doxygen/gallium.doc

   1 /** \mainpage
   2
   3   \section about About
   4
   5   Gallium3D is <a href="http://www.tungstengraphics.com/">Tungsten Graphics</a>'
   6   new architecture for building 3D graphics drivers. Initially
   7   supporting Mesa and Linux graphics drivers, Gallium3D is designed to allow
   8   portability to all major operating systems and graphics interfaces.
   9
  10   Compared to existing Linux graphics drivers, Gallium3D will:
  11
  12   - Make drivers smaller and simpler.
  13     Current DRI drivers are rather complicated. They're large, contain
  14     duplicated code and are burdened with implementing many concepts tightly
  15     tied to the OpenGL 1.x/2.x API.
  16
  17   - Model modern graphics hardware.
  18     The new driver architecture is an abstraction of modern graphics hardware,
  19     rather than an OpenGL->hardware translator. The new driver interface will
  20     assume the presence of programmable vertex/fragment shaders and flexible
  21     memory objects.
  22
  23   - Support multiple graphics APIs.
  24     The OpenGL 3.0 API will be very different from OpenGL 1.x/2.x. We'd like a
  25     driver model that is API-neutral so that it's not tied to a specific
  26     graphics API.
  27
  28   \section contents Contents
  29
  30   - \ref overview
  31
  32   - \ref statetracker
  33
  34   - Pipe drivers:
  35     - \ref softpipe
  36     - \ref i915simple
  37     - Simple 965 driver (brw_context.h, brw_winsys.h)
  38     - Cell driver (cell_context.h, cell_winsys.h)
  39     - \ref failover
  40
  41   - Winsys drivers:
  42     - X11 winsys driver (xm_winsys.c)
  43     - Intel DRI winsys driver (intel_context.h, intel_winsys_pipe.c)
  44
  45   - Ancillary Modules:
  46     - \ref draw
  47     - \ref tgsi
  48       - LLVM TGSI backend (gallivm.h)
  49
  50   - \ref callgraph
  51
  52   \section external External documentation
  53
  54   - <a href="http://www.tungstengraphics.com/gallium3D.htm">Gallium3D's Architectural Overview</a>
  55   - <a href="http://www.tungstengraphics.com/wiki/index.php/Gallium3D">Technical Overview</a>
  56   - <a href="http://www.tungstengraphics.com/wiki/files/gallium3d-xds2007.pdf">Gallium3D talk from XDS 2007</a>
  57
  58 */
  59
  60 /** \page overview Overview
  61
  62   The public interface of a Gallium3D driver is described by the p_context.h
  63   header file. The pipe_context structure is an abstract base class with
  64   methods for:
  65
  66   - Setting rendering state (texture sampler state, vertex array info, drawing surfaces, etc.)
  67
  68   - Setting shader state, using the TGSI binary shader representation.
  69
  70   - Vertex array and indexed vertex array drawing.
  71
  72   - Region (memory) management for textures, renderbuffers, vertex buffers, etc.
  73
  74   - Hardware queries (number of texture units, max texture size, etc).
  75
  76   The p_state.h header defines all the state objects (such as polygon
  77   rasterization options, blend modes, etc) and resources (drawing surfaces,
  78   textures, memory buffers). The pipe interface uses "constant state" objects.
  79   That is, state objects are created once and are immutable. State objects are
  80   put into effect by binding them. This allows Gallium3D drivers to create
  81   corresponding hardware state objects which can be quickly handled.
  82
  83   The p_defines.h header defines numerous constants and tokens (blend modes,
  84   texture wrap modes, surface formats, etc.
  85
  86   The p_winsys.h header defines the window system and OS facilities which
  87   Gallium3D drivers rely upon. For example, memory allocation is typically a
  88   service the OS provides while window size/position information is provided by
  89   the window system. Pipe drivers use the winsys interface to handle these
  90   things.
  91
  92   By abstracting OS and window system services, pipe drivers are portable to
  93   other platforms (e.g. embedded devices).
  94 */
  95
  96 /** \page statetracker The State Tracker
  97
  98   The state tracker is the piece which interfaces core Mesa to the Gallium3D
  99   interface. It's responsible for translating Mesa state (blend modes, texture
 100   state, etc) and drawing commands (like glDrawArrays and glDrawPixels) into
 101   pipe objects and operations.
