From: Gabe Black Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2009 07:59:25 +0000 (-0800) Subject: X86: Refactor and clean up the keyboard controller. X-Git-Url: https://git.libre-soc.org/?a=commitdiff_plain;h=c2c5740b98c6601385e143c88aefbd827422f717;p=gem5.git X86: Refactor and clean up the keyboard controller. --- diff --git a/src/dev/x86/i8042.cc b/src/dev/x86/i8042.cc index 7dff49823..78ce307ae 100644 --- a/src/dev/x86/i8042.cc +++ b/src/dev/x86/i8042.cc @@ -36,79 +36,12 @@ // The 8042 has a whopping 32 bytes of internal RAM. const uint8_t RamSize = 32; const uint8_t NumOutputBits = 14; -const uint8_t KeyboardID[] = {0xab, 0x83}; -const uint8_t MouseID[] = {0x00}; +const uint8_t X86ISA::PS2Keyboard::ID[] = {0xab, 0x83}; +const uint8_t X86ISA::PS2Mouse::ID[] = {0x00}; const uint8_t CommandAck = 0xfa; const uint8_t CommandNack = 0xfe; const uint8_t BatSuccessful = 0xaa; -enum Port64Command -{ - GetCommandByte = 0x20, - ReadControllerRamBase = 0x20, - WriteCommandByte = 0x60, - WriteControllerRamBase = 0x60, - CheckForPassword = 0xA4, - LoadPassword = 0xA5, - CheckPassword = 0xA6, - DisableMouse = 0xA7, - EnableMouse = 0xA8, - TestMouse = 0xA9, - SelfTest = 0xAA, - InterfaceTest = 0xAB, - DiagnosticDump = 0xAC, - DisableKeyboard = 0xAD, - EnableKeyboard = 0xAE, - ReadInputPort = 0xC0, - ContinuousPollLow = 0xC1, - ContinuousPollHigh = 0xC2, - ReadOutputPort = 0xD0, - WriteOutputPort = 0xD1, - WriteKeyboardOutputBuff = 0xD2, - WriteMouseOutputBuff = 0xD3, - WriteToMouse = 0xD4, - DisableA20 = 0xDD, - EnableA20 = 0xDF, - ReadTestInputs = 0xE0, - PulseOutputBitBase = 0xF0, - SystemReset = 0xFE -}; - -enum Port60Command -{ - MouseScale1to1 = 0xE6, - MouseScale2to1 = 0xE7, - SetMouseResolution = 0xE8, - MouseGetStatus = 0xE9, - MouseReadData = 0xEB, - MouseResetWrapMode = 0xEC, - LEDWrite = 0xED, - DiagnosticEcho = 0xEE, - MouseWrapMode = 0xEE, - AlternateScanCodes = 0xF0, - MouseRemoteMode = 0xF0, - ReadKeyboardID = 0xF2, - ReadMouseID = 0xF2, - TypematicInfo = 0xF3, - MouseSampleRate = 0xF3, - KeyboardEnable = 0xF4, - MouseEnableReporting = 0xF4, - KeyboardDisable = 0xF5, - MouseDisableReporting = 0xF5, - DefaultsAndDisableKeyboard = 0xF6, - DefaultsAndDisableMouse = 0xF6, - AllKeysToTypematic = 0xF7, - AllKeysToMakeRelease = 0xF8, - AllKeysToMake = 0xF9, - AllKeysToTypematicMakeRelease = 0xFA, - KeyToTypematic = 0xFB, - KeyToMakeRelease = 0xFC, - KeyToMakeOnly = 0xFD, - Resend = 0xFE, - KeyboardReset = 0xFF, - MouseReset = 0xFF -}; - void X86ISA::I8042::addressRanges(AddrRangeList &range_list) { @@ -117,80 +50,46 @@ X86ISA::I8042::addressRanges(AddrRangeList &range_list) range_list.push_back(RangeSize(commandPort, 1)); } -bool -X86ISA::I8042::writeData(uint8_t newData, bool mouse) -{ - if (!statusReg.outputFull) { - DPRINTF(I8042, "Set data %#02x.\n", newData); - dataReg = newData; - statusReg.outputFull = 1; - statusReg.mouseOutputFull = (mouse ? 1 : 0); - return true; - } else { - return false; - } -} - -void -X86ISA::I8042::keyboardAck() -{ - while (!keyboardBuffer.empty()) - keyboardBuffer.pop(); - writeKeyboardData(&CommandAck, sizeof(CommandAck)); -} - void -X86ISA::I8042::writeKeyboardData(const uint8_t *data, int size) +X86ISA::I8042::writeData(uint8_t newData, bool mouse) { - assert(data || size == 0); - while (size) { - keyboardBuffer.push(*(data++)); - size--; - } - if (writeData(keyboardBuffer.front())) { - keyboardBuffer.pop(); - if (commandByte.keyboardFullInt) { - DPRINTF(I8042, "Sending keyboard interrupt.