doxygen/gallium.doc

   1 /** \mainpage
   2
   3   \section about About
   4
   5   Gallium3D is <a href="http://www.tungstengraphics.com/">Tungsten Graphics</a>'
   6   new architecture for building 3D graphics drivers. Initially
   7   supporting Mesa and Linux graphics drivers, Gallium3D is designed to allow
   8   portability to all major operating systems and graphics interfaces.
   9
  10   Compared to existing Linux graphics drivers, Gallium3D will:
  11
  12   - Make drivers smaller and simpler.
  13     Current DRI drivers are rather complicated. They're large, contain
  14     duplicated code and are burdened with implementing many concepts tightly
  15     tied to the OpenGL 1.x/2.x API.
  16
  17   - Model modern graphics hardware.
  18     The new driver architecture is an abstraction of modern graphics hardware,
  19     rather than an OpenGL->hardware translator. The new driver interface will
  20     assume the presence of programmable vertex/fragment shaders and flexible
  21     memory objects.
  22
  23   - Support multiple graphics APIs.
  24     The OpenGL 3.0 API will be very different from OpenGL 1.x/2.x. We'd like a
  25     driver model that is API-neutral so that it's not tied to a specific
  26     graphics API.
  27
  28   \section contents Contents
  29
  30   - \ref overview
  31
  32   - \ref statetracker
  33
  34   - Pipe drivers:
  35     - \ref softpipe
  36     - \ref i915g
  37     - Cell driver (cell_context.h, cell_winsys.h)
  38     - \ref failover
  39
  40   - Winsys drivers:
  41     - X11 winsys driver (xm_winsys.c)
  42     - Intel DRI winsys driver (intel_context.h, intel_winsys_pipe.c)
  43
  44   - Ancillary Modules:
  45     - \ref draw
  46     - \ref tgsi
  47       - LLVM TGSI backend (gallivm.h)
  48
  49   - \ref callgraph
  50
  51   \section external External documentation
  52
  53   - <a href="http://www.tungstengraphics.com/gallium3D.htm">Gallium3D's Architectural Overview</a>
  54   - <a href="http://www.tungstengraphics.com/wiki/index.php/Gallium3D">Technical Overview</a>
  55   - <a href="http://www.tungstengraphics.com/wiki/files/gallium3d-xds2007.pdf">Gallium3D talk from XDS 2007</a>
  56
  57 */
  58
  59 /** \page overview Overview
  60
  61   The public interface of a Gallium3D driver is described by the p_context.h
  62   header file. The pipe_context structure is an abstract base class with
  63   methods for:
  64
  65   - Setting rendering state (texture sampler state, vertex array info, drawing surfaces, etc.)
  66
  67   - Setting shader state, using the TGSI binary shader representation.
  68
  69   - Vertex array and indexed vertex array drawing.
  70
  71   - Region (memory) management for textures, renderbuffers, vertex buffers, etc.
  72
  73   - Hardware queries (number of texture units, max texture size, etc).
  74
  75   The p_state.h header defines all the state objects (such as polygon
  76   rasterization options, blend modes, etc) and resources (drawing surfaces,
  77   textures, memory buffers). The pipe interface uses "constant state" objects.
  78   That is, state objects are created once and are immutable. State objects are
  79   put into effect by binding them. This allows Gallium3D drivers to create
  80   corresponding hardware state objects which can be quickly handled.
  81
  82   The p_defines.h header defines numerous constants and tokens (blend modes,
  83   texture wrap modes, surface formats, etc.
  84
  85   The p_winsys.h header defines the window system and OS facilities which
  86   Gallium3D drivers rely upon. For example, memory allocation is typically a
  87   service the OS provides while window size/position information is provided by
  88   the window system. Pipe drivers use the winsys interface to handle these
  89   things.
  90
  91   By abstracting OS and window system services, pipe drivers are portable to
  92   other platforms (e.g. embedded devices).
  93 */
  94
  95 /** \page statetracker The State Tracker
  96
  97   The state tracker is the piece which interfaces core Mesa to the Gallium3D
  98   interface. It's responsible for translating Mesa state (blend modes, texture
  99   state, etc) and drawing commands (like glDrawArrays and glDrawPixels) into
 100   pipe objects and operations.
