From 5685ba9013e948e5a7e20bd3888d15f992e82c91 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Craig Burley Date: Wed, 26 May 1999 08:55:46 -0400 Subject: [PATCH] update derived files From-SVN: r27178 --- gcc/f/BUGS | 10 +- gcc/f/INSTALL | 1236 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++- gcc/f/NEWS | 156 ++++--- 3 files changed, 1314 insertions(+), 88 deletions(-) diff --git a/gcc/f/BUGS b/gcc/f/BUGS index f97b75e3949..ffd90cc8320 100644 --- a/gcc/f/BUGS +++ b/gcc/f/BUGS @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ `bugs0.texi' and `bugs.texi'. `BUGS' is *not* a source file, although it is normally included within source distributions. - This file lists known bugs in the EGCS-1.2 version of the GNU + This file lists known bugs in the FSF-0.5.25 version of the GNU Fortran compiler. Copyright (C) 1995-1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc. You may copy, distribute, and modify it freely as long as you preserve this copyright notice and permission notice. @@ -11,9 +11,9 @@ Known Bugs In GNU Fortran ************************* This section identifies bugs that `g77' *users* might run into in -the EGCS-1.2 version of `g77'. This includes bugs that are actually in -the `gcc' back end (GBE) or in `libf2c', because those sets of code are -at least somewhat under the control of (and necessarily intertwined +the FSF-0.5.25 version of `g77'. This includes bugs that are actually +in the `gcc' back end (GBE) or in `libf2c', because those sets of code +are at least somewhat under the control of (and necessarily intertwined with) `g77', so it isn't worth separating them out. For information on bugs in *other* versions of `g77', see @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ particularly concentrated on any version of this information that is distributed as part of a *released* `g77'. In particular, while this information is intended to apply to the -EGCS-1.2 version of `g77', only an official *release* of that version +FSF-0.5.25 version of `g77', only an official *release* of that version is expected to contain documentation that is most consistent with the `g77' product in that version. diff --git a/gcc/f/INSTALL b/gcc/f/INSTALL index b8c24dbdb8a..e0349ec0cc8 100644 --- a/gcc/f/INSTALL +++ b/gcc/f/INSTALL @@ -13,9 +13,15 @@ Installing GNU Fortran The following information describes how to install `g77'. - Note that, for `egcs' users, much of the information is obsolete, -and is superceded by the `egcs' installation procedures. Such -information is accordingly omitted and flagged as such. + The information in this file generally pertains to dealing with +*source* distributions of `g77' and `gcc'. It is possible that some of +this information will be applicable to some *binary* distributions of +these products--however, since these distributions are not made by the +maintainers of `g77', responsibility for binary distributions rests with +whoever built and first distributed them. + + Nevertheless, efforts to make `g77' easier to both build and install +from source and package up as a binary distribution are ongoing. *Warning:* The information below is still under development, and might not accurately reflect the `g77' code base of which it is a part. @@ -24,7 +30,7 @@ particularly concentrated on any version of this information that is distributed as part of a *released* `g77'. In particular, while this information is intended to apply to the -EGCS-1.2 version of `g77', only an official *release* of that version +FSF-0.5.25 version of `g77', only an official *release* of that version is expected to contain documentation that is most consistent with the `g77' product in that version. @@ -33,8 +39,221 @@ is expected to contain documentation that is most consistent with the Prerequisites ============= - For `egcs' users, this information is superceded by the `egcs' -installation instructions. + The procedures described to unpack, configure, build, and install +`g77' assume your system has certain programs already installed. + + The following prerequisites should be met by your system before you +follow the `g77' installation instructions: + +`gzip' and `tar' + To unpack the `gcc' and `g77' distributions, you'll need the + `gunzip' utility in the `gzip' distribution. Most UNIX systems + already have `gzip' installed. If yours doesn't, you can get it + from the FSF. + + Note that you'll need `tar' and other utilities as well, but all + UNIX systems have these. There are GNU versions of all these + available--in fact, a complete GNU UNIX system can be put together + on most systems, if desired. + + The version of GNU `gzip' used to package this release is + 1.2.4. (The version of GNU `tar' used to package this release is + 1.12.) + +`gcc-2.8.1.tar.gz' + You need to have this, or some other applicable, version of `gcc' + on your system. The version should be an exact copy of a + distribution from the FSF. Its size is approximately 8.4MB. + + If you've already unpacked `gcc-2.8.1.tar.gz' into a directory + (named `gcc-2.8.1') called the "source tree" for `gcc', you can + delete the distribution itself, but you'll need to remember to + skip any instructions to unpack this distribution. + + Without an applicable `gcc' source tree, you cannot build `g77'. + You can obtain an FSF distribution of `gcc' from the FSF. + +`g77-0.5.25.tar.gz' + You probably have already unpacked this package, or you are + reading an advance copy of these installation instructions, which + are contained in this distribution. The size of this package is + approximately 1.4MB. + + You can obtain an FSF distribution of `g77' from the FSF, the same + way you obtained `gcc'. + +Enough disk space + The amount of disk space needed to unpack, build, install, and use + `g77' depends on the type of system you're using, how you build + `g77', and how much of it you install (primarily, which languages + you install). + + The sizes shown below assume all languages distributed in + `gcc-2.8.1', plus `g77', will be built and installed. These sizes + are indicative of GNU/Linux systems on Intel x86 running COFF and + on Digital Alpha (AXP) systems running ELF. These should be + fairly representative of 32-bit and 64-bit systems, respectively. + + Note that all sizes are approximate and subject to change without + notice! They are based on preliminary releases of g77 made shortly + before the public beta release. + + -- `gcc' and `g77' distributions occupy 10MB packed, 40MB + unpacked. These consist of the source code and documentation, + plus some derived files (mostly documentation), for `gcc' and + `g77'. Any deviations from these numbers for different kinds + of systems are likely to be very minor. + + -- A "bootstrap" build requires an additional 91MB for a total + of 132MB on an ix86, and an additional 136MB for a total of + 177MB on an Alpha. + + -- Removing `gcc/stage1' after the build recovers 13MB for a + total of 119MB on an ix86, and recovers 21MB for a total of + 155MB on an Alpha. + + After doing this, the integrity of the build can still be + verified via `make compare', and the `gcc' compiler modified + and used to build itself for testing fairly quickly, using + the copy of the compiler kept in `gcc/stage2'. + + -- Removing `gcc/stage2' after the build further recovers 39MB + for a total of 80MB, and recovers 57MB for a total of 98MB on + an Alpha. + + After doing this, the compiler can still be installed, + especially if GNU `make' is used to avoid gratuitous rebuilds + (or, the installation can be done by hand). + + -- Installing `gcc' and `g77' copies 23MB onto the `--prefix' + disk for a total of 103MB on an ix86, and copies 31MB onto + the `--prefix' disk for a total of 130MB on an Alpha. + + After installation, if no further modifications and builds of + `gcc' or `g77' are planned, the source and build directory may be + removed, leaving the total impact on a system's disk storage as + that of the amount copied during installation. + + Systems with the appropriate version of `gcc' installed don't + require the complete bootstrap build. Doing a "straight build" + requires about as much space as does a bootstrap build followed by + removing both the `gcc/stage1' and `gcc/stage2' directories. + + Installing `gcc' and `g77' over existing versions might require + less *new* disk space, but note that, unlike many products, `gcc' + installs itself in a way that avoids overwriting other installed + versions of itself, so that other versions may easily be invoked + (via `gcc -V VERSION'). + + So, the amount of space saved as a result of having an existing + version of `gcc' and `g77' already installed is not + much--typically only the command drivers (`gcc', `g77', `g++', and + so on, which are small) and