+++ /dev/null
-pseudo-LRU
-
-two-way set associative - one bit
-
- indicates which line of the two has been reference more recently
-
-
-four-way set associative - three bits
-
- each bit represents one branch point in a binary decision tree; let 1
- represent that the left side has been referenced more recently than the
- right side, and 0 vice-versa
-
- are all 4 lines valid?
- / \
- yes no, use an invalid line
- |
- |
- |
- bit_0 == 0? state | replace ref to | next state
- / \ ------+-------- -------+-----------
- y n 00x | line_0 line_0 | 11_
- / \ 01x | line_1 line_1 | 10_
- bit_1 == 0? bit_2 == 0? 1x0 | line_2 line_2 | 0_1
- / \ / \ 1x1 | line_3 line_3 | 0_0
- y n y n
- / \ / \ ('x' means ('_' means unchanged)
- line_0 line_1 line_2 line_3 don't care)
-
- (see Figure 3-7, p. 3-18, in Intel Embedded Pentium Processor Family Dev.
- Manual, 1998, http://www.intel.com/design/intarch/manuals/273204.htm)
-
-
-note that there is a 6-bit encoding for true LRU for four-way set associative
-
- bit 0: bank[1] more recently used than bank[0]
- bit 1: bank[2] more recently used than bank[0]
- bit 2: bank[2] more recently used than bank[1]
- bit 3: bank[3] more recently used than bank[0]
- bit 4: bank[3] more recently used than bank[1]
- bit 5: bank[3] more recently used than bank[2]
-
- this results in 24 valid bit patterns within the 64 possible bit patterns
- (4! possible valid traces for bank references)
-
- e.g., a trace of 0 1 2 3, where 0 is LRU and 3 is MRU, is encoded as 111111
-
- you can implement a state machine with a 256x6 ROM (6-bit state encoding
- appended with a 2-bit bank reference input will yield a new 6-bit state),
- and you can implement an LRU bank indicator with a 64x2 ROM
-