\n"); - keyboardIntPin->raise(); - //XXX This is a hack. - keyboardIntPin->lower(); - } + DPRINTF(I8042, "Set data %#02x.\n", newData); + dataReg = newData; + statusReg.outputFull = 1; + statusReg.mouseOutputFull = (mouse ? 1 : 0); + if (!mouse && commandByte.keyboardFullInt) { + DPRINTF(I8042, "Sending keyboard interrupt.\n"); + keyboardIntPin->raise(); + //This is a hack + keyboardIntPin->lower(); + } else if (mouse && commandByte.mouseFullInt) { + DPRINTF(I8042, "Sending mouse interrupt.\n"); + mouseIntPin->raise(); + //This is a hack + mouseIntPin->lower(); } } void -X86ISA::I8042::mouseAck() +X86ISA::PS2Device::ack() { - while (!mouseBuffer.empty()) - mouseBuffer.pop(); - writeMouseData(&CommandAck, sizeof(CommandAck)); + bufferData(&CommandAck, sizeof(CommandAck)); } void -X86ISA::I8042::mouseNack() +X86ISA::PS2Device::nack() { - while (!mouseBuffer.empty()) - mouseBuffer.pop(); - writeMouseData(&CommandNack, sizeof(CommandAck)); + bufferData(&CommandNack, sizeof(CommandNack)); } void -X86ISA::I8042::writeMouseData(const uint8_t *data, int size) +X86ISA::PS2Device::bufferData(const uint8_t *data, int size) { assert(data || size == 0); while (size) { - mouseBuffer.push(*(data++)); + outBuffer.push(*(data++)); size--; } - if (writeData(mouseBuffer.front(), true)) { - mouseBuffer.pop(); - if (commandByte.mouseFullInt) { - DPRINTF(I8042, "Sending mouse interrupt.\n"); - mouseIntPin->raise(); - //XXX This is a hack - mouseIntPin->lower(); - } - } } uint8_t @@ -199,15 +98,196 @@ X86ISA::I8042::readDataOut() uint8_t data = dataReg; statusReg.outputFull = 0; statusReg.mouseOutputFull = 0; - if (!keyboardBuffer.empty()) { - writeKeyboardData(NULL, 0); - } - if (!mouseBuffer.empty()) { - writeMouseData(NULL, 0); + if (keyboard.hasData()) { + writeData(keyboard.getData(), false); + } else if (mouse.hasData()) { + writeData(mouse.getData(), true); } return data; } +bool +X86ISA::PS2Keyboard::processData(uint8_t data) +{ + if (lastCommand != NoCommand) { + switch (lastCommand) { + case LEDWrite: + DPRINTF(I8042, "Setting LEDs: " + "caps lock %s, num lock %s, scroll lock %s\n", + bits(data, 2) ? "on" : "off", + bits(data, 1) ? "on" : "off", + bits(data, 0) ? "on" : "off"); + ack(); + lastCommand = NoCommand; + break; + case TypematicInfo: + DPRINTF(I8042, "Setting typematic info to %#02x.\n", data); + ack(); + lastCommand = NoCommand; + break; + } + return hasData(); + } + switch (data) { + case LEDWrite: + DPRINTF(I8042, "Got LED write command.\n"); + ack(); + lastCommand = LEDWrite; + break; + case DiagnosticEcho: + panic("Keyboard diagnostic echo unimplemented.\n"); + case AlternateScanCodes: + panic("Accessing alternate scan codes unimplemented.\n"); + case ReadID: + DPRINTF(I8042, "Got keyboard read ID command.\n"); + ack(); + bufferData((uint8_t *)&ID, sizeof(ID)); + break; + case TypematicInfo: + DPRINTF(I8042, "Setting typematic info.\n"); + ack(); + lastCommand = TypematicInfo; + break; + case Enable: + DPRINTF(I8042, "Enabling the keyboard.\n"); + ack(); + break; + case Disable: + DPRINTF(I8042, "Disabling the keyboard.