the documentation is overwritten by + the new installation. The rest of the new installation is done + without replacing existing installed versions (assuming they have + different version numbers). + +`make' + Your system must have `make', and you will probably save yourself + a lot of trouble if it is GNU `make' (sometimes referred to as + `gmake'). In particular, you probably need GNU `make' to build + outside the source directory (with `configure''s `--srcdir' + option.) + + The version of GNU `make' used to develop this release is + 3.76.1. + +`cc' + Your system must have a working C compiler. If it doesn't, you + might be able to obtain a prebuilt binary of some version of `gcc' + from the network or on CD-ROM, perhaps from the FSF. The best + source of information about binaries is probably a system-specific + Usenet news group, initially via its FAQ. + + *Note Installing GNU CC: (gcc)Installation, for more information + on prerequisites for installing `gcc'. + +`sed' + All UNIX systems have `sed', but some have a broken version that + cannot handle configuring, building, or installing `gcc' or `g77'. + + The version of GNU `sed' used to develop this release is + 2.05. (Note that GNU `sed' version 3.0 was withdrawn by the + FSF--if you happen to have this version installed, replace it with + version 2.05 immediately. See a GNU distribution site for further + explanation.) + +`root' access or equivalent + To perform the complete installation procedures on a system, you + need to have `root' access to that system, or equivalent access to + the `--prefix' directory tree specified on the `configure' command + line. + + Portions of the procedure (such as configuring and building `g77') + can be performed by any user with enough disk space and virtual + memory. + + However, these instructions are oriented towards less-experienced + users who want to install `g77' on their own personal systems. + + System administrators with more experience will want to determine + for themselves how they want to modify the procedures described + below to suit the needs of their installation. + +`autoconf' + The version of GNU `autoconf' used to develop this release is + 2.12. + + `autoconf' is not needed in the typical case of installing `gcc' + and `g77'. *Note Missing tools?::, for information on when it + might be needed and how to work around not having it. + +`bison' + The version of GNU `bison' used to develop this release is + 1.25. + + `bison' is not needed in the typical case of installing `gcc' and + `g77'. *Note Missing tools?::, for information on when it might + be needed and how to work around not having it. + +`gperf' + The version of GNU `gperf' used to develop this release is + 2.5. + + `gperf' is not needed in the typical case of installing `gcc' and + `g77'. *Note Missing tools?::, for information on when it might + be needed and how to work around not having it. + +`makeinfo' + The version of GNU `makeinfo' used to develop this release is + 1.68. + + `makeinfo' is part of the GNU `texinfo' package; `makeinfo' + version 1.68 is distributed as part of GNU `texinfo' version + 3.12. + + `makeinfo' is not needed in the typical case of installing `gcc' + and `g77'. *Note Missing tools?::, for information on when it + might be needed and how to work around not having it. + + An up-to-date version of GNU `makeinfo' is still convenient when + obtaining a new version of a GNU distribution such as `gcc' or + `g77', as it allows you to obtain the `.diff.gz' file instead of + the entire `.tar.gz' distribution (assuming you have installed + `patch'). + +`patch' + The version of GNU `patch' used to develop this release is + 2.5. + + Beginning with `g77' version 0.5.23, it is no longer necessary to + patch the `gcc' back end to build `g77'. + + An up-to-date version of GNU `patch' is still convenient when + obtaining a new version of a GNU distribution such as `gcc' or + `g77', as it allows you to obtain the `.diff.gz' file instead of + the entire `.tar.gz' distribution (assuming you have installed the + tools needed to rebuild derived files, such as `makeinfo'). Problems Installing =================== @@ -83,7 +302,46 @@ not yet established. Missing strtoul or bsearch .......................... - This information does not apply to the `egcs' version of `g77'. + On SunOS4 systems, linking the `f771' program used to produce an +error message concerning an undefined symbol named `_strtoul', because +the `strtoul' library function is not provided on that system. + + Other systems have, in the past, been reported to not provide their +own `strtoul' or `bsearch' function. + + Some versions `g77' tried to default to providing bare-bones +versions of `bsearch' and `strtoul' automatically, but every attempt at +this has failed for at least one kind of system. + + To limit the failures to those few systems actually missing the +required routines, the bare-bones versions are still provided, in +`egcs/gcc/f/proj.c', if the appropriate macros are defined. These are +`NEED_BSEARCH' for `bsearch' and `NEED_STRTOUL' for `NEED_STRTOUL'. + + Therefore, if you are sure your system is missing `bsearch' or +`strtoul' in its library, define the relevant macro(s) before building +`g77'. This can be done by editing `egcs/gcc/f/proj.c' and inserting +either or both of the following `#define' statements before the comment +shown: + + /* Insert #define statements here. */ + + #define NEED_BSEARCH + #define NEED_STRTOUL + + Then, continue configuring and building `g77' as usual. + + Or, you can define these on the `make' command line. To build with +the bundled `cc' on SunOS4, for example, try: + make bootstrap BOOT_CFLAGS='-O2 -g -DNEED_STRTOUL' + + If you then encounter problems compiling `egcs/gcc/f/proj.c', it +might be due to a discrepancy between how `bsearch' or `strtoul' are +defined by that file and how they're declared by your system's header +files. + + In that case, you'll have to use some basic knowledge of C to work +around the problem, perhaps by editing `egcs/gcc/f/proj.c' somewhat. Cleanup Kills Stage Directories ............................... @@ -334,18 +592,970 @@ support 64-bit systems. Quick Start =========== - For `egcs' users, this information is superceded by the `egcs' -installation instructions. + This procedure configures, builds, and installs `g77' "out of the +box" and works on most UNIX systems. Each command is identified by a +unique number, used in the explanatory text that follows. For the most +part, the output of each command is not shown, though indications of +the types of responses are given in a few cases. + + To perform this procedure, the installer must be logged in as user +`root'. Much of it can be done while not logged in as `root', and +users experienced with UNIX administration should be able to modify the +procedure properly to do so. + + Following traditional UNIX conventions, it is assumed that the +source trees for `g77' and `gcc' will be placed in `/usr/src'. It also +is assumed that the source distributions themselves already reside in +`/usr/FSF', a naming convention used by the author of `g77' on his own +system: + + /usr/FSF/gcc-2.8.1.tar.gz + /usr/FSF/g77-0.5.25.tar.gz + + If you vary *any* of the steps below, you might run into trouble, +including possibly breaking existing programs for other users of your +system. Before doing so, it is wise to review the explanations of some +of the steps. These explanations follow this list of steps. + + sh[ 1]# cd /usr/src + + sh[ 2]# gunzip -c < /usr/FSF/gcc-2.8.1.tar.gz | tar xf - + [Might say "Broken pipe"...that is normal on some systems.] + + sh[ 3]# gunzip -c < /usr/FSF/g77-0.5.25.tar.gz | tar xf - + ["Broken pipe" again possible.] + + sh[ 4]# ln -s gcc-2.8.1 gcc + + sh[ 5]# ln -s g77-0.5.25 g77 + + sh[ 6]# mv -i g77/* gcc + [No questions should be asked by mv here; or, you made a mistake.] + + sh[ 7]# cd gcc + sh[ 8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr + [Do not do the above if gcc is not installed in /usr/bin. + You might need a different --prefix=..., as + described below.] + + sh[ 9]# make bootstrap + [This takes a long time, and is where most problems occur.] + + sh[10]# make compare + [This verifies that the compiler is `sane'. + If any files are printed, you have likely found a g77 bug.] + + sh[11]# rm -fr stage1 + + sh[12]# make -k install + [The actual installation.] + + sh[13]# g77 -v + [Verify that g77 is installed, obtain version info.] + + sh[14]# + + *Note Updating Your Info Directory: Updating Documentation, for +information on how to update your system's top-level `info' directory +to contain a reference to this manual, so that users of `g77' can +easily find documentation instead of having to ask you