 101
 102   Traditional fixed-function OpenGL components (such as lighting and texture
 103   combining) are implemented with shaders. OpenGL commands such as glDrawPixels
 104   are translated into textured quadrilateral rendering. Basically, any
 105   rendering operation that isn't directly supported by modern graphics hardware
 106   is translated into a hardware-friendly form.
 107
 108   Future state trackers will be created for OpenGL 3.0 and OpenGL-ES 2.x.
 109 */
 110
 111 /** \page softpipe Softpipe Driver
 112
 113   The softpipe driver is a software implementation of the Gallium3D interface.
 114   It will be used as a reference implementation and as a fallback driver when a
 115   hardware driver isn't available. The softpipe driver will make extensive use
 116   of run-time code generation to efficiently execute vertex, fragment and
 117   rasterization operations.
 118
 119   \sa sp_winsys.h
 120 */
 121
 122 /** \page i915g i915 Driver
 123
 124   The i915 Gallium3D Driver is an initial hardware driver implementation within
 125   the Gallium3D driver architecture. We expect that once complete this driver
 126   will have equivalent functionality and performance to the current Mesa
 127   i915tex driver, but from a much smaller codebase.
 128
 129   \sa i915_context.h
 130   \sa i915_winsys.h
 131 */
 132
 133 /** \page failover Failover Module
 134
 135   The failover module acts as a selector between a hardware driver and the
 136   softpipe driver. When the hardware can't implement a particular rendering
 137   operation, the failover module will pass the request to the softpipe driver.
 138   This is a different solution to the "software fallbacks" scheme of previous
 139   Mesa drivers.
 140
 141   \sa fo_winsys.h
 142 */
 143
 144 /** \page draw Draw Module
 145   The Draw module provides point/line/polygon rendering services such as
 146   vertex transformation, polygon culling and clipping. It will be used by
 147   drivers for hardware which lacks vertex transformation (such as the
 148   i915/i945). It may also be instantiated and used directly by the state
 149   tracker to implement some API functionality that doesn't map well to hardware
 150   capabilities.
 151
 152   The interface of this module corresponds closely to the subset of the Gallium
 153   Driver Interface which is relevent to these steps in the pipeline. Specifically
 154   there are calls for:
 155
 156   - Vertex shader constant state objects
 157   - Vertex buffer binding
 158   - Vertex element layout (vertex fetch) constant state objects
 159   - DrawArrays and DrawElements
 160   - Rasterizer constant state objects.
 161
 162   The Draw module is effectively the part of \ref softpipe which is concerned with
 163   vertex processing, split off into a separate module so that it can be reused
 164   by drivers for rasterization-only hardware. As such it is also instantiated
 165   by the \ref i915g driver.
 166
 167   Additionally, there are cases in the Mesa OpenGL state_tracker where it is
 168   required to obtain transformed vertices and yet it is anticipated that using
 169   hardware transformation even if available would reduce performance, usually
 170   because the setup costs or latency are prohibitive. For this reason the Mesa
 171   state_tracker also instantiates a copy of this module.
 172
 173   \sa draw_context.h
 174 */
 175
 176 /** \page tgsi TGSI
 177
 178   The TGSI module provides a universal representation of shaders and
 179   CPU-based execution of shaders. All Mesa vertex/fragment programs and shaders
 180   are translated into the TGSI representation before being passed to the
 181   driver. In turn, the driver will convert the TGSI instructions into
 182   GPU-specific instructions. For hardware that lacks vertex or fragment shader
 183   support, the TGSI's executor can be used. The TGSI executor includes support
 184   for SSE code generation. Support for other processors (such as Cell) will be
 185   added in the future.
 186
 187   \sa tgsi_parse.h
 188   \sa <a href="http://www.tungstengraphics.com/wiki/files/tgsi.pdf">TGSI specification</a>
 189 */
 190
 191 /** \page callgraph Glxgears callgraph example
 192
 193   Below is a call graph of the glxgears application together with the Gallium3D's softpipe reference driver.
 194
 195   \htmlonly
 196   The functions in the graph below are clickable.
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 321   The graph above was generated by the <a href="http://code.google.com/p/jrfonseca/wiki/Gprof2Dot">gprof2dot.py script</a>.
 322 */