\n"); + ack(); + break; + case DefaultsAndDisable: + DPRINTF(I8042, "Disabling and resetting the keyboard.\n"); + ack(); + break; + case AllKeysToTypematic: + panic("Setting all keys to typemantic unimplemented.\n"); + case AllKeysToMakeRelease: + panic("Setting all keys to make/release unimplemented.\n"); + case AllKeysToMake: + panic("Setting all keys to make unimplemented.\n"); + case AllKeysToTypematicMakeRelease: + panic("Setting all keys to " + "typematic/make/release unimplemented.\n"); + case KeyToTypematic: + panic("Setting a key to typematic unimplemented.\n"); + case KeyToMakeRelease: + panic("Setting a key to make/release unimplemented.\n"); + case KeyToMakeOnly: + panic("Setting key to make only unimplemented.\n"); + case Resend: + panic("Keyboard resend unimplemented.\n"); + case Reset: + panic("Keyboard reset unimplemented.\n"); + default: + panic("Unknown keyboard command %#02x.\n", data); + } + return hasData(); +} + +bool +X86ISA::PS2Mouse::processData(uint8_t data) +{ + if (lastCommand != NoCommand) { + switch(lastCommand) { + case SetResolution: + DPRINTF(I8042, "Mouse resolution set to %d.\n", data); + resolution = data; + ack(); + lastCommand = NoCommand; + break; + case SampleRate: + DPRINTF(I8042, "Mouse sample rate %d samples " + "per second.\n", data); + sampleRate = data; + ack(); + lastCommand = NoCommand; + break; + default: + panic("Not expecting data for a mouse command.\n"); + } + return hasData(); + } + switch (data) { + case Scale1to1: + DPRINTF(I8042, "Setting mouse scale to 1:1.\n"); + status.twoToOne = 0; + ack(); + break; + case Scale2to1: + DPRINTF(I8042, "Setting mouse scale to 2:1.\n"); + status.twoToOne = 1; + ack(); + break; + case SetResolution: + DPRINTF(I8042, "Setting mouse resolution.\n"); + lastCommand = SetResolution; + ack(); + break; + case GetStatus: + DPRINTF(I8042, "Getting mouse status.\n"); + ack(); + bufferData((uint8_t *)&(status), 1); + bufferData(&resolution, sizeof(resolution)); + bufferData(&sampleRate, sizeof(sampleRate)); + break; + case ReadData: + panic("Reading mouse data unimplemented.\n"); + case ResetWrapMode: + panic("Resetting mouse wrap mode unimplemented.\n"); + case WrapMode: + panic("Setting mouse wrap mode unimplemented.\n"); + case RemoteMode: + panic("Setting mouse remote mode unimplemented.\n"); + case ReadID: + DPRINTF(I8042, "Mouse ID requested.\n"); + ack(); + bufferData(ID, sizeof(ID)); + break; + case SampleRate: + DPRINTF(I8042, "Setting mouse sample rate.\n"); + lastCommand = SampleRate; + ack(); + break; + case DisableReporting: + DPRINTF(I8042, "Disabling data reporting.\n"); + status.enabled = 0; + ack(); + break; + case EnableReporting: + DPRINTF(I8042, "Enabling data reporting.\n"); + status.enabled = 1; + ack(); + break; + case DefaultsAndDisable: + DPRINTF(I8042, "Disabling and resetting mouse.\n"); + sampleRate = 100; + resolution = 4; + status.twoToOne = 0; + status.enabled = 0; + ack(); + break; + case Resend: + panic("Mouse resend unimplemented.\n"); + case Reset: + DPRINTF(I8042, "Resetting the mouse.\n"); + sampleRate = 100; + resolution = 4; + status.twoToOne = 0; + status.enabled = 0; + ack(); + bufferData(&BatSuccessful, sizeof(BatSuccessful)); + bufferData(ID, sizeof(ID)); + break; + default: + warn("Unknown mouse command %#02x.