for it. + + Elaborations of many of the above steps follows: + +Step 1: `cd /usr/src' + You can build `g77' pretty much anyplace. By convention, this + manual assumes `/usr/src'. It might be helpful if other users on + your system knew where to look for the source code for the + installed version of `g77' and `gcc' in any case. + +Step 3: `gunzip -d < /usr/FSF/g77-0.5.25.tar.gz | tar xf -' + It is not always necessary to obtain the latest version of `g77' + as a complete `.tar.gz' file if you have a complete, earlier + distribution of `g77'. If appropriate, you can unpack that earlier + version of `g77', and then apply the appropriate patches to + achieve the same result--a source tree containing version + 0.5.25 of `g77'. + +Step 4: `ln -s gcc-2.8.1 gcc' + +Step 5: `ln -s g77-0.5.25 g77' + These commands mainly help reduce typing, and help reduce visual + clutter in examples in this manual showing what to type to install + `g77'. + + *Note Unpacking::, for information on using distributions of `g77' + made by organizations other than the FSF. + +Step 6: `mv -i g77/* gcc' + After doing this, you can, if you like, type `rm g77' and `rmdir + g77-0.5.25' to remove the empty directory and the symbol link to + it. But, it might be helpful to leave them around as quick + reminders of which version(s) of `g77' are installed on your + system. + + *Note Unpacking::, for information on the contents of the `g77' + directory (as merged into the `gcc' directory). + +Step 8: `./configure --prefix=/usr' + This is where you specify that the `g77' and `gcc' executables are + to be installed in `/usr/bin/', the `g77' and `gcc' documentation + is to be installed in `/usr/info/' and `/usr/man/', and so on. + + You should ensure that any existing installation of the `gcc' + executable is in `/usr/bin/'. + + However, if that existing version of `gcc' is not 2.8.1, or if you + simply wish to avoid risking overwriting it with a newly built + copy of the same version, you can specify `--prefix=/usr/local' + (which is the default) or some other path, and invoke the newly + installed version directly from that path's `bin' directory. + + *Note Where in the World Does Fortran (and GNU CC) Go?: Where to + Install, for more information on determining where to install + `g77'. *Note Configuring gcc::, for more information on the + configuration process triggered by invoking the `./configure' + script. + +Step 9: `make bootstrap' + *Note Installing GNU CC: (gcc)Installation, for information on the + kinds of diagnostics you should expect during this procedure. + + *Note Building gcc::, for complete `g77'-specific information on + this step. + +Step 10: `make compare' + *Note Where to Port Bugs: Bug Lists, for information on where to + report that you observed files having different contents during + this phase. + + *Note How to Report Bugs: Bug Reporting, for information on *how* + to report bugs like this. + +Step 11: `rm -fr stage1' + You don't need to do this, but it frees up disk space. + +Step 12: `make -k install' + If this doesn't seem to work, try: + + make -k install install-libf77 + + Or, make sure you're using GNU `make'. + + *Note Installation of Binaries::, for more information. + + *Note Updating Your Info Directory: Updating Documentation, for + information on entering this manual into your system's list of + texinfo manuals. + +Step 13: `g77 -v' + If this command prints approximately 25 lines of output, including + the GNU Fortran Front End version number (which should be the same + as the version number for the version of `g77' you just built and + installed) and the version numbers for the three parts of the + `libf2c' library (`libF77', `libI77', `libU77'), and those version + numbers are all in agreement, then there is a high likelihood that + the installation has been successfully completed. + + You might consider doing further testing. For example, log in as + a non-privileged user, then create a small Fortran program, such + as: + + PROGRAM SMTEST + DO 10 I=1, 10 + PRINT *, 'Hello World #', I + 10 CONTINUE + END + + Compile, link, and run the above program, and, assuming you named + the source file `smtest.f', the session should look like this: + + sh# g77 -o smtest smtest.f + sh# ./smtest + Hello World # 1 + Hello World # 2 + Hello World # 3 + Hello World # 4 + Hello World # 5 + Hello World # 6 + Hello World # 7 + Hello World # 8 + Hello World # 9 + Hello World # 10 + sh# + + If invoking `g77' doesn't seem to work, the problem might be that + you've installed it in a location that is not in your shell's + search path. For example, if you specified `--prefix=/gnu', and + `/gnu/bin' is not in your `PATH' environment variable, you must + explicitly specify the location of the compiler via `/gnu/bin/g77 + -o smtest smtest.f'. + + After proper installation, you don't need to keep your gcc and g77 + source and build directories around anymore. Removing them can + free up a lot of disk space. Complete Installation ===================== - For `egcs' users, this information is superceded by the `egcs' -installation instructions. + Here is the complete `g77'-specific information on how to configure, +build, and install `g77'. + +Unpacking +--------- + + The `gcc' source distribution is a stand-alone distribution. It is +designed to be unpacked (producing the `gcc' source tree) and built as +is, assuming certain prerequisites are met (including the availability +of compatible UNIX programs such as `make', `cc', and so on). + + However, before building `gcc', you will want to unpack and merge +the `g77' distribution in with it, so that you build a Fortran-capable +version of `gcc', which includes the `g77' command, the necessary +run-time libraries, and this manual. + + Unlike `gcc', the `g77' source distribution is *not* a stand-alone +distribution. It is designed to be unpacked and, afterwards, +immediately merged into an applicable `gcc' source tree. That is, the +`g77' distribution *augments* a `gcc' distribution--without `gcc', +generally only the documentation is immediately usable. + + A sequence of commands typically used to unpack `gcc' and `g77' is: + + sh# cd /usr/src + sh# gunzip -c /usr/FSF/gcc-2.8.1.tar.gz | tar xf - + sh# gunzip -c /usr/FSF/g77-0.5.25.tar.gz | tar xf - + sh# ln -s gcc-2.8.1 gcc + sh# ln -s g77-0.5.25 g77 + sh# mv -i g77/* gcc + + *Notes:* The commands beginning with `gunzip...' might print `Broken +pipe...' as they complete. That is nothing to worry about, unless you +actually *hear* a pipe breaking. The `ln' commands are helpful in +reducing typing and clutter in installation examples in this manual. +Hereafter, the top level of `gcc' source tree is referred to as `gcc', +and the top level of just the `g77' source tree (prior to issuing the +`mv' command, above) is referred to as `g77'. + + There are three top-level names in a `g77' distribution: + + g77/COPYING.g77 + g77/README.g77 + g77/f + + All three entries should be moved (or copied) into a `gcc' source +tree (typically named after its version number and as it appears in the +FSF distributions--e.g. `gcc-2.8.1'). + + `g77/f' is the subdirectory containing all of the code, +documentation, and other information that is specific to `g77'. The +other two files exist to provide information on `g77' to someone +encountering a `gcc' source tree with `g77' already present, who has +not yet read these installation instructions and thus needs help +understanding that the source tree they are looking at does not come +from a single FSF distribution. They also help people encountering an +unmerged `g77' source tree for the first time. + + *Note:* Please use *only* `gcc' and `g77' source trees as +distributed by the FSF. Use of modified versions is likely to result +in problems that appear to be in the `g77' code but, in fact, are not. +Do not use such modified versions unless you understand all the +differences between them and the versions the FSF distributes--in which +case you should be able to modify the `g77' (or `gcc') source trees +appropriately so `g77' and `gcc' can coexist as they do in the stock +FSF distributions. + +Merging Distributions +--------------------- + + After merging the `g77' source tree into the `gcc' source tree, you +have put together a complete `g77' source tree. + + As of version 0.5.23, `g77' no longer modifies the version number of +`gcc', nor does it patch `gcc' itself. + + `g77' still depends on being merged with an appropriate version of +`gcc'. For version 0.5.25 of `g77', the specific version of `gcc' +supported is 2.8.1. + + However, other versions of `gcc' might be suitable "hosts" for this +version of `g77'. + + GNU version numbers make it easy to figure out whether a particular +version of a distribution