specify app lib dependencies in Makefiles (patch 1/3)

diff --git a/progs/beos/Makefile b/progs/beos/Makefile
index 45782fb3cf7c8f2009e9b33cbe05722ca0b0053e..491e8e442d1ab6b2513f27b486ea07dc9d26455a 100644 (file)
--- a/progs/beos/Makefile
+++ b/progs/beos/Makefile
@@ -10,7 +10,9 @@ include $(TOP)/configs/current
 #
 # Modified by Philippe Houdoin
 
-LDFLAGS += -soname=_APP_ $(APP_LIB_DEPS)
+LDFLAGS += -soname=_APP_
+
+LIBS = -L$(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR) -l$(GLUT_LIB) -l$(GLU_LIB) -l$(GL_LIB) $(APP_LIB_DEPS)
 
 INCLUDES = -I. -I- -I../../include
 
@@ -21,13 +23,13 @@ clean:
        rm -f *.o
 
 demo: demo.o
-       $(LD) demo.o $(LDFLAGS) -o $@
+       $(LD) demo.o $(LDFLAGS) $(LIBS) -o $@
 
 sample: sample.o
-       $(LD) sample.o $(LDFLAGS) -o $@
+       $(LD) sample.o $(LDFLAGS) $(LIBS) -o $@
 
 GTLInfo: GLInfo.o
-       $(LD) GLInfo.o $(INCLUDES) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@
+       $(LD) GLInfo.o $(INCLUDES) $(LDFLAGS) $(LIBS) -o $@
 
 .cpp.o:
        $(CC) -c $< $(INCLUDES) $(CFLAGS) -o $@

diff --git a/progs/demos/Makefile b/progs/demos/Makefile
index 4d9eb30b68417e024dccf7e840c7cbd84b1a7317..57e56f52a3304146866044d35b3ab563868a55b2 100644 (file)
--- a/progs/demos/Makefile
+++ b/progs/demos/Makefile
@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ OSMESA32_LIBS = -L$(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR) -lglut -lOSMesa32 -lGLU -lGL $(APP_LIB_DEPS)
 
 LIB_DEP = $(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR)/$(GL_LIB_NAME) $(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR)/$(GLU_LIB_NAME) $(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR)/$(GLUT_LIB_NAME)
 
+LIBS = -L$(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR) -l$(GLUT_LIB) -l$(GLU_LIB) -l$(GL_LIB) $(APP_LIB_DEPS)
+
 PROGS = \
        arbfplight \
        arbfslight \
@@ -75,7 +77,7 @@ PROGS = \
 
 # make executable from .c file:
 .c: $(LIB_DEP) readtex.o
-       $(CC) -I$(INCDIR) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $< readtex.o $(APP_LIB_DEPS) -o $@
+       $(CC) -I$(INCDIR) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $< readtex.o $(LIBS) -o $@
 
 
 ##### TARGETS #####
@@ -119,35 +121,35 @@ extfuncs.h:  $(TOP)/progs/util/extfuncs.h
 
 
 reflect: reflect.o showbuffer.o readtex.o
-       $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) reflect.o showbuffer.o readtex.o $(APP_LIB_DEPS) -o $@
+       $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) reflect.o showbuffer.o readtex.o $(LIBS) -o $@
 
 reflect.o: reflect.c showbuffer.h
        $(CC) -c -I$(INCDIR) $(CFLAGS) reflect.c
 
 
 shadowtex: shadowtex.o showbuffer.o
-       $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) shadowtex.o showbuffer.o $(APP_LIB_DEPS) -o $@
+       $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) shadowtex.o showbuffer.o $(LIBS) -o $@
 
 shadowtex.o: shadowtex.c showbuffer.h
        $(CC) -c -I$(INCDIR) $(CFLAGS) shadowtex.c
 
 
 gloss: gloss.o trackball.o readtex.o
-       $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) gloss.o trackball.o readtex.o $(APP_LIB_DEPS) -o $@
+       $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) gloss.o trackball.o readtex.o $(LIBS) -o $@
 
 gloss.o: gloss.c trackball.h
        $(CC) -c -I$(INCDIR) $(CFLAGS) gloss.c
 
 
 engine: engine.o trackball.o readtex.o
-       $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) engine.o trackball.o readtex.o $(APP_LIB_DEPS) -o $@
+       $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) engine.o trackball.o readtex.o $(LIBS) -o $@
 