\n", data); + nack(); + break; + } + return hasData(); +} + + Tick X86ISA::I8042::read(PacketPtr pkt) { @@ -236,178 +316,13 @@ X86ISA::I8042::write(PacketPtr pkt) statusReg.commandLast = 0; switch (lastCommand) { case NoCommand: - if (lastKeyboardCommand != NoCommand) { - switch (lastKeyboardCommand) { - case LEDWrite: - DPRINTF(I8042, "Setting LEDs: " - "caps lock %s, num lock %s, scroll lock %s\n", - bits(data, 2) ? "on" : "off", - bits(data, 1) ? "on" : "off", - bits(data, 0) ? "on" : "off"); - keyboardAck(); - lastKeyboardCommand = NoCommand; - break; - case TypematicInfo: - DPRINTF(I8042, - "Setting typematic info to %#02x.\n", data); - keyboardAck(); - lastKeyboardCommand = NoCommand; - break; - } - break; - } - DPRINTF(I8042, "Got port 0x60 command %#02x.\n", data); - switch (data) { - case LEDWrite: - DPRINTF(I8042, "Got LED write command.\n"); - keyboardAck(); - lastKeyboardCommand = LEDWrite; - break; - case DiagnosticEcho: - panic("Keyboard diagnostic echo unimplemented.\n"); - case AlternateScanCodes: - panic("Accessing alternate scan codes unimplemented.\n"); - case ReadKeyboardID: - DPRINTF(I8042, "Got keyboard read ID command.\n"); - keyboardAck(); - writeKeyboardData((uint8_t *)&KeyboardID, sizeof(KeyboardID)); - break; - case TypematicInfo: - DPRINTF(I8042, "Setting typematic info.\n"); - keyboardAck(); - lastKeyboardCommand = TypematicInfo; - break; - case KeyboardEnable: - DPRINTF(I8042, "Enabling the keyboard.\n"); - keyboardAck(); - break; - case KeyboardDisable: - DPRINTF(I8042, "Disabling the keyboard.\n"); - keyboardAck(); - break; - case DefaultsAndDisableKeyboard: - DPRINTF(I8042, "Disabling and resetting the keyboard.\n"); - keyboardAck(); - break; - case AllKeysToTypematic: - panic("Setting all keys to typemantic unimplemented.\n"); - case AllKeysToMakeRelease: - panic("Setting all keys to make/release unimplemented.\n"); - case AllKeysToMake: - panic("Setting all keys to make unimplemented.\n"); - case AllKeysToTypematicMakeRelease: - panic("Setting all keys to " - "typematic/make/release unimplemented.\n"); - case KeyToTypematic: - panic("Setting a key to typematic unimplemented.\n"); - case KeyToMakeRelease: - panic("Setting a key to make/release unimplemented.\n"); - case KeyToMakeOnly: - panic("Setting key to make only unimplemented.\n"); - case Resend: - panic("Keyboard resend unimplemented.\n"); - case KeyboardReset: - panic("Keyboard reset unimplemented.\n"); - default: - panic("Unknown keyboard command %#02x.\n", data); + if (keyboard.processData(data)) { + writeData(keyboard.getData(), false); } break; case WriteToMouse: - if (lastMouseCommand != NoCommand) { - switch(lastMouseCommand) { - case SetMouseResolution: - DPRINTF(I8042, "Mouse resolution set to %d.\n", data); - mouseResolution = data; - mouseAck(); - lastMouseCommand = NoCommand; - break; - case MouseSampleRate: - DPRINTF(I8042, "Mouse sample rate %d samples " - "per second.\n", data); - mouseSampleRate = data; - mouseAck(); - lastMouseCommand = NoCommand; - break; - default: - panic("Not expecting data for a mouse command.\n"); - } - break; - } - switch (data) { - case MouseScale1to1: - DPRINTF(I8042, "Setting mouse scale to 1:1.\n"); - mouseStatus.twoToOne = 0; - mouseAck(); - break; - case MouseScale2to1: - DPRINTF(I8042, "Setting mouse scale to 2:1.\n"); - mouseStatus.twoToOne = 1; - mouseAck(); - break; - case SetMouseResolution: - DPRINTF(I8042, "Setting mouse resolution.