is newer or older than some other version of +that distribution. The format is, generally, MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH, with +each field being a decimal number. (You can safely ignore leading +zeros; for example, 1.5.3 is the same as 1.5.03.) The MAJOR field only +increases with time. The other two fields are reset to 0 when the +field to their left is incremented; otherwise, they, too, only increase +with time. So, version 2.6.2 is newer than version 2.5.8, and version +3.0 is newer than both. (Trailing `.0' fields often are omitted in +announcements and in names for distributions and the directories they +create.) + + If your version of `gcc' is older than the oldest version supported +by `g77' (as casually determined by listing the contents of +`egcs/gcc/f/INSTALL/', which contains these installation instructions +in plain-text format), you should obtain a newer, supported version of +`gcc'. (You could instead obtain an older version of `g77', or try and +get your `g77' to work with the old `gcc', but neither approach is +recommended, and you shouldn't bother reporting any bugs you find if you +take either approach, because they're probably already fixed in the +newer versions you're not using.) + + If your version of `gcc' is newer than the newest version supported +by `g77', it is possible that your `g77' will work with it anyway. If +the version number for `gcc' differs only in the PATCH field, you might +as well try that version of `gcc'. Since it has the same MAJOR and +MINOR fields, the resulting combination is likely to work. + + So, for example, if a particular version of `g77' has support for +`gcc' versions 2.8.0 and 2.8.1, it is likely that `gcc-2.8.2' would +work well with `g77'. + + However, `gcc-2.9.0' would almost certainly not work with that +version of `g77' without appropriate modifications, so a new version of +`g77' would be needed. + + This complexity is the result of `gcc' and `g77' being separate +distributions. By keeping them separate, each product is able to be +independently improved and distributed to its user base more frequently. + + However, the GBE interface defined by `gcc' typically undergoes some +incompatible changes at least every time the MINOR field of the version +number is incremented, and such changes require corresponding changes to +the `g77' front end (FFE). + +Where in the World Does Fortran (and GNU CC) Go? +------------------------------------------------ + + Before configuring, you should make sure you know where you want the +`g77' and `gcc' binaries to be installed after they're built, because +this information is given to the configuration tool and used during the +build itself. + + A `g77' installation normally includes installation of a +Fortran-aware version of `gcc', so that the `gcc' command recognizes +Fortran source files and knows how to compile them. + + For this to work, the version of `gcc' that you will be building as +part of `g77' *must* be installed as the "active" version of `gcc' on +the system. + + Sometimes people make the mistake of installing `gcc' as +`/usr/local/bin/gcc', leaving an older, non-Fortran-aware version in +`/usr/bin/gcc'. (Or, the opposite happens.) This can result in `gcc' +being unable to compile Fortran source files, because when the older +version of `gcc' is invoked, it complains that it does not recognize +the language, or the file name suffix. + + So, determine whether `gcc' already is installed on your system, +and, if so, *where* it is installed, and prepare to configure the new +version of `gcc' you'll be building so that it installs over the +existing version of `gcc'. + + You might want to back up your existing copy of `/usr/bin/gcc', and +the entire `/usr/lib' directory, before you perform the actual +installation (as described in this manual). + + Existing `gcc' installations typically are found in `/usr' or +`/usr/local'. (This means the commands are installed in `/usr/bin' or +`/usr/local/bin', the libraries in `/usr/lib' or `/usr/local/lib', and +so on.) + + If you aren't certain where the currently installed version of `gcc' +and its related programs reside, look at the output of this command: + + gcc -v -o /tmp/delete-me -xc /dev/null -xnone + + All sorts of interesting information on the locations of various +`gcc'-related programs and data files should be visible in the output +of the above command. (The output also is likely to include a +diagnostic from the linker, since there's no `main_()' function.) +However, you do have to sift through it yourself; `gcc' currently +provides no easy way to ask it where it is installed and where it looks +for the various programs and data files it calls on to do its work. + + Just *building* `g77' should not overwrite any installed +programs--but, usually, after you build `g77', you will want to install +it, so backing up anything it might overwrite is a good idea. (This is +true for any package, not just `g77', though in this case it is +intentional that `g77' overwrites `gcc' if it is already installed--it +is unusual that the installation process for one distribution +intentionally overwrites a program or file installed by another +distribution, although, in this case, `g77' is an augmentation of the +`gcc' distribution.) + + Another reason to back up the existing version first, or make sure +you can restore it easily, is that it might be an older version on +which other users have come to depend for certain behaviors. However, +even the new version of `gcc' you install will offer users the ability +to specify an older version of the actual compilation programs if +desired, and these older versions need not include any `g77' components. +*Note Specifying Target Machine and Compiler Version: (gcc)Target +Options, for information on the `-V' option of `gcc'. + +Configuring GNU CC +------------------ + + `g77' is configured automatically when you configure `gcc'. There +are two parts of `g77' that are configured in two different +ways--`g77', which "camps on" to the `gcc' configuration mechanism, and +`libg2c', which uses a variation of the GNU `autoconf' configuration +system. + + Generally, you shouldn't have to be concerned with either `g77' or +`libg2c' configuration, unless you're configuring `g77' as a +cross-compiler. In this case, the `libg2c' configuration, and possibly +the `g77' and `gcc' configurations as well, might need special +attention. (This also might be the case if you're porting `gcc' to a +whole new system--even if it is just a new operating system on an +existing, supported CPU.) + + To configure the system, see *Note Installing GNU CC: +(gcc)Installation, following the instructions for running `./configure'. +Pay special attention to the `--prefix=' option, which you almost +certainly will need to specify. + + (Note that `gcc' installation information is provided as a +plain-text file in `gcc/INSTALL'.) + + The information printed by the invocation of `./configure' should +show that the `f' directory (the Fortran language) has been configured. +If it does not, there is a problem. + + *Note:* Configuring with the `--srcdir' argument, or by starting in +an empty directory and typing a command such as `../gcc/configure' to +build with separate build and source directories, is known to work with +GNU `make', but it is known to not work with other variants of `make'. +Irix5.2 and SunOS4.1 versions of `make' definitely won't work outside +the source directory at present. + + `g77''s portion of the `configure' script used to issue a warning +message about this when configuring for building binaries outside the +source directory, but no longer does this as of version 0.5.23. + + Instead, `g77' simply rejects most common attempts to build it using +a non-GNU `make' when the build directory is not the same as the source +directory, issuing an explanatory diagnostic. + +Building GNU CC +--------------- + + Building `g77' requires building enough of `gcc' that these +instructions assume you're going to build all of `gcc', including +`g++', `protoize', and so on. You can save a little time and disk +space by changes the `LANGUAGES' macro definition in `gcc/Makefile.in' +or `gcc/Makefile', but if you do that, you're on your own. One change +is almost *certainly* going to cause failures: removing `c' or `f77' +from the definition of the `LANGUAGES' macro. + + After configuring `gcc', which configures `g77' and `libg2c' +automatically, you're ready to start the actual build by invoking +`make'. + + *Note:* You *must* have run the `configure' script in `gcc' before +you run `make', even if you're using an already existing `gcc' +development directory, because `./configure' does the work to recognize +that you've added `g77' to the configuration. + + There are two general approaches to building GNU CC from scratch: + +"bootstrap" + This method uses minimal native system facilities to build a + barebones, unoptimized `gcc', that is then used to compile + ("bootstrap") the entire system. + +"straight" + This method assumes a more complete native system exists, and uses + that just once to build the entire system. + + On all systems without a recent version of `gcc' already installed, +the bootstrap method must be used. In particular, `g77' uses +extensions to the C language offered, apparently, only by `gcc'. + + On most systems with a recent version of `gcc' already installed, +the straight method can be used. This is an advantage, because it +takes less CPU time and disk space for the build. However, it does +require that the system have fairly recent versions of many GNU +programs and other programs, which are not enumerated here. + +Bootstrap Build +............... + + A complete bootstrap build is done by issuing a command beginning +with `make bootstrap ...', as described in *Note Installing GNU CC: +(gcc)Installation. This is the most reliable form of build, but it +does require the most disk space and CPU time, since the complete system +is built twice (in Stages 2 and 3), after an initial build (during +Stage 1) of a minimal `gcc' compiler using the native compiler and +libraries. + + You might have to, or want to, control the way a bootstrap build is +done by entering the `make' commands to build each stage one at a time, +as described in the `gcc' manual. For example, to save time or disk +space, you might want to not bother doing the Stage 3 build, in which +case you are assuming that the `gcc' compiler you have built is +basically sound (because you are giving up the opportunity to compare a +large number of object files to ensure they're identical). + + To save some disk space during installation, after Stage 2 is built, +you can type `rm -fr stage1' to remove the binaries built during Stage +1. + + Also, see *Note Installing GNU CC: (gcc)Installation, for important +information on building `gcc' that is not described in this `g77' +manual. For example, explanations of diagnostic messages and whether +they're expected, or indicate trouble, are found there. + +Straight Build +.............. + + If you have a recent version of `gcc' already installed on your +system, and if you're reasonably certain it produces code that is +object-compatible with the version of `gcc' you want to build as part +of building `g77', you can save time and disk space by doing a straight +build. + + To build just the compilers along with the necessary run-time +libraries, issue the following command: + + make -k CC=gcc + + If you run into problems using this method, you have two options: + + * Abandon this approach and do a bootstrap build. + + * Try to make this approach work by diagnosing the problems you're + running into and retrying. + + Especially if you do the latter, you might consider submitting any +solutions as bug/fix reports. *Note Known Causes of Trouble with GNU +Fortran: Trouble. + + However, understand that many problems preventing a straight build +from working are not `g77' problems, and, in such cases, are not likely +to be addressed in future versions of `g77'. Consider treating them as +`gcc' bugs instead. + +Pre-installation Checks +----------------------- + + Before installing the system, which includes installing `gcc', you +might want to do some minimum checking to ensure that some basic things +work. + + Here are some commands you can try, and output typically printed by +them when they work: + + sh# cd /usr/src/gcc + sh# ./g77 -B./ -v + g77 version 0.5.25 + Driving: ./g77 -B./ -v -c -xf77-version /dev/null -xnone + Reading specs from ./specs + gcc version 2.8.1 + cpp -lang-c -v -isystem ./include -undef -D__GNUC__=2 ... + GNU CPP version 2.8.1 (Alpha GNU/Linux with ELF) + #include "..." search starts here: + #include <...> search starts here: + include + /usr/alpha-linux/include + /usr/lib/gcc-lib/alpha-linux/2.8.1/include + /usr/include + End of search list. + ./f771 -fnull-version -quiet -dumpbase g77-version.f -version ... + GNU F77 version 2.8.1 (alpha-linux) compiled ... + GNU Fortran Front End version 0.5.25 + as -nocpp -o /tmp/cca14485.o /tmp/cca14485.s + ld -m elf64alpha -G 8 -O1 -dynamic-linker /lib/ld-linux.so.2 ... + /tmp/cca14485 + __G77_LIBF77_VERSION__: 0.5.25 + @(#)LIBF77 VERSION 19970919 + __G77_LIBI77_VERSION__: 0.5.25 + @(#) LIBI77 VERSION pjw,dmg-mods 19980405 + __G77_LIBU77_VERSION__: 0.5.25 + @(#) LIBU77 VERSION 19970919 + sh# ./xgcc -B./ -v -o /tmp/delete-me -xc /dev/null -xnone + Reading specs from ./specs + gcc version 2.8.1 + ./cpp -lang-c -v -isystem ./include -undef ... + GNU CPP version 2.8.1 (Alpha GNU/Linux with ELF) + #include "..." search starts here: + #include <...> search starts here: + include + /usr/alpha-linux/include + /usr/lib/gcc-lib/alpha-linux/2.8.1/include + /usr/include + End of search list. + ./cc1 /tmp/cca18063.i -quiet -dumpbase null.c -version ... + GNU C version 2.8.1 (alpha-linux) compiled ... + as -nocpp -o /tmp/cca180631.o /tmp/cca18063.s + ld -m elf64alpha -G 8 -O1 -dynamic-linker /lib/ld-linux.so.2 ... + /usr/lib/crt1.o: In function `_start': + ../sysdeps/alpha/elf/start.S:77: undefined reference to `main' + ../sysdeps/alpha/elf/start.S:77: undefined reference to `main' + sh# + + (Note that long lines have been truncated, and `...' used to +indicate such truncations.) + + The above two commands test whether `g77' and `gcc', respectively, +are able to compile empty (null) source files, whether invocation of +the C preprocessor works, whether libraries can be linked, and so on. + + If the output you get from either of the above two commands is +noticeably different, especially if it is shorter or longer in ways +that do not look consistent with the above sample output, you probably +should not install `gcc' and `g77' until you have investigated further. + + For example, you could try compiling actual applications and seeing +how that works. (You might want to do that anyway, even if the above +tests work.) + + To compile using the not-yet-installed versions of `gcc' and `g77', +use the following commands to invoke them. + + To invoke `g77', type: + + /usr/src/gcc/g77 -B/usr/src/gcc/ ... + + To invoke `gcc', type: + + /usr/src/gcc/xgcc -B/usr/src/gcc/ ... + +Installation of Binaries +------------------------ + + After configuring, building, and testing `g77' and `gcc', when you +are ready to install them on your system, type: + + make -k CC=gcc install + + As described in *Note Installing GNU CC: (gcc)Installation, the +values for the `CC' and `LANGUAGES' macros should be the same as those +you supplied for the build itself. + + So, the details of the above command might vary if you used a +bootstrap build (where you might be able to omit both definitions, or +might have to supply the same definitions you used when building the +final stage) or if you deviated from the instructions for a straight +build. + + If the above command does not install `libg2c.a' as expected, try +this: + + make -k ... install install-libf77 + + We don't know why some non-GNU versions of `make' sometimes require +this alternate command, but they do. (Remember to supply the +appropriate definition for `CC' where you see `...' in the above +command.) + + Note that using the `-k' option tells `make' to continue after some +installation problems, like not having `makeinfo' installed on your +system. It might not be necessary for your system. + + *Note:* `g77' no longer installs files not directly part of `g77', +such as `/usr/bin/f77', `/usr/lib/libf2c.a', and `/usr/include/f2c.h', +or their `/usr/local' equivalents. + + *Note Distributing Binaries::, for information on how to accommodate +systems with no existing non-`g77' `f77' compiler and systems with +`f2c' installed. + +Updating Your Info Directory +---------------------------- + + As part of installing `g77', you should make sure users of `info' +can easily access this manual on-line. + + `g77' does this automatically by invoking the `install-info' command +when you use `make install' to install `g77'. + + If that fails, or if the `info' directory it updates is not the one +normally accessed by users, consider invoking it yourself. For example: + + install-info --info-dir=/usr/info /usr/info/g77.info + + The above example assumes the `g77' documentation already is +installed in `/usr/info' and that `/usr/info/dir' is the file you wish +to update. Adjust the command accordingly, if those assumptions are +wrong. + +Missing tools? +-------------- + + A build of `gcc' might fail due to one or more tools being called +upon by `make' (during the build or install process), when those tools +are not installed on your system. + + This situation can result from any of the following actions +(performed by you or someone else): + + * Changing the source code or documentation yourself (as a developer + or technical writer). + + * Applying a patch that changes the source code or documentation + (including, sometimes, the official patches distributed by the + FSF). + + * Deleting the files that are created by the (missing) tools. + + The `make maintainer-clean' command is supposed to delete these + files, so invoking this command without having all the appropriate + tools installed is not recommended. + + * Creating the source directory using a method that does not + preserve the date-time-modified information in the original + distribution. + + For example, the UNIX `cp -r' command copies a directory tree + without preserving the date-time-modified information. Use `cp + -pr' instead. + + The reason these activities cause `make' to try and invoke tools +that it probably wouldn't when building from a perfectly "clean" source +directory containing `gcc' and `g77' is that some files in the source +directory (and the corresponding distribution) aren't really source +files, but *derived* files that are produced by running tools with the +corresponding source files as input. These derived files "depend", in +`make' terminology, on the corresponding source files. + + `make' determines that a file that depends on another needs to be +updated if the date-time-modified information for the source file shows +that it is newer than the corresponding information for the derived +file. + + If it makes that determination, `make' runs the appropriate commands +(specified in the "Makefile") to update the derived file, and this +process typically calls upon one or more installed tools to do the work. + + The "safest" approach to dealing with this situation is to recreate +the `gcc' and `g77' source directories from complete `gcc' and `g77' +distributions known to be provided by the FSF. + + Another fairly "safe" approach is to simply install the tools you +need to complete the build process. This is especially appropriate if +you've changed the source code or applied a patch to do so. + + However, if you're certain that the problem is limited entirely to +incorrect date-time-modified information, that there are no +discrepancies between the contents of source files and files derived +from them in the source directory, you can often update the +date-time-modified information for the derived files to work around the +problem of not having the appropriate tools installed. + + On UNIX systems, the simplest way to update the date-time-modified +information of a file is to use the use the `touch' command. + + How to use `touch' to update the derived files updated by each of +the tools is described below. *Note:* New versions of `g77' might +change the set of files it generates by invoking each of these tools. +If you cannot figure out for yourself how to handle such a situation, +try an older version of `g77' until you find someone who can (or until +you obtain and install the relevant tools). + +Missing `autoconf'? +................... + + If you cannot install `autoconf', make sure you have started with a +*fresh* distribution of `gcc' and `g77', do *not* do `make +maintainer-clean', and, to ensure that `autoconf' is not invoked by +`make' during the build, type these commands: + + sh# cd egcs/libf2c + sh# touch configure libU77/configure + sh# cd ../../.. + sh# + +Missing `bison'? +................ + + If you cannot install `bison', make sure you have started with a +*fresh* distribution of `gcc', do *not* do `make maintainer-clean', +and, to ensure that `bison' is not invoked by `make' during the build, +type these commands: + + sh# cd gcc + sh# touch bi-parser.c bi-parser.h c-parse.c c-parse.h cexp.c + sh# touch cp/parse.c cp/parse.h objc-parse.c + sh# cd .. + sh# + +Missing `gperf'? +................ + + If you cannot install `gperf', make sure you have started with a +*fresh* distribution of `gcc', do *not* do `make maintainer-clean', +and, to ensure that `gperf' is not invoked by `make' during the build, +type these commands: + + sh# cd gcc + sh# touch c-gperf.h + sh# cd .. + sh# + +Missing `makeinfo'? +................... + + If `makeinfo' is needed but unavailable when installing (via `make +install'), some files, like `libg2c.a', might not be installed, because +once `make' determines that it cannot invoke `makeinfo', it cancels any +further processing. + + If you cannot install `makeinfo', an easy work-around is to specify +`MAKEINFO=true' on the `make' command line, or to specify the `-k' +option (`make -k install'). + + Another approach is to force the relevant files to be up-to-date by +typing these commands and then re-trying the installation step: + + sh# cd gcc + sh# touch f/g77.info f/BUGS f/INSTALL f/NEWS + sh# cd .. + sh# Distributing Binaries ===================== - For `egcs' users, this information is superceded by the `egcs' -installation instructions. + If you are building `g77' for distribution to others in binary form, +first make sure you are aware of your legal responsibilities (read the +file `gcc/COPYING' thoroughly). + + Then, consider your target audience and decide where `g77' should be +installed. + + For systems like GNU/Linux that have no native Fortran compiler (or +where `g77' could be considered the native compiler for Fortran and +`gcc' for C, etc.), you should definitely configure `g77' for +installation in `/usr/bin' instead of `/usr/local/bin'. Specify the +`--prefix=/usr' option when running `./configure'. + + You might also want to set up the distribution so the `f77' command +is a link to `g77', although a script that accepts "classic" UNIX `f77' +options and translates the command-line to the appropriate `g77' +command line would be more appropriate. If you do this, *please* also +provide a "man page" in `man/man1/f77.1' describing the command. (A +link to `man/man1/g77.1' is appropriate if `bin/f77' is a link to +`bin/g77'.) + + For a system that might already have `f2c' installed, consider +whether inter-operation with `g77' will be important to users of `f2c' +on that system. If you want to improve the likelihood that users will +be able to use both `f2c' and `g77' to compile code for a single program +without encountering link-time or run-time incompatibilities, make sure +that, whenever they intend to combine `f2c'-produced code with +`g77'-produced code in an executable, they: + + * Use the `lib/gcc-lib/.../include/g2c.h' file generated by the + `g77' build in place of the `f2c.h' file that normally comes with + `f2c' (or versions of `g77' prior to 0.5.23) when compiling *all* + of the `f2c'-produced C code + + * Link to the `lib/gcc-lib/.../libg2c.a' library built by the `g77' + build instead of the `libf2c.a' library that normally comes with + `f2c' (or versions of `g77' prior to 0.5.23) + + How you choose to effect the above depends on whether the existing +installation of `f2c' must be maintained. + + In any case, it is important to try and ensure that the installation +keeps working properly even after subsequent re-installation of `f2c', +which probably involves overwriting `/usr/local/lib/libf2c.a' and +`/usr/local/include/f2c.h', or similar. + + At least, copying `libg2c.a' and `g2c.h' into the appropriate +"public" directories allows users to more easily select the version of +`libf2c' they wish to use for a particular build. The names are +changed by `g77' to make this coexistence easier to maintain; even if +`f2c' is installed later, the `g77' files normally installed by its +installation process aren't disturbed. Use of symbolic links from one +set of files to another might result in problems after a subsequent +reinstallation of either `f2c' or `g77', so be sure to alert users of +your distribution accordingly. + + (Make sure you clearly document, in the description of your +distribution, how installation of your distribution will affect +existing installations of `gcc', `f2c', `f77', `libf2c.a', and so on. +Similarly, you should clearly document any requirements you assume will +be met by users of your distribution.) + + For other systems with native `f77' (and `cc') compilers, configure +`g77' as you (or most of your audience) would configure `gcc' for their +installations. Typically this is for installation in `/usr/local', and +would not include a new version of `/usr/bin/f77' or +`/usr/local/bin/f77', so users could still use the native `f77'. + + In any case, for `g77' to work properly, you *must* ensure that the +binaries you distribute include: + +`bin/g77' + This is the command most