 engine.o: engine.c trackball.h
        $(CC) -c -I$(INCDIR) $(CFLAGS) engine.c
 
 
 fslight: fslight.o
-       $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) fslight.o $(APP_LIB_DEPS) -o $@
+       $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) fslight.o $(LIBS) -o $@
 
 fslight.o: fslight.c extfuncs.h
        $(CC) -c -I$(INCDIR) $(CFLAGS) fslight.c
@@ -155,7 +157,7 @@ fslight.o: fslight.c extfuncs.h
 
 
 viewdds: viewdds.c
-       $(CC) -I$(INCDIR) $(CFLAGS) $< readtex.o $(APP_LIB_DEPS) -L. -lgltc -o $@
+       $(CC) -I$(INCDIR) $(CFLAGS) $< readtex.o $(LIBS) -L. -lgltc -o $@
 
 
 clean:

diff --git a/progs/directfb/Makefile b/progs/directfb/Makefile
index e03680e51642004759e275488b7b7ebaac1d0dd3..93c2a7df14bd2e1982936e67e831bca4ac529538 100644 (file)
--- a/progs/directfb/Makefile
+++ b/progs/directfb/Makefile
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ LIB_DEP = $(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR)/$(GL_LIB_NAME) $(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR)/$(GLU_LIB_NAME)
 CFLAGS += $(shell pkg-config --cflags directfb)
 APP_LIB_DEPS += $(shell pkg-config --libs directfb)
 
+LIBS = -L$(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR) -l$(GLU_LIB) -l$(GL_LIB) $(APP_LIB_DEPS)
+
 PROGS = df_gears \
           df_reflect \
           df_morph3d \
@@ -22,7 +24,7 @@ PROGS = df_gears \
 .SUFFIXES: .c
 
 .c: $(LIB_DEP)
-       $(CC) -I$(INCDIR) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $< $(APP_LIB_DEPS) -o $@
+       $(CC) -I$(INCDIR) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $< $(LIBS) -o $@
 
 
 ##### TARGETS #####

diff --git a/progs/fbdev/Makefile b/progs/fbdev/Makefile
index 92bfd043c1312d4b931723da416be5a301f25536..56daf56f8a719d9486211e839afc65b10f134320 100644 (file)
--- a/progs/fbdev/Makefile
+++ b/progs/fbdev/Makefile
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ INCLUDES = \
        -I. \
        -I$(TOP)/include
 
+LIBS = -L$(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR) -l$(GLU_LIB) -l$(GL_LIB) $(APP_LIB_DEPS)
 
 ##### RULES #####
 
@@ -22,7 +23,7 @@ INCLUDES = \
 .SUFFIXES: .c
 
 .c:
-       $(CC) $(INCLUDES) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $< $(APP_LIB_DEPS) -o $@
+       $(CC) $(INCLUDES) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $< $(LIBS) -o $@
 
 .c.o:
        $(CC) -c $(INCLUDES) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

diff --git a/progs/fp/Makefile b/progs/fp/Makefile
index d979be83d347c3ecab37ca02113994bd448e3ed4..a395b734ef6ef2cc35a6ff004aa878f45a0cea26 100644 (file)
--- a/progs/fp/Makefile
+++ b/progs/fp/Makefile
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ TOP = ../..
 include $(TOP)/configs/current
 
 
-LIBS = $(APP_LIB_DEPS)
+LIBS = -L$(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR) -l$(GLUT_LIB) -l$(GLU_LIB) -l$(GL_LIB) $(APP_LIB_DEPS)
 
 SOURCES = \
        tri-abs.c \

diff --git a/progs/glsl/Makefile b/progs/glsl/Makefile
index 8b44239b43e08ad89e7ddb7c7c21c4a072b64dc8..fe2943d88dd354be355bc78ca293a36904a75d0d 100644 (file)
--- a/progs/glsl/Makefile
+++ b/progs/glsl/Makefile
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ INCDIR = $(TOP)/include
 
 LIB_DEP = $(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR)/$(GL_LIB_NAME) $(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR)/$(GLU_LIB_NAME) $(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR)/$(GLUT_LIB_NAME)
 
+LIBS = -L$(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR) -l$(GLUT_LIB) -l$(GLU_LIB) -l$(GL_LIB) $(APP_LIB_DEPS)
+
 PROGS = \
        bitmap \
        brick \
@@ -28,7 +30,7 @@ PROGS = \
 
 # make executable from .c file:
 .c: $(LIB_DEP)
-       $(CC) -I$(INCDIR) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $< $(APP_LIB_DEPS) -o $@
+       $(CC) -I$(INCDIR) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $< $(LIBS) -o $@
 