 102
 103   Traditional fixed-function OpenGL components (such as lighting and texture
 104   combining) are implemented with shaders. OpenGL commands such as glDrawPixels
 105   are translated into textured quadrilateral rendering. Basically, any
 106   rendering operation that isn't directly supported by modern graphics hardware
 107   is translated into a hardware-friendly form.
 108
 109   Future state trackers will be created for OpenGL 3.0 and OpenGL-ES 2.x.
 110 */
 111
 112 /** \page softpipe Softpipe Driver
 113
 114   The softpipe driver is a software implementation of the Gallium3D interface.
 115   It will be used as a reference implementation and as a fallback driver when a
 116   hardware driver isn't available. The softpipe driver will make extensive use
 117   of run-time code generation to efficiently execute vertex, fragment and
 118   rasterization operations.
 119
 120   \sa sp_winsys.h
 121 */
 122
 123 /** \page i915simple Simple i915 Driver
 124
 125   The i915 Gallium3D Driver is an initial hardware driver implementation within
 126   the Gallium3D driver architecture. We expect that once complete this driver
 127   will have equivalent functionality and performance to the current Mesa
 128   i915tex driver, but from a much smaller codebase.
 129
 130   \sa i915_context.h
 131   \sa i915_winsys.h
 132 */
 133
 134 /** \page failover Failover Module
 135
 136   The failover module acts as a selector between a hardware driver and the
 137   softpipe driver. When the hardware can't implement a particular rendering
 138   operation, the failover module will pass the request to the softpipe driver.
 139   This is a different solution to the "software fallbacks" scheme of previous
 140   Mesa drivers.
 141
 142   \sa fo_winsys.h
 143 */
 144
 145 /** \page draw Draw Module
 146   The Draw module provides point/line/polygon rendering services such as
 147   vertex transformation, polygon culling and clipping. It will be used by
 148   drivers for hardware which lacks vertex transformation (such as the
 149   i915/i945). It may also be instantiated and used directly by the state
 150   tracker to implement some API functionality that doesn't map well to hardware
 151   capabilities.
 152
 153   The interface of this module corresponds closely to the subset of the Gallium
 154   Driver Interface which is relevent to these steps in the pipeline. Specifically
 155   there are calls for:
 156
 157   - Vertex shader constant state objects
 158   - Vertex buffer binding
 159   - Vertex element layout (vertex fetch) constant state objects
 160   - DrawArrays and DrawElements
 161   - Rasterizer constant state objects.
 162
 163   The Draw module is effectively the part of \ref softpipe which is concerned with
 164   vertex processing, split off into a separate module so that it can be reused
 165   by drivers for rasterization-only hardware. As such it is also instantiated
 166   by the \ref i915simple driver.
 167
 168   Additionally, there are cases in the Mesa OpenGL state_tracker where it is
 169   required to obtain transformed vertices and yet it is anticipated that using
 170   hardware transformation even if available would reduce performance, usually
 171   because the setup costs or latency are prohibitive. For this reason the Mesa
 172   state_tracker also instantiates a copy of this module.
 173
 174   \sa draw_context.h
 175 */
 176
 177 /** \page tgsi TGSI
 178
 179   The TGSI module provides a universal representation of shaders and
 180   CPU-based execution of shaders. All Mesa vertex/fragment programs and shaders
 181   are translated into the TGSI representation before being passed to the
 182   driver. In turn, the driver will convert the TGSI instructions into
 183   GPU-specific instructions. For hardware that lacks vertex or fragment shader
 184   support, the TGSI's executor can be used. The TGSI executor includes support
 185   for SSE code generation. Support for other processors (such as Cell) will be
 186   added in the future.
 187
 188   \sa tgsi_parse.h
 189   \sa <a href="http://www.tungstengraphics.com/wiki/files/tgsi.pdf">TGSI specification</a>
 190 */
 191
 192 /** \page callgraph Glxgears callgraph example
 193
 194   Below is a call graph of the glxgears application together with the Gallium3D's softpipe reference driver.
 195
 196   \htmlonly
 197   The functions in the graph below are clickable.
 198   \endhtmlonly
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 320   \enddot
 321
 322   The graph above was generated by the <a href="http://code.google.com/p/jrfonseca/wiki/Gprof2Dot">gprof2dot.py script</a>.
 323 */