users use to compile Fortran. + +`bin/gcc' + This is the command some users use to compile Fortran, typically + when compiling programs written in other languages at the same + time. The `bin/gcc' executable file must have been built from a + `gcc' source tree into which a `g77' source tree was merged and + configured, or it will not know how to compile Fortran programs. + +`info/g77.info*' + This is the documentation for `g77'. If it is not included, users + will have trouble understanding diagnostics messages and other + such things, and will send you a lot of email asking questions. + + Please edit this documentation (by editing `egcs/gcc/f/*.texi' and + doing `make doc' from the `/usr/src/gcc' directory) to reflect any + changes you've made to `g77', or at least to encourage users of + your binary distribution to report bugs to you first. + + Also, whether you distribute binaries or install `g77' on your own + system, it might be helpful for everyone to add a line listing + this manual by name and topic to the top-level `info' node in + `/usr/info/dir'. That way, users can find `g77' documentation more + easily. *Note Updating Your Info Directory: Updating + Documentation. + +`man/man1/g77.1' + This is the short man page for `g77'. It is not always kept + up-to-date, but you might as well include it for people who really + like "man" pages. + +`lib/gcc-lib' + This is the directory containing the "private" files installed by + and for `gcc', `g77', `g++', and other GNU compilers. + +`lib/gcc-lib/.../f771' + This is the actual Fortran compiler. + +`lib/gcc-lib/.../libg2c.a' + This is the run-time library for `g77'-compiled programs. + + Whether you want to include the slightly updated (and possibly +improved) versions of `cc1', `cc1plus', and whatever other binaries get +rebuilt with the changes the GNU Fortran distribution makes to the GNU +back end, is up to you. These changes are highly unlikely to break any +compilers, because they involve doing things like adding to the list of +acceptable compiler options (so, for example, `cc1plus' accepts, and +ignores, options that only `f771' actually processes). + + Please assure users that unless they have a specific need for their +existing, older versions of `gcc' command, they are unlikely to +experience any problems by overwriting it with your version--though +they could certainly protect themselves by making backup copies first! + + Otherwise, users might try and install your binaries in a "safe" +place, find they cannot compile Fortran programs with your distribution +(because, perhaps, they're invoking their old version of the `gcc' +command, which does not recognize Fortran programs), and assume that +your binaries (or, more generally, GNU Fortran distributions in +general) are broken, at least for their system. + + Finally, *please* ask for bug reports to go to you first, at least +until you're sure your distribution is widely used and has been well +tested. This especially goes for those of you making any changes to +the `g77' sources to port `g77', e.g. to OS/2. has +received a fair number of bug reports that turned out to be problems +with other peoples' ports and distributions, about which nothing could +be done for the user. Once you are quite certain a bug report does not +involve your efforts, you can forward it to us. diff --git a/gcc/f/NEWS b/gcc/f/NEWS index 2cde7928341..b31b1dbe033 100644 --- a/gcc/f/NEWS +++ b/gcc/f/NEWS @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ `news0.texi' and `news.texi'. `NEWS' is *not* a source file, although it is normally included within source distributions. - This file lists news about the EGCS-1.2 version (and some other + This file lists news about the FSF-0.5.25 version (and some other versions) of the GNU Fortran compiler. Copyright (C) 1995-1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc. You may copy, distribute, and modify it freely as long as you preserve this copyright notice and permission @@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ particularly concentrated on any version of this information that is distributed as part of a *released* `g77'. In particular, while this information is intended to apply to the -EGCS-1.2 version of `g77', only an official *release* of that version +FSF-0.5.25 version of `g77', only an official *release* of that version is expected to contain documentation that is most consistent with the `g77' product in that version. @@ -66,10 +66,10 @@ about previous `g77' versions up-to-date. the mainline, development version of `g77' within `egcs') is available at `http://egcs.cygnus.com/onlinedocs/g77_news.html'. - The following information was last updated on 1999-05-13: + The following information was last updated on 1999-05-26: -In `egcs' 1.2 (versus 1.1.2): -============================= +In 0.5.25 (`EGCS' 1.2) versus `EGCS' 1.1.2: +=========================================== 1. `g77' no longer generates bad code for assignments, or other conversions, of `REAL' or `COMPLEX' constant expressions to type @@ -102,15 +102,9 @@ In `egcs' 1.2 (versus 1.1.2): 7. The `-ax' option is now obeyed when compiling Fortran programs. (It is passed to the `f771' driver.) - * The new `-fsubscript-check' option causes `g77' to compile - run-time bounds checks of array subscripts, as well as of - substring start and end points. - - The current implementation uses the `libf2c' library routine - `s_rnge' to print the diagnostic. Since a future version of `g77' - might use a different implementation, use the new - `-ff2c-subscript-check' option if your application requires use of - `s_rnge' or a compile-time diagnostic. + * The new `-fbounds-check' option causes `g77' to compile run-time + bounds checks of array subscripts, as well as of substring start + and end points. * Source file names with the suffixes `.FOR' and `.FPP' now are recognized by `g77' as if they ended in `.for' and `.fpp', @@ -123,10 +117,10 @@ In `egcs' 1.2 (versus 1.1.2): consistent with the other subroutine forms of `libU77' intrinsics. * `g77' now warns about a reference to an intrinsic that has an - interface that is not Year 2000 (Y2K) compliant. Also, the - `libg2c' has been changed to increase the likelihood of catching - references to the implementations of these intrinsics using the - `EXTERNAL' mechanism (which would avoid the new warnings). + interface that is not Year 2000 (Y2K) compliant. Also, `libg2c' + has been changed to increase the likelihood of catching references + to the implementations of these intrinsics using the `EXTERNAL' + mechanism (which would avoid the new warnings). 8. `g77' now warns about a reference to a function when the corresponding *subsequent* function program unit disagrees with @@ -143,15 +137,19 @@ In `egcs' 1.2 (versus 1.1.2): local double-precision variables that are not in `EQUIVALENCE' areas and not `SAVE''d. + 10. `g77' now open-codes ("inlines") division of `COMPLEX' operands + instead of generating a run-time call to the `libf2c' routines + `c_div' or `z_div', unless the `-Os' option is specified. + * `g77' no longer generates code to maintain `errno', a C-language concept, when performing operations such as the `SqRt' intrinsic. - 10. `g77' developers can temporarily use the `-fflatten-arrays' option + 11. `g77' developers can temporarily use the `-fflatten-arrays' option to compare how the compiler handles code generation using C-like constructs as compared to the Fortran-like method constructs normally used. - 11. A substantial portion of the `g77' front end's code-generation + 12. A substantial portion of the `g77' front end's code-generation component was rewritten. It now generates code using facilities more robustly supported by the `gcc' back end. One effect of this rewrite is that some codes no longer produce a spurious "label LAB @@ -159,14 +157,35 @@ In `egcs' 1.2 (versus 1.1.2): * Support for the `-fugly' option has been removed. - 12. Improve documentation and indexing, including information on Year + 13. Improve documentation and indexing, including information on Year 2000 (Y2K) compliance, and providing more information on internals of the front end. - 13. Upgrade to `libf2c' as of 1999-05-10. + 14. Upgrade to `libf2c' as of 1999-05-10. + +In 0.5.24 versus 0.5.23: +======================== + + There is no `g77' version 0.5.24 at this time, or planned. 