 
 ##### TARGETS #####
@@ -64,7 +66,7 @@ points.c: extfuncs.h
 toyball.c: extfuncs.h
 
 texdemo1: texdemo1.o readtex.o
-       $(CC) -I$(INCDIR) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) texdemo1.o readtex.o $(APP_LIB_DEPS) -o $@
+       $(CC) -I$(INCDIR) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) texdemo1.o readtex.o $(LIBS) -o $@
 
 texdemo1.o: texdemo1.c readtex.h extfuncs.h
        $(CC) -c -I$(INCDIR) $(CFLAGS) texdemo1.c

diff --git a/progs/miniglx/Makefile b/progs/miniglx/Makefile
index 56cecf408131ff3c975cf73b16b56cf550c94fbf..5d0c8eae64fadf6e04e0e3402861b96b3c40ab75 100644 (file)
--- a/progs/miniglx/Makefile
+++ b/progs/miniglx/Makefile
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ INCLUDES = \
        -I. \
        -I$(TOP)/include
 
+LIBS = -L$(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR) -l$(GLUT_LIB) -l$(GLU_LIB) -l$(GL_LIB) $(APP_LIB_DEPS)
+
 
 ##### RULES #####
 
@@ -27,7 +29,7 @@ INCLUDES = \
 .SUFFIXES: .c
 
 .c:
-       $(CC) $(INCLUDES) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $< $(APP_LIB_DEPS) -o $@
+       $(CC) $(INCLUDES) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $< $(LIBS) -o $@
 
 .c.o:
        $(CC) -c $(INCLUDES) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

diff --git a/progs/osdemos/Makefile b/progs/osdemos/Makefile
index 7e657744e36c118c45d0e3fbb49c9f4a18536d5e..148d603b35334d364ebb11b361281eb409cfbc57 100644 (file)
--- a/progs/osdemos/Makefile
+++ b/progs/osdemos/Makefile
@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ OSMESA32_LIBS = -L$(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR) -lglut -lOSMesa32 -lGLU -lGL $(APP_LIB_DEPS)
 
 LIB_DEP = $(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR)/$(GL_LIB_NAME) $(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR)/$(GLU_LIB_NAME) $(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR)/$(GLUT_LIB_NAME)
 
+LIBS = -L$(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR) -l$(GLUT_LIB) -l$(GLU_LIB) -l$(GL_LIB) $(APP_LIB_DEPS)
+
 PROGS = \
        osdemo \
        ostest1
@@ -26,7 +28,7 @@ PROGS = \
 
 # make executable from .c file:
 .c: $(LIB_DEP) readtex.o
-       $(CC) -I$(INCDIR) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $< readtex.o $(APP_LIB_DEPS) -o $@
+       $(CC) -I$(INCDIR) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $< readtex.o $(LIBS) -o $@
 
 
 ##### TARGETS #####

diff --git a/progs/redbook/Makefile b/progs/redbook/Makefile
index 078f19125a83ceb97d7283ea932c6f92c5bde341..7ba676c265b72d0647e57e6fd495ef911151f72f 100644 (file)
--- a/progs/redbook/Makefile
+++ b/progs/redbook/Makefile
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ INCDIR = $(TOP)/include
 
 LIB_DEP = $(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR)/$(GL_LIB_NAME) $(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR)/$(GLU_LIB_NAME) $(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR)/$(GLUT_LIB_NAME)
 
+LIBS = -L$(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR) -l$(GLUT_LIB) -l$(GLU_LIB) -l$(GL_LIB) $(APP_LIB_DEPS)
+
 PROGS = aaindex aapoly aargb accanti accpersp alpha alpha3D anti \
        bezcurve bezmesh checker clip colormat cube depthcue dof \
        double drawf feedback fog fogindex font hello image light \
@@ -24,7 +26,7 @@ PROGS = aaindex aapoly aargb accanti accpersp alpha alpha3D anti \
 .SUFFIXES: .c
 
 .c: $(LIB_DEP)
-       $(CC) -I$(INCDIR) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $< $(APP_LIB_DEPS) -o $@
+       $(CC) -I$(INCDIR) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $< $(LIBS) -o $@
 
 
 

diff --git a/progs/samples/Makefile b/progs/samples/Makefile
index 8c99e8df250a9520d0d97655f2e6a18cc762b92e..6509a559a50287e7c899e6da82ffcde7d76b74d9 100644 (file)
--- a/progs/samples/Makefile
+++ b/progs/samples/Makefile
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ INCDIR = $(TOP)/include
 
