architectures.
@node Overview
@chapter Overview
@iftex
-This manual is a user guide to the GNU assembler @code{@value{AS}}.
+This manual is a user guide to the @sc{gnu} assembler @code{@value{AS}}.
@ifclear GENERIC
This version of the manual describes @code{@value{AS}} configured to generate
code for @value{TARGET} architectures.
Throughout this manual, we assume that you are running @dfn{GNU},
the portable operating system from the @dfn{Free Software
Foundation, Inc.}. This restricts our attention to certain kinds of
-computer (in particular, the kinds of computers that GNU can run on);
+computer (in particular, the kinds of computers that @sc{gnu} can run on);
once this assumption is granted examples and definitions need less
qualification.
@node GNU Assembler
@section @value{AS}, the GNU Assembler
-GNU @code{as} is really a family of assemblers.
+@sc{gnu} @code{as} is really a family of assemblers.
@ifclear GENERIC
This manual describes @code{@value{AS}}, a member of that family which is
configured for the @value{TARGET} architectures.
@end ifclear
-If you use (or have used) the GNU assembler on one architecture, you
+If you use (or have used) the @sc{gnu} assembler on one architecture, you
should find a fairly similar environment when you use it on another
architecture. Each version has much in common with the others,
including object file formats, most assembler directives (often called
@cindex purpose of @sc{gnu} @code{@value{AS}}
@code{@value{AS}} is primarily intended to assemble the output of the
-GNU C compiler @code{@value{GCC}} for use by the linker
+@sc{gnu} C compiler @code{@value{GCC}} for use by the linker
@code{@value{LD}}. Nevertheless, we've tried to make @code{@value{AS}}
assemble correctly everything that other assemblers for the same
machine would assemble.
@section Object File Formats
@cindex object file format
-The GNU assembler can be configured to produce several alternative
+The @sc{gnu} assembler can be configured to produce several alternative
object file formats. For the most part, this does not affect how you
write assembly language programs; but directives for debugging symbols
are typically different in different file formats. @xref{Symbol
Some options expect exactly one file name to follow them. The file
name may either immediately follow the option's letter (compatible
-with older assemblers) or it may be the next command argument (GNU
+with older assemblers) or it may be the next command argument (@sc{gnu}
standard). These two command lines are equivalent:
@smallexample
@cindex options, all versions of @code{@value{AS}}
This chapter describes command-line options available in @emph{all}
-versions of the GNU assembler; @pxref{Machine Dependencies}, for options specific
+versions of the @sc{gnu} assembler; @pxref{Machine Dependencies}, for options specific
@ifclear GENERIC
to the @value{TARGET}.
@end ifclear
to particular machine architectures.
@end ifset
-If you are invoking @code{@value{AS}} via the GNU C compiler (version 2), you
+If you are invoking @code{@value{AS}} via the @sc{gnu} C compiler (version 2), you
can use the @samp{-Wa} option to pass arguments through to the
assembler. The assembler arguments must be separated from each other
(and the @samp{-Wa}) by commas. For example:
Usually you do not need to use this @samp{-Wa} mechanism, since many compiler
command-line options are automatically passed to the assembler by the compiler.
-(You can call the GNU compiler driver with the @samp{-v} option to see
+(You can call the @sc{gnu} compiler driver with the @samp{-v} option to see
precisely what options it passes to each compilation pass, including the
assembler.)
@kindex -K
@ifclear DIFF-TBL-KLUGE
On the @value{TARGET} family, this option is allowed, but has no effect. It is
-permitted for compatibility with the GNU assembler on other platforms,
+permitted for compatibility with the @sc{gnu} assembler on other platforms,
where it can be used to warn when the assembler alters the machine code
generated for @samp{.word} directives in difference tables. The @value{TARGET}
family does not have the addressing limitations that sometimes lead to this
@end smallexample
@c TEXI2ROFF-KILL
@end ifinfo
-@c FIXME make sure no page breaks inside figure!!
+@need 5000
@tex
\line{\it Partial program \#1: \hfil}
a choice of 10 forward references. The @samp{b} stands for
``backwards'' and the @samp{f} stands for ``forwards''.