0.5.24 +is the version number designated for bug fixes and, perhaps, some new +features added, to 0.5.23. Version 0.5.23 requires `gcc' 2.8.1, as +0.5.24 was planned to require. + + Due to `EGCS' becoming `GCC' (which is now an acronym for "GNU +Compiler Collection"), and `EGCS' 1.2 becoming officially designated +`GCC' 2.95, there seems to be no need for an actual 0.5.24 release. + + To reduce the confusion already resulting from use of 0.5.24 to +designate `g77' versions within `EGCS' versions 1.0 and 1.1, as well as +in versions of `g77' documentation and notices during that period, +"mainline" `g77' version numbering resumes at 0.5.25 with `GCC' 2.95 +(`EGCS' 1.2), skipping over 0.5.24 as a placeholder version number. -In 0.5.24 and `egcs' 1.1.2 (versus 0.5.23 and 1.1.1): -===================================================== + To repeat, there is no `g77' 0.5.24, but there is now a 0.5.25. +Please remain calm and return to your keypunch units. + +In `EGCS' 1.1.2 versus `EGCS' 1.1.1: +==================================== * Fix the `IDate' intrinsic (VXT) (in `libg2c') so the returned year is in the documented, non-Y2K-compliant range of 0-99, instead of @@ -180,8 +199,8 @@ In 0.5.24 and `egcs' 1.1.2 (versus 0.5.23 and 1.1.1): * Improve documentation. -In 0.5.24 and `egcs' 1.1.1 (versus 0.5.23 and 1.1): -=================================================== +In `EGCS' 1.1.1 versus `EGCS' 1.1: +================================== * Fix `libg2c' so it performs an implicit `ENDFILE' operation (as appropriate) whenever a `REWIND' is done. @@ -202,51 +221,28 @@ In 0.5.24 and `egcs' 1.1.1 (versus 0.5.23 and 1.1): some systems (those with shells requiring `else true' clauses on `if' constructs for the completion code to be set properly). -In `egcs' 1.1 (versus 0.5.24): -============================== - - 14. Fix `g77' crash compiling code containing the construct - `CMPLX(0.)' or similar. - - 15. Fix `g77' crash (or apparently infinite run-time) when compiling - certain complicated expressions involving `COMPLEX' arithmetic - (especially multiplication). - - 16. Fix a code-generation bug that afflicted Intel x86 targets when - `-O2' was specified compiling, for example, an old version of the - `DNRM2' routine. - - The x87 coprocessor stack was being mismanaged in cases involving - assigned `GOTO' and `ASSIGN'. - - * Align static double-precision variables and arrays on Intel x86 - targets regardless of whether `-malign-double' is specified. - - Generally, this affects only local variables and arrays having the - `SAVE' attribute or given initial values via `DATA'. - -In `egcs' 1.1 (versus `egcs' 1.0.3): -==================================== +In `EGCS' 1.1 versus `EGCS' 1.0.3: +================================== - 17. Fix bugs in the `libU77' intrinsic `HostNm' that wrote one byte + 15. Fix bugs in the `libU77' intrinsic `HostNm' that wrote one byte beyond the end of its `CHARACTER' argument, and in the `libU77' intrinsics `GMTime' and `LTime' that overwrote their arguments. - 18. Assumed arrays with negative bounds (such as `REAL A(-1:*)') no + 16. Assumed arrays with negative bounds (such as `REAL A(-1:*)') no longer elicit spurious diagnostics from `g77', even on systems with pointers having different sizes than integers. This bug is not known to have existed in any recent version of `gcc'. It was introduced in an early release of `egcs'. - 19. Valid combinations of `EXTERNAL', passing that external as a dummy + 17. Valid combinations of `EXTERNAL', passing that external as a dummy argument without explicitly giving it a type, and, in a subsequent program unit, referencing that external as an external function with a different type no longer crash `g77'. - 20. `CASE DEFAULT' no longer crashes `g77'. + 18. `CASE DEFAULT' no longer crashes `g77'. - 21. The `-Wunused' option no longer issues a spurious warning about + 19. The `-Wunused' option no longer issues a spurious warning about the "master" procedure generated by `g77' for procedures containing `ENTRY' statements. @@ -271,25 +267,25 @@ In `egcs' 1.1 (versus `egcs' 1.0.3): `libf2c' environment, even when `libf2c' (now `libg2c') is a shared library. - 22. `g77' no longer installs the `f77' command and `f77.1' man page in + 20. `g77' no longer installs the `f77' command and `f77.1' man page in the `/usr' or `/usr/local' heirarchy, even if the `f77-install-ok' file exists in the source or build directory. See the installation documentation for more information. - 23. `g77' no longer installs the `libf2c.a' library and `f2c.h' + 21. `g77' no longer installs the `libf2c.a' library and `f2c.h' include file in the `/usr' or `/usr/local' heirarchy, even if the `f2c-install-ok' or `f2c-exists-ok' files exist in the source or build directory. See the installation documentation for more information. - 24. The `libf2c.a' library produced by `g77' has been renamed to + 22. The `libf2c.a' library produced by `g77' has been renamed to `libg2c.a'. It is installed only in the `gcc' "private" directory heirarchy, `gcc-lib'. This allows system administrators and users to choose which version of the `libf2c' library from `netlib' they wish to use on a case-by-case basis. See the installation documentation for more information. - 25. The `f2c.h' include (header) file produced by `g77' has been + 23. The `f2c.h' include (header) file produced by `g77' has been renamed to `g2c.h'. It is installed only in the `gcc' "private" directory heirarchy, `gcc-lib'. This allows system administrators and users to choose which version of the include file from @@ -301,11 +297,11 @@ In `egcs' 1.1 (versus `egcs' 1.0.3): than the one built and installed as part of the same `g77' version is picked up. - 26. During the configuration and build process, `g77' creates + 24. During the configuration and build process, `g77' creates subdirectories it needs only as it needs them. Other cleaning up of the configuration and build process has been performed as well. - 27. `install-info' now used to update the directory of Info + 25. `install-info' now used to update the directory of Info documentation to contain an entry for `g77' (during installation). * Some diagnostics have been changed from warnings to errors, to @@ -314,24 +310,34 @@ In `egcs' 1.1 (versus `egcs' 1.0.3): in the `OPEN', `INQUIRE', `READ', and `WRITE' statements, and about truncations of various sorts of constants. - 28. Improve compilation of `FORMAT' expressions so that a null byte is + 26. Improve compilation of `FORMAT' expressions so that a null byte is appended to the last operand if it is a constant. This provides a cleaner run-time diagnostic as provided by `libf2c' for statements like `PRINT '(I1', 42'. - 29. Improve documentation and indexing. + 27. Improve documentation and indexing. - 30. The upgrade to `libf2c' as of 1998-06-18 should fix a variety of + 28. The upgrade to `libf2c' as of 1998-06-18 should fix a variety of problems, including those involving some uses of the `T' format specifier, and perhaps some build (porting) problems as well. -In 0.5.24 and `egcs' 1.1 (versus 0.5.23): -========================================= +In `EGCS' 1.1 versus `g77' 0.5.23: +================================== + + 29. Fix a code-generation bug that afflicted Intel x86 targets when + `-O2' was specified compiling, for example, an old version of the + `DNRM2' routine. + + The x87 coprocessor stack was being mismanaged in cases involving + assigned `GOTO' and `ASSIGN'. - 31. `g77' no longer produces incorrect code and initial values for + 30. `g77' no longer produces incorrect code and initial values for `EQUIVALENCE' and `COMMON' aggregates that, due to "unnatural" ordering of members vis-a-vis their types, require initial padding. + 31. Fix `g77' crash compiling code containing the construct + `CMPLX(0.)' or similar. + 32. `g77' no longer crashes when compiling code containing specification statements such as `INTEGER(KIND=7) PTR'. @@ -346,6 +352,16 @@ In 0.5.24 and `egcs' 1.1 (versus 0.5.23): Previously, `g77' treated these expressions as denoting special "pointer" arguments for the purposes of filewide analysis. + 34. Fix `g77' crash (or apparently infinite run-time) when compiling + certain complicated expressions involving `COMPLEX' arithmetic + (especially multiplication). + + * Align static double-precision variables and arrays on Intel x86 + targets regardless of whether `-malign-double' is specified. + + Generally, this affects only local variables and arrays having the + `SAVE' attribute or given initial values via `DATA'. + * The `g77' driver now ensures that `-lg2c' is specified in the link phase prior to any occurrence of `-lm'. This prevents accidentally linking to a routine in the SunOS4 `-lm' library when @@ -366,9 +382,9 @@ In 0.5.24 and `egcs' 1.1 (versus 0.5.23): * The F90 `System_Clock' intrinsic allows the optional arguments (except for the `Count' argument) to be omitted. - 34. Upgrade to `libf2c' as of 1998-06-18. + 35. Upgrade to `libf2c' as of 1998-06-18. - 35. Improve documentation and indexing. + 36. Improve documentation and indexing. In previous versions: ===================== -- 2.30.2