 LIB_DEP = $(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR)/$(GL_LIB_NAME) $(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR)/$(GLU_LIB_NAME) $(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR)/$(GLUT_LIB_NAME)
 
+LIBS = -L$(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR) -l$(GLUT_LIB) -l$(GLU_LIB) -l$(GL_LIB) $(APP_LIB_DEPS)
+
 PROGS = accum bitmap1 bitmap2 blendeq blendxor copy cursor depth eval fog \
        font line logo nurb olympic overlay point prim quad select \
        shape sphere star stencil stretch texture tri wave
@@ -18,7 +20,7 @@ PROGS = accum bitmap1 bitmap2 blendeq blendxor copy cursor depth eval fog \
 .SUFFIXES: .c
 
 .c: $(LIB_DEP)
-       $(CC) -I$(INCDIR) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $< $(APP_LIB_DEPS) -o $@
+       $(CC) -I$(INCDIR) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $< $(LIBS) -o $@
 
 
 ##### TARGETS #####
@@ -27,7 +29,7 @@ default: $(PROGS)
 
 
 sphere: sphere.o readtex.o
-       $(CC) -I$(INCDIR) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) sphere.o readtex.o $(APP_LIB_DEPS) -o $@
+       $(CC) -I$(INCDIR) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) sphere.o readtex.o $(LIBS) -o $@
 
 sphere.o: sphere.c readtex.h
        $(CC) -c -I$(INCDIR) $(CFLAGS) sphere.c

diff --git a/progs/slang/Makefile b/progs/slang/Makefile
index 61db26d080769e6a31471477e4c9fbc395a008f8..ea1e9b6afdd143e04fcd9bab03494c4b09f70530 100644 (file)
--- a/progs/slang/Makefile
+++ b/progs/slang/Makefile
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ INCDIR = $(TOP)/include
 
 LIB_DEP = $(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR)/$(GL_LIB_NAME)
 
+LIBS = -L$(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR) -l$(GLUT_LIB) -l$(GLU_LIB) -l$(GL_LIB) $(APP_LIB_DEPS)
+
 #
 # targets
 #
@@ -29,13 +31,13 @@ clean:
 #
 
 cltest: cltest.o framework.o $(LIB_DEP)
-       $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) cltest.o framework.o $(APP_LIB_DEPS) -o cltest
+       $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) cltest.o framework.o $(LIBS) -o cltest
 
 sotest: sotest.o framework.o $(LIB_DEP)
-       $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) sotest.o framework.o $(APP_LIB_DEPS) -o sotest
+       $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) sotest.o framework.o $(LIBS) -o sotest
 
 vstest: vstest.o framework.o $(LIB_DEP)
-       $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) vstest.o framework.o $(APP_LIB_DEPS) -o vstest
+       $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) vstest.o framework.o $(LIBS) -o vstest
 
 #
 # objects

diff --git a/progs/tests/Makefile b/progs/tests/Makefile
index e8d0edda3a3f70642bf7f836d1d6f2b86812ad0b..454b0adf9c18020ad4d3aa7579f633a08f81f3c5 100644 (file)
--- a/progs/tests/Makefile
+++ b/progs/tests/Makefile
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ TOP = ../..
 include $(TOP)/configs/current
 
 
-LIBS = $(APP_LIB_DEPS)
+LIBS = -L$(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR) -l$(GLUT_LIB) -l$(GLU_LIB) -l$(GL_LIB) $(APP_LIB_DEPS)
 
 SOURCES = \
        afsmultiarb.c \

diff --git a/progs/trivial/Makefile b/progs/trivial/Makefile
index 259e20aa57d5cd7bf423100bc71e543fdffe588b..7610a5df08c0f6885049b2eab1267d7a25aef7a3 100644 (file)
--- a/progs/trivial/Makefile
+++ b/progs/trivial/Makefile
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ TOP = ../..
 include $(TOP)/configs/current
 
 
-LIBS = $(APP_LIB_DEPS)
+LIBS = -L$(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR) -l$(GLUT_LIB) -l$(GLU_LIB) -l$(GL_LIB) $(APP_LIB_DEPS)
 
 SOURCES = \
        clear.c \

diff --git a/progs/vp/Makefile b/progs/vp/Makefile
index 4952a52fc987cc884bf69bd1735ecf54fa0382c8..3349fd5342856aa2782cb16711179f1256e7d0dd 100644 (file)
--- a/progs/vp/Makefile
+++ b/progs/vp/Makefile
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ TOP = ../..
 include $(TOP)/configs/current
 