-Local symbols are not emitted by the current GNU C compiler.
+Local symbols are not emitted by the current @sc{gnu} C compiler.
There is no restriction on how you can use these labels, but
remember that at any point in the assembly you can refer to at most
The rest of the name is letters, usually in lower case.
This chapter discusses directives that are available regardless of the
-target machine configuration for the GNU assembler.
+target machine configuration for the @sc{gnu} assembler.
@ifset GENERIC
Some machine configurations provide additional directives.
@xref{Machine Dependencies}.
compatibility with other AMD 29K assemblers.
@quotation
-@emph{Warning:} In most versions of the GNU assembler, the directive
+@emph{Warning:} In most versions of the @sc{gnu} assembler, the directive
@code{.space} has the effect of @code{.block} @xref{Machine Dependencies}.
@end quotation
@end ifset
This option expects a number following the @samp{-d}. Like options
that expect filenames, the number may immediately follow the
@samp{-d} (old standard) or constitute the whole of the command line
-argument that follows @samp{-d} (GNU standard).
+argument that follows @samp{-d} (@sc{gnu} standard).
@item @code{-V} (Virtualize Interpass Temporary File)
@cindex @code{-V}, redundant on VAX
@var{size} and @var{fill} are absolute expressions. If the comma
and @var{fill} are omitted, @var{fill} is assumed to be zero.
-In other versions of the GNU assembler, this directive is called
+In other versions of the @sc{gnu} assembler, this directive is called
@samp{.space}.
@end table
AMD 29K assemblers.
@quotation
-@emph{Warning:} in other versions of the GNU assembler, @code{.file} is
+@emph{Warning:} in other versions of the @sc{gnu} assembler, @code{.file} is
used for the directive called @code{.app-file} in the AMD 29K support.
@end quotation
H8/300:
@table @code
-@item .h300h
@cindex H8/300H, assembling for
+@item .h300h
Recognize and emit additional instructions for the H8/300H variant, and
also make @code{.int} emit 32-bit numbers rather than the usual (16-bit)
for the H8/300 family.
@node HPPA Notes
@section Notes
-As a back end for GNU CC @code{@value{AS}} has been throughly tested and should
+As a back end for @sc{gnu} @sc{cc} @code{@value{AS}} has been throughly tested and should
work extremely well. We have tested it only minimally on hand written assembly
code and no one has tested it much on the assembly output from the HP
compilers.
@end example
@c TEXI2ROFF-KILL
@end ifinfo
+@need 2000
@tex
\vskip 1pc
\line{\leftskip=0pt\hskip\tableindent
The first word of the header is used to locate multiple branch tables,
since each object file may contain one. Normally the links are
maintained with a call to an initialization routine, placed at the
-beginning of each function in the file. The GNU C compiler
+beginning of each function in the file. The @sc{gnu} C compiler
generates these calls automatically when you give it a @samp{-b} option.
For further details, see the documentation of @samp{gbr960}.
register to form the address of a ``small object''. Any object in the
@code{.sdata} or @code{.sbss} sections is considered ``small'' in this sense.
For external objects, or for objects in the @code{.bss} section, you can use
-the @sc{gcc} @samp{-G} option to control the size of objects addressed via
+the @code{@value{GCC}} @samp{-G} option to control the size of objects addressed via
@code{$gp}; the default value is 8, meaning that a reference to any object
eight bytes or smaller uses @code{$gp}. Passing @samp{-G 0} to
@code{@value{AS}} prevents it from using the @code{$gp} register on the basis
maintainer, and we'll correct the situation. Currently (January 1994), the
maintainer is Ken Raeburn (email address @code{raeburn@@cygnus.com}).
-Dean Elsner wrote the original GNU assembler for the VAX.@footnote{Any more
+Dean Elsner wrote the original @sc{gnu} assembler for the VAX.@footnote{Any more
details?}
Jay Fenlason maintained GAS for a while, adding support for GDB-specific debug
projects / binutils-gdb.git / commitdiff