\n"); - lastMouseCommand = SetMouseResolution; - mouseAck(); - break; - case MouseGetStatus: - DPRINTF(I8042, "Getting mouse status.\n"); - mouseAck(); - writeMouseData((uint8_t *)&(mouseStatus), 1); - writeMouseData(&mouseResolution, sizeof(mouseResolution)); - writeMouseData(&mouseSampleRate, sizeof(mouseSampleRate)); - break; - case MouseReadData: - panic("Reading mouse data unimplemented.\n"); - case MouseResetWrapMode: - panic("Resetting mouse wrap mode unimplemented.\n"); - case MouseWrapMode: - panic("Setting mouse wrap mode unimplemented.\n"); - case MouseRemoteMode: - panic("Setting mouse remote mode unimplemented.\n"); - case ReadMouseID: - DPRINTF(I8042, "Mouse ID requested.\n"); - mouseAck(); - writeMouseData(MouseID, sizeof(MouseID)); - break; - case MouseSampleRate: - DPRINTF(I8042, "Setting mouse sample rate.\n"); - lastMouseCommand = MouseSampleRate; - mouseAck(); - break; - case MouseDisableReporting: - DPRINTF(I8042, "Disabling data reporting.\n"); - mouseStatus.enabled = 0; - mouseAck(); - break; - case MouseEnableReporting: - DPRINTF(I8042, "Enabling data reporting.\n"); - mouseStatus.enabled = 1; - mouseAck(); - break; - case DefaultsAndDisableMouse: - DPRINTF(I8042, "Disabling and resetting mouse.\n"); - mouseSampleRate = 100; - mouseResolution = 4; - mouseStatus.twoToOne = 0; - mouseStatus.enabled = 0; - mouseAck(); - break; - case Resend: - panic("Keyboard resent unimplemented.\n"); - case MouseReset: - DPRINTF(I8042, "Resetting the mouse.\n"); - mouseSampleRate = 100; - mouseResolution = 4; - mouseStatus.twoToOne = 0; - mouseStatus.enabled = 0; - mouseAck(); - writeMouseData(&BatSuccessful, sizeof(BatSuccessful)); - writeMouseData(MouseID, sizeof(MouseID)); - break; - default: - warn("Unknown mouse command %#02x.\n", data); - mouseNack(); - break; + if (mouse.processData(data)) { + writeData(mouse.getData(), true); } break; case WriteCommandByte: @@ -419,7 +334,7 @@ X86ISA::I8042::write(PacketPtr pkt) case WriteMouseOutputBuff: DPRINTF(I8042, "Got data %#02x for \"Write " "mouse output buffer\" command.\n", data); - writeMouseData(&data, sizeof(data)); + writeData(data, true); break; default: panic("Data written for unrecognized " diff --git a/src/dev/x86/i8042.hh b/src/dev/x86/i8042.hh index 7eeb5f7e0..8a941f9a5 100644 --- a/src/dev/x86/i8042.hh +++ b/src/dev/x86/i8042.hh @@ -42,9 +42,147 @@ namespace X86ISA class IntPin; +class PS2Device +{ + protected: + std::queue outBuffer; + + static const uint16_t NoCommand = (uint16_t)(-1); + + uint16_t lastCommand; + void bufferData(const uint8_t *data, int size); + void ack(); + void nack(); + + public: + virtual ~PS2Device() + {}; + + PS2Device() : lastCommand(NoCommand) + {} + + bool hasData() + { + return !outBuffer.empty(); + } + + uint8_t getData() + { + uint8_t data = outBuffer.front(); + outBuffer.pop(); + return data; + } + + virtual bool processData(uint8_t data) = 0; +}; + +class PS2Mouse : public PS2Device +{ + protected: + static const uint8_t ID[]; + + enum Command + { + Scale1to1 = 0xE6, + Scale2to1 = 0xE7, + SetResolution = 0xE8, + GetStatus = 0xE9, + ReadData = 0xEB, + ResetWrapMode = 0xEC, + WrapMode = 0xEE, + RemoteMode = 0xF0, + ReadID = 0xF2, + SampleRate = 0xF3, + EnableReporting = 0xF4, + DisableReporting = 0xF5, + DefaultsAndDisable = 0xF6, + Resend = 0xFE, + Reset = 0xFF + }; + + BitUnion8(Status) + Bitfield<6> remote; + Bitfield<5> enabled; + Bitfield<4> twoToOne; + Bitfield<2> leftButton; + Bitfield<0> rightButton; + EndBitUnion(Status) + + Status status; + uint8_t resolution; + uint8_t sampleRate; + public: + PS2Mouse() : PS2Device(), status(0), resolution(4), sampleRate(100) + {} + + bool processData(uint8_t data); +}; + +class PS2Keyboard : public PS2Device +{ + protected: + static const uint8_t ID[]; + + enum Command + { + LEDWrite = 0xED, + DiagnosticEcho = 0xEE, + AlternateScanCodes = 0xF0, + ReadID = 0xF2, + TypematicInfo = 0xF3, + Enable = 0xF4, + Disable = 0xF5, + DefaultsAndDisable = 0xF6, + AllKeysToTypematic = 0xF7, + AllKeysToMakeRelease = 0xF8, + AllKeysToMake = 0xF9, + AllKeysToTypematicMakeRelease = 0xFA, + KeyToTypematic = 0xFB, + KeyToMakeRelease = 0xFC, + KeyToMakeOnly = 0xFD, + Resend = 0xFE, + Reset = 0xFF + }; + + public: + bool processData(uint8_t data); +}; + class I8042 : public BasicPioDevice { protected: + enum Command + { + GetCommandByte = 0x20, + ReadControllerRamBase = 0x20, + WriteCommandByte = 0x60, + WriteControllerRamBase = 0x60, + CheckForPassword = 0xA4, + LoadPassword = 0xA5, + CheckPassword = 0xA6, + DisableMouse = 0xA7, + EnableMouse = 0xA8, + TestMouse = 0xA9, + SelfTest = 0xAA, + InterfaceTest = 0xAB, + DiagnosticDump = 0xAC, + DisableKeyboard = 0xAD, + EnableKeyboard = 0xAE, + ReadInputPort = 0xC0, + ContinuousPollLow = 0xC1, + ContinuousPollHigh = 0xC2, + ReadOutputPort = 0xD0, + WriteOutputPort = 0xD1, + WriteKeyboardOutputBuff = 0xD2, + WriteMouseOutputBuff = 0xD3, + WriteToMouse = 0xD4, + DisableA20 = 0xDD, + EnableA20 = 0xDF, + ReadTestInputs = 0xE0, + PulseOutputBitBase = 0xF0, + SystemReset = 0xFE + }; + BitUnion8(StatusReg) Bitfield<7> parityError; Bitfield<6> timeout; @@ -77,32 +215,13 @@ class I8042 : public BasicPioDevice static const uint16_t NoCommand = (uint16_t)(-1); uint16_t lastCommand; - BitUnion8(MouseStatus) - Bitfield<6> remote; - Bitfield<5> enabled; - Bitfield<4> twoToOne; - Bitfield<2> leftButton; - Bitfield<0> rightButton; - EndBitUnion(MouseStatus) - IntSourcePin *mouseIntPin; - std::queue mouseBuffer; - uint16_t lastMouseCommand; - uint8_t mouseResolution; - uint8_t mouseSampleRate; - MouseStatus mouseStatus; + IntSourcePin *keyboardIntPin; + PS2Mouse mouse; + PS2Keyboard keyboard; - IntSourcePin *keyboardIntPin; - std::queue keyboardBuffer; - uint16_t lastKeyboardCommand; - - bool writeData(uint8_t newData, bool mouse = false); - void keyboardAck(); - void writeKeyboardData(const uint8_t *data, int size); - void mouseAck(); - void mouseNack(); - void writeMouseData(const uint8_t *data, int size); + void writeData(uint8_t newData, bool mouse = false); uint8_t readDataOut(); public: @@ -117,9 +236,7 @@ class I8042 : public BasicPioDevice I8042(Params *p) : BasicPioDevice(p), latency(p->pio_latency), dataPort(p->data_port), commandPort(p->command_port), statusReg(0), commandByte(0), dataReg(0), lastCommand(NoCommand), - mouseIntPin(p->mouse_int_pin), lastMouseCommand(NoCommand), - keyboardIntPin(p->keyboard_int_pin), - lastKeyboardCommand(NoCommand) + mouseIntPin(p->mouse_int_pin), keyboardIntPin(p->keyboard_int_pin) { statusReg.passedSelfTest = 1; statusReg.commandLast = 1;