 
-LIBS = $(APP_LIB_DEPS)
+LIBS = -L$(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR) -l$(GLUT_LIB) -l$(GLU_LIB) -l$(GL_LIB) $(APP_LIB_DEPS)
 
 SOURCES = \
        vp-tris.c

diff --git a/progs/xdemos/Makefile b/progs/xdemos/Makefile
index a7ba9afcac7f50eea2e1a33852de8f995f389d1c..d49b3d2f5c228cba32cdb197ad7d2e713f403611 100644 (file)
--- a/progs/xdemos/Makefile
+++ b/progs/xdemos/Makefile
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ INCDIR = $(TOP)/include
 
 LIB_DEP = $(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR)/$(GL_LIB_NAME) $(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR)/$(GLU_LIB_NAME)
 
+LIBS = -L$(TOP)/$(LIB_DIR) -l$(GLU_LIB) -l$(GL_LIB) $(APP_LIB_DEPS)
+
 PROGS = \
        corender \
        glthreads \
@@ -41,7 +43,7 @@ PROGS = \
 .SUFFIXES: .c
 
 .c: $(LIB_DEP)
-       $(CC) -I$(INCDIR) $(X11_INCLUDES) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $< $(APP_LIB_DEPS) -o $@
+       $(CC) -I$(INCDIR) $(X11_INCLUDES) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $< $(LIBS) -o $@
 
 
 ##### TARGETS #####
@@ -56,10 +58,10 @@ clean:
 
 # special cases
 pbinfo: pbinfo.o pbutil.o
-       $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) pbinfo.o pbutil.o $(APP_LIB_DEPS) -o $@
+       $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) pbinfo.o pbutil.o $(LIBS) -o $@
 
 pbdemo: pbdemo.o pbutil.o
-       $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) pbdemo.o pbutil.o $(APP_LIB_DEPS) -o $@
+       $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) pbdemo.o pbutil.o $(LIBS) -o $@
 
 pbinfo.o: pbinfo.c pbutil.h
        $(CC) -c -I. -I$(INCDIR) $(X11_INCLUDES) $(CFLAGS) pbinfo.c
@@ -71,13 +73,13 @@ pbutil.o: pbutil.c pbutil.h
        $(CC) -c -I. -I$(INCDIR) $(X11_INCLUDES) $(CFLAGS) pbutil.c
 
 glxgears_fbconfig: glxgears_fbconfig.o pbutil.o
-       $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) glxgears_fbconfig.o pbutil.o $(APP_LIB_DEPS) -o $@
+       $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) glxgears_fbconfig.o pbutil.o $(LIBS) -o $@
 
 glxgears_fbconfig.o: glxgears_fbconfig.c pbutil.h
        $(CC) -I$(INCDIR) $(X11_INCLUDES) $(CFLAGS) -c -I. $(CFLAGS) glxgears_fbconfig.c
 
 xrotfontdemo: xrotfontdemo.o xuserotfont.o
-       $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) xrotfontdemo.o xuserotfont.o $(APP_LIB_DEPS) -o $@
+       $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) xrotfontdemo.o xuserotfont.o $(LIBS) -o $@
 
 xuserotfont.o: xuserotfont.c xuserotfont.h
        $(CC) -c -I. -I$(INCDIR) $(X11_INCLUDES) $(CFLAGS) xuserotfont.c
@@ -86,10 +88,10 @@ xrotfontdemo.o: xrotfontdemo.c xuserotfont.h
        $(CC) -c -I. -I$(INCDIR) $(X11_INCLUDES) $(CFLAGS) xrotfontdemo.c
 
 corender: corender.o ipc.o
-       $(CC) $(CFLAGS) corender.o ipc.o $(APP_LIB_DEPS) -o $@
+       $(CC) $(CFLAGS) corender.o ipc.o $(LIBS) -o $@
 
 corender.o: corender.c ipc.h
        $(CC) -c -I. -I$(INCDIR) $(X11_INCLUDES) $(CFLAGS) corender.c
 
 ipc.o: ipc.c ipc.h
-       $(CC) -c -I. -I$(INCDIR) $(X11_INCLUDES) $(CFLAGS) ipc.c
\ No newline at end of file
+       $(CC) -c -I. -I$(INCDIR) $(X11_INCLUDES) $(CFLAGS) ipc.c